Merge pull request #2469 from JuliaPlots/bbs/remove-defaults

remove default recipes
move Volume
2020-03-16 22:48:38 +01:00 · 2020-03-15 21:48:51 +01:00 · 2020-03-15 21:22:59 +01:00 · 2020-03-15 21:14:16 +01:00 · 2020-03-15 18:11:46 +01:00 · 2020-03-15 16:53:54 +01:00
65 changed files with 8043 additions and 8457 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+name: CompatHelper
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '00 * * * *'
+
+jobs:
+  CompatHelper:
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        julia-version: [1.2.0]
+        julia-arch: [x86]
+        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+    steps:
+      - uses: julia-actions/setup-julia@latest
+        with:
+          version: ${{ matrix.julia-version }}
+      - name: Pkg.add("CompatHelper")
+        run: julia -e 'using Pkg; Pkg.add("CompatHelper")'
+      - name: CompatHelper.main()
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: julia -e 'using CompatHelper; CompatHelper.main()'
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+name: TagBot
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: 0 * * * *
+jobs:
+  TagBot:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: JuliaRegistries/TagBot@v1
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
@@ -6,3 +6,5 @@ examples/.ipynb_checkpoints/*
 examples/meetup/.ipynb_checkpoints/*
 deps/plotly-latest.min.js
 deps/build.log
+deps/deps.jl
+Manifest.toml
@@ -4,57 +4,35 @@ os:
  - linux
  # - osx
 julia:
-  # - 0.7
+  - 1
+  - 1.3
  - nightly
-# matrix:
-#   allow_failures:
-#     - julia: nightly

-# # before install:
-# #   - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "osx" ]]; then brew update          ; fi
-# #   - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "osx" ]]; then brew install wkhtmltopdf; fi
+matrix:
+  allow_failures:
+  - julia: nightly

-# ref: http://askubuntu.com/a/556672 for the wkhtmltopdf apt repository info
+addons:
+  apt:
+    packages:
+      - at-spi2-core
+      - libgtk-3-dev
+      - xauth
+      - xvfb
+
+cache:
+  directories:
+  - $HOME/.julia/artifacts

 sudo: required
 before_install:
  - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "linux" ]]; then pwd ; fi
  - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "linux" ]]; then ./test/install_wkhtmltoimage.sh ; fi
-#   - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "linux" ]]; then  sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:pov/wkhtmltopdf  ; fi
-#   - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "linux" ]]; then  sudo apt-get -qq update                      ; fi
-#   - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "linux" ]]; then  sudo apt-get install -y wkhtmltopdf          ; fi
-#   - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "linux" ]]; then  wkhtmltopdf -V                               ; fi
-#   - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "linux" ]]; then  wkhtmltoimage -V                             ; fi
-#   echo 'exec xvfb-run -a -s "-screen 0 640x480x16" wkhtmltopdf "$@"' | sudo tee /usr/local/bin/wkhtmltopdf.sh >/dev/null
-# sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/wkhtmltopdf.sh
-
-# # borrowed from Blink.jl's travis file
-# matrix:
-#   include:
-#     - os: linux
-#       julia: 0.4
-#       env: TESTCMD="xvfb-run julia"
-#     - os: osx
-#       julia: 0.4
-#       env: TESTCMD="julia"
-
-

 notifications:
  email: true
-# uncomment the following lines to override the default test script
-# script:
- # - if [[ -a .git/shallow ]]; then git fetch --unshallow; fi
- # - julia -e 'import Pkg; Pkg.add(Pkg.PackageSpec(path=pwd())); Pkg.build("Plots")'
- # - julia test/travis_commands.jl
- # - julia -e 'Pkg.clone("ImageMagick"); Pkg.build("ImageMagick")'
- # - julia -e 'Pkg.clone("GR"); Pkg.build("GR")'
- # # - julia -e 'Pkg.clone("https://github.com/tbreloff/ImageMagick.jl.git"); Pkg.checkout("ImageMagick","tb_write"); Pkg.build("ImageMagick")'
- # - julia -e 'Pkg.clone("https://github.com/tbreloff/ExamplePlots.jl.git");'
- # # - julia -e 'Pkg.clone("https://github.com/JunoLab/Blink.jl.git"); Pkg.build("Blink"); import Blink; Blink.AtomShell.install()'
- # # - julia -e 'Pkg.clone("https://github.com/spencerlyon2/PlotlyJS.jl.git")'
- # - julia -e 'ENV["PYTHON"] = ""; Pkg.add("PyPlot"); Pkg.build("PyPlot")'
- #
- # # - $TESTCMD -e 'Pkg.test("Plots"; coverage=false)'
- # - julia -e 'Pkg.test("Plots"; coverage=false)'
- # # - julia -e 'cd(Pkg.dir("Plots")); Pkg.add("Coverage"); using Coverage; Coveralls.submit(process_folder()); Codecov.submit(process_folder())'
+
+script:
+  - if [[ -a .git/shallow ]]; then git fetch --unshallow; fi
+  - if [[ `uname` = "Linux" ]]; then TESTCMD="xvfb-run julia"; else TESTCMD="julia"; fi
+  - $TESTCMD -e 'using Pkg; pkg"add https://github.com/mkborregaard/RecipeUtils.jl"; Pkg.build(); Pkg.test(coverage=true)'
@@ -3,14 +3,151 @@

 #### notes on release changes, ongoing development, and future planned work

- Minor version 0.17 is the last one to support Julia 0.6!!
- Minor version 0.11 is the last one to support Julia 0.5!!
-	- Critical bugfixes only
-    - `backports` branch is for Julia 0.5
-
---
 ## (current master)
- All new development should target Julia 1.x!
+
+## 0.28.3
+- support generalized array interface
+- save to pdf, svg and eps in plotlyjs
+- fix for clims in line_z
+- optimize heatmap logic in gr
+
+## 0.26.3
+- fix `vline` with dates
+- fix PyPlot logscale bug
+- avoid annotation clipping for PyPlot
+- allow plotting of Any vectors and 3D plotting again in convertToAnyVector
+- specify legend title font in GR and PyPlot
+- delete `pushtomaster.sh`
+- use `=== nothing`
+
+## 0.26.2
+- improve empty animation build error
+- fix GR axis flip for heatmaps and images
+- fix ribbons specified as tuples
+- add Char recipe
+- fix Plotly plots with single-element series
+- rewrite PlotlyJS backend
+
+## 0.26.1
+- handle `Char`s as input data
+- fix html saving for Plotly
+- expand ~ in paths on UNIX systems
+- convertToAnyVector clean-up
+- fix color_palette grouping issue
+
+## 0.26.0
+- use FFMPEG.jl
+- add missing method for convertToAnyVector
+
+## 0.25.3
+- add areaplot
+- allow missing in z_color arguments
+- more general tuple recipe
+- stephist logscale improvements
+
+## 0.25.2
+- improvements to handle missings
+- pyplot: allow setting the color gradient for z values
+- document :colorbar_entry
+- limit number of automatic bins
+- fix ENV['PLOTS_DEFAULT_BACKEND']
+- don't let aspect_ratio impact subplot size
+- implement arrowstyle for GR
+- fix bug in plotly_convert_to_datetime
+- improve missing support
+- gr: polar heatmaps
+- make sure show returns nothing
+
+## 0.25.1
+- fix gr_display
+
+## 0.25.0
+- Replace StaticArrays with GeometryTypes
+- Contour fixes for GR
+
+## 0.24.0
+- Update to the new PyCall and PyPlot API
+- fix drawing of ticks
+- fix y label position with GR
+
+## 0.23.2
+- pyplot fixes
+- Add option :tex_output_standalone to set the 'include_preamble' argument in the PGFPlots backend.
+- fix ticks
+- support plotly json mime
+- fix image axis limits
+- default to radius 0 at center for polar plots
+
+## 0.23.1
+- slightly faster load time
+- fixed errant MethodError
+- fix bar plots with unicodeplots
+- better colorbars for contour
+- add volume seriestype for GR
+- fix passing a tuple to custom ticks
+- add vline to pgfplots
+- add tex output for pyplot
+- better 3d axis labels for GR
+
+## 0.23.0
+- compatible with StatPlots -> StatsPlots name shift
+- fix histograms for vectors with NaN and Inf
+- change gif behaviour (remove cache-busting)
+- improved docstrings for shorthands functions
+- fix font rotation for pyplot
+- fix greyscale images for pyplot
+- clamp greyscale images with values outside 0,1
+- support keyword argument for font options
+- allow vector of markers for pyplot scatter
+
+## 0.22.5
+- improve behaviour of plotlyjs backend
+
+## 0.22.4
+- Add support for discrete contourf plots with GR
+
+## 0.22.3
+- Fix the `showtheme` function
+
+## 0.22.2
+- Allow annotations to accept a Tuple instead of the result of a text call (making it possible to specify font characteristics in recipes). E.g. `annotations = (2, 4, ("test", :right, 8, :red))` is the same as `annotations = (2, 4, text("test", :right, 8, :red))`
+
+## 0.22.1
+- push PlotsDisplay just after REPLDisplay
+
+## 0.22.0
+- deprecate GLVisualize
+- allow 1-row and 1-column heatmaps
+- add portfoliodecomposition recipe from PlotRecipes
+- solve Shape bug
+- simplify PyPlot backend installation
+- fix wireframe bug in PyPlot
+- fix color bug in PyPlot
+- minor bug fixes in gr and pyplot
+
+## 0.21.0
+- Compatibility with StaticArrays 0.9.0
+- Up GR min version to 0.35
+- fix :mirror
+
+## 0.20.6
+- fixes for PlotDocs.jl
+- fix gr axis color argument
+- Shapes for inspectdr
+- don't load plotly js file by default
+
+## 0.20.5
+- fix precompilation issue when depending on Plots
+
+## 0.20.4
+- honour `html_output_format` in Juno
+
+## 0.20.3
+- implement guide position in gr, pyplot and pgfplots
+- inspectdr fixes
+- default appveyor
+- rudimentary missings support
+- deprecation fixes for PGFPlots

 ## 0.20.0
 Many updates, min julia 1.0
@@ -146,7 +283,7 @@ Many updates, min julia 1.0
 - add `reset_defaults()` function to reset plot defaults
 - update syntax to 0.6
 - make `fill = true` fill to 0 rather than to 1
- use new `@df` syntax in StatPlots examples
+- use new `@df` syntax in StatsPlots examples
 - allow changing the color of legend box
 - implement `title_location` for gr
 - add `hline` marker to pgfplots - fixes errorbars
@@ -298,7 +435,7 @@ Many updates, min julia 1.0
 - added dependency on PlotThemes
 - set_theme --> theme
 - remove Compat from REQUIRE
- warning for DataFrames without StatPlots
+- warning for DataFrames without StatsPlots
 - closeall exported and implemented for gr/pyplot
 - fix DateTime recipe
 - reset theme with theme(:none)
@@ -420,8 +557,8 @@ Many updates, min julia 1.0
 #### 0.8.0

 - added dependency on PlotUtils
- BREAKING: removed DataFrames support (now in StatPlots.jl)
- BREAKING: removed boxplot/violin/density recipes (now in StatPlots.jl)
+- BREAKING: removed DataFrames support (now in StatsPlots.jl)
+- BREAKING: removed boxplot/violin/density recipes (now in StatsPlots.jl)
 - GR:
    - inline iterm2 support
    - trisurface support
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+name = "Plots"
+uuid = "91a5bcdd-55d7-5caf-9e0b-520d859cae80"
+author = ["Tom Breloff (@tbreloff)"]
+version = "0.29.7"
+
+[deps]
+Base64 = "2a0f44e3-6c83-55bd-87e4-b1978d98bd5f"
+Contour = "d38c429a-6771-53c6-b99e-75d170b6e991"
+Dates = "ade2ca70-3891-5945-98fb-dc099432e06a"
+FFMPEG = "c87230d0-a227-11e9-1b43-d7ebe4e7570a"
+FixedPointNumbers = "53c48c17-4a7d-5ca2-90c5-79b7896eea93"
+GR = "28b8d3ca-fb5f-59d9-8090-bfdbd6d07a71"
+GeometryTypes = "4d00f742-c7ba-57c2-abde-4428a4b178cb"
+JSON = "682c06a0-de6a-54ab-a142-c8b1cf79cde6"
+LinearAlgebra = "37e2e46d-f89d-539d-b4ee-838fcccc9c8e"
+Measures = "442fdcdd-2543-5da2-b0f3-8c86c306513e"
+NaNMath = "77ba4419-2d1f-58cd-9bb1-8ffee604a2e3"
+Pkg = "44cfe95a-1eb2-52ea-b672-e2afdf69b78f"
+PlotThemes = "ccf2f8ad-2431-5c83-bf29-c5338b663b6a"
+PlotUtils = "995b91a9-d308-5afd-9ec6-746e21dbc043"
+Printf = "de0858da-6303-5e67-8744-51eddeeeb8d7"
+REPL = "3fa0cd96-eef1-5676-8a61-b3b8758bbffb"
+Random = "9a3f8284-a2c9-5f02-9a11-845980a1fd5c"
+RecipePipeline = "01d81517-befc-4cb6-b9ec-a95719d0359c"
+RecipesBase = "3cdcf5f2-1ef4-517c-9805-6587b60abb01"
+Reexport = "189a3867-3050-52da-a836-e630ba90ab69"
+Requires = "ae029012-a4dd-5104-9daa-d747884805df"
+Showoff = "992d4aef-0814-514b-bc4d-f2e9a6c4116f"
+SparseArrays = "2f01184e-e22b-5df5-ae63-d93ebab69eaf"
+Statistics = "10745b16-79ce-11e8-11f9-7d13ad32a3b2"
+StatsBase = "2913bbd2-ae8a-5f71-8c99-4fb6c76f3a91"
+UUIDs = "cf7118a7-6976-5b1a-9a39-7adc72f591a4"
+
+[compat]
+Contour = "0.5"
+FFMPEG = "0.2, 0.3"
+FixedPointNumbers = "0.6, 0.7"
+GR = "0.46, 0.47, 0.48"
+GeometryTypes = "0.7, 0.8"
+JSON = "0.21"
+Measures = "0.3"
+NaNMath = "0.3"
+PGFPlotsX = "1.2.0"
+PlotThemes = "1"
+PlotUtils = "0.6.1"
+RecipesBase = "0.8"
+Reexport = "0.2"
+Requires = "0.5, 1.0"
+Showoff = "0.3.1"
+StatsBase = "0.32"
+julia = "1"
+
+[extras]
+FileIO = "5789e2e9-d7fb-5bc7-8068-2c6fae9b9549"
+GeometryTypes = "4d00f742-c7ba-57c2-abde-4428a4b178cb"
+Gtk = "4c0ca9eb-093a-5379-98c5-f87ac0bbbf44"
+ImageMagick = "6218d12a-5da1-5696-b52f-db25d2ecc6d1"
+Images = "916415d5-f1e6-5110-898d-aaa5f9f070e0"
+LaTeXStrings = "b964fa9f-0449-5b57-a5c2-d3ea65f4040f"
+LibGit2 = "76f85450-5226-5b5a-8eaa-529ad045b433"
+PGFPlotsX = "8314cec4-20b6-5062-9cdb-752b83310925"
+RDatasets = "ce6b1742-4840-55fa-b093-852dadbb1d8b"
+Random = "9a3f8284-a2c9-5f02-9a11-845980a1fd5c"
+StatsPlots = "f3b207a7-027a-5e70-b257-86293d7955fd"
+Test = "8dfed614-e22c-5e08-85e1-65c5234f0b40"
+UnicodePlots = "b8865327-cd53-5732-bb35-84acbb429228"
+VisualRegressionTests = "34922c18-7c2a-561c-bac1-01e79b2c4c92"
+
+[targets]
+test = ["FileIO", "GeometryTypes", "Gtk", "ImageMagick", "Images", "LaTeXStrings", "LibGit2", "PGFPlotsX", "Random", "RDatasets", "StatsPlots", "Test", "UnicodePlots", "VisualRegressionTests"]
@@ -1,17 +1,29 @@
 # Plots

-[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/JuliaPlots/Plots.jl.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/JuliaPlots/Plots.jl)
-[![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/github/juliaplots/plots.jl?branch=master&svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/mkborregaard/plots-jl)
-[![Join the chat at https://gitter.im/tbreloff/Plots.jl](https://badges.gitter.im/tbreloff/Plots.jl.svg)](https://gitter.im/tbreloff/Plots.jl?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
-<a href="http://docs.juliaplots.org/latest/" target="_blank"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-latest-blue.svg" alt="Latest documentation"></a>
-<!-- [![Plots](http://pkg.julialang.org/badges/Plots_0.3.svg)](http://pkg.julialang.org/?pkg=Plots&ver=0.3) -->
-<!-- [![Plots](http://pkg.julialang.org/badges/Plots_0.4.svg)](http://pkg.julialang.org/?pkg=Plots&ver=0.4) -->
-<!-- [![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/tbreloff/Plots.jl/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://coveralls.io/r/tbreloff/Plots.jl?branch=master) -->
-<!-- [![codecov.io](http://codecov.io/github/tbreloff/Plots.jl/coverage.svg?branch=master)](http://codecov.io/github/tbreloff/Plots.jl?branch=master) -->
+[travis-img]: https://img.shields.io/travis/JuliaPlots/Plots.jl?logo=travis
+[travis-url]: https://travis-ci.org/JuliaPlots/Plots.jl
+
+[appveyor-img]: https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/github/juliaplots/plots.jl?branch=master&svg=true
+[appveyor-url]: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/mkborregaard/plots-jl
+
+[pkgeval-img]: https://juliaci.github.io/NanosoldierReports/pkgeval_badges/P/Plots.svg
+[pkgeval-url]: https://juliaci.github.io/NanosoldierReports/pkgeval_badges/report.html
+
+[gitter-img]: https://badges.gitter.im/tbreloff/Plots.jl.svg
+[gitter-url]: https://gitter.im/tbreloff/Plots.jl?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge
+
+[docs-img]: https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-stable-blue.svg
+[docs-url]: http://docs.juliaplots.org/latest/
+
+[![][travis-img]][travis-url]
+[![][appveyor-img]][appveyor-url]
+[![][pkgeval-img]][pkgeval-url]
+[![][gitter-img]][gitter-url]
+[![][docs-img]][docs-url]

 #### Created by Tom Breloff (@tbreloff)

-#### Maintained by the [JuliaPlot members](https://github.com/orgs/JuliaPlots/people)
+#### Maintained by the [JuliaPlots members](https://github.com/orgs/JuliaPlots/people)

 Plots is a plotting API and toolset.  My goals with the package are:

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-julia 1.0
-
-RecipesBase 0.6.0
-PlotUtils 0.4.1
-PlotThemes 0.1.3
-Reexport
-StaticArrays 0.5
-FixedPointNumbers 0.3
-Measures
-Showoff
-StatsBase 0.14.0
-JSON
-NaNMath
-Requires
-Contour
-GR 0.31.0
@@ -1,14 +1,27 @@
 environment:
  matrix:
-  # - JULIA_URL: "https://julialang-s3.julialang.org/bin/winnt/x86/0.7/julia-0.7-latest-win32.exe"
-  # - JULIA_URL: "https://julialang-s3.julialang.org/bin/winnt/x64/0.7/julia-0.7-latest-win64.exe"
-  - JULIA_URL: "https://julialangnightlies-s3.julialang.org/bin/winnt/x86/julia-latest-win32.exe"
-  - JULIA_URL: "https://julialangnightlies-s3.julialang.org/bin/winnt/x64/julia-latest-win64.exe"
+  # - julia_version: 0.7
+  - julia_version: 1
+  - julia_version: 1.3
+  - julia_version: nightly

-# matrix:
-#   allow_failures:
-#   - JULIA_URL: "https://julialangnightlies-s3.julialang.org/bin/winnt/x86/julia-latest-win32.exe"
-#   - JULIA_URL: "https://julialangnightlies-s3.julialang.org/bin/winnt/x64/julia-latest-win64.exe"
+platform:
+  - x86 # 32-bit
+  - x64 # 64-bit
+
+# # Uncomment the following lines to allow failures on nightly julia
+# # (tests will run but not make your overall status red)
+matrix:
+  allow_failures:
+  - julia_version: nightly
+
+branches:
+  only:
+    - master
+    - /release-.*/
+
+cache:
+  - '%USERPROFILE%\.julia\artifacts'

 notifications:
  - provider: Email
@@ -17,25 +30,18 @@ notifications:
    on_build_status_changed: false

 install:
-  - ps: "[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12"
-# If there's a newer build queued for the same PR, cancel this one
-  - ps: if ($env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER -and $env:APPVEYOR_BUILD_NUMBER -ne ((Invoke-RestMethod `
-        https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/$env:APPVEYOR_ACCOUNT_NAME/$env:APPVEYOR_PROJECT_SLUG/history?recordsNumber=50).builds | `
-        Where-Object pullRequestId -eq $env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER)[0].buildNumber) { `
-        throw "There are newer queued builds for this pull request, failing early." }
-# Download most recent Julia Windows binary
-  - ps: (new-object net.webclient).DownloadFile($env:JULIA_URL, "C:\projects\julia-binary.exe")
-# Run installer silently, output to C:\projects\julia
-  - C:\projects\julia-binary.exe /S /D=C:\projects\julia
+  - ps: iex ((new-object net.webclient).DownloadString("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/JuliaCI/Appveyor.jl/version-1/bin/install.ps1"))

 build_script:
-# Need to convert from shallow to complete for Pkg.clone to work
-  - IF EXIST .git\shallow (git fetch --unshallow)
-  - C:\projects\julia\bin\julia -e "
-    using InteractiveUtils, Pkg;
-    versioninfo();
-    Pkg.clone(pwd(), \"Plots\");
-    Pkg.build(\"Plots\")"
+  - echo "%JL_BUILD_SCRIPT%"
+  - C:\julia\bin\julia -e "%JL_BUILD_SCRIPT%"

 test_script:
-  - C:\projects\julia\bin\julia -e "using Pkg; Pkg.test(\"Plots\")"
+  - echo "%JL_TEST_SCRIPT%"
+  - C:\julia\bin\julia -e "%JL_TEST_SCRIPT%"
+
+# # Uncomment to support code coverage upload. Should only be enabled for packages
+# # which would have coverage gaps without running on Windows
+# on_success:
+#   - echo "%JL_CODECOV_SCRIPT%"
+#   - C:\julia\bin\julia -e "%JL_CODECOV_SCRIPT%"
@@ -1,8 +1,18 @@

 #TODO: download https://cdn.plot.ly/plotly-latest.min.js to deps/ if it doesn't exist
-
-local_fn = joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__), "plotly-latest.min.js")
-if !isfile(local_fn)
-	@info("Cannot find deps/plotly-latest.min.js... downloading latest version.")
-	download("https://cdn.plot.ly/plotly-latest.min.js", local_fn)
+file_path = ""
+if get(ENV, "PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL", "false") == "true"
+    global file_path
+    local_fn = joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__), "plotly-latest.min.js")
+    if !isfile(local_fn)
+        @info("Cannot find deps/plotly-latest.min.js... downloading latest version.")
+        download("https://cdn.plot.ly/plotly-latest.min.js", local_fn)
+        isfile(local_fn) && (file_path = local_fn)
+    else
+        file_path = local_fn
+    end
+end
+
+open("deps.jl", "w") do io
+    println(io, "const plotly_local_file_path = $(repr(file_path))")
 end
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# To figure out what should be precompiled, run this script, then move
+# precompile_Plots.jl in precompiles_path (see below) to src/precompile.jl
+
+# This script works by using SnoopCompile to log compilations that take place
+# while running the examples on the GR backend. So SnoopCompile must be
+# installed, and StatsPlots, RDatasets, and FileIO are also required for
+# certain examples.
+
+# If precompilation fails with an UndefVarError for a module, probably what is
+# happening is that the module appears in the precompile statements, but is
+# only visible to one of Plots' dependencies, and not Plots itself. Adding the
+# module to the blacklist below will remove these precompile statements.
+
+# Anonymous functions may appear in precompile statements as functions with
+# hashes in their name. Those of the form "#something##kw" have to do with
+# compiling functions with keyword arguments, and are named reproducibly, so
+# can be kept. Others generally will not work. Currently, SnoopCompile includes
+# some anonymous functions that not reproducible, but SnoopCompile PR #30
+# (which looks about to be merged) will ensure that anonymous functions are
+# actually defined before attempting to precompile them. Alternatively, we can
+# keep only the keyword argument related anonymous functions by changing the
+# regex that SnoopCompile uses to detect anonymous functions to
+# r"#{1,2}[^\"#]+#{1,2}\d+" (see anonrex in SnoopCompile.jl). To exclude all
+# precompile statements involving anonymous functions, "#" can also be added to
+# the blacklist below.
+
+using SnoopCompile
+
+log_path = joinpath(tempdir(), "compiles.log")
+precompiles_path = joinpath(tempdir(), "precompile")
+
+# run examples with GR backend, logging what needs to be compiled
+SnoopCompile.@snoopc log_path begin
+    using Plots
+    Plots.test_examples(:gr, disp=true)
+end
+
+# precompile calls containing the following strings are dropped
+blacklist = [
+    # functions defined in examples
+    "PlotExampleModule",
+    # the following are not visible to Plots, only its dependencies
+    "CategoricalArrays",
+    "FixedPointNumbers",
+    "SparseArrays",
+    r"#{1,2}[^\"#]+#{1,2}\d+",
+]
+
+data = SnoopCompile.read(log_path)
+pc = SnoopCompile.parcel(reverse!(data[2]), blacklist=blacklist)
+SnoopCompile.write(precompiles_path, pc)
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-git checkout master
-git merge --ff-only dev
-git push origin master
-git checkout dev
@@ -1,23 +1,62 @@
 module Plots

+const _current_plots_version = VersionNumber(split(first(filter(line -> occursin("version", line), readlines(normpath(@__DIR__, "..", "Project.toml")))), "\"")[2])
+
 using Reexport

-import StaticArrays
-using StaticArrays.FixedSizeArrays
-using Dates, Printf, Statistics, Base64, LinearAlgebra
+import GeometryTypes
+using Dates, Printf, Statistics, Base64, LinearAlgebra, Random
 import SparseArrays: findnz

+using FFMPEG
+
@reexport using RecipesBase
-import RecipesBase: plot, plot!, animate
+import RecipesBase: plot, plot!, animate, is_explicit
 using Base.Meta
@reexport using PlotUtils
@reexport using PlotThemes
 import Showoff
 import StatsBase
 import JSON
+import RecipePipeline:
+    _process_userrecipe,
+    _process_plotrecipe,
+    _process_seriesrecipe,
+    _preprocess_args,
+    preprocessArgs!,
+    is_st_supported,
+    finalize_subplot!,
+    recipe_pipeline!,
+    _recipe_init!,
+    _recipe_after_user!,
+    _recipe_after_plot!,
+    _recipe_before_series!,
+    _recipe_finish!,
+    is_st_supported,
+    Formatted,
+    SliceIt,
+    FuncOrFuncs,
+    MaybeNumber,
+    MaybeString,
+    DataPoint,
+    trueOrAllTrue,
+    Surface,
+    AbstractSurface,
+    Volume

 using Requires

+if isfile(joinpath(@__DIR__, "..", "deps", "deps.jl"))
+    include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "..", "deps", "deps.jl"))
+else
+    # This is a bit dirty, but I don't really see why anyone should be forced
+    # to build Plots, while it will just include exactly the below line
+    # as long as `ENV["PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL"] = "true"` is not set.
+    # If the above env is set + `plotly_local_file_path == ""``,
+    # it will warn in the __init__ function to run build
+    const plotly_local_file_path = ""
+end
+
 export
    grid,
    bbox,
@@ -72,7 +111,6 @@ export
    backends,
    backend_name,
    backend_object,
-    add_backend,
    aliases,

    Shape,
@@ -168,99 +206,15 @@ include("arg_desc.jl")
 include("plotattr.jl")
 include("backends.jl")
 include("output.jl")
+include("ijulia.jl")
+include("fileio.jl")
 include("init.jl")

-# ---------------------------------------------------------
+include("backends/plotly.jl")
+include("backends/gr.jl")
+include("backends/web.jl")

-@shorthands scatter
-@shorthands bar
-@shorthands barh
-@shorthands histogram
-@shorthands barhist
-@shorthands stephist
-@shorthands scatterhist
-@shorthands histogram2d
-@shorthands density
-@shorthands heatmap
-@shorthands plots_heatmap
-@shorthands hexbin
-@shorthands sticks
-@shorthands hline
-@shorthands vline
-@shorthands hspan
-@shorthands vspan
-@shorthands ohlc
-@shorthands contour
-@shorthands contourf
-@shorthands contour3d
-@shorthands surface
-@shorthands wireframe
-@shorthands path3d
-@shorthands scatter3d
-@shorthands boxplot
-@shorthands violin
-@shorthands quiver
-@shorthands curves
-
-"Plot a pie diagram"
-pie(args...; kw...)        = plot(args...; kw...,  seriestype = :pie, aspect_ratio = :equal, grid=false, xticks=nothing, yticks=nothing)
-pie!(args...; kw...)       = plot!(args...; kw..., seriestype = :pie, aspect_ratio = :equal, grid=false, xticks=nothing, yticks=nothing)
-
-"Plot with seriestype :path3d"
-plot3d(args...; kw...)     = plot(args...; kw...,  seriestype = :path3d)
-plot3d!(args...; kw...)    = plot!(args...; kw..., seriestype = :path3d)
-
-"Add title to an existing plot"
-title!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                 = plot!(; title = s, kw...)
-
-"Add xlabel to an existing plot"
-xlabel!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                = plot!(; xlabel = s, kw...)
-
-"Add ylabel to an existing plot"
-ylabel!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                = plot!(; ylabel = s, kw...)
-
-"Set xlims for an existing plot"
-xlims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; xlims = lims, kw...)
-
-"Set ylims for an existing plot"
-ylims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; ylims = lims, kw...)
-
-"Set zlims for an existing plot"
-zlims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; zlims = lims, kw...)
-
-xlims!(xmin::Real, xmax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; xlims = (xmin,xmax), kw...)
-ylims!(ymin::Real, ymax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; ylims = (ymin,ymax), kw...)
-zlims!(zmin::Real, zmax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; zlims = (zmin,zmax), kw...)
-
-
-"Set xticks for an existing plot"
-xticks!(v::TicksArgs; kw...) where {T<:Real}                       = plot!(; xticks = v, kw...)
-
-"Set yticks for an existing plot"
-yticks!(v::TicksArgs; kw...) where {T<:Real}                       = plot!(; yticks = v, kw...)
-
-xticks!(
-ticks::AVec{T}, labels::AVec{S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:AbstractString}     = plot!(; xticks = (ticks,labels), kw...)
-yticks!(
-ticks::AVec{T}, labels::AVec{S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:AbstractString}     = plot!(; yticks = (ticks,labels), kw...)
-
-"Add annotations to an existing plot"
-annotate!(anns...; kw...)                                 = plot!(; annotation = anns, kw...)
-annotate!(anns::AVec{T}; kw...) where {T<:Tuple}                 = plot!(; annotation = anns, kw...)
-
-"Flip the current plots' x axis"
-xflip!(flip::Bool = true; kw...)                          = plot!(; xflip = flip, kw...)
-
-"Flip the current plots' y axis"
-yflip!(flip::Bool = true; kw...)                          = plot!(; yflip = flip, kw...)
-
-"Specify x axis attributes for an existing plot"
-xaxis!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; xaxis = args, kw...)
-
-"Specify x axis attributes for an existing plot"
-yaxis!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; yaxis = args, kw...)
-xgrid!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; xgrid = args, kw...)
-ygrid!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; ygrid = args, kw...)
+include("shorthands.jl")

 let PlotOrSubplot = Union{Plot, Subplot}
    global title!(plt::PlotOrSubplot, s::AbstractString; kw...)                  = plot!(plt; title = s, kw...)
@@ -293,4 +247,7 @@ end

 const CURRENT_BACKEND = CurrentBackend(:none)

+# include("precompile.jl")
+# _precompile_()
+
 end # module
@@ -60,31 +60,39 @@ end

 file_extension(fn) = Base.Filesystem.splitext(fn)[2][2:end]

-gif(anim::Animation, fn = giffn(); kw...) = buildanimation(anim.dir, fn; kw...)
-mov(anim::Animation, fn = movfn(); kw...) = buildanimation(anim.dir, fn, false; kw...)
-mp4(anim::Animation, fn = mp4fn(); kw...) = buildanimation(anim.dir, fn, false; kw...)
+gif(anim::Animation, fn = giffn(); kw...) = buildanimation(anim, fn; kw...)
+mov(anim::Animation, fn = movfn(); kw...) = buildanimation(anim, fn, false; kw...)
+mp4(anim::Animation, fn = mp4fn(); kw...) = buildanimation(anim, fn, false; kw...)

+ffmpeg_framerate(fps) = "$fps"
+ffmpeg_framerate(fps::Rational) = "$(fps.num)/$(fps.den)"

-function buildanimation(animdir::AbstractString, fn::AbstractString,
+function buildanimation(anim::Animation, fn::AbstractString,
                        is_animated_gif::Bool=true;
-                        fps::Integer = 20, loop::Integer = 0,
+                        fps::Real = 20, loop::Integer = 0,
                        variable_palette::Bool=false,
                        show_msg::Bool=true)
-    fn = abspath(fn)
+    if length(anim.frames) == 0
+        throw(ArgumentError("Cannot build empty animations"))
+    end
+
+    fn = abspath(expanduser(fn))
+    animdir = anim.dir
+    framerate = ffmpeg_framerate(fps)

    if is_animated_gif
        if variable_palette
            # generate a colorpalette for each frame for highest quality, but larger filesize
            palette="palettegen=stats_mode=single[pal],[0:v][pal]paletteuse=new=1"
-            run(`ffmpeg -v 0 -framerate $fps -loop $loop -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -lavfi "$palette" -y $fn`)
+            ffmpeg_exe(`-v 0 -framerate $framerate -loop $loop -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -lavfi "$palette" -y $fn`)
        else
            # generate a colorpalette first so ffmpeg does not have to guess it
-            run(`ffmpeg -v 0 -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -vf "palettegen=stats_mode=diff" -y "$(animdir)/palette.bmp"`)
+            ffmpeg_exe(`-v 0 -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -vf "palettegen=stats_mode=diff" -y "$(animdir)/palette.bmp"`)
            # then apply the palette to get better results
-            run(`ffmpeg -v 0 -framerate $fps -loop $loop -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -i "$(animdir)/palette.bmp" -lavfi "paletteuse=dither=sierra2_4a" -y $fn`)
+            ffmpeg_exe(` -v 0 -framerate $framerate -loop $loop -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -i "$(animdir)/palette.bmp" -lavfi "paletteuse=dither=sierra2_4a" -y $fn`)
        end
    else
-        run(`ffmpeg -v 0 -framerate $fps -loop $loop -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -pix_fmt yuv420p -y $fn`)
+        ffmpeg_exe(`-v 0 -framerate $framerate -loop $loop -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -pix_fmt yuv420p -y $fn`)
    end

    show_msg && @info("Saved animation to ", fn)
@@ -93,16 +101,30 @@ end



-# write out html to view the gif... note the rand call which is a hack so the image doesn't get cached
+# write out html to view the gif
 function Base.show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", agif::AnimatedGif)
    ext = file_extension(agif.filename)
-    write(io, if ext == "gif"
-        "<img src=\"$(relpath(agif.filename))?$(rand())>\" />"
+    if ext == "gif"
+        html = "<img src=\"data:image/gif;base64," * base64encode(read(agif.filename)) * "\" />"
    elseif ext in ("mov", "mp4")
-        "<video controls><source src=\"$(relpath(agif.filename))?$(rand())>\" type=\"video/$ext\"></video>"
+        mimetype = ext == "mov" ? "video/quicktime" : "video/mp4"
+        html = "<video controls><source src=\"data:$mimetype;base64," *
+               base64encode(read(agif.filename)) *
+               "\" type = \"$mimetype\"></video>"
    else
        error("Cannot show animation with extension $ext: $agif")
-    end)
+    end
+
+    write(io, html)
+    return nothing
+end
+
+
+# Only gifs can be shown via image/gif
+Base.showable(::MIME"image/gif", agif::AnimatedGif) = file_extension(agif.filename) == "gif"
+
+function Base.show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/gif", agif::AnimatedGif)
+    open(fio-> write(io, fio), agif.filename)
 end


@@ -141,16 +163,16 @@ function _animate(forloop::Expr, args...; callgif = false)
    error("Unsupported animate filter: $args")
  end

-  push!(block.args, :(if $filterexpr; frame($animsym); end))
+  push!(block.args, :(if $filterexpr; Plots.frame($animsym); end))
  push!(block.args, :(global $countersym += 1))

  # add a final call to `gif(anim)`?
-  retval = callgif ? :(gif($animsym)) : animsym
+  retval = callgif ? :(Plots.gif($animsym)) : animsym

  # full expression:
  esc(quote
    $freqassert             # if filtering, check frequency is an Integer > 0
-    $animsym = Animation()  # init animation object
+    $animsym = Plots.Animation()  # init animation object
    global $countersym = 1         # init iteration counter
    $forloop                # for loop, saving a frame after each iteration
    $retval                 # return the animation object, or the gif
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 const _arg_desc = KW(

 # series args
-:label 				=> "String type. The label for a series, which appears in a legend.  If empty, no legend entry is added.",
+:label 			=> "String type. The label for a series, which appears in a legend.  If empty, no legend entry is added.",
 :seriescolor 		=> "Color Type. The base color for this series.  `:auto` (the default) will select a color from the subplot's `color_palette`, based on the order it was added to the subplot",
 :seriesalpha 		=> "Number in [0,1]. The alpha/opacity override for the series.  `nothing` (the default) means it will take the alpha value of the color.",
 :seriestype 		=> "Symbol. This is the identifier of the type of visualization for this series. Choose from $(_allTypes) or any series recipes which are defined.",
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :linewidth         	=> "Number. Width of the line (in pixels)",
 :linecolor         	=> "Color Type. Color of the line (for path and bar stroke).  `:match` will take the value from `:seriescolor`, (though histogram/bar types use `:black` as a default).",
 :linealpha         	=> "Number in [0,1]. The alpha/opacity override for the line.  `nothing` (the default) means it will take the alpha value of linecolor.",
-:fillrange         	=> "Number or AbstractVector.  Fills area from this to y for line-types, sets the base for bar/stick types, and similar for other types.",
+:fillrange         	=> "Number or AbstractVector.  Fills area between fillrange and y for line-types, sets the base for bar/stick types, and similar for other types.",
 :fillcolor         	=> "Color Type. Color of the filled area of path or bar types.  `:match` will take the value from `:seriescolor`.",
 :fillalpha         	=> "Number in [0,1]. The alpha/opacity override for the fill area.  `nothing` (the default) means it will take the alpha value of fillcolor.",
 :markershape       	=> "Symbol, Shape, or AbstractVector. Choose from $(_allMarkers).",
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :markerstrokewidth 	=> "Number. Width of the marker stroke (border. in pixels)",
 :markerstrokecolor 	=> "Color Type. Color of the marker stroke (border).  `:match` will take the value from `:foreground_color_subplot`.",
 :markerstrokealpha 	=> "Number in [0,1]. The alpha/opacity override for the marker stroke (border).  `nothing` (the default) means it will take the alpha value of markerstrokecolor.",
-:bins              	=> "Integer, NTuple{2,Integer}, AbstractVector or Symbol. Default is :auto (the Freedman-Diaconis rule). For histogram-types, defines the approximate number of bins to aim for, or the auto-binning algorithm to use (:sturges, :sqrt, :rice, :scott or :fd). For fine-grained control pass a Vector of break values, e.g. `range(min(x), stop = extrema(x), length = 25)`",
+:bins              	=> "Integer, NTuple{2,Integer}, AbstractVector or Symbol. Default is :auto (the Freedman-Diaconis rule). For histogram-types, defines the approximate number of bins to aim for, or the auto-binning algorithm to use (:sturges, :sqrt, :rice, :scott or :fd). For fine-grained control pass a Vector of break values, e.g. `range(minimum(x), stop = maximum(x), length = 25)`",
 :smooth            	=> "Bool.  Add a regression line?",
 :group             	=> "AbstractVector. Data is split into a separate series, one for each unique value in `group`.",
 :x                 	=> "Various. Input data. First Dimension",
@@ -29,26 +29,28 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :z                 	=> "Various. Input data. Third Dimension. May be wrapped by a `Surface` for surface and heatmap types.",
 :marker_z          	=> "AbstractVector, Function `f(x,y,z) -> z_value`, or Function `f(x,y) -> z_value`, or nothing. z-values for each series data point, which correspond to the color to be used from a markercolor gradient.",
 :line_z          	=> "AbstractVector, Function `f(x,y,z) -> z_value`, or Function `f(x,y) -> z_value`, or nothing. z-values for each series line segment, which correspond to the color to be used from a linecolor gradient.  Note that for N points, only the first N-1 values are used (one per line-segment).",
-:fill_z           => "Matrix{Float64} of the same size as z matrix, which specifies the color of the 3D surface; the default value is `nothing`.",
-:levels            	=> "Integer, NTuple{2,Integer}. Number of levels (or x-levels/y-levels) for a contour type.",
+:fill_z                 => "Matrix{Float64} of the same size as z matrix, which specifies the color of the 3D surface; the default value is `nothing`.",
+:levels            	=> "Integer, NTuple{2,Integer}, or AbstractVector. Levels or number of levels (or x-levels/y-levels) for a contour type.",
 :orientation       	=> "Symbol.  Horizontal or vertical orientation for bar types.  Values `:h`, `:hor`, `:horizontal` correspond to horizontal (sideways, anchored to y-axis), and `:v`, `:vert`, and `:vertical` correspond to vertical (the default).",
 :bar_position      	=> "Symbol.  Choose from `:overlay` (default), `:stack`.  (warning: May not be implemented fully)",
-:bar_width         	=> "nothing or Number. Width of bars in data coordinates. When nothing, chooses based on x (or y when `orientation = :h`).",
-:bar_edges         	=> "Bool.  Align bars to edges (true), or centers (the default)?",
-:xerror            	=> "AbstractVector or 2-Tuple of Vectors. x (horizontal) error relative to x-value.  If 2-tuple of vectors, the first vector corresponds to the left error (and the second to the right)",
+:bar_width              => "nothing or Number. Width of bars in data coordinates. When nothing, chooses based on x (or y when `orientation = :h`).",
+:bar_edges              => "Bool.  Align bars to edges (true), or centers (the default)?",
+:xerror                 => "AbstractVector or 2-Tuple of Vectors. x (horizontal) error relative to x-value.  If 2-tuple of vectors, the first vector corresponds to the left error (and the second to the right)",
 :yerror            	=> "AbstractVector or 2-Tuple of Vectors. y (vertical) error relative to y-value.  If 2-tuple of vectors, the first vector corresponds to the bottom error (and the second to the top)",
 :ribbon            	=> "Number or AbstractVector.  Creates a fillrange around the data points.",
 :quiver            	=> "AbstractVector or 2-Tuple of vectors.  The directional vectors U,V which specify velocity/gradient vectors for a quiver plot.",
 :arrow             	=> "nothing (no arrows), Bool (if true, default arrows), Arrow object, or arg(s) that could be style or head length/widths.  Defines arrowheads that should be displayed at the end of path line segments (just before a NaN and the last non-NaN point).  Used in quiverplot, streamplot, or similar.",
 :normalize         	=> "Bool or Symbol. Histogram normalization mode. Possible values are: false/:none (no normalization, default), true/:pdf (normalize to a discrete Probability Density Function, where the total area of the bins is 1), :probability (bin heights sum to 1) and :density (the area of each bin, rather than the height, is equal to the counts - useful for uneven bin sizes).",
 :weights           	=> "AbstractVector. Used in histogram types for weighted counts.",
+:show_empty_bins    => "Bool. Whether empty bins in a 2D histogram are colored as 0 (true), or transparent (the default).",
 :contours          	=> "Bool. Add contours to the side-grids of 3D plots?  Used in surface/wireframe.",
-:contour_labels     => "Bool. Show labels at the contour lines?",
+:contour_labels         => "Bool. Show labels at the contour lines?",
 :match_dimensions  	=> "Bool. For heatmap types... should the first dimension of a matrix (rows) correspond to the first dimension of the plot (x-axis)?  The default is false, which matches the behavior of Matplotlib, Plotly, and others.  Note: when passing a function for z, the function should still map `(x,y) -> z`.",
 :subplot           	=> "Integer (subplot index) or Subplot object.  The subplot that this series belongs to.",
-:series_annotations => "AbstractVector of String or PlotText.  These are annotations which are mapped to data points/positions.",
-:primary            => "Bool.  Does this count as a 'real series'?  For example, you could have a path (primary), and a scatter (secondary) as 2 separate series, maybe with different data (see sticks recipe for an example).  The secondary series will get the same color, etc as the primary.",
-:hover 				=> "nothing or vector of strings. Text to display when hovering over each data point.",
+:series_annotations     => "AbstractVector of String or PlotText.  These are annotations which are mapped to data points/positions.",
+:primary                => "Bool.  Does this count as a 'real series'?  For example, you could have a path (primary), and a scatter (secondary) as 2 separate series, maybe with different data (see sticks recipe for an example).  The secondary series will get the same color, etc as the primary.",
+:hover 	        	=> "nothing or vector of strings. Text to display when hovering over each data point.",
+:colorbar_entry   => "Bool.  Include this series in the color bar?  Set to `false` to exclude.",

 # plot args
 :plot_title               => "String. Title for the whole plot (not the subplots) (Note: Not currently implemented)",
@@ -63,11 +65,12 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :link                     => "Symbol.  How/whether to link axis limits between subplots. Values: `:none`, `:x` (x axes are linked by columns), `:y` (y axes are linked by rows), `:both` (x and y are linked), `:all` (every subplot is linked together regardless of layout position).",
 :overwrite_figure         => "Bool.  Should we reuse the same GUI window/figure when plotting (true) or open a new one (false).",
 :html_output_format       => "Symbol.  When writing html output, what is the format?  `:png` and `:svg` are currently supported.",
-:inset_subplots 		  => "nothing or vector of 2-tuple (parent,bbox).  optionally pass a vector of (parent,bbox) tuples which are the parent layout and the relative bounding box of inset subplots",
-:dpi 					  => "Number.  Dots Per Inch of output figures",
+:tex_output_standalone    => "Bool. When writing tex output, should the source include a preamble for a standalone document class.",
+:inset_subplots           => "nothing or vector of 2-tuple (parent,bbox).  optionally pass a vector of (parent,bbox) tuples which are the parent layout and the relative bounding box of inset subplots",
+:dpi 			  => "Number.  Dots Per Inch of output figures",
 :thickness_scaling        => "Number. Scale for the thickness of all line elements like lines, borders, axes, grid lines, ... defaults to 1.",
-:display_type 			  => "Symbol (`:auto`, `:gui`, or `:inline`).  When supported, `display` will either open a GUI window or plot inline.",
-:extra_kwargs 			  => "KW (Dict{Symbol,Any}).  Pass a map of extra keyword args which may be specific to a backend.",
+:display_type             => "Symbol (`:auto`, `:gui`, or `:inline`).  When supported, `display` will either open a GUI window or plot inline.",
+:extra_kwargs 	          => "KW (Dict{Symbol,Any}).  Pass a map of extra keyword args which may be specific to a backend.",
 :fontfamily               => "String or Symbol.  Default font family for title, legend entries, tick labels and guides",

 # subplot args
@@ -93,12 +96,19 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :legendfontvalign         => "Symbol. Font vertical alignment of legend entries: :vcenter, :top, :bottom or :center",
 :legendfontrotation       => "Real. Font rotation of legend entries",
 :legendfontcolor          => "Color Type. Font color of legend entries",
+:legendtitlefontfamily    => "String or Symbol. Font family of the legend title.",
+:legendtitlefontsize           => "Integer. Font pointsize the legend title.",
+:legendtitlefonthalign         => "Symbol. Font horizontal alignment of the legend title: :hcenter, :left, :right or :center",
+:legendtitlefontvalign         => "Symbol. Font vertical alignment of the legend title: :vcenter, :top, :bottom or :center",
+:legendtitlefontrotation       => "Real. Font rotation of the legend title",
+:legendtitlefontcolor          => "Color Type. Font color of the legend title",
 :colorbar                 => "Bool (show the colorbar?) or Symbol (colorbar position).  Symbol values: `:none`, `:best`, `:right`, `:left`, `:top`, `:bottom`, `:legend` (matches legend value) (note: only some may be supported in each backend)",
 :clims 					  => "`:auto` or NTuple{2,Number}.  Fixes the limits of the colorbar.",
 :legendfont               => "Font. Font of legend items.",
+:legendtitlefont          => "Font. Font of the legend title.",
 :annotations              => "(x,y,text) tuple(s).  Can be a single tuple or a list of them.  Text can be String or PlotText (created with `text(args...)`)  Add one-off text annotations at the x,y coordinates.",
 :projection               => "Symbol or String.  '3d' or 'polar'",
-:aspect_ratio             => "Symbol (:equal) or Number. Plot area is resized so that 1 y-unit is the same size as `apect_ratio` x-units.",
+:aspect_ratio             => "Symbol (:equal) or Number. Plot area is resized so that 1 y-unit is the same size as `aspect_ratio` x-units.",
 :margin                   => "Measure (multiply by `mm`, `px`, etc). Base for individual margins... not directly used.  Specifies the extra padding around subplots.",
 :left_margin              => "Measure (multiply by `mm`, `px`, etc) or `:match` (matches `:margin`).  Specifies the extra padding to the left of the subplot.",
 :top_margin               => "Measure (multiply by `mm`, `px`, etc) or `:match` (matches `:margin`).  Specifies the extra padding on the top of the subplot.",
@@ -110,13 +120,14 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :camera                   => "NTuple{2, Real}. Sets the view angle (azimuthal, elevation) for 3D plots",

 # axis args
-:guide     				  => "String. Axis guide (label).",
-:lims      				  => "NTuple{2,Number} or Symbol. Force axis limits.  Only finite values are used (you can set only the right limit with `xlims = (-Inf, 2)` for example). `:round` widens the limit to the nearest round number ie. [0.1,3.6]=>[0.0,4.0]",
-:ticks     				  => "Vector of numbers (set the tick values), Tuple of (tickvalues, ticklabels), or `:auto`",
-:scale     				  => "Symbol. Scale of the axis: `:none`, `:ln`, `:log2`, `:log10`",
-:rotation  				  => "Number. Degrees rotation of tick labels.",
-:flip      				  => "Bool.  Should we flip (reverse) the axis?",
-:formatter 				  => "Function, :scientific, or :auto. A method which converts a number to a string for tick labeling.",
+:guide     		  => "String. Axis guide (label).",
+:guide_position		  => "Symbol. Position of axis guides: :top, :bottom, :left or :right",
+:lims      		  => "NTuple{2,Number} or Symbol. Force axis limits.  Only finite values are used (you can set only the right limit with `xlims = (-Inf, 2)` for example). `:round` widens the limit to the nearest round number ie. [0.1,3.6]=>[0.0,4.0]",
+:ticks     		  => "Vector of numbers (set the tick values), Tuple of (tickvalues, ticklabels), or `:auto`",
+:scale     		  => "Symbol. Scale of the axis: `:none`, `:ln`, `:log2`, `:log10`",
+:rotation  		  => "Number. Degrees rotation of tick labels.",
+:flip      		  => "Bool.  Should we flip (reverse) the axis?",
+:formatter                => "Function, :scientific, :plain or :auto. A method which converts a number to a string for tick labeling.",
 :tickfontfamily           => "String or Symbol. Font family of tick labels.",
 :tickfontsize             => "Integer. Font pointsize of tick labels.",
 :tickfonthalign           => "Symbol. Font horizontal alignment of tick labels: :hcenter, :left, :right or :center",
@@ -148,4 +159,5 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :tick_direction           => "Symbol.  Direction of the ticks. `:in` or `:out`",
 :showaxis                 => "Bool, Symbol or String.  Show the axis. `true`, `false`, `:show`, `:hide`, `:yes`, `:no`, `:x`, `:y`, `:z`, `:xy`, ..., `:all`, `:off`",
 :widen                    => "Bool. Widen the axis limits by a small factor to avoid cut-off markers and lines at the borders. Defaults to `true`.",
+:draw_arrow               => "Bool. Draw arrow at the end of the axis.",
 )
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ like_surface(seriestype::Symbol)   = seriestype in _surface_like

 is3d(seriestype::Symbol) = seriestype in _3dTypes
 is3d(series::Series) = is3d(series.plotattributes)
-is3d(plotattributes::KW) = trueOrAllTrue(is3d, Symbol(plotattributes[:seriestype]))
+is3d(plotattributes::AKW) = trueOrAllTrue(is3d, Symbol(plotattributes[:seriestype]))

 is3d(sp::Subplot) = string(sp.attr[:projection]) == "3d"
 ispolar(sp::Subplot) = string(sp.attr[:projection]) == "polar"
@@ -232,6 +232,7 @@ const _bar_width = 0.8

 const _series_defaults = KW(
    :label             => "AUTO",
+    :colorbar_entry    => true,
    :seriescolor       => :auto,
    :seriesalpha       => nothing,
    :seriestype        => :path,
@@ -271,6 +272,7 @@ const _series_defaults = KW(
    :arrow             => nothing,   # allows for adding arrows to line/path... call `arrow(args...)`
    :normalize         => false,     # do we want a normalized histogram?
    :weights           => nothing,   # optional weights for histograms (1D and 2D)
+    :show_empty_bins   => false,     # should empty bins in 2D histogram be colored as zero (otherwise they are transparent)
    :contours          => false,     # add contours to 3d surface and wireframe plots
    :contour_labels    => false,
    :match_dimensions  => false,     # do rows match x (true) or y (false) for heatmap/image/spy? see issue 196
@@ -298,6 +300,7 @@ const _plot_defaults = KW(
    :link                        => :none,
    :overwrite_figure            => true,
    :html_output_format          => :auto,
+    :tex_output_standalone       => false,
    :inset_subplots              => nothing,   # optionally pass a vector of (parent,bbox) tuples which are
                                               # the parent layout and the relative bounding box of inset subplots
    :dpi                         => DPI,        # dots per inch for images, etc
@@ -334,9 +337,15 @@ const _subplot_defaults = KW(
    :legendfontvalign         => :vcenter,
    :legendfontrotation       => 0.0,
    :legendfontcolor          => :match,
+    :legendtitlefontfamily    => :match,
+    :legendtitlefontsize      => 11,
+    :legendtitlefonthalign    => :hcenter,
+    :legendtitlefontvalign    => :vcenter,
+    :legendtitlefontrotation  => 0.0,
+    :legendtitlefontcolor     => :match,
    :annotations              => [],                # annotation tuples... list of (x,y,annotation)
    :projection               => :none,             # can also be :polar or :3d
-    :aspect_ratio             => :none,             # choose from :none or :equal
+    :aspect_ratio             => :auto,             # choose from :none or :equal
    :margin                   => 1mm,
    :left_margin              => :match,
    :top_margin               => :match,
@@ -350,6 +359,7 @@ const _subplot_defaults = KW(

 const _axis_defaults = KW(
    :guide     => "",
+    :guide_position => :auto,
    :lims      => :auto,
    :ticks     => :auto,
    :scale     => :identity,
@@ -389,6 +399,7 @@ const _axis_defaults = KW(
    :minorgrid                => false,
    :showaxis                 => true,
    :widen                    => true,
+    :draw_arrow               => false,
 )

 const _suppress_warnings = Set{Symbol}([
@@ -407,37 +418,26 @@ const _suppress_warnings = Set{Symbol}([

 # add defaults for the letter versions
 const _axis_defaults_byletter = KW()
-for letter in (:x,:y,:z)
-    for k in keys(_axis_defaults)
-    # for k in (
-    #             :guide,
-    #             :lims,
-    #             :ticks,
-    #             :scale,
-    #             :rotation,
-    #             :flip,
-    #             :link,
-    #             :tickfont,
-    #             :guidefont,
-    #             :foreground_color_axis,
-    #             :foreground_color_border,
-    #             :foreground_color_text,
-    #             :foreground_color_guide,
-    #             :discrete_values,
-    #             :formatter,
-    #         )
-        _axis_defaults_byletter[Symbol(letter,k)] = :match

-        # allow the underscore version too: xguide or x_guide
-        add_aliases(Symbol(letter, k), Symbol(letter, "_", k))
+function reset_axis_defaults_byletter!()
+    for letter in (:x,:y,:z)
+        _axis_defaults_byletter[letter] = KW()
+        for (k,v) in _axis_defaults
+            _axis_defaults_byletter[letter][k] = v
+        end
    end
 end
+reset_axis_defaults_byletter!()
+
+for letter in (:x,:y,:z), k in keys(_axis_defaults)
+    # allow the underscore version too: xguide or x_guide
+    add_aliases(Symbol(letter, k), Symbol(letter, "_", k))
+end

 const _all_defaults = KW[
    _series_defaults,
    _plot_defaults,
-    _subplot_defaults,
-    _axis_defaults_byletter
+    _subplot_defaults
 ]

 const _initial_defaults = deepcopy(_all_defaults)
@@ -446,11 +446,18 @@ const _initial_axis_defaults = deepcopy(_axis_defaults)
 # to be able to reset font sizes to initial values
 const _initial_fontsizes = Dict(:titlefontsize  => _subplot_defaults[:titlefontsize],
                                :legendfontsize => _subplot_defaults[:legendfontsize],
+                                :legendtitlefontsize => _subplot_defaults[:legendtitlefontsize],
                                :tickfontsize   => _axis_defaults[:tickfontsize],
                                :guidefontsize  => _axis_defaults[:guidefontsize])

 const _all_args = sort(collect(union(map(keys, _all_defaults)...)))

+is_subplot_attr(k) = haskey(_subplot_defaults, k)
+is_series_attr(k) = haskey(_series_defaults, k)
+#is_axis_attr(k) = haskey(_axis_defaults_byletter, k)
+is_axis_attr(k) = haskey(_axis_defaults, Symbol(chop(string(k); head=1, tail=0)))
+is_axis_attr_noletter(k) = haskey(_axis_defaults, k)
+
 RecipesBase.is_key_supported(k::Symbol) = is_attr_supported(k)

 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -463,10 +470,10 @@ autopick(notarr, idx::Integer) = notarr
 autopick_ignore_none_auto(arr::AVec, idx::Integer) = autopick(setdiff(arr, [:none, :auto]), idx)
 autopick_ignore_none_auto(notarr, idx::Integer) = notarr

-function aliasesAndAutopick(plotattributes::KW, sym::Symbol, aliases::Dict{Symbol,Symbol}, options::AVec, plotIndex::Int)
+function aliasesAndAutopick(plotattributes::AKW, sym::Symbol, aliases::Dict{Symbol,Symbol}, options::AVec, plotIndex::Int)
    if plotattributes[sym] == :auto
        plotattributes[sym] = autopick_ignore_none_auto(options, plotIndex)
-    elseif haskey(aliases, [sym])
+    elseif haskey(aliases, plotattributes[sym])
        plotattributes[sym] = aliases[plotattributes[sym]]
    end
 end
@@ -570,6 +577,7 @@ add_aliases(:xerror, :xerr, :xerrorbar)
 add_aliases(:yerror, :yerr, :yerrorbar, :err, :errorbar)
 add_aliases(:quiver, :velocity, :quiver2d, :gradient, :vectorfield)
 add_aliases(:normalize, :norm, :normed, :normalized)
+add_aliases(:show_empty_bins, :showemptybins, :showempty, :show_empty)
 add_aliases(:aspect_ratio, :aspectratio, :axis_ratio, :axisratio, :ratio)
 add_aliases(:match_dimensions, :transpose, :transpose_z)
 add_aliases(:subplot, :sp, :subplt, :splt)
@@ -598,6 +606,16 @@ end

 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

+function parse_axis_kw(s::Symbol)
+    s = string(s)
+    for letter in ('x', 'y', 'z')
+        if startswith(s, letter)
+            return (Symbol(letter), Symbol(chop(s, head=1, tail=0)))
+        end
+    end
+    return nothing
+end
+
 # update the defaults globally

 """
@@ -616,6 +634,10 @@ function default(k::Symbol)
    if haskey(_axis_defaults, k)
        return _axis_defaults[k]
    end
+    if (axis_k = parse_axis_kw(k)) !== nothing
+        letter, key = axis_k
+        return _axis_defaults_byletter[letter][key]
+    end
    k in _suppress_warnings || error("Unknown key: ", k)
 end

@@ -631,6 +653,11 @@ function default(k::Symbol, v)
        _axis_defaults[k] = v
        return v
    end
+    if (axis_k = parse_axis_kw(k)) !== nothing
+        letter, key = axis_k
+        _axis_defaults_byletter[letter][key] = v
+        return v
+    end
    k in _suppress_warnings || error("Unknown key: ", k)
 end

@@ -642,19 +669,20 @@ function default(; kw...)
    end
 end

-function default(plotattributes::KW, k::Symbol)
+function default(plotattributes::AKW, k::Symbol)
    get(plotattributes, k, default(k))
 end

 function reset_defaults()
    foreach(merge!, _all_defaults, _initial_defaults)
    merge!(_axis_defaults, _initial_axis_defaults)
+    reset_axis_defaults_byletter!()
 end

 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 # if arg is a valid color value, then set plotattributes[csym] and return true
-function handleColors!(plotattributes::KW, arg, csym::Symbol)
+function handleColors!(plotattributes::AKW, arg, csym::Symbol)
    try
        if arg == :auto
            plotattributes[csym] = :auto
@@ -671,7 +699,7 @@ end



-function processLineArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
+function processLineArg(plotattributes::AKW, arg)
    # seriestype
    if allLineTypes(arg)
        plotattributes[:seriestype] = arg
@@ -681,15 +709,15 @@ function processLineArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
        plotattributes[:linestyle] = arg

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Stroke
-        arg.width == nothing || (plotattributes[:linewidth] = arg.width)
-        arg.color == nothing || (plotattributes[:linecolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
-        arg.alpha == nothing || (plotattributes[:linealpha] = arg.alpha)
-        arg.style == nothing || (plotattributes[:linestyle] = arg.style)
+        arg.width === nothing || (plotattributes[:linewidth] = arg.width)
+        arg.color === nothing || (plotattributes[:linecolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
+        arg.alpha === nothing || (plotattributes[:linealpha] = arg.alpha)
+        arg.style === nothing || (plotattributes[:linestyle] = arg.style)

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Brush
-        arg.size  == nothing || (plotattributes[:fillrange] = arg.size)
-        arg.color == nothing || (plotattributes[:fillcolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
-        arg.alpha == nothing || (plotattributes[:fillalpha] = arg.alpha)
+        arg.size  === nothing || (plotattributes[:fillrange] = arg.size)
+        arg.color === nothing || (plotattributes[:fillcolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
+        arg.alpha === nothing || (plotattributes[:fillalpha] = arg.alpha)

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Arrow || arg in (:arrow, :arrows)
        plotattributes[:arrow] = arg
@@ -710,7 +738,7 @@ function processLineArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
 end


-function processMarkerArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
+function processMarkerArg(plotattributes::AKW, arg)
    # markershape
    if allShapes(arg)
        plotattributes[:markershape] = arg
@@ -720,20 +748,24 @@ function processMarkerArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
        plotattributes[:markerstrokestyle] = arg

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Stroke
-        arg.width == nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokewidth] = arg.width)
-        arg.color == nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
-        arg.alpha == nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokealpha] = arg.alpha)
-        arg.style == nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokestyle] = arg.style)
+        arg.width === nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokewidth] = arg.width)
+        arg.color === nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
+        arg.alpha === nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokealpha] = arg.alpha)
+        arg.style === nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokestyle] = arg.style)

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Brush
-        arg.size  == nothing || (plotattributes[:markersize]  = arg.size)
-        arg.color == nothing || (plotattributes[:markercolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
-        arg.alpha == nothing || (plotattributes[:markeralpha] = arg.alpha)
+        arg.size  === nothing || (plotattributes[:markersize]  = arg.size)
+        arg.color === nothing || (plotattributes[:markercolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
+        arg.alpha === nothing || (plotattributes[:markeralpha] = arg.alpha)

    # linealpha
    elseif allAlphas(arg)
        plotattributes[:markeralpha] = arg

+    # bool
+    elseif typeof(arg) <: Bool
+        plotattributes[:markershape] = arg ? :circle : :none
+
    # markersize
    elseif allReals(arg)
        plotattributes[:markersize] = arg
@@ -746,12 +778,12 @@ function processMarkerArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
 end


-function processFillArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
+function processFillArg(plotattributes::AKW, arg)
    # fr = get(plotattributes, :fillrange, 0)
    if typeof(arg) <: Brush
-        arg.size  == nothing || (plotattributes[:fillrange] = arg.size)
-        arg.color == nothing || (plotattributes[:fillcolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
-        arg.alpha == nothing || (plotattributes[:fillalpha] = arg.alpha)
+        arg.size  === nothing || (plotattributes[:fillrange] = arg.size)
+        arg.color === nothing || (plotattributes[:fillcolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
+        arg.alpha === nothing || (plotattributes[:fillalpha] = arg.alpha)

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Bool
        plotattributes[:fillrange] = arg ? 0 : nothing
@@ -769,7 +801,6 @@ function processFillArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
        plotattributes[:fillrange] = arg

    elseif !handleColors!(plotattributes, arg, :fillcolor)
-
        plotattributes[:fillrange] = arg
    end
    # plotattributes[:fillrange] = fr
@@ -777,7 +808,7 @@ function processFillArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
 end


-function processGridArg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter)
+function processGridArg!(plotattributes::AKW, arg, letter)
    if arg in _allGridArgs || isa(arg, Bool)
        plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :grid)] = hasgrid(arg, letter)

@@ -785,10 +816,10 @@ function processGridArg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter)
        plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :gridstyle)] = arg

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Stroke
-        arg.width == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :gridlinewidth)] = arg.width)
-        arg.color == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :foreground_color_grid)] = arg.color in (:auto, :match) ? :match : plot_color(arg.color))
-        arg.alpha == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :gridalpha)] = arg.alpha)
-        arg.style == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :gridstyle)] = arg.style)
+        arg.width === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :gridlinewidth)] = arg.width)
+        arg.color === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :foreground_color_grid)] = arg.color in (:auto, :match) ? :match : plot_color(arg.color))
+        arg.alpha === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :gridalpha)] = arg.alpha)
+        arg.style === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :gridstyle)] = arg.style)

    # linealpha
    elseif allAlphas(arg)
@@ -805,7 +836,7 @@ function processGridArg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter)
    end
 end

-function processMinorGridArg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter)
+function processMinorGridArg!(plotattributes::AKW, arg, letter)
    if arg in _allGridArgs || isa(arg, Bool)
        plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgrid)] = hasgrid(arg, letter)

@@ -814,10 +845,10 @@ function processMinorGridArg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter)
        plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgrid)] = true

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Stroke
-        arg.width == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgridlinewidth)] = arg.width)
-        arg.color == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :foreground_color_minor_grid)] = arg.color in (:auto, :match) ? :match : plot_color(arg.color))
-        arg.alpha == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgridalpha)] = arg.alpha)
-        arg.style == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgridstyle)] = arg.style)
+        arg.width === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgridlinewidth)] = arg.width)
+        arg.color === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :foreground_color_minor_grid)] = arg.color in (:auto, :match) ? :match : plot_color(arg.color))
+        arg.alpha === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgridalpha)] = arg.alpha)
+        arg.style === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgridstyle)] = arg.style)
        plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgrid)] = true

    # linealpha
@@ -838,7 +869,7 @@ function processMinorGridArg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter)
    end
 end

-function processFontArg!(plotattributes::KW, fontname::Symbol, arg)
+function processFontArg!(plotattributes::AKW, fontname::Symbol, arg)
    T = typeof(arg)
    if T <: Font
        plotattributes[Symbol(fontname, :family)] = arg.family
@@ -875,7 +906,7 @@ _replace_markershape(shape::Symbol) = get(_markerAliases, shape, shape)
 _replace_markershape(shapes::AVec) = map(_replace_markershape, shapes)
 _replace_markershape(shape) = shape

-function _add_markershape(plotattributes::KW)
+function _add_markershape(plotattributes::AKW)
    # add the markershape if it needs to be added... hack to allow "m=10" to add a shape,
    # and still allow overriding in _apply_recipe
    ms = pop!(plotattributes, :markershape_to_add, :none)
@@ -885,7 +916,7 @@ function _add_markershape(plotattributes::KW)
 end

 "Handle all preprocessing of args... break out colors/sizes/etc and replace aliases."
-function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
+function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::AKW)
    replaceAliases!(plotattributes, _keyAliases)

    # clear all axis stuff
@@ -905,7 +936,7 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
    # end

    # handle axis args common to all axis
-    args = pop!(plotattributes, :axis, ())
+    args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, :axis, ())
    for arg in wraptuple(args)
        for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
            process_axis_arg!(plotattributes, arg, letter)
@@ -914,7 +945,7 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
    # handle axis args
    for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
        asym = Symbol(letter, :axis)
-        args = pop!(plotattributes, asym, ())
+        args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, asym, ())
        if !(typeof(args) <: Axis)
            for arg in wraptuple(args)
                process_axis_arg!(plotattributes, arg, letter)
@@ -922,8 +953,17 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
        end
    end

+    # vline accesses the y argument but actually maps it to the x axis.
+    # Hence, we have to swap formatters
+    if get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :path) == :vline
+        xformatter = get(plotattributes, :xformatter, :auto)
+        yformatter = get(plotattributes, :yformatter, :auto)
+        plotattributes[:xformatter] = yformatter
+        plotattributes[:yformatter] = xformatter
+    end
+
    # handle grid args common to all axes
-    args = pop!(plotattributes, :grid, ())
+    args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, :grid, ())
    for arg in wraptuple(args)
        for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
            processGridArg!(plotattributes, arg, letter)
@@ -932,13 +972,13 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
    # handle individual axes grid args
    for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
        gridsym = Symbol(letter, :grid)
-        args = pop!(plotattributes, gridsym, ())
+        args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, gridsym, ())
        for arg in wraptuple(args)
            processGridArg!(plotattributes, arg, letter)
        end
    end
    # handle minor grid args common to all axes
-    args = pop!(plotattributes, :minorgrid, ())
+    args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, :minorgrid, ())
    for arg in wraptuple(args)
        for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
            processMinorGridArg!(plotattributes, arg, letter)
@@ -947,21 +987,21 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
    # handle individual axes grid args
    for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
        gridsym = Symbol(letter, :minorgrid)
-        args = pop!(plotattributes, gridsym, ())
+        args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, gridsym, ())
        for arg in wraptuple(args)
            processMinorGridArg!(plotattributes, arg, letter)
        end
    end
    # fonts
-    for fontname in (:titlefont, :legendfont)
-        args = pop!(plotattributes, fontname, ())
+    for fontname in (:titlefont, :legendfont, :legendtitlefont)
+        args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, fontname, ())
        for arg in wraptuple(args)
            processFontArg!(plotattributes, fontname, arg)
        end
    end
    # handle font args common to all axes
    for fontname in (:tickfont, :guidefont)
-        args = pop!(plotattributes, fontname, ())
+        args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, fontname, ())
        for arg in wraptuple(args)
            for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
                processFontArg!(plotattributes, Symbol(letter, fontname), arg)
@@ -971,7 +1011,7 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
    # handle individual axes font args
    for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
        for fontname in (:tickfont, :guidefont)
-            args = pop!(plotattributes, Symbol(letter, fontname), ())
+            args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, Symbol(letter, fontname), ())
            for arg in wraptuple(args)
                processFontArg!(plotattributes, Symbol(letter, fontname), arg)
            end
@@ -979,7 +1019,7 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
    end

    # handle line args
-    for arg in wraptuple(pop!(plotattributes, :line, ()))
+    for arg in wraptuple(pop_kw!(plotattributes, :line, ()))
        processLineArg(plotattributes, arg)
    end

@@ -993,7 +1033,7 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
        processMarkerArg(plotattributes, arg)
        anymarker = true
    end
-    delete!(plotattributes, :marker)
+    reset_kw!(plotattributes, :marker)
    if haskey(plotattributes, :markershape)
        plotattributes[:markershape] = _replace_markershape(plotattributes[:markershape])
        if plotattributes[:markershape] == :none && plotattributes[:seriestype] in (:scatter, :scatterbins, :scatterhist, :scatter3d) #the default should be :auto, not :none, so that :none can be set explicitly and would be respected
@@ -1007,7 +1047,7 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
    for arg in wraptuple(get(plotattributes, :fill, ()))
        processFillArg(plotattributes, arg)
    end
-    delete!(plotattributes, :fill)
+    reset_kw!(plotattributes, :fill)

    # handle series annotations
    if haskey(plotattributes, :series_annotations)
@@ -1022,7 +1062,7 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
            arrow()
        elseif a in (false, nothing, :none)
            nothing
-        elseif !(typeof(a) <: Arrow)
+        elseif !(typeof(a) <: Arrow || typeof(a) <: AbstractArray{Arrow})
            arrow(wraptuple(a)...)
        else
            a
@@ -1049,8 +1089,8 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)

    # warnings for moved recipes
    st = get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :path)
-    if st in (:boxplot, :violin, :density) && !isdefined(Main, :StatPlots)
-        @warn("seriestype $st has been moved to StatPlots.  To use: \`Pkg.add(\"StatPlots\"); using StatPlots\`")
+    if st in (:boxplot, :violin, :density) && !isdefined(Main, :StatsPlots)
+        @warn("seriestype $st has been moved to StatsPlots.  To use: \`Pkg.add(\"StatsPlots\"); using StatsPlots\`")
    end

    return
@@ -1072,7 +1112,7 @@ function extractGroupArgs(v::AVec, args...; legendEntry = string)
    if n > 100
        @warn("You created n=$n groups... Is that intended?")
    end
-    groupIds = Vector{Int}[filter(i -> v[i] == glab, 1:length(v)) for glab in groupLabels]
+    groupIds = Vector{Int}[filter(i -> v[i] == glab, eachindex(v)) for glab in groupLabels]
    GroupBy(map(legendEntry, groupLabels), groupIds)
 end

@@ -1080,7 +1120,7 @@ legendEntryFromTuple(ns::Tuple) = join(ns, ' ')

 # this is when given a tuple of vectors of values to group by
 function extractGroupArgs(vs::Tuple, args...)
-    isempty(vs) && return GroupBy([""], [1:size(args[1],1)])
+    isempty(vs) && return GroupBy([""], [axes(args[1],1)])
    v = map(tuple, vs...)
    extractGroupArgs(v, args...; legendEntry = legendEntryFromTuple)
 end
@@ -1090,7 +1130,7 @@ legendEntryFromTuple(ns::NamedTuple) =
    join(["$k = $v" for (k, v) in pairs(ns)], ", ")

 function extractGroupArgs(vs::NamedTuple, args...)
-    isempty(vs) && return GroupBy([""], [1:size(args[1],1)])
+    isempty(vs) && return GroupBy([""], [axes(args[1],1)])
    v = map(NamedTuple{keys(vs)}∘tuple, values(vs)...)
    extractGroupArgs(v, args...; legendEntry = legendEntryFromTuple)
 end
@@ -1105,15 +1145,15 @@ end
 filter_data(v::AVec, idxfilter::AVec{Int}) = v[idxfilter]
 filter_data(v, idxfilter) = v

-function filter_data!(plotattributes::KW, idxfilter)
+function filter_data!(plotattributes::AKW, idxfilter)
    for s in (:x, :y, :z)
        plotattributes[s] = filter_data(get(plotattributes, s, nothing), idxfilter)
    end
 end

-function _filter_input_data!(plotattributes::KW)
+function _filter_input_data!(plotattributes::AKW)
    idxfilter = pop!(plotattributes, :idxfilter, nothing)
-    if idxfilter != nothing
+    if idxfilter !== nothing
        filter_data!(plotattributes, idxfilter)
    end
 end
@@ -1124,7 +1164,7 @@ end
 const _already_warned = Dict{Symbol,Set{Symbol}}()
 const _to_warn = Set{Symbol}()

-function warnOnUnsupported_args(pkg::AbstractBackend, plotattributes::KW)
+function warnOnUnsupported_args(pkg::AbstractBackend, plotattributes)
    empty!(_to_warn)
    bend = backend_name(pkg)
    already_warned = get!(_already_warned, bend, Set{Symbol}())
@@ -1148,7 +1188,7 @@ end
 # _markershape_supported(pkg::AbstractBackend, shape::Shape) = Shape in supported_markers(pkg)
 # _markershape_supported(pkg::AbstractBackend, shapes::AVec) = all([_markershape_supported(pkg, shape) for shape in shapes])

-function warnOnUnsupported(pkg::AbstractBackend, plotattributes::KW)
+function warnOnUnsupported(pkg::AbstractBackend, plotattributes)
    if !is_seriestype_supported(pkg, plotattributes[:seriestype])
        @warn("seriestype $(plotattributes[:seriestype]) is unsupported with $pkg.  Choose from: $(supported_seriestypes(pkg))")
    end
@@ -1160,7 +1200,7 @@ function warnOnUnsupported(pkg::AbstractBackend, plotattributes::KW)
    end
 end

-function warnOnUnsupported_scales(pkg::AbstractBackend, plotattributes::KW)
+function warnOnUnsupported_scales(pkg::AbstractBackend, plotattributes::AKW)
    for k in (:xscale, :yscale, :zscale, :scale)
        if haskey(plotattributes, k)
            v = plotattributes[k]
@@ -1179,7 +1219,7 @@ function convertLegendValue(val::Symbol)
        :best
    elseif val in (:no, :none)
        :none
-    elseif val in (:right, :left, :top, :bottom, :inside, :best, :legend, :topright, :topleft, :bottomleft, :bottomright, :outertopright)
+    elseif val in (:right, :left, :top, :bottom, :inside, :best, :legend, :topright, :topleft, :bottomleft, :bottomright, :outertopright, :outertopleft, :outertop, :outerright, :outerleft, :outerbottomright, :outerbottomleft, :outerbottom)
        val
    else
        error("Invalid symbol for legend: $val")
@@ -1199,24 +1239,26 @@ convertLegendValue(v::AbstractArray) = map(convertLegendValue, v)
 # anything else is returned as-is
 function slice_arg(v::AMat, idx::Int)
    c = mod1(idx, size(v,2))
-    size(v,1) == 1 ? v[1,c] : v[:,c]
+    m,n = axes(v)
+    size(v,1) == 1 ? v[first(m),n[c]] : v[:,n[c]]
 end
 slice_arg(wrapper::InputWrapper, idx) = wrapper.obj
 slice_arg(v, idx) = v


-# given an argument key (k), we want to extract the argument value for this index.
-# matrices are sliced by column, otherwise we
-# if nothing is set (or container is empty), return the default or the existing value.
-function slice_arg!(plotattributes_in::KW,plotattributes_out::KW, k::Symbol, default_value, idx::Int, remove_pair::Bool)
-    v = get(plotattributes_in, k, get(plotattributes_out, k, default_value))
-   plotattributes_out[k] = if haskey(plotattributes_in, k) && typeof(v) <: AMat && !isempty(v)
+# given an argument key (k), extract the argument value for this index,
+# and set into plotattributes[k]. Matrices are sliced by column.
+# if nothing is set (or container is empty), return the existing value.
+function slice_arg!(plotattributes_in, plotattributes_out,
+                    k::Symbol, idx::Int, remove_pair::Bool)
+    v = get(plotattributes_in, k, plotattributes_out[k])
+    plotattributes_out[k] = if haskey(plotattributes_in, k) && typeof(v) <: AMat && !isempty(v)
        slice_arg(v, idx)
    else
        v
    end
    if remove_pair
-        delete!(plotattributes_in, k)
+        reset_kw!(plotattributes_in, k)
    end
    return
 end
@@ -1225,26 +1267,20 @@ end

 # # if the value is `:match` then we take whatever match_color is.
 # # this is mainly used for cascading defaults for foreground and background colors
-# function color_or_match!(plotattributes::KW, k::Symbol, match_color)
+# function color_or_match!(plotattributes::AKW, k::Symbol, match_color)
 #     v = plotattributes[k]
 #     plotattributes[k] = if v == :match
 #         match_color
-#     elseif v == nothing
+#     elseif v === nothing
 #         plot_color(RGBA(0,0,0,0))
 #     else
 #         v
 #     end
 # end

-function color_or_nothing!(plotattributes::KW, k::Symbol)
+function color_or_nothing!(plotattributes, k::Symbol)
    v = plotattributes[k]
-    plotattributes[k] = if v == nothing || v == false
-        RGBA{Float64}(0,0,0,0)
-    elseif v != :match
-        plot_color(v)
-    else
-        v
-    end
+    plotattributes[k] = v == :match ? v : plot_color(v)
    return
 end

@@ -1263,8 +1299,10 @@ const _match_map = KW(
    :bottom_margin => :margin,
    :titlefontfamily          => :fontfamily_subplot,
    :legendfontfamily         => :fontfamily_subplot,
+    :legendtitlefontfamily    => :fontfamily_subplot,
    :titlefontcolor           => :foreground_color_subplot,
    :legendfontcolor          => :foreground_color_subplot,
+    :legendtitlefontcolor     => :foreground_color_subplot,
    :tickfontcolor            => :foreground_color_text,
    :guidefontcolor           => :foreground_color_guide,
 )
@@ -1341,18 +1379,18 @@ Base.get(series::Series, k::Symbol, v) = get(series.plotattributes, k, v)

 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

-function fg_color(plotattributes::KW)
-    fg = default(plotattributes, :foreground_color)
+function fg_color(plotattributes::AKW)
+    fg = get(plotattributes, :foreground_color, :auto)
    if fg == :auto
-        bg = plot_color(default(plotattributes, :background_color))
+        bg = plot_color(get(plotattributes, :background_color, :white))
        fg = isdark(bg) ? colorant"white" : colorant"black"
    else
        plot_color(fg)
    end
 end

-function fg_color_sp(plotattributes::KW)
-    fgsp = default(plotattributes, :foreground_color_subplot)
+function fg_color_sp(plotattributes::AKW)
+    fgsp = get(plotattributes, :foreground_color_subplot, :match)
    if fg == :match
        fg_color(plotattributes)
    else
@@ -1363,13 +1401,13 @@ end


 # update attr from an input dictionary
-function _update_plot_args(plt::Plot, plotattributes_in::KW)
+function _update_plot_args(plt::Plot, plotattributes_in::AKW)
    for (k,v) in _plot_defaults
-        slice_arg!(plotattributes_in, plt.attr, k, v, 1, true)
+        slice_arg!(plotattributes_in, plt.attr, k, 1, true)
    end

    # handle colors
-   plotattributes= plt.attr
+    plotattributes= plt.attr
    plt[:background_color] = plot_color(plotattributes[:background_color])
    plt[:foreground_color] = fg_color(plotattributes)
    # bg = plot_color(plt.attr[:background_color])
@@ -1416,7 +1454,7 @@ function _update_subplot_colors(sp::Subplot)
    return
 end

-function _update_axis(plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, plotattributes_in::KW, letter::Symbol, subplot_index::Int)
+function _update_axis(plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, plotattributes_in::AKW, letter::Symbol, subplot_index::Int)
    # get (maybe initialize) the axis
    axis = get_axis(sp, letter)

@@ -1432,13 +1470,13 @@ function _update_axis(plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, plotattributes_in::KW, letter::Sym
    return
 end

-function _update_axis(axis::Axis, plotattributes_in::KW, letter::Symbol, subplot_index::Int)
+function _update_axis(axis::Axis, plotattributes_in::AKW, letter::Symbol, subplot_index::Int)
    # grab magic args (for example `xaxis = (:flip, :log)`)
    args = wraptuple(get(plotattributes_in, Symbol(letter, :axis), ()))

    # build the KW of arguments from the letter version (i.e. xticks --> ticks)
    kw = KW()
-    for (k,v) in _axis_defaults
+    for k in keys(_axis_defaults)
        # first get the args without the letter: `tickfont = font(10)`
        # note: we don't pop because we want this to apply to all axes! (delete after all have finished)
        if haskey(plotattributes_in, k)
@@ -1483,12 +1521,12 @@ function _update_axis_links(plt::Plot, axis::Axis, letter::Symbol)
 end

 # update a subplots args and axes
-function _update_subplot_args(plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, plotattributes_in::KW, subplot_index::Int, remove_pair::Bool)
-    anns = pop!(sp.attr, :annotations, [])
+function _update_subplot_args(plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, plotattributes_in, subplot_index::Int, remove_pair::Bool)
+    anns = pop_kw!(sp.attr, :annotations)

-    # grab those args which apply to this subplot
-    for (k,v) in _subplot_defaults
-        slice_arg!(plotattributes_in, sp.attr, k, v, subplot_index, remove_pair)
+    # # grab those args which apply to this subplot
+    for k in keys(_subplot_defaults)
+        slice_arg!(plotattributes_in, sp.attr, k, subplot_index, remove_pair)
    end

    _update_subplot_periphery(sp, anns)
@@ -1507,45 +1545,42 @@ function has_black_border_for_default(st::Symbol)
    like_histogram(st) || st in (:hexbin, :bar, :shape)
 end

-
-# converts a symbol or string into a colorant (Colors.RGB), and assigns a color automatically
-function getSeriesRGBColor(c, sp::Subplot, n::Int)
+# converts a symbol or string into a Colorant or ColorGradient
+# and assigns a color automatically
+function get_series_color(c, sp::Subplot, n::Int, seriestype)
    if c == :auto
-        c = autopick(sp[:color_palette], n)
+        c = like_surface(seriestype) ? cgrad() : autopick(sp[:color_palette], n)
    elseif isa(c, Int)
        c = autopick(sp[:color_palette], c)
    end
    plot_color(c)
 end

-function getSeriesRGBColor(c::AbstractArray, sp::Subplot, n::Int)
-    map(x->getSeriesRGBColor(x, sp, n), c)
+function get_series_color(c::AbstractArray, sp::Subplot, n::Int, seriestype)
+    map(x->get_series_color(x, sp, n, seriestype), c)
 end

-function ensure_gradient!(plotattributes::KW, csym::Symbol, asym::Symbol)
+function ensure_gradient!(plotattributes::AKW, csym::Symbol, asym::Symbol)
    if !isa(plotattributes[csym], ColorGradient)
        plotattributes[csym] = typeof(plotattributes[asym]) <: AbstractVector ? cgrad() : cgrad(alpha = plotattributes[asym])
    end
 end

-function _replace_linewidth(plotattributes::KW)
+function _replace_linewidth(plotattributes::AKW)
    # get a good default linewidth... 0 for surface and heatmaps
-    if get(plotattributes, :linewidth, :auto) == :auto
+    if plotattributes[:linewidth] == :auto
        plotattributes[:linewidth] = (get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :path) in (:surface,:heatmap,:image) ? 0 : 1)
    end
 end

-function _add_defaults!(plotattributes::KW, plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, commandIndex::Int)
-    # add default values to our dictionary, being careful not to delete what we just added!
-    for (k,v) in _series_defaults
-        slice_arg!(plotattributes, plotattributes, k, v, commandIndex, false)
+function _slice_series_args!(plotattributes::AKW, plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, commandIndex::Int)
+    for k in keys(_series_defaults)
+        haskey(plotattributes, k) && slice_arg!(plotattributes, plotattributes, k, commandIndex, false)
    end
-
    return plotattributes
 end

-
-function _update_series_attributes!(plotattributes::KW, plt::Plot, sp::Subplot)
+function _update_series_attributes!(plotattributes::AKW, plt::Plot, sp::Subplot)
    pkg = plt.backend
    globalIndex = plotattributes[:series_plotindex]
    plotIndex = _series_index(plotattributes, sp)
@@ -1555,30 +1590,32 @@ function _update_series_attributes!(plotattributes::KW, plt::Plot, sp::Subplot)

    # update alphas
    for asym in (:linealpha, :markeralpha, :fillalpha)
-        if plotattributes[asym] == nothing
+        if plotattributes[asym] === nothing
            plotattributes[asym] = plotattributes[:seriesalpha]
        end
    end
-    if plotattributes[:markerstrokealpha] == nothing
+    if plotattributes[:markerstrokealpha] === nothing
        plotattributes[:markerstrokealpha] = plotattributes[:markeralpha]
    end

    # update series color
-    plotattributes[:seriescolor] = getSeriesRGBColor(plotattributes[:seriescolor], sp, plotIndex)
+    scolor = plotattributes[:seriescolor]
+    stype = plotattributes[:seriestype]
+    plotattributes[:seriescolor] = scolor = get_series_color(scolor, sp, plotIndex, stype)

    # update other colors
    for s in (:line, :marker, :fill)
        csym, asym = Symbol(s,:color), Symbol(s,:alpha)
        plotattributes[csym] = if plotattributes[csym] == :auto
-            plot_color(if has_black_border_for_default(plotattributes[:seriestype]) && s == :line
+            plot_color(if has_black_border_for_default(stype) && s == :line
                sp[:foreground_color_subplot]
            else
-                plotattributes[:seriescolor]
+                scolor
            end)
        elseif plotattributes[csym] == :match
-            plot_color(plotattributes[:seriescolor])
+            plot_color(scolor)
        else
-            getSeriesRGBColor(plotattributes[csym], sp, plotIndex)
+            get_series_color(plotattributes[csym], sp, plotIndex, stype)
        end
    end

@@ -1586,19 +1623,19 @@ function _update_series_attributes!(plotattributes::KW, plt::Plot, sp::Subplot)
    plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor] = if plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor] == :match
        plot_color(sp[:foreground_color_subplot])
    elseif plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor] == :auto
-        getSeriesRGBColor(plotattributes[:markercolor], sp, plotIndex)
+        get_series_color(plotattributes[:markercolor], sp, plotIndex, stype)
    else
-        getSeriesRGBColor(plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor], sp, plotIndex)
+        get_series_color(plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor], sp, plotIndex, stype)
    end

    # if marker_z, fill_z or line_z are set, ensure we have a gradient
-    if plotattributes[:marker_z] != nothing
+    if plotattributes[:marker_z] !== nothing
        ensure_gradient!(plotattributes, :markercolor, :markeralpha)
    end
-    if plotattributes[:line_z] != nothing
+    if plotattributes[:line_z] !== nothing
        ensure_gradient!(plotattributes, :linecolor, :linealpha)
    end
-    if plotattributes[:fill_z] != nothing
+    if plotattributes[:fill_z] !== nothing
        ensure_gradient!(plotattributes, :fillcolor, :fillalpha)
    end

@@ -1613,6 +1650,7 @@ function _update_series_attributes!(plotattributes::KW, plt::Plot, sp::Subplot)
    # set label
    label = plotattributes[:label]
    label = (label == "AUTO" ? "y$globalIndex" : label)
+    label = label in (:none, nothing, false) ? "" : label
    plotattributes[:label] = label

    _replace_linewidth(plotattributes)
@@ -7,29 +7,20 @@
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

 function Axis(sp::Subplot, letter::Symbol, args...; kw...)
-    # init with values from _plot_defaults
-    plotattributes = KW(
+    explicit = KW(
        :letter => letter,
-        # :extrema => (Inf, -Inf),
        :extrema => Extrema(),
        :discrete_map => Dict(),   # map discrete values to discrete indices
        :continuous_values => zeros(0),
+        :discrete_values => [],
        :use_minor => false,
        :show => true,  # show or hide the axis? (useful for linked subplots)
    )

-    # get defaults from letter version, unless match
-    for (k,v) in _axis_defaults
-        lk = Symbol(letter, k)
-        lv = _axis_defaults_byletter[lk]
-        plotattributes[k] = (lv == :match ? v : lv)
-    end
-
-    # merge!(plotattributes, _axis_defaults)
-    plotattributes[:discrete_values] = []
+    attr = Attr(explicit, _axis_defaults_byletter[letter])

    # update the defaults
-    attr!(Axis([sp], plotattributes), args...; kw...)
+    attr!(Axis([sp], attr), args...; kw...)
 end

 function get_axis(sp::Subplot, letter::Symbol)
@@ -41,7 +32,7 @@ function get_axis(sp::Subplot, letter::Symbol)
    end::Axis
 end

-function process_axis_arg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter = "")
+function process_axis_arg!(plotattributes::AKW, arg, letter = "")
    T = typeof(arg)
    arg = get(_scaleAliases, arg, arg)

@@ -67,7 +58,7 @@ function process_axis_arg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter = "")
    elseif T <: AVec
        plotattributes[Symbol(letter,:ticks)] = arg

-    elseif arg == nothing
+    elseif arg === nothing
        plotattributes[Symbol(letter,:ticks)] = []

    elseif T <: Bool || arg in _allShowaxisArgs
@@ -117,7 +108,7 @@ end

 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

-Base.show(io::IO, axis::Axis) = dumpdict(axis.plotattributes, "Axis", true)
+Base.show(io::IO, axis::Axis) = dumpdict(io, axis.plotattributes, "Axis", true)
 # Base.getindex(axis::Axis, k::Symbol) = getindex(axis.plotattributes, k)
 Base.setindex!(axis::Axis, v, ks::Symbol...) = setindex!(axis.plotattributes, v, ks...)
 Base.haskey(axis::Axis, k::Symbol) = haskey(axis.plotattributes, k)
@@ -152,8 +143,8 @@ scalefunc(scale::Symbol) = x -> get(_scale_funcs, scale, identity)(Float64(x))
 invscalefunc(scale::Symbol) = x -> get(_inv_scale_funcs, scale, identity)(Float64(x))
 labelfunc(scale::Symbol, backend::AbstractBackend) = get(_label_func, scale, string)

-function optimal_ticks_and_labels(axis::Axis, ticks = nothing)
-    amin,amax = axis_limits(axis)
+function optimal_ticks_and_labels(sp::Subplot, axis::Axis, ticks = nothing)
+    amin, amax = axis_limits(sp, axis[:letter])

    # scale the limits
    scale = axis[:scale]
@@ -166,7 +157,7 @@ function optimal_ticks_and_labels(axis::Axis, ticks = nothing)
    # or DateTime) is chosen based on the time span between amin and amax
    # rather than on the input format
    # TODO: maybe: non-trivial scale (:ln, :log2, :log10) for date/datetime
-    if ticks == nothing && scale == :identity
+    if ticks === nothing && scale == :identity
        if axis[:formatter] == dateformatter
            # optimize_datetime_ticks returns ticks and labels(!) based on
            # integers/floats corresponding to the DateTime type. Thus, the axes
@@ -184,7 +175,7 @@ function optimal_ticks_and_labels(axis::Axis, ticks = nothing)
    end

    # get a list of well-laid-out ticks
-    if ticks == nothing
+    if ticks === nothing
        scaled_ticks = optimize_ticks(
            sf(amin),
            sf(amax);
@@ -218,6 +209,8 @@ function optimal_ticks_and_labels(axis::Axis, ticks = nothing)
            map(labelfunc(scale, backend()), Showoff.showoff(scaled_ticks, :plain))
        elseif formatter == :scientific
            Showoff.showoff(unscaled_ticks, :scientific)
+	elseif formatter == :latex
+	    map(x -> string("\$", replace(convert_sci_unicode(x), '×' => "\\times"), "\$"), Showoff.showoff(unscaled_ticks, :auto))
        else
            # there was an override for the formatter... use that on the unscaled ticks
            map(formatter, unscaled_ticks)
@@ -238,9 +231,9 @@ function optimal_ticks_and_labels(axis::Axis, ticks = nothing)
 end

 # return (continuous_values, discrete_values) for the ticks on this axis
-function get_ticks(axis::Axis)
+function get_ticks(sp::Subplot, axis::Axis)
    ticks = _transform_ticks(axis[:ticks])
-    ticks in (nothing, false) && return nothing
+    ticks in (:none, nothing, false) && return nothing

    # treat :native ticks as :auto
    ticks = ticks == :native ? :auto : ticks
@@ -251,7 +244,7 @@ function get_ticks(axis::Axis)
            # discrete ticks...
            n = length(dvals)
            rng = if ticks == :auto
-                Int[round(Int,i) for i in range(1, stop=n, length=15)]
+                Int[round(Int,i) for i in range(1, stop=n, length=min(n,15))]
            else # if ticks == :all
                1:n
            end
@@ -261,7 +254,7 @@ function get_ticks(axis::Axis)
            (collect(0:pi/4:7pi/4), string.(0:45:315))
        else
            # compute optimal ticks and labels
-            optimal_ticks_and_labels(axis)
+            optimal_ticks_and_labels(sp, axis)
        end
    elseif typeof(ticks) <: Union{AVec, Int}
        if !isempty(dvals) && typeof(ticks) <: Int
@@ -269,7 +262,7 @@ function get_ticks(axis::Axis)
            axis[:continuous_values][rng], dvals[rng]
        else
            # override ticks, but get the labels
-            optimal_ticks_and_labels(axis, ticks)
+            optimal_ticks_and_labels(sp, axis, ticks)
        end
    elseif typeof(ticks) <: NTuple{2, Any}
        # assuming we're passed (ticks, labels)
@@ -286,16 +279,16 @@ _transform_ticks(ticks) = ticks
 _transform_ticks(ticks::AbstractArray{T}) where T <: Dates.TimeType = Dates.value.(ticks)
 _transform_ticks(ticks::NTuple{2, Any}) = (_transform_ticks(ticks[1]), ticks[2])

-function get_minor_ticks(axis,ticks)
-    axis[:minorticks] in (nothing, false) && !axis[:minorgrid] && return nothing
+function get_minor_ticks(sp, axis, ticks)
+    axis[:minorticks] in (:none, nothing, false) && !axis[:minorgrid] && return nothing
    ticks = ticks[1]
    length(ticks) < 2 && return nothing

-    amin, amax = axis_limits(axis)
+    amin, amax = axis_limits(sp, axis[:letter])
    #Add one phantom tick either side of the ticks to ensure minor ticks extend to the axis limits
    if length(ticks) > 2
        ratio = (ticks[3] - ticks[2])/(ticks[2] - ticks[1])
-    elseif axis[:scale] == :none
+    elseif axis[:scale] in (:none, :identity)
        ratio = 1
    else
        return nothing
@@ -309,7 +302,9 @@ function get_minor_ticks(axis,ticks)
    minorticks = typeof(ticks[1])[]
    for (i,hi) in enumerate(ticks[2:end])
        lo = ticks[i]
-        append!(minorticks,collect(lo + (hi-lo)/n :(hi-lo)/n: hi - (hi-lo)/2n))
+        if isfinite(lo) && hi > lo
+            append!(minorticks,collect(lo + (hi-lo)/n :(hi-lo)/n: hi - (hi-lo)/2n))
+        end
    end
    minorticks[amin .<= minorticks .<= amax]
 end
@@ -357,7 +352,7 @@ function expand_extrema!(axis::Axis, v::AVec{N}) where N<:Number
 end


-function expand_extrema!(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
+function expand_extrema!(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::AKW)
    vert = isvertical(plotattributes)

    # first expand for the data
@@ -382,7 +377,7 @@ function expand_extrema!(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
                data = plotattributes[letter] = Surface(Matrix{Float64}(data.surf))
            end
            expand_extrema!(axis, data)
-        elseif data != nothing
+        elseif data !== nothing
            # TODO: need more here... gotta track the discrete reference value
            #       as well as any coord offset (think of boxplot shape coords... they all
            #       correspond to the same x-value)
@@ -399,10 +394,10 @@ function expand_extrema!(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)

    # expand for fillrange
    fr = plotattributes[:fillrange]
-    if fr == nothing && plotattributes[:seriestype] == :bar
+    if fr === nothing && plotattributes[:seriestype] == :bar
        fr = 0.0
    end
-    if fr != nothing && !all3D(plotattributes)
+    if fr !== nothing && !all3D(plotattributes)
        axis = sp.attr[vert ? :yaxis : :xaxis]
        if typeof(fr) <: Tuple
            for fri in fr
@@ -419,7 +414,7 @@ function expand_extrema!(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
        data = plotattributes[dsym]

        bw = plotattributes[:bar_width]
-        if bw == nothing
+        if bw === nothing
            bw = plotattributes[:bar_width] = _bar_width * ignorenan_minimum(filter(x->x>0,diff(sort(data))))
        end
        axis = sp.attr[Symbol(dsym, :axis)]
@@ -459,7 +454,7 @@ const _widen_seriestypes = (:line, :path, :steppre, :steppost, :sticks, :scatter

 function default_should_widen(axis::Axis)
    should_widen = false
-    if !is_2tuple(axis[:lims])
+    if !(is_2tuple(axis[:lims]) || axis[:lims] == :round)
        for sp in axis.sps
            for series in series_list(sp)
                if series.plotattributes[:seriestype] in _widen_seriestypes
@@ -479,11 +474,13 @@ function round_limits(amin,amax)
 end

 # using the axis extrema and limit overrides, return the min/max value for this axis
-function axis_limits(axis::Axis, should_widen::Bool = default_should_widen(axis))
+function axis_limits(sp, letter, should_widen = default_should_widen(sp[Symbol(letter, :axis)]), consider_aspect = true)
+    axis = sp[Symbol(letter, :axis)]
    ex = axis[:extrema]
    amin, amax = ex.emin, ex.emax
    lims = axis[:lims]
-    if (isa(lims, Tuple) || isa(lims, AVec)) && length(lims) == 2
+    has_user_lims = (isa(lims, Tuple) || isa(lims, AVec)) && length(lims) == 2
+    if has_user_lims
        if isfinite(lims[1])
            amin = lims[1]
        end
@@ -497,12 +494,12 @@ function axis_limits(axis::Axis, should_widen::Bool = default_should_widen(axis)
    if !isfinite(amin) && !isfinite(amax)
        amin, amax = 0.0, 1.0
    end
-    if ispolar(axis.sps[1])
+    amin, amax = if ispolar(axis.sps[1])
        if axis[:letter] == :x
            amin, amax = 0, 2pi
        elseif lims == :auto
            #widen max radius so ticks dont overlap with theta axis
-            amin, amax + 0.1 * abs(amax - amin)
+            0, amax + 0.1 * abs(amax - amin)
        else
            amin, amax
        end
@@ -513,6 +510,32 @@ function axis_limits(axis::Axis, should_widen::Bool = default_should_widen(axis)
    else
        amin, amax
    end
+
+    if !has_user_lims && consider_aspect && letter in (:x, :y) && !(sp[:aspect_ratio] in (:none, :auto) || is3d(:sp))
+        aspect_ratio = isa(sp[:aspect_ratio], Number) ? sp[:aspect_ratio] : 1
+        plot_ratio = height(plotarea(sp)) / width(plotarea(sp))
+        dist = amax - amin
+
+        if letter == :x
+            yamin, yamax = axis_limits(sp, :y, default_should_widen(sp[:yaxis]), false)
+            ydist = yamax - yamin
+            axis_ratio = aspect_ratio * ydist / dist
+            factor = axis_ratio / plot_ratio
+        else
+            xamin, xamax = axis_limits(sp, :x, default_should_widen(sp[:xaxis]), false)
+            xdist = xamax - xamin
+            axis_ratio = aspect_ratio * dist / xdist
+            factor = plot_ratio / axis_ratio
+        end
+
+        if factor > 1
+            center = (amin + amax) / 2
+            amin = center + factor * (amin - center)
+            amax = center + factor * (amax - center)
+        end
+    end
+
+    return amin, amax
 end

 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -545,10 +568,10 @@ end

 # add the discrete value for each item.  return the continuous values and the indices
 function discrete_value!(axis::Axis, v::AVec)
-    n = length(v)
-    cvec = zeros(n)
-    discrete_indices = zeros(Int, n)
-    for i=1:n
+    n = eachindex(v)
+    cvec = zeros(axes(v))
+    discrete_indices = similar(Array{Int}, axes(v))
+    for i in n
        cvec[i], discrete_indices[i] = discrete_value!(axis, v[i])
    end
    cvec, discrete_indices
@@ -556,10 +579,10 @@ end

 # add the discrete value for each item.  return the continuous values and the indices
 function discrete_value!(axis::Axis, v::AMat)
-    n,m = size(v)
-    cmat = zeros(n,m)
-    discrete_indices = zeros(Int, n, m)
-    for i=1:n, j=1:m
+    n,m = axes(v)
+    cmat = zeros(axes(v))
+    discrete_indices = similar(Array{Int}, axes(v))
+    for i in n, j in m
        cmat[i,j], discrete_indices[i,j] = discrete_value!(axis, v[i,j])
    end
    cmat, discrete_indices
@@ -586,12 +609,12 @@ end
 # compute the line segments which should be drawn for this axis
 function axis_drawing_info(sp::Subplot)
    xaxis, yaxis = sp[:xaxis], sp[:yaxis]
-    xmin, xmax = axis_limits(xaxis)
-    ymin, ymax = axis_limits(yaxis)
-    xticks = get_ticks(xaxis)
-    yticks = get_ticks(yaxis)
-    xminorticks = get_minor_ticks(xaxis,xticks)
-    yminorticks = get_minor_ticks(yaxis,yticks)
+    xmin, xmax = axis_limits(sp, :x)
+    ymin, ymax = axis_limits(sp, :y)
+    xticks = get_ticks(sp, xaxis)
+    yticks = get_ticks(sp, yaxis)
+    xminorticks = get_minor_ticks(sp, xaxis, xticks)
+    yminorticks = get_minor_ticks(sp, yaxis, yticks)
    xaxis_segs = Segments(2)
    yaxis_segs = Segments(2)
    xtick_segs = Segments(2)
@@ -605,126 +628,370 @@ function axis_drawing_info(sp::Subplot)

    if sp[:framestyle] != :none
        # xaxis
+        y1, y2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(xaxis[:mirror], yaxis[:flip]) ? (ymax, ymin) : (ymin, ymax)
+        end
        if xaxis[:showaxis]
            if sp[:framestyle] != :grid
-                y1, y2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
-                    0.0, 0.0
-                else
-                    xor(xaxis[:mirror], yaxis[:flip]) ? (ymax, ymin) : (ymin, ymax)
-                end
                push!(xaxis_segs, (xmin, y1), (xmax, y1))
                # don't show the 0 tick label for the origin framestyle
-                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(xticks in (nothing,false)) && length(xticks) > 1
+                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(xticks in (:none, nothing, false)) && length(xticks) > 1
                    showticks = xticks[1] .!= 0
                    xticks = (xticks[1][showticks], xticks[2][showticks])
                end
            end
            sp[:framestyle] in (:semi, :box) && push!(xborder_segs, (xmin, y2), (xmax, y2)) # top spine
        end
-        if !(xaxis[:ticks] in (nothing, false))
+        if !(xaxis[:ticks] in (:none, nothing, false))
            f = scalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
            invf = invscalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
-            ticks_in = xaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
-            t1 = invf(f(ymin) + 0.015 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)) * ticks_in)
-            t2 = invf(f(ymax) - 0.015 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)) * ticks_in)
-            t3 = invf(f(0) + 0.015 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)) * ticks_in)
+            tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                t = invf(f(0) + 0.012 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)))
+                (-t, t)
+            else
+                ticks_in = xaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
+                t = invf(f(y1) + 0.012 * (f(y2) - f(y1)) * ticks_in)
+                (y1, t)
+            end

            for xtick in xticks[1]
                if xaxis[:showaxis]
-                    tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
-                        (0, t3)
-                    else
-                        xor(xaxis[:mirror], yaxis[:flip]) ? (ymax, t2) : (ymin, t1)
-                    end
                    push!(xtick_segs, (xtick, tick_start), (xtick, tick_stop)) # bottom tick
                end
-                # sp[:draw_axes_border] && push!(xaxis_segs, (xtick, ymax), (xtick, t2)) # top tick
                xaxis[:grid] && push!(xgrid_segs, (xtick, ymin), (xtick, ymax)) # vertical grid
            end
-        end
-        if !(xaxis[:minorticks] in (nothing, false)) || xaxis[:minorgrid]
-            f = scalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
-            invf = invscalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
-            ticks_in = xaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
-            t1 = invf(f(ymin) + 0.01 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)) * ticks_in)
-            t2 = invf(f(ymax) - 0.01 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)) * ticks_in)
-            t3 = invf(f(0) + 0.01 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)) * ticks_in)

-            for xminortick in xminorticks
-                if xaxis[:showaxis]
-                    tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
-                        (0, t3)
-                    else
-                        xor(xaxis[:mirror], yaxis[:flip]) ? (ymax, t2) : (ymin, t1)
-                    end
-                    push!(xtick_segs, (xminortick, tick_start), (xminortick, tick_stop)) # bottom tick
+            if !(xaxis[:minorticks] in (:none, nothing, false)) || xaxis[:minorgrid]
+                tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                    t = invf(f(0) + 0.006 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)))
+                    (-t, t)
+                else
+                    t = invf(f(y1) + 0.006 * (f(y2) - f(y1)) * ticks_in)
+                    (y1, t)
+                end
+                for xtick in xminorticks
+                    if xaxis[:showaxis]
+                        push!(xtick_segs, (xtick, tick_start), (xtick, tick_stop)) # bottom tick
+                    end
+                    xaxis[:minorgrid] && push!(xminorgrid_segs, (xtick, ymin), (xtick, ymax)) # vertical grid
                end
-                # sp[:draw_axes_border] && push!(xaxis_segs, (xtick, ymax), (xtick, t2)) # top tick
-                xaxis[:minorgrid] && push!(xminorgrid_segs, (xminortick, ymin), (xminortick, ymax)) # vertical grid
            end
        end


        # yaxis
+        x1, x2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(yaxis[:mirror], xaxis[:flip]) ? (xmax, xmin) : (xmin, xmax)
+        end
        if yaxis[:showaxis]
            if sp[:framestyle] != :grid
-                x1, x2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
-                    0.0, 0.0
-                else
-                    xor(yaxis[:mirror], xaxis[:flip]) ? (xmax, xmin) : (xmin, xmax)
-                end
                push!(yaxis_segs, (x1, ymin), (x1, ymax))
                # don't show the 0 tick label for the origin framestyle
-                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(yticks in (nothing,false)) && length(yticks) > 1
+                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(yticks in (:none, nothing,false)) && length(yticks) > 1
                    showticks = yticks[1] .!= 0
                    yticks = (yticks[1][showticks], yticks[2][showticks])
                end
            end
            sp[:framestyle] in (:semi, :box) && push!(yborder_segs, (x2, ymin), (x2, ymax)) # right spine
        end
-        if !(yaxis[:ticks] in (nothing, false))
+        if !(yaxis[:ticks] in (:none, nothing, false))
            f = scalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
            invf = invscalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
-            ticks_in = yaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
-            t1 = invf(f(xmin) + 0.015 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)) * ticks_in)
-            t2 = invf(f(xmax) - 0.015 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)) * ticks_in)
-            t3 = invf(f(0) + 0.015 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)) * ticks_in)
+            tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                t = invf(f(0) + 0.012 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)))
+                (-t, t)
+            else
+                ticks_in = yaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
+                t = invf(f(x1) + 0.012 * (f(x2) - f(x1)) * ticks_in)
+                (x1, t)
+            end

            for ytick in yticks[1]
                if yaxis[:showaxis]
-                    tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
-                        (0, t3)
-                    else
-                        xor(yaxis[:mirror], xaxis[:flip]) ? (xmax, t2) : (xmin, t1)
-                    end
                    push!(ytick_segs, (tick_start, ytick), (tick_stop, ytick)) # left tick
                end
-                # sp[:draw_axes_border] && push!(yaxis_segs, (xmax, ytick), (t2, ytick)) # right tick
                yaxis[:grid] && push!(ygrid_segs, (xmin, ytick), (xmax, ytick)) # horizontal grid
            end
-        end
-        if !(yaxis[:minorticks] in (nothing, false)) || yaxis[:minorgrid]
-            f = scalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
-            invf = invscalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
-            ticks_in = yaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
-            t1 = invf(f(xmin) + 0.01 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)) * ticks_in)
-            t2 = invf(f(xmax) - 0.01 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)) * ticks_in)
-            t3 = invf(f(0) + 0.01 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)) * ticks_in)

-            for ytick in yminorticks
-                if yaxis[:showaxis]
-                    tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
-                        (0, t3)
-                    else
-                        xor(yaxis[:mirror], xaxis[:flip]) ? (xmax, t2) : (xmin, t1)
-                    end
-                    push!(ytick_segs, (tick_start, ytick), (tick_stop, ytick)) # left tick
+            if !(yaxis[:minorticks] in (:none, nothing, false)) || yaxis[:minorgrid]
+                tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                    t = invf(f(0) + 0.006 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)))
+                    (-t, t)
+                else
+                    t = invf(f(x1) + 0.006 * (f(x2) - f(x1)) * ticks_in)
+                    (x1, t)
+                end
+                for ytick in yminorticks
+                    if yaxis[:showaxis]
+                        push!(ytick_segs, (tick_start, ytick), (tick_stop, ytick)) # left tick
+                    end
+                    yaxis[:minorgrid] && push!(yminorgrid_segs, (xmin, ytick), (xmax, ytick)) # horizontal grid
                end
-                # sp[:draw_axes_border] && push!(yaxis_segs, (xmax, ytick), (t2, ytick)) # right tick
-                yaxis[:minorgrid] && push!(yminorgrid_segs, (xmin, ytick), (xmax, ytick)) # horizontal grid
            end
        end
    end

    xticks, yticks, xaxis_segs, yaxis_segs, xtick_segs, ytick_segs, xgrid_segs, ygrid_segs, xminorgrid_segs, yminorgrid_segs, xborder_segs, yborder_segs
 end
+
+
+function axis_drawing_info_3d(sp::Subplot)
+    xaxis, yaxis, zaxis = sp[:xaxis], sp[:yaxis], sp[:zaxis]
+    xmin, xmax = axis_limits(sp, :x)
+    ymin, ymax = axis_limits(sp, :y)
+    zmin, zmax = axis_limits(sp, :z)
+    xticks = get_ticks(sp, xaxis)
+    yticks = get_ticks(sp, yaxis)
+    zticks = get_ticks(sp, zaxis)
+    xminorticks = get_minor_ticks(sp, xaxis, xticks)
+    yminorticks = get_minor_ticks(sp, yaxis, yticks)
+    zminorticks = get_minor_ticks(sp, zaxis, zticks)
+    xaxis_segs = Segments(3)
+    yaxis_segs = Segments(3)
+    zaxis_segs = Segments(3)
+    xtick_segs = Segments(3)
+    ytick_segs = Segments(3)
+    ztick_segs = Segments(3)
+    xgrid_segs = Segments(3)
+    ygrid_segs = Segments(3)
+    zgrid_segs = Segments(3)
+    xminorgrid_segs = Segments(3)
+    yminorgrid_segs = Segments(3)
+    zminorgrid_segs = Segments(3)
+    xborder_segs = Segments(3)
+    yborder_segs = Segments(3)
+    zborder_segs = Segments(3)
+
+    if sp[:framestyle] != :none
+
+        # xaxis
+        y1, y2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(xaxis[:mirror], yaxis[:flip]) ? (ymax, ymin) : (ymin, ymax)
+        end
+        z1, z2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(xaxis[:mirror], zaxis[:flip]) ? (zmax, zmin) : (zmin, zmax)
+        end
+        if xaxis[:showaxis]
+            if sp[:framestyle] != :grid
+                push!(xaxis_segs, (xmin, y1, z1), (xmax, y1, z1))
+                # don't show the 0 tick label for the origin framestyle
+                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(xticks in (:none, nothing, false)) && length(xticks) > 1
+                    showticks = xticks[1] .!= 0
+                    xticks = (xticks[1][showticks], xticks[2][showticks])
+                end
+            end
+            sp[:framestyle] in (:semi, :box) && push!(xborder_segs, (xmin, y2, z2), (xmax, y2, z2)) # top spine
+        end
+        if !(xaxis[:ticks] in (:none, nothing, false))
+            f = scalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
+            invf = invscalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
+            tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                t = invf(f(0) + 0.012 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)))
+                (-t, t)
+            else
+                ticks_in = xaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
+                t = invf(f(y1) + 0.012 * (f(y2) - f(y1)) * ticks_in)
+                (y1, t)
+            end
+
+            for xtick in xticks[1]
+                if xaxis[:showaxis]
+                    push!(xtick_segs, (xtick, tick_start, z1), (xtick, tick_stop, z1)) # bottom tick
+                end
+                if xaxis[:grid]
+                    if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+                        push!(xgrid_segs, (xtick, ymin, 0.0), (xtick, ymax, 0.0))
+                        push!(xgrid_segs, (xtick, 0.0, zmin), (xtick, 0.0, zmax))
+                    else
+                        push!(xgrid_segs, (xtick, y1, z1), (xtick, y2, z1))
+                        push!(xgrid_segs, (xtick, y2, z1), (xtick, y2, z2))
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+
+            if !(xaxis[:minorticks] in (:none, nothing, false)) || xaxis[:minorgrid]
+                tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                    t = invf(f(0) + 0.006 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)))
+                    (-t, t)
+                else
+                    t = invf(f(y1) + 0.006 * (f(y2) - f(y1)) * ticks_in)
+                    (y1, t)
+                end
+                for xtick in xminorticks
+                    if xaxis[:showaxis]
+                        push!(xtick_segs, (xtick, tick_start, z1), (xtick, tick_stop, z1)) # bottom tick
+                    end
+                    if xaxis[:minorgrid]
+                        if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+                            push!(xminorgrid_segs, (xtick, ymin, 0.0), (xtick, ymax, 0.0))
+                            push!(xminorgrid_segs, (xtick, 0.0, zmin), (xtick, 0.0, zmax))
+                        else
+                            push!(xminorgrid_segs, (xtick, y1, z1), (xtick, y2, z1))
+                            push!(xminorgrid_segs, (xtick, y2, z1), (xtick, y2, z2))
+                        end
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+        end
+
+
+        # yaxis
+        x1, x2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(yaxis[:mirror], xaxis[:flip]) ? (xmin, xmax) : (xmax, xmin)
+        end
+        z1, z2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(yaxis[:mirror], zaxis[:flip]) ? (zmax, zmin) : (zmin, zmax)
+        end
+        if yaxis[:showaxis]
+            if sp[:framestyle] != :grid
+                push!(yaxis_segs, (x1, ymin, z1), (x1, ymax, z1))
+                # don't show the 0 tick label for the origin framestyle
+                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(yticks in (:none, nothing,false)) && length(yticks) > 1
+                    showticks = yticks[1] .!= 0
+                    yticks = (yticks[1][showticks], yticks[2][showticks])
+                end
+            end
+            sp[:framestyle] in (:semi, :box) && push!(yborder_segs, (x2, ymin, z2), (x2, ymax, z2)) # right spine
+        end
+        if !(yaxis[:ticks] in (:none, nothing, false))
+            f = scalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
+            invf = invscalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
+            tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                t = invf(f(0) + 0.012 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)))
+                (-t, t)
+            else
+                ticks_in = yaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
+                t = invf(f(x1) + 0.012 * (f(x2) - f(x1)) * ticks_in)
+                (x1, t)
+            end
+
+            for ytick in yticks[1]
+                if yaxis[:showaxis]
+                    push!(ytick_segs, (tick_start, ytick, z1), (tick_stop, ytick, z1)) # left tick
+                end
+                if yaxis[:grid]
+                    if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+                        push!(ygrid_segs, (xmin, ytick, 0.0), (xmax, ytick, 0.0))
+                        push!(ygrid_segs, (0.0, ytick, zmin), (0.0, ytick, zmax))
+                    else
+                        push!(ygrid_segs, (x1, ytick, z1), (x2, ytick, z1))
+                        push!(ygrid_segs, (x2, ytick, z1), (x2, ytick, z2))
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+
+            if !(yaxis[:minorticks] in (:none, nothing, false)) || yaxis[:minorgrid]
+                tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                    t = invf(f(0) + 0.006 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)))
+                    (-t, t)
+                else
+                    t = invf(f(x1) + 0.006 * (f(x2) - f(x1)) * ticks_in)
+                    (x1, t)
+                end
+                for ytick in yminorticks
+                    if yaxis[:showaxis]
+                        push!(ytick_segs, (tick_start, ytick, z1), (tick_stop, ytick, z1)) # left tick
+                    end
+                    if yaxis[:minorgrid]
+                        if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+                            push!(yminorgrid_segs, (xmin, ytick, 0.0), (xmax, ytick, 0.0))
+                            push!(yminorgrid_segs, (0.0, ytick, zmin), (0.0, ytick, zmax))
+                        else
+                            push!(yminorgrid_segs, (x1, ytick, z1), (x2, ytick, z1))
+                            push!(yminorgrid_segs, (x2, ytick, z1), (x2, ytick, z2))
+                        end
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+        end
+
+
+        # zaxis
+        x1, x2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(zaxis[:mirror], xaxis[:flip]) ? (xmax, xmin) : (xmin, xmax)
+        end
+        y1, y2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(zaxis[:mirror], yaxis[:flip]) ? (ymax, ymin) : (ymin, ymax)
+        end
+        if zaxis[:showaxis]
+            if sp[:framestyle] != :grid
+                push!(zaxis_segs, (x1, y1, zmin), (x1, y1, zmax))
+                # don't show the 0 tick label for the origin framestyle
+                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(zticks in (:none, nothing,false)) && length(zticks) > 1
+                    showticks = zticks[1] .!= 0
+                    zticks = (zticks[1][showticks], zticks[2][showticks])
+                end
+            end
+            sp[:framestyle] in (:semi, :box) && push!(zborder_segs, (x2, y2, zmin), (x2, y2, zmax))
+        end
+        if !(zaxis[:ticks] in (:none, nothing, false))
+            f = scalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
+            invf = invscalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
+            tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                t = invf(f(0) + 0.012 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)))
+                (-t, t)
+            else
+                ticks_in = zaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
+                t = invf(f(y1) + 0.012 * (f(y2) - f(y1)) * ticks_in)
+                (y1, t)
+            end
+
+            for ztick in zticks[1]
+                if zaxis[:showaxis]
+                    push!(ztick_segs, (x1, tick_start, ztick), (x1, tick_stop, ztick)) # left tick
+                end
+                if zaxis[:grid]
+                    if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+                        push!(zgrid_segs, (xmin, 0.0, ztick), (xmax, 0.0, ztick))
+                        push!(ygrid_segs, (0.0, ymin, ztick), (0.0, ymax, ztick))
+                    else
+                        push!(ygrid_segs, (x1, y1, ztick), (x1, y2, ztick))
+                        push!(ygrid_segs, (x1, y2, ztick), (x2, y2, ztick))
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+
+            if !(zaxis[:minorticks] in (:none, nothing, false)) || zaxis[:minorgrid]
+                tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                    t = invf(f(0) + 0.006 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)))
+                    (-t, t)
+                else
+                    t = invf(f(y1) + 0.006 * (f(y2) - f(y1)) * ticks_in)
+                    (y1, t)
+                end
+                for ztick in zminorticks
+                    if zaxis[:showaxis]
+                        push!(ztick_segs, (x1, tick_start, ztick), (x1, tick_stop, ztick)) # left tick
+                    end
+                    if zaxis[:minorgrid]
+                        if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+                            push!(zminorgrid_segs, (xmin, 0.0, ztick), (xmax, 0.0, ztick))
+                            push!(zminorgrid_segs, (0.0, ymin, ztick), (0.0, ymax, ztick))
+                        else
+                            push!(zminorgrid_segs, (x1, y1, ztick), (x1, y2, ztick))
+                            push!(zminorgrid_segs, (x1, y2, ztick), (x2, y2, ztick))
+                        end
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+        end
+    end
+
+    xticks, yticks, zticks, xaxis_segs, yaxis_segs, zaxis_segs, xtick_segs, ytick_segs, ztick_segs, xgrid_segs, ygrid_segs, zgrid_segs, xminorgrid_segs, yminorgrid_segs, zminorgrid_segs, xborder_segs, yborder_segs, zborder_segs
+end
@@ -7,16 +7,20 @@ const _backendSymbol = Dict{DataType, Symbol}(NoBackend => :none)
 const _backends = Symbol[]
 const _initialized_backends = Set{Symbol}()
 const _default_backends = (:none, :gr, :plotly)
-const _backendPackage = Dict{Symbol, Symbol}()
+
+const _backend_packages = Dict{Symbol, Symbol}()

 "Returns a list of supported backends"
 backends() = _backends

 "Returns the name of the current backend"
 backend_name() = CURRENT_BACKEND.sym
-_backend_instance(sym::Symbol) = haskey(_backendType, sym) ? _backendType[sym]() : error("Unsupported backend $sym")
-backend_package(pkg::Symbol) = pkg in _default_backends ? :Plots : Symbol("Plots", _backendPackage[pkg])
-backend_package_name(sym::Symbol) = sym in _default_backends ? :Plots : _backendPackage[sym]
+
+function _backend_instance(sym::Symbol)::AbstractBackend
+    haskey(_backendType, sym) ? _backendType[sym]() : error("Unsupported backend $sym")
+end
+
+backend_package_name(sym::Symbol) = _backend_packages[sym]

 macro init_backend(s)
    package_str = string(s)
@@ -26,14 +30,13 @@ macro init_backend(s)
    esc(quote
        struct $T <: AbstractBackend end
        export $sym
-        $sym(; kw...) = (default(; kw...); backend(Symbol($str)))
+        $sym(; kw...) = (default(; kw...); backend($T()))
        backend_name(::$T) = Symbol($str)
        backend_package_name(pkg::$T) = backend_package_name(Symbol($str))
        push!(_backends, Symbol($str))
        _backendType[Symbol($str)] = $T
        _backendSymbol[$T] = Symbol($str)
-        _backendPackage[Symbol($str)] = Symbol($package_str)
-        # include("backends/" * $str * ".jl")
+        _backend_packages[Symbol($str)] = Symbol($package_str)
    end)
 end

@@ -42,12 +45,6 @@ end

 # ---------------------------------------------------------

-function add_backend(pkg::Symbol)
-    @info("To do a standard install of $pkg, copy and run this:\n\n")
-    println(add_backend_string(_backend_instance(pkg)))
-    println()
-end
-
 # don't do anything as a default
 _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot) = nothing
 _prepare_plot_object(plt::Plot) = nothing
@@ -77,9 +74,9 @@ end
 text_size(lab::AbstractString, sz::Number, rot::Number = 0) = text_size(length(lab), sz, rot)

 # account for the size/length/rotation of tick labels
-function tick_padding(axis::Axis)
-    ticks = get_ticks(axis)
-    if ticks == nothing
+function tick_padding(sp::Subplot, axis::Axis)
+    ticks = get_ticks(sp, axis)
+    if ticks === nothing
        0mm
    else
        vals, labs = ticks
@@ -108,10 +105,10 @@ end
 # to fit ticks, tick labels, guides, colorbars, etc.
 function _update_min_padding!(sp::Subplot)
    # TODO: something different when `is3d(sp) == true`
-    leftpad   = tick_padding(sp[:yaxis]) + sp[:left_margin]   + guide_padding(sp[:yaxis])
+    leftpad   = tick_padding(sp, sp[:yaxis]) + sp[:left_margin]   + guide_padding(sp[:yaxis])
    toppad    = sp[:top_margin]    + title_padding(sp)
    rightpad  = sp[:right_margin]
-    bottompad = tick_padding(sp[:xaxis]) + sp[:bottom_margin] + guide_padding(sp[:xaxis])
+    bottompad = tick_padding(sp, sp[:xaxis]) + sp[:bottom_margin] + guide_padding(sp[:xaxis])

    # switch them?
    if sp[:xaxis][:mirror]
@@ -138,33 +135,22 @@ CurrentBackend(sym::Symbol) = CurrentBackend(sym, _backend_instance(sym))

 # ---------------------------------------------------------

-function pickDefaultBackend()
+_fallback_default_backend() = backend(GRBackend())
+
+function _pick_default_backend()
    env_default = get(ENV, "PLOTS_DEFAULT_BACKEND", "")
    if env_default != ""
        sym = Symbol(lowercase(env_default))
        if sym in _backends
-            if sym in _initialized_backends
-                return backend(sym)
-            else
-                @warn("You have set `PLOTS_DEFAULT_BACKEND=$env_default` but `$(backend_package_name(sym))` is not loaded.")
-            end
+            backend(sym)
        else
-            @warn("You have set PLOTS_DEFAULT_BACKEND=$env_default but it is not a valid backend package.  Choose from:\n\t",
+            @warn("You have set PLOTS_DEFAULT_BACKEND=$env_default but it is not a valid backend package.  Choose from:\n\t" *
                 join(sort(_backends), "\n\t"))
+            _fallback_default_backend()
        end
+    else
+        _fallback_default_backend()
    end
-
-    # the ordering/inclusion of this package list is my semi-arbitrary guess at
-    # which one someone will want to use if they have the package installed...accounting for
-    # features, speed, and robustness
-    # for pkgstr in ("GR", "PyPlot", "PlotlyJS", "PGFPlots", "UnicodePlots", "InspectDR", "GLVisualize")
-    #     if pkgstr in keys(Pkg.installed())
-    #         return backend(Symbol(lowercase(pkgstr)))
-    #     end
-    # end
-
-    # the default if nothing else is installed
-    backend(:gr)
 end


@@ -174,13 +160,11 @@ end
 Returns the current plotting package name.  Initializes package on first call.
 """
 function backend()
+    if CURRENT_BACKEND.sym == :none
+        _pick_default_backend()
+    end

-  global CURRENT_BACKEND
-  if CURRENT_BACKEND.sym == :none
-    pickDefaultBackend()
-  end
-
-  CURRENT_BACKEND.pkg
+    CURRENT_BACKEND.pkg
 end

 """
@@ -188,20 +172,13 @@ Set the plot backend.
 """
 function backend(pkg::AbstractBackend)
    sym = backend_name(pkg)
-    if sym in _initialized_backends
-        CURRENT_BACKEND.sym = backend_name(pkg)
-        CURRENT_BACKEND.pkg = pkg
-    else
-        # try
-            _initialize_backend(pkg)
-            push!(_initialized_backends, sym)
-            CURRENT_BACKEND.sym = backend_name(pkg)
-            CURRENT_BACKEND.pkg = pkg
-        # catch
-        #     add_backend(sym)
-        # end
+    if !(sym in _initialized_backends)
+        _initialize_backend(pkg)
+        push!(_initialized_backends, sym)
    end
-    backend()
+    CURRENT_BACKEND.sym = sym
+    CURRENT_BACKEND.pkg = pkg
+    pkg
 end

 function backend(sym::Symbol)
@@ -209,15 +186,15 @@ function backend(sym::Symbol)
        backend(_backend_instance(sym))
    else
        @warn("`:$sym` is not a supported backend.")
+        backend()
    end
-    backend()
 end

-const _deprecated_backends = [:qwt, :winston, :bokeh, :gadfly, :immerse]
+const _deprecated_backends = [:qwt, :winston, :bokeh, :gadfly, :immerse, :glvisualize]

 function warn_on_deprecated_backend(bsym::Symbol)
    if bsym in _deprecated_backends
-        @warn("Backend $bsym has been deprecated.  It may not work as originally intended.")
+        @warn("Backend $bsym has been deprecated.")
    end
 end

@@ -251,7 +228,7 @@ const _base_supported_args = [
    :subplot_index,
    :discrete_values,
    :projection,
-
+    :show_empty_bins
 ]

 function merge_with_base_supported(v::AVec)
@@ -268,18 +245,13 @@ end



-# @init_backend Immerse
-# @init_backend Gadfly
@init_backend PyPlot
-# @init_backend Qwt
@init_backend UnicodePlots
-# @init_backend Winston
-# @init_backend Bokeh
@init_backend Plotly
@init_backend PlotlyJS
@init_backend GR
-@init_backend GLVisualize
@init_backend PGFPlots
+@init_backend PGFPlotsX
@init_backend InspectDR
@init_backend HDF5

@@ -322,72 +294,198 @@ function _initialize_backend(pkg::AbstractBackend)
    end
 end

-function add_backend_string(pkg::AbstractBackend)
-    sym = backend_package_name(pkg)
-    """
-    using Pkg
-    Pkg.add("$sym")
-    """
-end
+_initialize_backend(pkg::GRBackend) = nothing

 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# glvisualize
+# gr

-function _initialize_backend(::GLVisualizeBackend; kw...)
-    @eval Main begin
-        import GLVisualize, GeometryTypes, Reactive, GLAbstraction, GLWindow, Contour
-        import GeometryTypes: Point2f0, Point3f0, Vec2f0, Vec3f0, GLNormalMesh, SimpleRectangle, Point, Vec
-        import FileIO, Images
-        export GLVisualize
-        import Reactive: Signal
-        import GLAbstraction: Style
-        import GLVisualize: visualize
-        import Plots.GL
-        import UnicodeFun
+const _gr_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
+    :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_axis,
+    :foreground_color_text, :foreground_color_border,
+    :label,
+    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
+    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
+    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
+    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
+    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
+    :bins,
+    :layout,
+    :title, :window_title,
+    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip,
+    :match_dimensions,
+    :titlefontfamily, :titlefontsize, :titlefonthalign, :titlefontvalign,
+    :titlefontrotation, :titlefontcolor,
+    :legendfontfamily, :legendfontsize, :legendfonthalign, :legendfontvalign,
+    :legendfontrotation, :legendfontcolor,
+    :tickfontfamily, :tickfontsize, :tickfonthalign, :tickfontvalign,
+    :tickfontrotation, :tickfontcolor,
+    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefonthalign, :guidefontvalign,
+    :guidefontrotation, :guidefontcolor,
+    :grid, :gridalpha, :gridstyle, :gridlinewidth,
+    :legend, :legendtitle, :colorbar, :colorbar_title, :colorbar_entry,
+    :fill_z, :line_z, :marker_z, :levels,
+    :ribbon, :quiver,
+    :orientation,
+    :overwrite_figure,
+    :polar,
+    :aspect_ratio,
+    :normalize, :weights,
+    :inset_subplots,
+    :bar_width,
+    :arrow,
+    :framestyle,
+    :tick_direction,
+    :camera,
+    :contour_labels,
+])
+const _gr_seriestype = [
+    :path, :scatter, :straightline,
+    :heatmap, :pie, :image,
+    :contour, :path3d, :scatter3d, :surface, :wireframe, :volume,
+    :shape
+]
+const _gr_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot, :dashdotdot]
+const _gr_marker = _allMarkers
+const _gr_scale = [:identity, :log10]
+is_marker_supported(::GRBackend, shape::Shape) = true
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# plotly
+
+function _initialize_backend(pkg::PlotlyBackend)
+    try
+        @eval Main begin
+            import ORCA
+        end
+    catch
+        @info "For saving to png with the Plotly backend ORCA has to be installed."
    end
 end

-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# hdf5
+const _plotly_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
+    :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_guide,
+    :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_axis,
+    :foreground_color_text, :foreground_color_border,
+    :foreground_color_title,
+    :label,
+    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
+    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
+    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
+    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha, :markerstrokestyle,
+    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
+    :bins,
+    :title, :title_location,
+    :titlefontfamily, :titlefontsize, :titlefonthalign, :titlefontvalign,
+    :titlefontcolor,
+    :legendfontfamily, :legendfontsize, :legendfontcolor,
+    :tickfontfamily, :tickfontsize, :tickfontcolor,
+    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefontcolor,
+    :window_title,
+    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
+    :tickfont, :guidefont, :legendfont,
+    :grid, :gridalpha, :gridlinewidth,
+    :legend, :colorbar, :colorbar_title, :colorbar_entry,
+    :marker_z, :fill_z, :line_z, :levels,
+    :ribbon, :quiver,
+    :orientation,
+    # :overwrite_figure,
+    :polar,
+    :normalize, :weights,
+    # :contours,
+    :aspect_ratio,
+    :hover,
+    :inset_subplots,
+    :bar_width,
+    :clims,
+    :framestyle,
+    :tick_direction,
+    :camera,
+    :contour_labels,
+  ])

-function _initialize_backend(::HDF5Backend)
-    @eval Main begin
-        import HDF5
-        export HDF5
-    end
-end
+const _plotly_seriestype = [
+    :path, :scatter, :pie, :heatmap,
+    :contour, :surface, :wireframe, :path3d, :scatter3d, :shape, :scattergl,
+    :straightline
+]
+const _plotly_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
+const _plotly_marker = [
+    :none, :auto, :circle, :rect, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle,
+    :cross, :xcross, :pentagon, :hexagon, :octagon, :vline, :hline
+]
+const _plotly_scale = [:identity, :log10]
+
+defaultOutputFormat(plt::Plot{Plots.PlotlyBackend}) = "html"

 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# PGFPLOTS
+# pgfplots

-function add_backend_string(::PGFPlotsBackend)
-    """
-    using Pkg
-    Pkg.add("PGFPlots")
-    Pkg.build("PGFPlots")
-    """
-end
+const _pgfplots_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :background_color_legend,
+    :background_color_inside,
+    # :background_color_outside,
+    # :foreground_color_legend,
+    :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_axis,
+    :foreground_color_text, :foreground_color_border,
+    :label,
+    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
+    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
+    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
+    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha, :markerstrokestyle,
+    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
+    :bins,
+    # :bar_width, :bar_edges,
+    :title,
+    # :window_title,
+    :guide, :guide_position, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
+    :tickfont, :guidefont, :legendfont,
+    :grid, :legend,
+    :colorbar, :colorbar_title,
+    :fill_z, :line_z, :marker_z, :levels,
+    # :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
+    # :orientation,
+    # :overwrite_figure,
+    :polar,
+    # :normalize, :weights, :contours,
+    :aspect_ratio,
+    # :match_dimensions,
+    :tick_direction,
+    :framestyle,
+    :camera,
+    :contour_labels,
+])
+const _pgfplots_seriestype = [:path, :path3d, :scatter, :steppre, :stepmid, :steppost, :histogram2d, :ysticks, :xsticks, :contour, :shape, :straightline,]
+const _pgfplots_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot, :dashdotdot]
+const _pgfplots_marker = [:none, :auto, :circle, :rect, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle, :cross, :xcross, :star5, :pentagon, :hline, :vline] #vcat(_allMarkers, Shape)
+const _pgfplots_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]

 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # plotlyjs

-function add_backend_string(::PlotlyJSBackend)
-    """
-    using Pkg
-    Pkg.add("PlotlyJS")
-    Pkg.add("Rsvg")
-    import Blink
-    Blink.AtomShell.install()
-    """
+function _initialize_backend(pkg::PlotlyJSBackend)
+    @eval Main begin
+        import PlotlyJS, ORCA
+        export PlotlyJS
+    end
 end

+const _plotlyjs_attr        = _plotly_attr
+const _plotlyjs_seriestype  = _plotly_seriestype
+const _plotlyjs_style       = _plotly_style
+const _plotlyjs_marker      = _plotly_marker
+const _plotlyjs_scale       = _plotly_scale
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # pyplot

 function _initialize_backend(::PyPlotBackend)
    @eval Main begin
-        import PyPlot, PyCall
-        import LaTeXStrings
+        import PyPlot

        export PyPlot

@@ -396,25 +494,309 @@ function _initialize_backend(::PyPlotBackend)
    end
 end

-function add_backend_string(::PyPlotBackend)
-    """
-    using Pkg
-    Pkg.add("PyPlot")
-    Pkg.add("PyCall")
-    Pkg.add("LaTeXStrings")
-    withenv("PYTHON" => "") do
-        Pkg.build("PyCall")
-        Pkg.build("PyPlot")
-    end
-    """
-end
+const _pyplot_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
+    :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_title,
+    :foreground_color_axis, :foreground_color_border, :foreground_color_guide, :foreground_color_text,
+    :label,
+    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
+    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
+    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
+    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
+    :bins, :bar_width, :bar_edges, :bar_position,
+    :title, :title_location, :titlefont,
+    :window_title,
+    :guide, :guide_position, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
+    :titlefontfamily, :titlefontsize, :titlefontcolor,
+    :legendfontfamily, :legendfontsize, :legendfontcolor,
+    :tickfontfamily, :tickfontsize, :tickfontcolor,
+    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefontcolor,
+    :grid, :gridalpha, :gridstyle, :gridlinewidth,
+    :legend, :legendtitle, :colorbar, :colorbar_title, :colorbar_entry,
+    :marker_z, :line_z, :fill_z,
+    :levels,
+    :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
+    :orientation,
+    :overwrite_figure,
+    :polar,
+    :normalize, :weights,
+    :contours, :aspect_ratio,
+    :match_dimensions,
+    :clims,
+    :inset_subplots,
+    :dpi,
+    :stride,
+    :framestyle,
+    :tick_direction,
+    :camera,
+    :contour_labels,
+  ])
+const _pyplot_seriestype = [
+        :path, :steppre, :steppost, :shape, :straightline,
+        :scatter, :hexbin, #:histogram2d, :histogram,
+        # :bar,
+        :heatmap, :pie, :image,
+        :contour, :contour3d, :path3d, :scatter3d, :surface, :wireframe
+    ]
+const _pyplot_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
+const _pyplot_marker = vcat(_allMarkers, :pixel)
+const _pyplot_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]

 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # unicodeplots
-function add_backend_string(::UnicodePlotsBackend)
-    """
-    using Pkg
-    Pkg.add("UnicodePlots")
-    Pkg.build("UnicodePlots")
-    """
-end
+
+const _unicodeplots_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :label,
+    :legend,
+    :seriescolor,
+    :seriesalpha,
+    :linestyle,
+    :markershape,
+    :bins,
+    :title,
+    :guide, :lims,
+  ])
+const _unicodeplots_seriestype = [
+    :path, :scatter, :straightline,
+    # :bar,
+    :shape,
+    :histogram2d,
+    :spy
+]
+const _unicodeplots_style = [:auto, :solid]
+const _unicodeplots_marker = [:none, :auto, :circle]
+const _unicodeplots_scale = [:identity]
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# hdf5
+
+const _hdf5_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
+    :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_title,
+    :foreground_color_axis, :foreground_color_border, :foreground_color_guide, :foreground_color_text,
+    :label,
+    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
+    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
+    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
+    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
+    :bins, :bar_width, :bar_edges, :bar_position,
+    :title, :title_location, :titlefont,
+    :window_title,
+    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
+    :tickfont, :guidefont, :legendfont,
+    :grid, :legend, :colorbar,
+    :marker_z, :line_z, :fill_z,
+    :levels,
+    :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
+    :orientation,
+    :overwrite_figure,
+    :polar,
+    :normalize, :weights,
+    :contours, :aspect_ratio,
+    :match_dimensions,
+    :clims,
+    :inset_subplots,
+    :dpi,
+    :colorbar_title,
+  ])
+const _hdf5_seriestype = [
+        :path, :steppre, :steppost, :shape, :straightline,
+        :scatter, :hexbin, #:histogram2d, :histogram,
+        # :bar,
+        :heatmap, :pie, :image,
+        :contour, :contour3d, :path3d, :scatter3d, :surface, :wireframe
+    ]
+const _hdf5_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
+const _hdf5_marker = vcat(_allMarkers, :pixel)
+const _hdf5_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# inspectdr
+
+const _inspectdr_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
+    # :foreground_color_grid,
+    :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_title,
+    :foreground_color_axis, :foreground_color_border, :foreground_color_guide, :foreground_color_text,
+    :label,
+    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
+    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
+    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
+    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
+    :markerstrokestyle, #Causes warning not to have it... what is this?
+    :fillcolor, :fillalpha, #:fillrange,
+#    :bins, :bar_width, :bar_edges, :bar_position,
+    :title, :title_location,
+    :window_title,
+    :guide, :lims, :scale, #:ticks, :flip, :rotation,
+    :titlefontfamily, :titlefontsize, :titlefontcolor,
+    :legendfontfamily, :legendfontsize, :legendfontcolor,
+    :tickfontfamily, :tickfontsize, :tickfontcolor,
+    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefontcolor,
+    :grid, :legend, #:colorbar,
+#    :marker_z,
+#    :line_z,
+#    :levels,
+ #   :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
+#    :orientation,
+    :overwrite_figure,
+    :polar,
+#    :normalize, :weights,
+#    :contours, :aspect_ratio,
+    :match_dimensions,
+#    :clims,
+#    :inset_subplots,
+    :dpi,
+#    :colorbar_title,
+  ])
+const _inspectdr_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
+const _inspectdr_seriestype = [
+        :path, :scatter, :shape, :straightline, #, :steppre, :steppost
+    ]
+#see: _allMarkers, _shape_keys
+const _inspectdr_marker = Symbol[
+    :none, :auto,
+    :circle, :rect, :diamond,
+    :cross, :xcross,
+    :utriangle, :dtriangle, :rtriangle, :ltriangle,
+    :pentagon, :hexagon, :heptagon, :octagon,
+    :star4, :star5, :star6, :star7, :star8,
+    :vline, :hline, :+, :x,
+]
+
+const _inspectdr_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# pgfplotsx
+
+const _pgfplotsx_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :background_color_legend,
+    :background_color_inside,
+    :background_color_outside,
+    :foreground_color_legend,
+    :foreground_color_grid,
+    :foreground_color_axis,
+    :foreground_color_text,
+    :foreground_color_border,
+    :label,
+    :seriescolor,
+    :seriesalpha,
+    :linecolor,
+    :linestyle,
+    :linewidth,
+    :linealpha,
+    :markershape,
+    :markercolor,
+    :markersize,
+    :markeralpha,
+    :markerstrokewidth,
+    :markerstrokecolor,
+    :markerstrokealpha,
+    :fillrange,
+    :fillcolor,
+    :fillalpha,
+    :bins,
+    :layout,
+    :title,
+    :window_title,
+    :guide,
+    :lims,
+    :ticks,
+    :scale,
+    :flip,
+    :match_dimensions,
+    :titlefontfamily,
+    :titlefontsize,
+    :titlefonthalign,
+    :titlefontvalign,
+    :titlefontrotation,
+    :titlefontcolor,
+    :legendfontfamily,
+    :legendfontsize,
+    :legendfonthalign,
+    :legendfontvalign,
+    :legendfontrotation,
+    :legendfontcolor,
+    :tickfontfamily,
+    :tickfontsize,
+    :tickfonthalign,
+    :tickfontvalign,
+    :tickfontrotation,
+    :tickfontcolor,
+    :guidefontfamily,
+    :guidefontsize,
+    :guidefonthalign,
+    :guidefontvalign,
+    :guidefontrotation,
+    :guidefontcolor,
+    :grid,
+    :gridalpha,
+    :gridstyle,
+    :gridlinewidth,
+    :legend,
+    :legendtitle,
+    :colorbar,
+    :colorbar_title,
+    :colorbar_entry,
+    :fill_z,
+    :line_z,
+    :marker_z,
+    :levels,
+    :ribbon,
+    :quiver,
+    :orientation,
+    :overwrite_figure,
+    :polar,
+    :aspect_ratio,
+    :normalize,
+    :weights,
+    :inset_subplots,
+    :bar_width,
+    :arrow,
+    :framestyle,
+    :tick_direction,
+    :camera,
+    :contour_labels,
+])
+const _pgfplotsx_seriestype = [
+    :path,
+    :scatter,
+    :straightline,
+    :path3d,
+    :scatter3d,
+    :surface,
+    :wireframe,
+    :heatmap,
+    :contour,
+    :contour3d,
+    :shape,
+    :steppre,
+    :stepmid,
+    :steppost,
+    :ysticks,
+    :xsticks,
+]
+const _pgfplotsx_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot, :dashdotdot]
+const _pgfplotsx_marker = [
+    :none,
+    :auto,
+    :circle,
+    :rect,
+    :diamond,
+    :utriangle,
+    :dtriangle,
+    :ltriangle,
+    :rtriangle,
+    :cross,
+    :xcross,
+    :star5,
+    :pentagon,
+    :hline,
+    :vline,
+    Shape,
+]
+const _pgfplotsx_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]
+is_marker_supported(::PGFPlotsXBackend, shape::Shape) = true
@@ -16,16 +16,19 @@ Read from .hdf5 file using:

 #==TODO
 ===============================================================================
- 1. Support more features
-    - SeriesAnnotations & GridLayout known to be missing.
- 3. Improve error handling.
+ 1. Support more features.
+    - GridLayout known not to be working.
+ 2. Improve error handling.
    - Will likely crash if file format is off.
- 2. Save data in a folder parallel to "plot".
+ 3. Save data in a folder parallel to "plot".
    - Will make it easier for users to locate data.
    - Use HDF5 reference to link data?
- 3. Develop an actual versioned file format.
+ 4. Develop an actual versioned file format.
    - Should have some form of backward compatibility.
    - Should be reliable for archival purposes.
+ 5. Fix construction of plot object with hdf5plot_read.
+    - Not building object correctly when backends do not natively support
+      a certain feature (ex: :steppre)
 ==#

 import FixedPointNumbers: N0f8 #In core Julia
@@ -56,53 +59,13 @@ const HDF5PLOT_PLOTREF = HDF5Plot_PlotRef(nothing)

 #Simple sub-structures that can just be written out using _hdf5plot_gwritefields:
 const HDF5PLOT_SIMPLESUBSTRUCT = Union{Font, BoundingBox,
-	GridLayout, RootLayout, ColorGradient, SeriesAnnotations, PlotText
+	GridLayout, RootLayout, ColorGradient, SeriesAnnotations, PlotText,
+	Shape,
 }


 #==
 ===============================================================================#
-
-const _hdf5_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
-    :annotations,
-    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
-    :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_title,
-    :foreground_color_axis, :foreground_color_border, :foreground_color_guide, :foreground_color_text,
-    :label,
-    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
-    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
-    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
-    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
-    :bins, :bar_width, :bar_edges, :bar_position,
-    :title, :title_location, :titlefont,
-    :window_title,
-    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
-    :tickfont, :guidefont, :legendfont,
-    :grid, :legend, :colorbar,
-    :marker_z, :line_z, :fill_z,
-    :levels,
-    :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
-    :orientation,
-    :overwrite_figure,
-    :polar,
-    :normalize, :weights,
-    :contours, :aspect_ratio,
-    :match_dimensions,
-    :clims,
-    :inset_subplots,
-    :dpi,
-    :colorbar_title,
-  ])
-const _hdf5_seriestype = [
-        :path, :steppre, :steppost, :shape, :straightline,
-        :scatter, :hexbin, #:histogram2d, :histogram,
-        # :bar,
-        :heatmap, :pie, :image,
-        :contour, :contour3d, :path3d, :scatter3d, :surface, :wireframe
-    ]
-const _hdf5_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
-const _hdf5_marker = vcat(_allMarkers, :pixel)
-const _hdf5_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]
 is_marker_supported(::HDF5Backend, shape::Shape) = true

 if length(HDF5PLOT_MAP_TELEM2STR) < 1
@@ -125,7 +88,8 @@ if length(HDF5PLOT_MAP_TELEM2STR) < 1
        "GRIDLAYOUT" => GridLayout,
        "ROOTLAYOUT" => RootLayout,
        "SERIESANNOTATIONS" => SeriesAnnotations,
-#                "PLOTTEXT" => PlotText,
+        "PLOTTEXT" => PlotText,
+        "SHAPE" => Shape,
        "COLORGRADIENT" => ColorGradient,
        "AXIS" => Axis,
        "SURFACE" => Surface,
@@ -145,7 +109,7 @@ _hdf5_datapath(subpath::String) = "$_hdf5_dataroot/$subpath"
 _hdf5_map_str2telem(k::String) = HDF5PLOT_MAP_STR2TELEM[k]
 _hdf5_map_str2telem(v::Vector) = HDF5PLOT_MAP_STR2TELEM[v[1]]

-function _hdf5_merge!(dest::Dict, src::Dict)
+function _hdf5_merge!(dest, src)
    for (k, v) in src
        if isa(v, Axis)
            _hdf5_merge!(dest[k].plotattributes, v.plotattributes)
@@ -284,6 +248,14 @@ end
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

 function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v) #Default
+    T = typeof(v)
+    if !(T <: Number || T <: String)
+        tstr = string(T)
+        path = HDF5.name(grp) * "/" * k
+        @info("Type not supported: $tstr\npath: $path")
+#        @show v
+        return
+    end
    grp[k] = v
    _hdf5plot_writetype(grp, k, HDF5PlotNative)
 end
@@ -323,7 +295,7 @@ function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Tuple)
    end
    #NOTE: _hdf5plot_overwritetype overwrites "Array" type with "Tuple".
 end
-function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, plotattributes::Dict)
+function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, plotattributes::AKW)
 #    @warn("Cannot write dict: $k=$plotattributes")
 end
 function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::AbstractRange)
@@ -338,10 +310,6 @@ function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Colorant)
 end
 #Custom vector (when not using simple numeric type):
 function _hdf5plot_gwritearray(grp, k::String, v::Array{T}) where T
-    if "annotations" == k;
-        return #Hack.  Does not yet support annotations.
-    end
-
    vgrp = HDF5.g_create(grp, k)
    _hdf5plot_writetype(vgrp, Array) #ANY
    sz = size(v)
@@ -351,7 +319,7 @@ function _hdf5plot_gwritearray(grp, k::String, v::Array{T}) where T
        coord = lidx[iter]
        elem = v[iter]
        idxstr = join(coord, "_")
-        _hdf5plot_gwrite(vgrp, "v$idxstr", v[iter])
+        _hdf5plot_gwrite(vgrp, "v$idxstr", elem)
    end

    _hdf5plot_gwrite(vgrp, "dim", [sz...])
@@ -402,17 +370,13 @@ end
 #     return
 # end

-function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::SeriesAnnotations)
-    #Currently no support for SeriesAnnotations
-    return
-end
 function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Subplot)
    grp = HDF5.g_create(grp, k)
    _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, "index", v[:subplot_index])
    _hdf5plot_writetype(grp, Subplot)
    return
 end
-function _hdf5plot_write(grp, plotattributes::Dict)
+function _hdf5plot_write(grp, plotattributes::AKW)
    for (k, v) in plotattributes
        kstr = string(k)
        _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, kstr, v)
@@ -528,6 +492,29 @@ function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{HDF5CTuple}, dtid)
    v = _hdf5plot_read(grp, k, Array, dtid)
    return tuple(v...)
 end
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{PlotText}, dtid)
+    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)
+
+    str = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "str")
+    font = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "font")
+    return PlotText(str, font)
+end
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{SeriesAnnotations}, dtid)
+    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)
+
+    strs = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "strs")
+    font = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "font")
+    baseshape = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "baseshape")
+    scalefactor = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "scalefactor")
+    return SeriesAnnotations(strs, font, baseshape, scalefactor)
+end
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Shape}, dtid)
+    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)
+
+    x = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "x")
+    y = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "y")
+    return Shape(x, y)
+end
 function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{ColorGradient}, dtid)
    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)

@@ -580,7 +567,7 @@ function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String)
 end

 #Read in values in group to populate plotattributes:
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, plotattributes::Dict)
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, plotattributes::AKW)
    gnames = names(grp)
    for k in gnames
        try
@@ -601,11 +588,6 @@ end
 function _hdf5plot_read(sp::Subplot, subpath::String, f)
    f = f::HDF5.HDF5File #Assert

-    grp = HDF5.g_open(f, _hdf5_plotelempath("$subpath/attr"))
-    kwlist = KW()
-    _hdf5plot_read(grp, kwlist)
-    _hdf5_merge!(sp.attr, kwlist)
-
    grp = HDF5.g_open(f, _hdf5_plotelempath("$subpath/series_list"))
    nseries = _hdf5plot_readcount(grp)

@@ -617,6 +599,12 @@ function _hdf5plot_read(sp::Subplot, subpath::String, f)
        _hdf5_merge!(sp.series_list[end].plotattributes, kwlist)
    end

+    #Perform after adding series... otherwise values get overwritten:
+    grp = HDF5.g_open(f, _hdf5_plotelempath("$subpath/attr"))
+    kwlist = KW()
+    _hdf5plot_read(grp, kwlist)
+    _hdf5_merge!(sp.attr, kwlist)
+
    return
 end

@@ -14,59 +14,6 @@ Add in functionality to Plots.jl:
 =#

 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-#TODO: remove features
-const _inspectdr_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
-    :annotations,
-    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
-    # :foreground_color_grid,
-    :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_title,
-    :foreground_color_axis, :foreground_color_border, :foreground_color_guide, :foreground_color_text,
-    :label,
-    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
-    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
-    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
-    :markerstrokestyle, #Causes warning not to have it... what is this?
-    :fillcolor, :fillalpha, #:fillrange,
-#    :bins, :bar_width, :bar_edges, :bar_position,
-    :title, :title_location,
-    :window_title,
-    :guide, :lims, :scale, #:ticks, :flip, :rotation,
-    :titlefontfamily, :titlefontsize, :titlefontcolor,
-    :legendfontfamily, :legendfontsize, :legendfontcolor,
-    :tickfontfamily, :tickfontsize, :tickfontcolor,
-    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefontcolor,
-    :grid, :legend, #:colorbar,
-#    :marker_z,
-#    :line_z,
-#    :levels,
- #   :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
-#    :orientation,
-    :overwrite_figure,
-    :polar,
-#    :normalize, :weights,
-#    :contours, :aspect_ratio,
-    :match_dimensions,
-#    :clims,
-#    :inset_subplots,
-    :dpi,
-#    :colorbar_title,
-  ])
-const _inspectdr_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
-const _inspectdr_seriestype = [
-        :path, :scatter, :shape, :straightline, #, :steppre, :steppost
-    ]
-#see: _allMarkers, _shape_keys
-const _inspectdr_marker = Symbol[
-    :none, :auto,
-    :circle, :rect, :diamond,
-    :cross, :xcross,
-    :utriangle, :dtriangle, :rtriangle, :ltriangle,
-    :pentagon, :hexagon, :heptagon, :octagon,
-    :star4, :star5, :star6, :star7, :star8,
-    :vline, :hline, :+, :x,
-]
-
-const _inspectdr_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]

 is_marker_supported(::InspectDRBackend, shape::Shape) = true

@@ -174,9 +121,9 @@ function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{InspectDRBackend})
    gplot = _inspectdr_getgui(plt.o)

    #:overwrite_figure: want to reuse current figure
-    if plt[:overwrite_figure] && mplot != nothing
+    if plt[:overwrite_figure] && mplot !== nothing
        mplot.subplots = [] #Reset
-        if gplot != nothing #Ensure still references current plot
+        if gplot !== nothing #Ensure still references current plot
            gplot.src = mplot
        end
    else #want new one:
@@ -260,8 +207,10 @@ For st in :shape:
            nmax = i
            if length(rng) > 1
                linewidth = series[:linewidth]
-                linecolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(series[:linecolor], i))
-                fillcolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(series[:fillcolor], i))
+                c = plot_color(get_linecolor(series), get_linealpha(series))
+                linecolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(c, i))
+                c = plot_color(get_fillcolor(series), get_fillalpha(series))
+                fillcolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(c, i))
                line = InspectDR.line(
                    style=:solid, width=linewidth, color=linecolor
                )
@@ -275,8 +224,10 @@ For st in :shape:
        i = (nmax >= 2 ? div(nmax, 2) : nmax) #Must pick one set of colors for legend
        if i > 1 #Add dummy waveform for legend entry:
            linewidth = series[:linewidth]
-            linecolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(series[:linecolor], i))
-            fillcolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(series[:fillcolor], i))
+            c = plot_color(get_linecolor(series), get_linealpha(series))
+            linecolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(c, i))
+            c = plot_color(get_fillcolor(series), get_fillalpha(series))
+            fillcolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(c, i))
            wfrm = InspectDR.add(plot, Float64[], Float64[], id=series[:label])
            wfrm.line = InspectDR.line(
                style=:none, width=linewidth, #linewidth affects glyph
@@ -295,7 +246,7 @@ For st in :shape:
        wfrm.line = InspectDR.line(
            style = _style,
            width = series[:linewidth],
-            color = series[:linecolor],
+            color = plot_color(get_linecolor(series), get_linealpha(series)),
        )
        #InspectDR does not control markerstrokewidth independently.
        if :none == _style
@@ -305,8 +256,8 @@ For st in :shape:
        wfrm.glyph = InspectDR.glyph(
            shape = _inspectdr_mapglyph(series[:markershape]),
            size = _inspectdr_mapglyphsize(series[:markersize]),
-            color = _inspectdr_mapcolor(series[:markerstrokecolor]),
-            fillcolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(series[:markercolor]),
+            color = _inspectdr_mapcolor(plot_color(series[:markerstrokecolor], series[:markerstrokealpha])),
+            fillcolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(plot_color(series[:markercolor], series[:markeralpha])),
        )
    end

@@ -343,8 +294,8 @@ function _inspectdr_setupsubplot(sp::Subplot{InspectDRBackend})

        plot.xscale = _inspectdr_getscale(xaxis[:scale], false)
        strip.yscale = _inspectdr_getscale(yaxis[:scale], true)
-        xmin, xmax  = axis_limits(xaxis)
-        ymin, ymax  = axis_limits(yaxis)
+        xmin, xmax  = axis_limits(sp, :x)
+        ymin, ymax  = axis_limits(sp, :y)
        if ispolar(sp)
            #Plots.jl appears to give (xmin,xmax) ≜ (Θmin,Θmax) & (ymin,ymax) ≜ (rmin,rmax)
            rmax = NaNMath.max(abs(ymin), abs(ymax))
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+function plotlybase_syncplot(plt::Plot)
+    plt.o = ORCA.PlotlyBase.Plot()
+    traces = ORCA.PlotlyBase.GenericTrace[]
+    for series_dict in plotly_series(plt)
+        plotly_type = pop!(series_dict, :type)
+        push!(traces, ORCA.PlotlyBase.GenericTrace(plotly_type; series_dict...))
+    end
+    ORCA.PlotlyBase.addtraces!(plt.o, traces...)
+    layout = plotly_layout(plt)
+    w, h = plt[:size]
+    ORCA.PlotlyBase.relayout!(plt.o, layout, width = w, height = h)
+    return plt.o
+end
+
+const _orca_mimeformats = Dict(
+    "application/pdf" => "pdf",
+    "image/png"       => "png",
+    "image/svg+xml"   => "svg",
+    "image/eps"       => "eps",
+)
+
+for (mime, fmt) in _orca_mimeformats
+    @eval _show(io::IO, ::MIME{Symbol($mime)}, plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}) = ORCA.PlotlyBase.savefig(io, plotlybase_syncplot(plt), format = $fmt)
+end
@@ -2,47 +2,6 @@

 # significant contributions by: @pkofod

-const _pgfplots_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
-    :annotations,
-    :background_color_legend,
-    :background_color_inside,
-    # :background_color_outside,
-    # :foreground_color_legend,
-    :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_axis,
-    :foreground_color_text, :foreground_color_border,
-    :label,
-    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
-    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
-    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
-    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha, :markerstrokestyle,
-    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
-    :bins,
-    # :bar_width, :bar_edges,
-    :title,
-    # :window_title,
-    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
-    :tickfont, :guidefont, :legendfont,
-    :grid, :legend,
-    :colorbar, :colorbar_title,
-    :fill_z, :line_z, :marker_z, :levels,
-    # :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
-    # :orientation,
-    # :overwrite_figure,
-    :polar,
-    # :normalize, :weights, :contours,
-    :aspect_ratio,
-    # :match_dimensions,
-    :tick_direction,
-    :framestyle,
-    :camera,
-    :contour_labels,
-  ])
-const _pgfplots_seriestype = [:path, :path3d, :scatter, :steppre, :stepmid, :steppost, :histogram2d, :ysticks, :xsticks, :contour, :shape, :straightline,]
-const _pgfplots_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot, :dashdotdot]
-const _pgfplots_marker = [:none, :auto, :circle, :rect, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle, :cross, :xcross, :star5, :pentagon, :hline] #vcat(_allMarkers, Shape)
-const _pgfplots_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]
-
-
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 const _pgfplots_linestyles = KW(
@@ -67,7 +26,8 @@ const _pgfplots_markers = KW(
    :star6 => "asterisk",
    :diamond => "diamond*",
    :pentagon => "pentagon*",
-    :hline => "-"
+    :hline => "-",
+    :vline => "|"
 )

 const _pgfplots_legend_pos = KW(
@@ -136,7 +96,7 @@ pgf_thickness_scaling(series) = pgf_thickness_scaling(series[:subplot])
 function pgf_fillstyle(plotattributes, i = 1)
    cstr,a = pgf_color(get_fillcolor(plotattributes, i))
    fa = get_fillalpha(plotattributes, i)
-    if fa != nothing
+    if fa !== nothing
        a = fa
    end
    "fill = $cstr, fill opacity=$a"
@@ -168,16 +128,18 @@ function pgf_marker(plotattributes, i = 1)
    shape = _cycle(plotattributes[:markershape], i)
    cstr, a = pgf_color(plot_color(get_markercolor(plotattributes, i), get_markeralpha(plotattributes, i)))
    cstr_stroke, a_stroke = pgf_color(plot_color(get_markerstrokecolor(plotattributes, i), get_markerstrokealpha(plotattributes, i)))
-    """
-    mark = $(get(_pgfplots_markers, shape, "*")),
-    mark size = $(pgf_thickness_scaling(plotattributes) * 0.5 * _cycle(plotattributes[:markersize], i)),
-    mark options = {
-        color = $cstr_stroke, draw opacity = $a_stroke,
-        fill = $cstr, fill opacity = $a,
-        line width = $(pgf_thickness_scaling(plotattributes) * _cycle(plotattributes[:markerstrokewidth], i)),
-        rotate = $(shape == :dtriangle ? 180 : 0),
-        $(get(_pgfplots_linestyles, _cycle(plotattributes[:markerstrokestyle], i), "solid"))
-    }"""
+    return string(
+        "mark = $(get(_pgfplots_markers, shape, "*")),\n",
+        "mark size = $(pgf_thickness_scaling(plotattributes) * 0.5 * _cycle(plotattributes[:markersize], i)),\n",
+        plotattributes[:seriestype] == :scatter ? "only marks,\n" : "",
+        "mark options = {
+            color = $cstr_stroke, draw opacity = $a_stroke,
+            fill = $cstr, fill opacity = $a,
+            line width = $(pgf_thickness_scaling(plotattributes) * _cycle(plotattributes[:markerstrokewidth], i)),
+            rotate = $(shape == :dtriangle ? 180 : 0),
+            $(get(_pgfplots_linestyles, _cycle(plotattributes[:markerstrokestyle], i), "solid"))
+        }"
+        )
 end

 function pgf_add_annotation!(o, x, y, val, thickness_scaling = 1)
@@ -211,18 +173,18 @@ function pgf_series(sp::Subplot, series::Series)
    elseif st == :shape
        shape_data(series)
    elseif ispolar(sp)
-        theta, r = filter_radial_data(plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y], axis_limits(sp[:yaxis]))
+        theta, r = plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y]
        rad2deg.(theta), r
    else
        plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y]
    end

    # PGFPlots can't handle non-Vector?
-    args = map(a -> if typeof(a) <: AbstractVector && typeof(a) != Vector
-            collect(a)
-        else
-            a
-        end, args)
+    # args = map(a -> if typeof(a) <: AbstractVector && typeof(a) != Vector
+    #         collect(a)
+    #     else
+    #         a
+    #     end, args)

    if st in (:contour, :histogram2d)
        style = []
@@ -256,12 +218,12 @@ function pgf_series(sp::Subplot, series::Series)

            # add to legend?
            if i == 1 && sp[:legend] != :none && should_add_to_legend(series)
-                if plotattributes[:fillrange] != nothing
+                if plotattributes[:fillrange] !== nothing
                    push!(style, "forget plot")
                    push!(series_collection, pgf_fill_legend_hack(plotattributes, args))
                else
                    kw[:legendentry] = plotattributes[:label]
-                    if st == :shape # || plotattributes[:fillrange] != nothing
+                    if st == :shape # || plotattributes[:fillrange] !== nothing
                        push!(style, "area legend")
                    end
                end
@@ -278,7 +240,7 @@ function pgf_series(sp::Subplot, series::Series)
            kw[:style] = join(style, ',')

            # add fillrange
-            if series[:fillrange] != nothing && st != :shape
+            if series[:fillrange] !== nothing && st != :shape
                push!(series_collection, pgf_fillrange_series(series, i, _cycle(series[:fillrange], rng), seg_args...))
            end

@@ -364,9 +326,17 @@ function pgf_axis(sp::Subplot, letter)
    # axis guide
    kw[Symbol(letter,:label)] = axis[:guide]

+    # axis label position
+    labelpos = ""
+    if letter == :x && axis[:guide_position] == :top
+        labelpos = "at={(0.5,1)},above,"
+    elseif letter == :y && axis[:guide_position] == :right
+        labelpos = "at={(1,0.5)},below,"
+    end
+
    # Add label font
    cstr, α = pgf_color(plot_color(axis[:guidefontcolor]))
-    push!(style, string(letter, "label style = {font = ", pgf_font(axis[:guidefontsize], pgf_thickness_scaling(sp)), ", color = ", cstr, ", draw opacity = ", α, ", rotate = ", axis[:guidefontrotation], "}"))
+    push!(style, string(letter, "label style = {", labelpos ,"font = ", pgf_font(axis[:guidefontsize], pgf_thickness_scaling(sp)), ", color = ", cstr, ", draw opacity = ", α, ", rotate = ", axis[:guidefontrotation], "}"))

    # flip/reverse?
    axis[:flip] && push!(style, "$letter dir=reverse")
@@ -393,19 +363,19 @@ function pgf_axis(sp::Subplot, letter)
    # limits
    # TODO: support zlims
    if letter != :z
-        lims = ispolar(sp) && letter == :x ? rad2deg.(axis_limits(axis)) : axis_limits(axis)
+        lims = ispolar(sp) && letter == :x ? rad2deg.(axis_limits(sp, :x)) : axis_limits(sp, letter)
        kw[Symbol(letter,:min)] = lims[1]
        kw[Symbol(letter,:max)] = lims[2]
    end

    if !(axis[:ticks] in (nothing, false, :none, :native)) && framestyle != :none
-        ticks = get_ticks(axis)
+        ticks = get_ticks(sp, axis)
        #pgf plot ignores ticks with angle below 90 when xmin = 90 so shift values
        tick_values = ispolar(sp) && letter == :x ? [rad2deg.(ticks[1])[3:end]..., 360, 405] : ticks[1]
        push!(style, string(letter, "tick = {", join(tick_values,","), "}"))
        if axis[:showaxis] && axis[:scale] in (:ln, :log2, :log10) && axis[:ticks] == :auto
            # wrap the power part of label with }
-            tick_labels = Vector{String}(length(ticks[2]))
+            tick_labels = Vector{String}(undef, length(ticks[2]))
            for (i, label) in enumerate(ticks[2])
                base, power = split(label, "^")
                power = string("{", power, "}")
@@ -416,7 +386,7 @@ function pgf_axis(sp::Subplot, letter)
            tick_labels = ispolar(sp) && letter == :x ? [ticks[2][3:end]..., "0", "45"] : ticks[2]
            if axis[:formatter] in (:scientific, :auto)
                tick_labels = string.("\$", convert_sci_unicode.(tick_labels), "\$")
-                tick_labels = replace.(tick_labels, "×", "\\times")
+                tick_labels = replace.(tick_labels, Ref("×" => "\\times"))
            end
            push!(style, string(letter, "ticklabels = {", join(tick_labels,","), "}"))
        else
@@ -431,14 +401,18 @@ function pgf_axis(sp::Subplot, letter)
    # framestyle
    if framestyle in (:axes, :origin)
        axispos = framestyle == :axes ? "left" : "middle"
-        # the * after lines disables the arrows at the axes
-        push!(style, string("axis lines* = ", axispos))
+        if axis[:draw_arrow]
+            push!(style, string("axis ", letter, " line = ", axispos))
+        else
+            # the * after line disables the arrow at the axis
+            push!(style, string("axis ", letter, " line* = ", axispos))
+        end
    end

    if framestyle == :zerolines
        push!(style, string("extra ", letter, " ticks = 0"))
        push!(style, string("extra ", letter, " tick labels = "))
-        push!(style, string("extra ", letter, " tick style = {grid = major, major grid style = {", pgf_linestyle(pgf_thickness_scaling(sp), axis[:foreground_color_axis], 1.0), "}}"))
+        push!(style, string("extra ", letter, " tick style = {grid = major, major grid style = {", pgf_linestyle(pgf_thickness_scaling(sp), axis[:foreground_color_border], 1.0), "}}"))
    end

    if !axis[:showaxis]
@@ -447,7 +421,7 @@ function pgf_axis(sp::Subplot, letter)
    if !axis[:showaxis] || framestyle in (:zerolines, :grid, :none)
        push!(style, string(letter, " axis line style = {draw opacity = 0}"))
    else
-        push!(style, string(letter, " axis line style = {", pgf_linestyle(pgf_thickness_scaling(sp), axis[:foreground_color_axis], 1.0), "}"))
+        push!(style, string(letter, " axis line style = {", pgf_linestyle(pgf_thickness_scaling(sp), axis[:foreground_color_border], 1.0), "}"))
    end

    # return the style list and KW args
@@ -496,7 +470,7 @@ function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{PGFPlotsBackend})
            push!(style, string("title style = {font = ", pgf_font(sp[:titlefontsize], pgf_thickness_scaling(sp)), ", color = ", cstr, ", draw opacity = ", α, ", rotate = ", sp[:titlefontrotation], "}"))
        end

-        if sp[:aspect_ratio] in (1, :equal)
+        if get_aspect_ratio(sp) in (1, :equal)
            kw[:axisEqual] = "true"
        end

@@ -504,8 +478,18 @@ function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{PGFPlotsBackend})
        if haskey(_pgfplots_legend_pos, legpos)
            kw[:legendPos] = _pgfplots_legend_pos[legpos]
        end
-        cstr, a = pgf_color(plot_color(sp[:background_color_legend]))
-        push!(style, string("legend style = {", pgf_linestyle(pgf_thickness_scaling(sp), sp[:foreground_color_legend], 1.0, "solid"), ",", "fill = $cstr,", "font = ", pgf_font(sp[:legendfontsize], pgf_thickness_scaling(sp)), "}"))
+        cstr, bg_alpha = pgf_color(plot_color(sp[:background_color_legend]))
+        fg_alpha = alpha(plot_color(sp[:foreground_color_legend]))
+
+        push!(style, string(
+            "legend style = {",
+                pgf_linestyle(pgf_thickness_scaling(sp), sp[:foreground_color_legend], fg_alpha, "solid", ), ",",
+                "fill = $cstr,",
+                "fill opacity = $bg_alpha,",
+                "text opacity = $(alpha(plot_color(sp[:legendfontcolor]))),",
+                "font = ", pgf_font(sp[:legendfontsize], pgf_thickness_scaling(sp)),
+            "}",
+        ))

        if any(s[:seriestype] == :contour for s in series_list(sp))
            kw[:view] = "{0}{90}"
@@ -555,7 +539,7 @@ function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{PGFPlotsBackend})

        # add the series object to the PGFPlots.Axis
        for series in series_list(sp)
-            push!.(o, pgf_series(sp, series))
+            push!.(Ref(o), pgf_series(sp, series))

            # add series annotations
            anns = series[:series_annotations]
@@ -596,7 +580,7 @@ end

 function _show(io::IO, mime::MIME"application/x-tex", plt::Plot{PGFPlotsBackend})
    fn = tempname()*".tex"
-    PGFPlots.save(fn, backend_object(plt), include_preamble=false)
+    PGFPlots.save(fn, backend_object(plt), include_preamble=plt.attr[:tex_output_standalone])
    write(io, read(open(fn), String))
 end

@@ -1,60 +1,6 @@

 # https://plot.ly/javascript/getting-started

-const _plotly_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
-    :annotations,
-    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
-    :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_guide,
-    :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_axis,
-    :foreground_color_text, :foreground_color_border,
-    :foreground_color_title,
-    :label,
-    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
-    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
-    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
-    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha, :markerstrokestyle,
-    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
-    :bins,
-    :title, :title_location,
-    :titlefontfamily, :titlefontsize, :titlefonthalign, :titlefontvalign,
-    :titlefontcolor,
-    :legendfontfamily, :legendfontsize, :legendfontcolor,
-    :tickfontfamily, :tickfontsize, :tickfontcolor,
-    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefontcolor,
-    :window_title,
-    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
-    :tickfont, :guidefont, :legendfont,
-    :grid, :gridalpha, :gridlinewidth,
-    :legend, :colorbar, :colorbar_title,
-    :marker_z, :fill_z, :line_z, :levels,
-    :ribbon, :quiver,
-    :orientation,
-    # :overwrite_figure,
-    :polar,
-    :normalize, :weights,
-    # :contours,
-    :aspect_ratio,
-    :hover,
-    :inset_subplots,
-    :bar_width,
-    :clims,
-    :framestyle,
-    :tick_direction,
-    :camera,
-    :contour_labels,
-  ])
-
-const _plotly_seriestype = [
-    :path, :scatter, :pie, :heatmap,
-    :contour, :surface, :wireframe, :path3d, :scatter3d, :shape, :scattergl,
-    :straightline
-]
-const _plotly_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
-const _plotly_marker = [
-    :none, :auto, :circle, :rect, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle,
-    :cross, :xcross, :pentagon, :hexagon, :octagon, :vline, :hline
-]
-const _plotly_scale = [:identity, :log10]
 is_subplot_supported(::PlotlyBackend) = true
 # is_string_supported(::PlotlyBackend) = true
 const _plotly_framestyles = [:box, :axes, :zerolines, :grid, :none]
@@ -71,39 +17,15 @@ end


 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+const plotly_remote_file_path = "https://cdn.plot.ly/plotly-latest.min.js"


-const _plotly_js_path = joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__), "..", "..", "deps", "plotly-latest.min.js")
-const _plotly_js_path_remote = "https://cdn.plot.ly/plotly-latest.min.js"
-
-_js_code = open(read, _plotly_js_path, "r")
-
-# borrowed from https://github.com/plotly/plotly.py/blob/2594076e29584ede2d09f2aa40a8a195b3f3fc66/plotly/offline/offline.py#L64-L71 c/o @spencerlyon2
-_js_script = """
-    <script type='text/javascript'>
-        define('plotly', function(require, exports, module) {
-            $(_js_code)
-        });
-        require(['plotly'], function(Plotly) {
-            window.Plotly = Plotly;
-        });
-    </script>
-"""
-
-# if we're in IJulia call setupnotebook to load js and css
-if isijulia()
-    display("text/html", _js_script)
-end
-
 # if isatom()
 #     import Atom
 #     Atom.@msg evaljs(_js_code)
 # end
 using UUIDs

-push!(_initialized_backends, :plotly)
-
-
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

 const _plotly_legend_pos = KW(
@@ -115,7 +37,7 @@ const _plotly_legend_pos = KW(
    :bottomright => [1., 0.],
    :topright => [1., 1.],
    :topleft => [0., 1.]
-    )
+)

 plotly_legend_pos(pos::Symbol) = get(_plotly_legend_pos, pos, [1.,1.])
 plotly_legend_pos(v::Tuple{S,T}) where {S<:Real, T<:Real} = v
@@ -186,13 +108,13 @@ function shrink_by(lo, sz, ratio)
 end

 function plotly_apply_aspect_ratio(sp::Subplot, plotarea, pcts)
-    aspect_ratio = sp[:aspect_ratio]
+    aspect_ratio = get_aspect_ratio(sp)
    if aspect_ratio != :none
        if aspect_ratio == :equal
            aspect_ratio = 1.0
        end
-        xmin,xmax = axis_limits(sp[:xaxis])
-        ymin,ymax = axis_limits(sp[:yaxis])
+        xmin,xmax = axis_limits(sp, :x)
+        ymin,ymax = axis_limits(sp, :y)
        want_ratio = ((xmax-xmin) / (ymax-ymin)) / aspect_ratio
        parea_ratio = width(plotarea) / height(plotarea)
        if want_ratio > parea_ratio
@@ -251,7 +173,7 @@ function plotly_axis(plt::Plot, axis::Axis, sp::Subplot)

    ax[:tickangle] = -axis[:rotation]
    ax[:type] = plotly_scale(axis[:scale])
-    lims = axis_limits(axis)
+    lims = axis_limits(sp, letter)

    if axis[:ticks] != :native || axis[:lims] != :auto
        ax[:range] = map(scalefunc(axis[:scale]), lims)
@@ -263,14 +185,9 @@ function plotly_axis(plt::Plot, axis::Axis, sp::Subplot)
        ax[:tickcolor] = framestyle in (:zerolines, :grid) || !axis[:showaxis] ? rgba_string(invisible()) : rgb_string(axis[:foreground_color_axis])
        ax[:linecolor] = rgba_string(axis[:foreground_color_axis])

-        # flip
-        if axis[:flip]
-            ax[:range] = reverse(ax[:range])
-        end
-
        # ticks
        if axis[:ticks] != :native
-            ticks = get_ticks(axis)
+            ticks = get_ticks(sp, axis)
            ttype = ticksType(ticks)
            if ttype == :ticks
                ax[:tickmode] = "array"
@@ -285,20 +202,24 @@ function plotly_axis(plt::Plot, axis::Axis, sp::Subplot)
        ax[:showgrid] = false
    end

+    # flip
+    if axis[:flip]
+        ax[:range] = reverse(ax[:range])
+    end

    ax
 end

-function plotly_polaraxis(axis::Axis)
+function plotly_polaraxis(sp::Subplot, axis::Axis)
    ax = KW(
        :visible => axis[:showaxis],
        :showline => axis[:grid],
    )

    if axis[:letter] == :x
-        ax[:range] = rad2deg.(axis_limits(axis))
+        ax[:range] = rad2deg.(axis_limits(sp, :x))
    else
-        ax[:range] = axis_limits(axis)
+        ax[:range] = axis_limits(sp, :y)
        ax[:orientation] = -90
    end

@@ -361,8 +282,8 @@ function plotly_layout(plt::Plot)
                ),
            )
        elseif ispolar(sp)
-            plotattributes_out[Symbol("angularaxis$(spidx)")] = plotly_polaraxis(sp[:xaxis])
-            plotattributes_out[Symbol("radialaxis$(spidx)")] = plotly_polaraxis(sp[:yaxis])
+            plotattributes_out[Symbol("angularaxis$(spidx)")] = plotly_polaraxis(sp, sp[:xaxis])
+            plotattributes_out[Symbol("radialaxis$(spidx)")] = plotly_polaraxis(sp, sp[:yaxis])
        else
            plotattributes_out[Symbol("xaxis$(x_idx)")] = plotly_axis(plt, sp[:xaxis], sp)
            # don't allow yaxis to be reupdated/reanchored in a linked subplot
@@ -425,14 +346,14 @@ function plotly_layout(plt::Plot)
 end

 function plotly_layout_json(plt::Plot)
-    JSON.json(plotly_layout(plt))
+    JSON.json(plotly_layout(plt), 4)
 end


 function plotly_colorscale(grad::ColorGradient, α)
-    [[grad.values[i], rgba_string(plot_color(grad.colors[i], α))] for i in 1:length(grad.colors)]
+    [[grad.values[i], rgba_string(plot_color(grad.colors[i], α))] for i in eachindex(grad.colors)]
 end
-plotly_colorscale(c, α) = plotly_colorscale(cgrad(alpha=α), α)
+plotly_colorscale(c::Colorant,α) = plotly_colorscale(_as_gradient(c),α)
 function plotly_colorscale(c::AbstractVector{<:RGBA}, α)
    if length(c) == 1
        return [[0.0, rgba_string(plot_color(c[1], α))], [1.0, rgba_string(plot_color(c[1], α))]]
@@ -471,7 +392,7 @@ end
 # we split by NaNs and then construct/destruct the shapes to get the closed coords
 function plotly_close_shapes(x, y)
    xs, ys = nansplit(x), nansplit(y)
-    for i=1:length(xs)
+    for i=eachindex(xs)
        shape = Shape(xs[i], ys[i])
        xs[i], ys[i] = coords(shape)
    end
@@ -481,7 +402,7 @@ end
 function plotly_data(series::Series, letter::Symbol, data)
    axis = series[:subplot][Symbol(letter, :axis)]

-    data = if axis[:ticks] == :native && data != nothing
+    data = if axis[:ticks] == :native && data !== nothing
        plotly_native_data(axis, data)
    else
       data
@@ -493,7 +414,8 @@ function plotly_data(series::Series, letter::Symbol, data)
        plotly_data(data)
    end
 end
-plotly_data(v) = v != nothing ? collect(v) : v
+plotly_data(v) = v !== nothing ? collect(v) : v
+plotly_data(v::AbstractArray) = v
 plotly_data(surf::Surface) = surf.surf
 plotly_data(v::AbstractArray{R}) where {R<:Rational} = float(v)

@@ -514,7 +436,7 @@ plotly_native_data(axis::Axis, a::Surface) = Surface(plotly_native_data(axis, a.

 function plotly_convert_to_datetime(x::AbstractArray, formatter::Function)
    if formatter == datetimeformatter
-        map(xi -> replace(formatter(xi), "T", " "), x)
+        map(xi -> replace(formatter(xi), "T" => " "), x)
    elseif formatter == dateformatter
        map(xi -> string(formatter(xi), " 00:00:00"), x)
    elseif formatter == timeformatter
@@ -532,7 +454,7 @@ function plotly_series(plt::Plot, series::Series)
    st = series[:seriestype]

    sp = series[:subplot]
-    clims = get_clims(sp)
+    clims = get_clims(sp, series)

    if st == :shape
        return plotly_series_shapes(plt, series, clims)
@@ -547,7 +469,7 @@ function plotly_series(plt::Plot, series::Series)
    plotattributes_out[:showlegend] = should_add_to_legend(series)

    if st == :straightline
-        x, y = straightline_data(series)
+        x, y = straightline_data(series, 100)
        z = series[:z]
    else
        x, y, z  = series[:x], series[:y], series[:z]
@@ -573,7 +495,7 @@ function plotly_series(plt::Plot, series::Series)

    # set the "type"
    if st in (:path, :scatter, :scattergl, :straightline, :path3d, :scatter3d)
-        return plotly_series_segments(series, plotattributes, x, y, z, clims)
+        return plotly_series_segments(series, plotattributes_out, x, y, z, clims)

    elseif st == :heatmap
        x = heatmap_edges(x, sp[:xaxis][:scale])
@@ -584,13 +506,13 @@ function plotly_series(plt::Plot, series::Series)
        plotattributes_out[:showscale] = hascolorbar(sp)

    elseif st == :contour
+        filled = isfilledcontour(series)
        plotattributes_out[:type] = "contour"
        plotattributes_out[:x], plotattributes_out[:y], plotattributes_out[:z] = x, y, z
-        # plotattributes_out[:showscale] = series[:colorbar] != :none
-        plotattributes_out[:ncontours] = series[:levels]
-        plotattributes_out[:contours] = KW(:coloring => series[:fillrange] != nothing ? "fill" : "lines", :showlabels => series[:contour_labels] == true)
+        plotattributes_out[:ncontours] = series[:levels] + 2
+        plotattributes_out[:contours] = KW(:coloring => filled ? "fill" : "lines", :showlabels => series[:contour_labels] == true)
        plotattributes_out[:colorscale] = plotly_colorscale(series[:linecolor], series[:linealpha])
-        plotattributes_out[:showscale] = hascolorbar(sp)
+        plotattributes_out[:showscale] = hascolorbar(sp) && hascolorbar(series)

    elseif st in (:surface, :wireframe)
        plotattributes_out[:type] = "surface"
@@ -607,7 +529,7 @@ function plotly_series(plt::Plot, series::Series)
        else
            plotattributes_out[:colorscale] = plotly_colorscale(series[:fillcolor], series[:fillalpha])
            plotattributes_out[:opacity] = series[:fillalpha]
-            if series[:fill_z] != nothing
+            if series[:fill_z] !== nothing
                plotattributes_out[:surfacecolor] = plotly_surface_data(series, series[:fill_z])
            end
            plotattributes_out[:showscale] = hascolorbar(sp)
@@ -662,7 +584,7 @@ function plotly_series_shapes(plt::Plot, series::Series, clims)
    )

    x, y = (plotly_data(series, letter, data)
-        for (letter, data) in zip((:x, :y), shape_data(series))
+        for (letter, data) in zip((:x, :y), shape_data(series, 100))
    )

    for (i,rng) in enumerate(segments)
@@ -678,7 +600,7 @@ function plotly_series_shapes(plt::Plot, series::Series, clims)
            :fillcolor => rgba_string(plot_color(get_fillcolor(series, clims, i), get_fillalpha(series, i))),
        ))
        if series[:markerstrokewidth] > 0
-            plotattributes[:line] = KW(
+            plotattributes_out[:line] = KW(
                :color => rgba_string(plot_color(get_linecolor(series, clims, i), get_linealpha(series, i))),
                :width => get_linewidth(series, i),
                :dash => string(get_linestyle(series, i)),
@@ -689,17 +611,17 @@ function plotly_series_shapes(plt::Plot, series::Series, clims)
        plotly_hover!(plotattributes_out, _cycle(series[:hover], i))
        plotattributes_outs[i] = plotattributes_out
    end
-    if series[:fill_z] != nothing
+    if series[:fill_z] !== nothing
        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :fill))
-    elseif series[:line_z] != nothing
+    elseif series[:line_z] !== nothing
        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :line))
-    elseif series[:marker_z] != nothing
+    elseif series[:marker_z] !== nothing
        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :marker))
    end
    plotattributes_outs
 end

-function plotly_series_segments(series::Series, ploattributes_base::KW, x, y, z, clims)
+function plotly_series_segments(series::Series, plotattributes_base::KW, x, y, z, clims)
    st = series[:seriestype]
    sp = series[:subplot]
    isscatter = st in (:scatter, :scatter3d, :scattergl)
@@ -709,11 +631,9 @@ function plotly_series_segments(series::Series, ploattributes_base::KW, x, y, z,
        (isa(series[:fillrange], AbstractVector) || isa(series[:fillrange], Tuple))

    segments = iter_segments(series)
-    plotattributes_outs = Vector{KW}(undef, (hasfillrange ? 2 : 1 ) * length(segments))
+    plotattributes_outs = fill(KW(), (hasfillrange ? 2 : 1 ) * length(segments))

    for (i,rng) in enumerate(segments)
-        !isscatter && length(rng) < 2 && continue
-
        plotattributes_out = deepcopy(plotattributes_base)
        plotattributes_out[:showlegend] = i==1 ? should_add_to_legend(series) : false
        plotattributes_out[:legendgroup] = series[:label]
@@ -727,11 +647,11 @@ function plotly_series_segments(series::Series, ploattributes_base::KW, x, y, z,
                hasline ? "lines" : "none"
            end
            if series[:fillrange] == true || series[:fillrange] == 0 || isa(series[:fillrange], Tuple)
-                plotattributes[:fill] = "tozeroy"
-                plotattributes[:fillcolor] = rgba_string(plot_color(get_fillcolor(series, clims, i), get_fillalpha(series, i)))
+                plotattributes_out[:fill] = "tozeroy"
+                plotattributes_out[:fillcolor] = rgba_string(plot_color(get_fillcolor(series, clims, i), get_fillalpha(series, i)))
            elseif typeof(series[:fillrange]) <: Union{AbstractVector{<:Real}, Real}
-                plotattributes[:fill] = "tonexty"
-                plotattributes[:fillcolor] = rgba_string(plot_color(get_fillcolor(series, clims, i), get_fillalpha(series, i)))
+                plotattributes_out[:fill] = "tonexty"
+                plotattributes_out[:fillcolor] = rgba_string(plot_color(get_fillcolor(series, clims, i), get_fillalpha(series, i)))
            elseif !(series[:fillrange] in (false, nothing))
                @warn("fillrange ignored... plotly only supports filling to zero and to a vector of values. fillrange: $(series[:fillrange])")
            end
@@ -763,7 +683,7 @@ function plotly_series_segments(series::Series, ploattributes_base::KW, x, y, z,

        # add "line"
        if hasline
-            plotattributes[:line] = KW(
+            plotattributes_out[:line] = KW(
                :color => rgba_string(plot_color(get_linecolor(series, clims, i), get_linealpha(series, i))),
                :width => get_linewidth(series, i),
                :shape => if st == :steppre
@@ -813,11 +733,11 @@ function plotly_series_segments(series::Series, ploattributes_base::KW, x, y, z,
        end
    end

-    if series[:line_z] != nothing
+    if series[:line_z] !== nothing
        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :line))
-    elseif series[:fill_z] != nothing
+    elseif series[:fill_z] !== nothing
        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :fill))
-    elseif series[:marker_z] != nothing
+    elseif series[:marker_z] !== nothing
        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :marker))
    end

@@ -852,7 +772,7 @@ end
 function plotly_polar!(plotattributes_out::KW, series::Series)
    # convert polar plots x/y to theta/radius
    if ispolar(series[:subplot])
-        theta, r = filter_radial_data(pop!(plotattributes_out, :x), pop!(plotattributes_out, :y), axis_limits(series[:subplot][:yaxis]))
+        theta, r = pop!(plotattributes_out, :x), pop!(plotattributes_out, :y)
        plotattributes_out[:t] = rad2deg.(theta)
        plotattributes_out[:r] = r
    end
@@ -860,9 +780,9 @@ end

 function plotly_hover!(plotattributes_out::KW, hover)
    # hover text
-    if hover in (:none, false)
+    if hover === nothing || all(in([:none, false]), hover)
        plotattributes_out[:hoverinfo] = "none"
-    elseif hover != nothing
+    elseif any(!isnothing, hover)
        plotattributes_out[:hoverinfo] = "text"
        plotattributes_out[:text] = hover
    end
@@ -878,20 +798,36 @@ function plotly_series(plt::Plot)
 end

 # get json string for a list of dictionaries, each representing the series params
-plotly_series_json(plt::Plot) = JSON.json(plotly_series(plt))
+plotly_series_json(plt::Plot) = JSON.json(plotly_series(plt), 4)

 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

-const _use_remote = Ref(false)
+html_head(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}) = plotly_html_head(plt)
+html_body(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}) = plotly_html_body(plt)

-function html_head(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend})
-    jsfilename = _use_remote[] ? _plotly_js_path_remote : ("file://" * _plotly_js_path)
-    # "<script src=\"$(joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__),"..","..","deps","plotly-latest.min.js"))\"></script>"
-    "<script src=\"$jsfilename\"></script>"
+const ijulia_initialized = Ref(false)
+
+function plotly_html_head(plt::Plot)
+    local_file = ("file://" * plotly_local_file_path)
+    plotly = use_local_dependencies[] ? local_file : plotly_remote_file_path
+    if isijulia() && !ijulia_initialized[]
+        # using requirejs seems to be key to load a js depency in IJulia!
+        # https://requirejs.org/docs/start.html
+        # https://github.com/JuliaLang/IJulia.jl/issues/345
+        display("text/html", """
+            <script type="text/javascript">
+                requirejs([$(repr(plotly))], function(p) {
+                    window.Plotly = p
+                });
+            </script>
+        """)
+        ijulia_initialized[] = true
+    end
+    return "<script src=$(repr(plotly))></script>"
 end

-function html_body(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}, style = nothing)
-    if style == nothing
+function plotly_html_body(plt, style = nothing)
+    if style === nothing
        w, h = plt[:size]
        style = "width:$(w)px;height:$(h)px;"
    end
@@ -906,21 +842,36 @@ function html_body(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}, style = nothing)
    html
 end

-function js_body(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}, uuid)
+function js_body(plt::Plot, uuid)
    js = """
-          PLOT = document.getElementById('$(uuid)');
-          Plotly.plot(PLOT, $(plotly_series_json(plt)), $(plotly_layout_json(plt)));
+        PLOT = document.getElementById('$(uuid)');
+        Plotly.plot(PLOT, $(plotly_series_json(plt)), $(plotly_layout_json(plt)));
    """
 end

+function plotly_show_js(io::IO, plot::Plot)
+    data = []
+    for series in plot.series_list
+        append!(data, plotly_series(plot, series))
+    end
+    layout = plotly_layout(plot)
+    JSON.print(io, Dict(:data => data, :layout => layout))
+end

 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

+Base.showable(::MIME"application/prs.juno.plotpane+html", plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}) = true
+
+function _show(io::IO, ::MIME"application/vnd.plotly.v1+json", plot::Plot{PlotlyBackend})
+    plotly_show_js(io, plot)
+end
+

 function _show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend})
-    write(io, html_head(plt) * html_body(plt))
+    write(io, standalone_html(plt))
 end

+
 function _display(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend})
    standalone_html_window(plt)
 end
@@ -1,92 +1,44 @@
+# https://github.com/sglyon/PlotlyJS.jl

-# https://github.com/spencerlyon2/PlotlyJS.jl
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-const _plotlyjs_attr        = _plotly_attr
-const _plotlyjs_seriestype  = _plotly_seriestype
-const _plotlyjs_style       = _plotly_style
-const _plotlyjs_marker      = _plotly_marker
-const _plotlyjs_scale       = _plotly_scale
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
-    if !isplotnull() && plt[:overwrite_figure] && isa(current().o, PlotlyJS.SyncPlot)
-        PlotlyJS.SyncPlot(PlotlyJS.Plot(), current().o.view)
-    else
-        PlotlyJS.plot()
+function plotlyjs_syncplot(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
+    plt[:overwrite_figure] && closeall()
+    plt.o = PlotlyJS.plot()
+    traces = PlotlyJS.GenericTrace[]
+    for series_dict in plotly_series(plt)
+        plotly_type = pop!(series_dict, :type)
+        push!(traces, PlotlyJS.GenericTrace(plotly_type; series_dict...))
    end
+    PlotlyJS.addtraces!(plt.o, traces...)
+    layout = plotly_layout(plt)
+    w, h = plt[:size]
+    PlotlyJS.relayout!(plt.o, layout, width = w, height = h)
+    return plt.o
 end

+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-function _series_added(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}, series::Series)
-    syncplot = plt.o
-    pdicts = plotly_series(plt, series)
-    for pdict in pdicts
-        typ = pop!(pdict, :type)
-        gt = PlotlyJS.GenericTrace(typ; pdict...)
-        PlotlyJS.addtraces!(syncplot, gt)
-    end
+const _plotlyjs_mimeformats = Dict(
+    "application/pdf" => "pdf",
+    "image/png"       => "png",
+    "image/svg+xml"   => "svg",
+    "image/eps"       => "eps",
+)
+
+for (mime, fmt) in _plotlyjs_mimeformats
+    @eval _show(io::IO, ::MIME{Symbol($mime)}, plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = PlotlyJS.savefig(io, plotlyjs_syncplot(plt), format = $fmt)
 end

-function _series_updated(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}, series::Series)
-    xsym, ysym = (ispolar(series) ? (:t,:r) : (:x,:y))
-    kw = KW(xsym => (series.plotattributes[:x],), ysym => (series.plotattributes[:y],))
-    z = series[:z]
-    if z != nothing
-        kw[:z] = (isa(z,Surface) ? transpose_z(series, series[:z].surf, false) : z,)
-    end
-    PlotlyJS.restyle!(
-        plt.o,
-        findfirst(isequal(series), plt.series_list),
-        kw
-    )
-end
+# Use the Plotly implementation for json and html:
+_show(io::IO, mime::MIME"application/vnd.plotly.v1+json", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotly_show_js(io, plt)

+html_head(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotly_html_head(plt)
+html_body(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotly_html_body(plt)

-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+_show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = write(io, standalone_html(plt))

-function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
-    pdict = plotly_layout(plt)
-    syncplot = plt.o
-    w,h = plt[:size]
-    PlotlyJS.relayout!(syncplot, pdict, width = w, height = h)
-end
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-function _show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
-    if isijulia() && !_use_remote[]
-        write(io, PlotlyJS.html_body(PlotlyJS.JupyterPlot(plt.o)))
-    else
-        show(io, MIME("text/html"), plt.o)
-    end
-end
-
-function plotlyjs_save_hack(io::IO, plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}, ext::String)
-    tmpfn = tempname() * "." * ext
-    PlotlyJS.savefig(plt.o, tmpfn)
-    write(io, read(open(tmpfn)))
-end
-_show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/svg+xml", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotlyjs_save_hack(io, plt, "svg")
-_show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotlyjs_save_hack(io, plt, "png")
-_show(io::IO, ::MIME"application/pdf", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotlyjs_save_hack(io, plt, "pdf")
-_show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/eps", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotlyjs_save_hack(io, plt, "eps")
-
-function write_temp_html(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
-    filename = string(tempname(), ".html")
-    savefig(plt, filename)
-    filename
-end
-
-function _display(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
-    if get(ENV, "PLOTS_USE_ATOM_PLOTPANE", true) in (true, 1, "1", "true", "yes")
-        display(plt.o)
-    else
-        standalone_html_window(plt)
-    end
-end
+_display(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = display(plotlyjs_syncplot(plt))

@require WebIO = "0f1e0344-ec1d-5b48-a673-e5cf874b6c29" begin
    function WebIO.render(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
@@ -100,3 +52,5 @@ function closeall(::PlotlyJSBackend)
        close(current().o)
    end
 end
+
+Base.showable(::MIME"application/prs.juno.plotpane+html", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = true
@@ -1,28 +1,6 @@

 # https://github.com/Evizero/UnicodePlots.jl

-const _unicodeplots_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
-    :label,
-    :legend,
-    :seriescolor,
-    :seriesalpha,
-    :linestyle,
-    :markershape,
-    :bins,
-    :title,
-    :guide, :lims,
-  ])
-const _unicodeplots_seriestype = [
-    :path, :scatter, :straightline,
-    # :bar,
-    :shape,
-    :histogram2d,
-    :spy
-]
-const _unicodeplots_style = [:auto, :solid]
-const _unicodeplots_marker = [:none, :auto, :circle]
-const _unicodeplots_scale = [:identity]
-

 # don't warn on unsupported... there's just too many warnings!!
 warnOnUnsupported_args(::UnicodePlotsBackend, plotattributes::KW) = nothing
@@ -49,8 +27,8 @@ function rebuildUnicodePlot!(plt::Plot, width, height)
    for sp in plt.subplots
        xaxis = sp[:xaxis]
        yaxis = sp[:yaxis]
-        xlim =  axis_limits(xaxis)
-        ylim =  axis_limits(yaxis)
+        xlim =  axis_limits(sp, :x)
+        ylim =  axis_limits(sp, :y)

        # make vectors
        xlim = [xlim[1], xlim[2]]
@@ -114,7 +92,7 @@ end


 # add a single series
-function addUnicodeSeries!(o, plotattributes::KW, addlegend::Bool, xlim, ylim)
+function addUnicodeSeries!(o, plotattributes, addlegend::Bool, xlim, ylim)
    # get the function, or special handling for step/bar/hist
    st = plotattributes[:seriestype]
    if st == :histogram2d
@@ -138,7 +116,7 @@ function addUnicodeSeries!(o, plotattributes::KW, addlegend::Bool, xlim, ylim)
    x, y = if st == :straightline
        straightline_data(plotattributes)
    elseif st == :shape
-        shape_data(series)
+        shape_data(plotattributes)
    else
        [collect(float(plotattributes[s])) for s in (:x, :y)]
    end
@@ -42,8 +42,14 @@ function write_temp_html(plt::AbstractPlot)
 end

 function standalone_html_window(plt::AbstractPlot)
+    old = use_local_dependencies[] # save state to restore afterwards
+    # if we open a browser ourself, we can host local files, so
+    # when we have a local plotly downloaded this is the way to go!
+    use_local_dependencies[] = isfile(plotly_local_file_path)
    filename = write_temp_html(plt)
    open_browser_window(filename)
+    # restore for other backends
+    use_local_dependencies[] = old
 end

 # uses wkhtmltopdf/wkhtmltoimage: http://wkhtmltopdf.org/downloads.html
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@


-const P2 = FixedSizeArrays.Vec{2,Float64}
-const P3 = FixedSizeArrays.Vec{3,Float64}
+const P2 = GeometryTypes.Point2{Float64}
+const P3 = GeometryTypes.Point3{Float64}

 nanpush!(a::AbstractVector{P2}, b) = (push!(a, P2(NaN,NaN)); push!(a, b))
 nanappend!(a::AbstractVector{P2}, b) = (push!(a, P2(NaN,NaN)); append!(a, b))
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ end
 function scale!(shape::Shape, x::Real, y::Real = x, c = center(shape))
    sx, sy = coords(shape)
    cx, cy = c
-    for i=1:length(sx)
+    for i=eachindex(sx)
        sx[i] = (sx[i] - cx) * x + cx
        sy[i] = (sy[i] - cy) * y + cy
    end
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ end
 "translate a Shape in space"
 function translate!(shape::Shape, x::Real, y::Real = x)
    sx, sy = coords(shape)
-    for i=1:length(sx)
+    for i=eachindex(sx)
        sx[i] += x
        sy[i] += y
    end
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ end
 function rotate!(shape::Shape, Θ::Real, c = center(shape))
    x, y = coords(shape)
    cx, cy = c
-    for i=1:length(x)
+    for i=eachindex(x)
        xi = rotate_x(x[i], y[i], Θ, cx, cy)
        yi = rotate_y(x[i], y[i], Θ, cx, cy)
        x[i], y[i] = xi, yi
@@ -256,8 +256,24 @@ mutable struct Font
  color::Colorant
 end

-"Create a Font from a list of unordered features"
-function font(args...)
+"""
+    font(args...)
+Create a Font from a list of features. Values may be specified either as
+arguments (which are distinguished by type/value) or as keyword arguments.
+# Arguments
+- `family`: AbstractString. "serif" or "sans-serif" or "monospace"
+- `pointsize`: Integer. Size of font in points
+- `halign`: Symbol. Horizontal alignment (:hcenter, :left, or :right)
+- `valign`: Symbol. Vertical aligment (:vcenter, :top, or :bottom)
+- `rotation`: Real. Angle of rotation for text in degrees (use a non-integer type)
+- `color`: Colorant or Symbol
+# Examples
+```julia-repl
+julia> font(8)
+julia> font(family="serif",halign=:center,rotation=45.0)
+```
+"""
+function font(args...;kw...)

  # defaults
  family = "sans-serif"
@@ -301,6 +317,32 @@ function font(args...)
    end
  end

+  for symbol in keys(kw)
+    if symbol == :family
+      family = kw[:family]
+    elseif symbol == :pointsize
+      pointsize = kw[:pointsize]
+    elseif symbol == :halign
+      halign = kw[:halign]
+      if halign == :center
+        halign = :hcenter
+      end
+      @assert halign in (:hcenter, :left, :right)
+    elseif symbol == :valign
+      valign = kw[:valign]
+      if valign == :center
+        valign = :vcenter
+      end
+      @assert valign in (:vcenter, :top, :bottom)
+    elseif symbol == :rotation
+      rotation = kw[:rotation]
+    elseif symbol == :color
+      color = parse(Colorant, kw[:color])
+    else
+      @warn("Unused font kwarg: $symbol")
+    end
+  end
+
  Font(family, pointsize, halign, valign, rotation, color)
 end

@@ -344,15 +386,16 @@ end
 PlotText(str) = PlotText(string(str), font())

 """
-    text(string, args...)
+    text(string, args...; kw...)

-Create a PlotText object wrapping a string with font info, for plot annotations
+Create a PlotText object wrapping a string with font info, for plot annotations.
+`args` and `kw` are passed to `font`.
 """
 text(t::PlotText) = t
 text(t::PlotText, font::Font) = PlotText(t.str, font)
 text(str::AbstractString, f::Font) = PlotText(str, f)
-function text(str, args...)
-  PlotText(string(str), font(args...))
+function text(str, args...;kw...)
+  PlotText(string(str), font(args...;kw...))
 end

 Base.length(t::PlotText) = length(t.str)
@@ -486,12 +529,12 @@ function series_annotations_shapes!(series::Series, scaletype::Symbol = :pixels)
    # end

    # @show msw msh
-    if anns != nothing && anns.baseshape != nothing
+    if anns !== nothing && anns.baseshape !== nothing
        # we use baseshape to overwrite the markershape attribute
        # with a list of custom shapes for each
        msw,msh = anns.scalefactor
        msize = Float64[]
-        shapes = Vector{Shape}(length(anns.strs))
+        shapes = Vector{Shape}(undef, length(anns.strs))
        for i in eachindex(anns.strs)
            str = _cycle(anns.strs,i)

@@ -509,7 +552,7 @@ function series_annotations_shapes!(series::Series, scaletype::Symbol = :pixels)
            # and then re-scale a copy of baseshape to match the w/h ratio
            maxscale = max(xscale, yscale)
            push!(msize, maxscale)
-            baseshape = _cycle(get(anns.baseshape),i)
+            baseshape = _cycle(anns.baseshape, i)
            shapes[i] = scale(baseshape, msw*xscale/maxscale, msh*yscale/maxscale, (0,0))
        end
        series[:markershape] = shapes
@@ -525,7 +568,7 @@ mutable struct EachAnn
 end

 function Base.iterate(ea::EachAnn, i = 1)
-    if ea.anns == nothing || isempty(ea.anns.strs) || i > length(ea.y)
+    if ea.anns === nothing || isempty(ea.anns.strs) || i > length(ea.y)
        return nothing
    end

@@ -548,13 +591,15 @@ annotations(sa::SeriesAnnotations) = sa
 function process_annotation(sp::Subplot, xs, ys, labs, font = font())
    anns = []
    labs = makevec(labs)
-    for i in 1:max(length(xs), length(ys), length(labs))
+    xlength = length(methods(length, (typeof(xs),))) == 0 ? 1 : length(xs)
+    ylength = length(methods(length, (typeof(ys),))) == 0 ? 1 : length(ys)
+    for i in 1:max(xlength, ylength, length(labs))
        x, y, lab = _cycle(xs, i), _cycle(ys, i), _cycle(labs, i)
        if lab == :auto
            alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
            push!(anns, (x, y, text(string("(", alphabet[sp[:subplot_index]], ")"), font)))
        else
-            push!(anns, (x, y, isa(lab, PlotText) ? lab : text(lab, font)))
+            push!(anns, (x, y, isa(lab, PlotText) ? lab : isa(lab, Tuple) ? text(lab...) : text(lab, font)))
        end
    end
    anns
@@ -569,7 +614,7 @@ function process_annotation(sp::Subplot, positions::Union{AVec{Symbol},Symbol},
            alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
            push!(anns, (pos, text(string("(", alphabet[sp[:subplot_index]], ")"), font)))
        else
-            push!(anns, (pos, isa(lab, PlotText) ? lab : text(lab, font)))
+            push!(anns, (pos, isa(lab, PlotText) ? lab : isa(lab, Tuple) ? text(lab...) : text(lab, font)))
        end
    end
    anns
@@ -605,23 +650,6 @@ end

 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------

-abstract type AbstractSurface end
-
-"represents a contour or surface mesh"
-struct Surface{M<:AMat} <: AbstractSurface
-  surf::M
-end
-
-Surface(f::Function, x, y) = Surface(Float64[f(xi,yi) for yi in y, xi in x])
-
-Base.Array(surf::Surface) = surf.surf
-
-for f in (:length, :size)
-  @eval Base.$f(surf::Surface, args...) = $f(surf.surf, args...)
-end
-Base.copy(surf::Surface) = Surface(copy(surf.surf))
-Base.eltype(surf::Surface{T}) where {T} = eltype(T)
-
 function expand_extrema!(a::Axis, surf::Surface)
    ex = a[:extrema]
    for vi in surf.surf
@@ -641,30 +669,6 @@ end
 # # I don't want to clash with ValidatedNumerics, but this would be nice:
 # ..(a::T, b::T) = (a,b)

-struct Volume{T}
-    v::Array{T,3}
-    x_extents::Tuple{T,T}
-    y_extents::Tuple{T,T}
-    z_extents::Tuple{T,T}
-end
-
-default_extents(::Type{T}) where {T} = (zero(T), one(T))
-
-function Volume(v::Array{T,3},
-                x_extents = default_extents(T),
-                y_extents = default_extents(T),
-                z_extents = default_extents(T)) where T
-    Volume(v, x_extents, y_extents, z_extents)
-end
-
-Base.Array(vol::Volume) = vol.v
-for f in (:length, :size)
-  @eval Base.$f(vol::Volume, args...) = $f(vol.v, args...)
-end
-Base.copy(vol::Volume{T}) where {T} = Volume{T}(copy(vol.v), vol.x_extents, vol.y_extents, vol.z_extents)
-Base.eltype(vol::Volume{T}) where {T} = T
-
-# -----------------------------------------------------------------------

 # style is :open or :closed (for now)
 struct Arrow
@@ -726,17 +730,10 @@ function add_arrows(func::Function, x::AVec, y::AVec)
    end
 end

-# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-"Represents data values with formatting that should apply to the tick labels."
-struct Formatted{T}
-    data::T
-    formatter::Function
-end

 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 "create a BezierCurve for plotting"
-mutable struct BezierCurve{T <: FixedSizeArrays.Vec}
+mutable struct BezierCurve{T <: GeometryTypes.Point}
    control_points::Vector{T}
 end

@@ -749,12 +746,9 @@ function (bc::BezierCurve)(t::Real)
    p
 end

-# mean(x::Real, y::Real) = 0.5*(x+y) #commented out as I cannot see this used anywhere and it overwrites a Base method with different functionality
-# mean{N,T<:Real}(ps::FixedSizeArrays.Vec{N,T}...) = sum(ps) / length(ps) # I also could not see this used anywhere, and it's type piracy - implementing a NaNMath version for this would just involve converting to a standard array
-
@deprecate curve_points coords

-coords(curve::BezierCurve, n::Integer = 30; range = [0,1]) = map(curve, range(range..., stop=n, length=50))
+coords(curve::BezierCurve, n::Integer = 30; range = [0,1]) = map(curve, Base.range(range..., length=n))

 # build a BezierCurve which leaves point p vertically upwards and arrives point q vertically upwards.
 # may create a loop if necessary.  Assumes the view is [0,1]
@@ -1,208 +0,0 @@
-
-# https://github.com/bokeh/Bokeh.jl
-
-
-supported_attrs(::BokehBackend) = merge_with_base_supported([
-    # :annotations,
-    # :axis,
-    # :background_color,
-    :linecolor,
-    # :color_palette,
-    # :fillrange,
-    # :fillcolor,
-    # :fillalpha,
-    # :foreground_color,
-    :group,
-    # :label,
-    # :layout,
-    # :legend,
-    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
-    :linestyle,
-    :seriestype,
-    :linewidth,
-    # :linealpha,
-    :markershape,
-    :markercolor,
-    :markersize,
-    # :markeralpha,
-    # :markerstrokewidth,
-    # :markerstrokecolor,
-    # :markerstrokestyle,
-    # :n,
-    # :bins,
-    # :nc,
-    # :nr,
-    # :pos,
-    # :smooth,
-    # :show,
-    :size,
-    :title,
-    # :window_title,
-    :x,
-    # :xguide,
-    # :xlims,
-    # :xticks,
-    :y,
-    # :yguide,
-    # :ylims,
-    # :yrightlabel,
-    # :yticks,
-    # :xscale,
-    # :yscale,
-    # :xflip,
-    # :yflip,
-    # :z,
-    # :tickfont,
-    # :guidefont,
-    # :legendfont,
-    # :grid,
-    # :surface,
-    # :levels,
-  ])
-supported_types(::BokehBackend) = [:path, :scatter]
-supported_styles(::BokehBackend) = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot, :dashdotdot]
-supported_markers(::BokehBackend) = [:none, :auto, :circle, :rect, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle, :cross, :xcross, :star5]
-supported_scales(::BokehBackend) = [:identity, :ln]
-is_subplot_supported(::BokehBackend) = false
-
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-
-function _initialize_backend(::BokehBackend; kw...)
-  @eval begin
-    @warn("Bokeh is no longer supported... many features will likely be broken.")
-    import Bokeh
-    export Bokeh
-  end
-end
-
-
-const _glyphtypes = KW(
-    :circle    => :Circle,
-    :rect       => :Square,
-    :diamond    => :Diamond,
-    :utriangle  => :Triangle,
-    :dtriangle  => :InvertedTriangle,
-    # :pentagon   =>
-    # :hexagon    =>
-    # :heptagon   =>
-    # :octagon    =>
-    :cross      => :Cross,
-    :xcross     => :X,
-    :star5      => :Asterisk,
-  )
-
-
-function bokeh_glyph_type(plotattributes::KW)
-  st = plotattributes[:seriestype]
-  mt = plotattributes[:markershape]
-  if st == :scatter && mt == :none
-    mt = :circle
-  end
-
-  # if we have a marker, use that
-  if st == :scatter || mt != :none
-    return _glyphtypes[mt]
-  end
-
-  # otherwise return a line
-  return :Line
-end
-
-function get_stroke_vector(linestyle::Symbol)
-  dash = 12
-  dot = 3
-  gap = 2
-  linestyle == :solid && return Int[]
-  linestyle == :dash && return Int[dash, gap]
-  linestyle == :dot && return Int[dot, gap]
-  linestyle == :dashdot && return Int[dash, gap, dot, gap]
-  linestyle == :dashdotdot && return Int[dash, gap, dot, gap, dot, gap]
-  error("unsupported linestyle: ", linestyle)
-end
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-# function _create_plot(pkg::BokehBackend, plotattributes::KW)
-function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{BokehBackend})
-  # TODO: create the window/canvas/context that is the plot within the backend (call it `o`)
-  # TODO: initialize the plot... title, xlabel, bgcolor, etc
-
-  datacolumns = Bokeh.BokehDataSet[]
-  tools = Bokeh.tools()
-  filename = tempname() * ".html"
-  title = plt.attr[:title]
-  w, h = plt.attr[:size]
-  xaxis_type = plt.attr[:xscale] == :log10 ? :log : :auto
-  yaxis_type = plt.attr[:yscale] == :log10 ? :log : :auto
-  # legend = plt.attr[:legend] ? xxxx : nothing
-  legend = nothing
-  extra_args = KW()  # TODO: we'll put extra settings (xlim, etc) here
-  Bokeh.Plot(datacolumns, tools, filename, title, w, h, xaxis_type, yaxis_type, legend) #, extra_args)
-
-  # Plot(bplt, pkg, 0, plotattributes, KW[])
-end
-
-
-# function _series_added(::BokehBackend, plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW)
-function _series_added(plt::Plot{BokehBackend}, series::Series)
-  bdata = Dict{Symbol, Vector}(:x => collect(series.plotattributes[:x]), :y => collect(series.plotattributes[:y]))
-
-  glyph = Bokeh.Bokehjs.Glyph(
-      glyphtype = bokeh_glyph_type(plotattributes),
-      linecolor = webcolor(plotattributes[:linecolor]),  # shape's stroke or line color
-      linewidth = plotattributes[:linewidth],          # shape's stroke width or line width
-      fillcolor = webcolor(plotattributes[:markercolor]),
-      size      = ceil(Int, plotattributes[:markersize] * 2.5),  # magic number 2.5 to keep in same scale as other backends
-      dash      = get_stroke_vector(plotattributes[:linestyle])
-    )
-
-  legend = nothing  # TODO
-  push!(plt.o.datacolumns, Bokeh.BokehDataSet(bdata, glyph, legend))
-
-  # push!(plt.seriesargs, plotattributes)
-  # plt
-end
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-# TODO: override this to update plot items (title, xlabel, etc) after creation
-function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{BokehBackend}, plotattributes::KW)
-end
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-# accessors for x/y data
-
-# function getxy(plt::Plot{BokehBackend}, i::Int)
-#   series = plt.o.datacolumns[i].data
-#   series[:x], series[:y]
-# end
-#
-# function setxy!(plt::Plot{BokehBackend}, xy::Tuple{X,Y}, i::Integer)
-#   series = plt.o.datacolumns[i].data
-#   series[:x], series[:y] = xy
-#   plt
-# end
-
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-function Base.show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::AbstractPlot{BokehBackend})
-  # TODO: write a png to io
-  @warn("mime png not implemented")
-end
-
-function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, plt::Plot{BokehBackend})
-  Bokeh.showplot(plt.o)
-end
-
-# function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, plt::Subplot{BokehBackend})
-#   # TODO: display/show the subplot
-# end
@@ -1,744 +0,0 @@
-
-# https://github.com/dcjones/Gadfly.jl
-
-
-supported_attrs(::GadflyBackend) = merge_with_base_supported([
-    :annotations,
-    :background_color, :foreground_color, :color_palette,
-    :group, :label, :seriestype,
-    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
-    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
-    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
-    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
-    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
-    :bins, :n, :nc, :nr, :layout, :smooth,
-    :title, :window_title, :show, :size,
-    :x, :xguide, :xlims, :xticks, :xscale, :xflip,
-    :y, :yguide, :ylims, :yticks, :yscale, :yflip,
-    :z,
-    :tickfont, :guidefont, :legendfont,
-    :grid, :legend, :colorbar,
-    :marker_z, :levels,
-    :xerror, :yerror,
-    :ribbon, :quiver,
-    :orientation,
-  ])
-supported_types(::GadflyBackend) = [
-        :path,
-        :scatter, :hexbin,
-        :bar,
-        :contour, :shape
-    ]
-supported_styles(::GadflyBackend) = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot, :dashdotdot]
-supported_markers(::GadflyBackend) = vcat(_allMarkers, Shape)
-supported_scales(::GadflyBackend) = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10, :asinh, :sqrt]
-is_subplot_supported(::GadflyBackend) = true
-
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-function _initialize_backend(::GadflyBackend; kw...)
-    @eval begin
-        import Gadfly, Compose
-        export Gadfly, Compose
-        include(joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__), "gadfly_shapes.jl"))
-    end
-end
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-# immutable MissingVec <: AbstractVector{Float64} end
-# Base.size(v::MissingVec) = (1,)
-# Base.getindex(v::MissingVec, i::Integer) = 0.0
-
-function createGadflyPlotObject(plotattributes::KW)
-    gplt = Gadfly.Plot()
-    gplt.mapping = Dict()
-    gplt.data_source = Gadfly.DataFrames.DataFrame()
-    # gplt.layers = gplt.layers[1:0]
-    gplt.layers = [Gadfly.layer(Gadfly.Geom.point(tag=:remove), x=zeros(1), y=zeros(1));] # x=MissingVec(), y=MissingVec());]
-    gplt.guides = Gadfly.GuideElement[Gadfly.Guide.xlabel(plotattributes[:xguide]),
-                                   Gadfly.Guide.ylabel(plotattributes[:yguide]),
-                                   Gadfly.Guide.title(plotattributes[:title])]
-    gplt
-end
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-function getLineGeom(plotattributes::KW)
-    st = plotattributes[:seriestype]
-    xbins, ybins = maketuple(plotattributes[:bins])
-    if st == :hexb
-        Gadfly.Geom.hexbin(xbincount = xbins, ybincount = ybins)
-    elseif st == :histogram2d
-        Gadfly.Geom.histogram2d(xbincount = xbins, ybincount = ybins)
-    elseif st == :histogram
-        Gadfly.Geom.histogram(bincount = xbins,
-                              orientation = isvertical(plotattributes) ? :vertical : :horizontal,
-                              position = plotattributes[:bar_position] == :stack ? :stack : :dodge)
-    elseif st == :path
-        Gadfly.Geom.path
-    elseif st in (:bar, :sticks)
-        Gadfly.Geom.bar
-    elseif st == :steppost
-        Gadfly.Geom.step
-    elseif st == :steppre
-        Gadfly.Geom.step(direction = :vh)
-    elseif st == :hline
-        Gadfly.Geom.hline
-    elseif st == :vline
-        Gadfly.Geom.vline
-    elseif st == :contour
-        Gadfly.Geom.contour(levels = plotattributes[:levels])
-    # elseif st == :shape
-    #     Gadfly.Geom.polygon(fill = true, preserve_order = true)
-    else
-        nothing
-    end
-end
-
-function get_extra_theme_args(plotattributes::KW, k::Symbol)
-    # gracefully handles old Gadfly versions
-    extra_theme_args = KW()
-    try
-        extra_theme_args[:line_style] = Gadfly.get_stroke_vector(plotattributes[k])
-    catch err
-        if string(err) == "UndefVarError(:get_stroke_vector)"
-            Base.warn_once("Gadfly.get_stroke_vector failed... do you have an old version of Gadfly?")
-        else
-            rethrow()
-        end
-    end
-    extra_theme_args
-end
-
-function getGadflyLineTheme(plotattributes::KW)
-    st = plotattributes[:seriestype]
-    lc = convertColor(getColor(plotattributes[:linecolor]), plotattributes[:linealpha])
-    fc = convertColor(getColor(plotattributes[:fillcolor]), plotattributes[:fillalpha])
-
-    Gadfly.Theme(;
-        default_color = (st in (:histogram,:histogram2d,:hexbin,:bar,:sticks) ? fc : lc),
-        line_width = (st == :sticks ? 1 : plotattributes[:linewidth]) * Gadfly.px,
-        # line_style = Gadfly.get_stroke_vector(plotattributes[:linestyle]),
-        lowlight_color = x->RGB(fc),  # fill/ribbon
-        lowlight_opacity = alpha(fc), # fill/ribbon
-        bar_highlight = RGB(lc),      # bars
-        get_extra_theme_args(plotattributes, :linestyle)...
-    )
-end
-
-# add a line as a new layer
-function addGadflyLine!(plt::Plot, numlayers::Int, plotattributes::KW, geoms...)
-    gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
-    gfargs = vcat(geoms..., getGadflyLineTheme(plotattributes))
-    kwargs = KW()
-    st = plotattributes[:seriestype]
-
-    # add a fill?
-    if plotattributes[:fillrange] != nothing && st != :contour
-        fillmin, fillmax = map(makevec, maketuple(plotattributes[:fillrange]))
-        nmin, nmax = length(fillmin), length(fillmax)
-        kwargs[:ymin] = Float64[min(y, fillmin[mod1(i, nmin)], fillmax[mod1(i, nmax)]) for (i,y) in enumerate(plotattributes[:y])]
-        kwargs[:ymax] = Float64[max(y, fillmin[mod1(i, nmin)], fillmax[mod1(i, nmax)]) for (i,y) in enumerate(plotattributes[:y])]
-        push!(gfargs, Gadfly.Geom.ribbon)
-    end
-
-    if st in (:hline, :vline)
-        kwargs[st == :hline ? :yintercept : :xintercept] = plotattributes[:y]
-
-    else
-        if st == :sticks
-            w = 0.01 * mean(diff(plotattributes[:x]))
-            kwargs[:xmin] = plotattributes[:x] - w
-            kwargs[:xmax] = plotattributes[:x] + w
-        elseif st == :contour
-            kwargs[:z] = plotattributes[:z].surf
-            addGadflyContColorScale(plt, plotattributes[:linecolor])
-        end
-
-        kwargs[:x] = plotattributes[st == :histogram ? :y : :x]
-        kwargs[:y] = plotattributes[:y]
-
-    end
-
-    # # add the layer
-    Gadfly.layer(gfargs...; order=numlayers, kwargs...)
-end
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-get_shape(sym::Symbol) = _shapes[sym]
-get_shape(shape::Shape) = shape
-
-# extract the underlying ShapeGeometry object(s)
-getMarkerGeom(shapes::AVec) = gadflyshape(map(get_shape, shapes))
-getMarkerGeom(other) = gadflyshape(get_shape(other))
-
-# getMarkerGeom(shape::Shape) = gadflyshape(shape)
-# getMarkerGeom(shape::Symbol) = gadflyshape(_shapes[shape])
-# getMarkerGeom(shapes::AVec) = gadflyshape(map(gadflyshape, shapes)) # map(getMarkerGeom, shapes)
-function getMarkerGeom(plotattributes::KW)
-    if plotattributes[:seriestype] == :shape
-        Gadfly.Geom.polygon(fill = true, preserve_order = true)
-    else
-        getMarkerGeom(plotattributes[:markershape])
-    end
-end
-
-function getGadflyMarkerTheme(plotattributes::KW, attr::KW)
-    c = getColor(plotattributes[:markercolor])
-    α = plotattributes[:markeralpha]
-    if α != nothing
-        c = RGBA(RGB(c), α)
-    end
-
-    ms = plotattributes[:markersize]
-    ms = if typeof(ms) <: AVec
-        @warn("Gadfly doesn't support variable marker sizes... using the average: $(mean(ms))")
-        mean(ms) * Gadfly.px
-    else
-        ms * Gadfly.px
-    end
-
-    Gadfly.Theme(;
-        default_color = c,
-        default_point_size = ms,
-        discrete_highlight_color = c -> RGB(getColor(plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor])),
-        highlight_width = plotattributes[:markerstrokewidth] * Gadfly.px,
-        line_width = plotattributes[:markerstrokewidth] * Gadfly.px,
-        # get_extra_theme_args(plotattributes, :markerstrokestyle)...
-    )
-end
-
-function addGadflyContColorScale(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, c)
-    plt.attr[:colorbar] == :none && return
-    if !isa(c, ColorGradient)
-        c = default_gradient()
-    end
-    push!(getGadflyContext(plt).scales, Gadfly.Scale.ContinuousColorScale(p -> RGB(getColorZ(c, p))))
-end
-
-function addGadflyMarker!(plt::Plot, numlayers::Int, plotattributes::KW, attr::KW, geoms...)
-    gfargs = vcat(geoms..., getGadflyMarkerTheme(plotattributes, attr), getMarkerGeom(plotattributes))
-    kwargs = KW()
-
-    # handle continuous color scales for the markers
-    zcolor = plotattributes[:marker_z]
-    if zcolor != nothing && typeof(zcolor) <: AVec
-        kwargs[:color] = zcolor
-        addGadflyContColorScale(plt, plotattributes[:markercolor])
-    end
-
-    Gadfly.layer(gfargs...; x = plotattributes[:x], y = plotattributes[:y], order=numlayers, kwargs...)
-end
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-function addToGadflyLegend(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW)
-    if plt.attr[:legend] != :none && plotattributes[:label] != ""
-        gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
-
-        # add the legend if needed
-        if all(g -> !isa(g, Gadfly.Guide.ManualColorKey), gplt.guides)
-            pushfirst!(gplt.guides, Gadfly.Guide.manual_color_key("", AbstractString[], Color[]))
-        end
-
-        # now add the series to the legend
-        for guide in gplt.guides
-            if isa(guide, Gadfly.Guide.ManualColorKey)
-                # TODO: there's a BUG in gadfly if you pass in the same color more than once,
-                # since gadfly will call unique(colors), but doesn't also merge the rows that match
-                # Should ensure from this side that colors which are the same are merged together
-
-                c = getColor(plotattributes[plotattributes[:markershape] == :none ? :linecolor : :markercolor])
-                foundit = false
-
-                # extend the label if we found this color
-                for i in 1:length(guide.colors)
-                    if RGB(c) == guide.colors[i]
-                        guide.labels[i] *= ", " * plotattributes[:label]
-                        foundit = true
-                    end
-                end
-
-                # didn't find the color, so add a new entry into the legend
-                if !foundit
-                    push!(guide.labels, plotattributes[:label])
-                    push!(guide.colors, c)
-                end
-            end
-        end
-    end
-end
-
-getGadflySmoothing(smooth::Bool) = smooth ? [Gadfly.Geom.smooth(method=:lm)] : Any[]
-getGadflySmoothing(smooth::Real) = [Gadfly.Geom.smooth(method=:loess, smoothing=float(smooth))]
-
-
-function addGadflySeries!(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW)
-    layers = Gadfly.Layer[]
-    gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
-
-    # add a regression line?
-    # TODO: make more flexible
-    smooth = getGadflySmoothing(plotattributes[:smooth])
-
-    # lines
-    geom = getLineGeom(plotattributes)
-    if geom != nothing
-        prepend!(layers, addGadflyLine!(plt, length(gplt.layers), plotattributes, geom, smooth...))
-        smooth = Any[] # don't add a regression for markers too
-    end
-
-    # special handling for ohlc and scatter
-    st = plotattributes[:seriestype]
-    # if st == :ohlc
-    #     error("Haven't re-implemented after refactoring")
-    if st in (:histogram2d, :hexbin) && (isa(plotattributes[:fillcolor], ColorGradient) || isa(plotattributes[:fillcolor], ColorFunction))
-        push!(gplt.scales, Gadfly.Scale.ContinuousColorScale(p -> RGB(getColorZ(plotattributes[:fillcolor], p))))
-    elseif st == :scatter && plotattributes[:markershape] == :none
-        plotattributes[:markershape] = :circle
-    end
-
-    # markers
-    if plotattributes[:markershape] != :none || st == :shape
-        prepend!(layers, addGadflyMarker!(plt, length(gplt.layers), plotattributes, plt.attr, smooth...))
-    end
-
-    st in (:histogram2d, :hexbin, :contour) || addToGadflyLegend(plt, plotattributes)
-
-    # now save the layers that apply to this series
-    plotattributes[:gadflylayers] = layers
-    prepend!(gplt.layers, layers)
-end
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-# NOTE: I'm leaving this here and commented out just in case I want to implement again... it was hacky code to create multi-colored line segments
-
-#   # colorgroup
-#   z = plotattributes[:z]
-
-#   # handle line segments of different colors
-#   cscheme = plotattributes[:linecolor]
-#   if isa(cscheme, ColorVector)
-#     # create a color scale, and set the color group to the index of the color
-#     push!(gplt.scales, Gadfly.Scale.color_discrete_manual(cscheme.v...))
-
-#     # this is super weird, but... oh well... for some reason this creates n separate line segments...
-#     # create a list of vertices that go: [x1,x2,x2,x3,x3, ... ,xi,xi, ... xn,xn] (same for y)
-#     # then the vector passed to the "color" keyword should be a vector: [1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4, ..., i,i, ... , n,n]
-#     csindices = Int[mod1(i,length(cscheme.v)) for i in 1:length(plotattributes[:y])]
-#     cs = collect(repeat(csindices', 2, 1))[1:end-1]
-#     grp = collect(repeat((1:length(plotattributes[:y]))', 2, 1))[1:end-1]
-#     plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y] = map(createSegments, (plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y]))
-#     colorgroup = [(:linecolor, cs), (:group, grp)]
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-function addGadflyTicksGuide(gplt, ticks, isx::Bool)
-    ticks == :auto && return
-
-    # remove the ticks?
-    if ticks in (:none, false, nothing)
-        return addOrReplace(gplt.guides, isx ? Gadfly.Guide.xticks : Gadfly.Guide.yticks; label=false)
-    end
-
-    ttype = ticksType(ticks)
-
-    # just the values... put ticks here, but use standard labels
-    if ttype == :ticks
-        gtype = isx ? Gadfly.Guide.xticks : Gadfly.Guide.yticks
-        replaceType(gplt.guides, gtype(ticks = collect(ticks)))
-
-    # set the ticks and the labels
-    # Note: this is pretty convoluted, but I think it works.  We set the ticks using Gadfly.Guide,
-    #   and then set the label function (wraps a dict lookup) through a continuous Gadfly.Scale.
-    elseif ttype == :ticks_and_labels
-        gtype = isx ? Gadfly.Guide.xticks : Gadfly.Guide.yticks
-        replaceType(gplt.guides, gtype(ticks = collect(ticks[1])))
-
-        # # TODO add xtick_label function (given tick, return label??)
-        # # Scale.x_discrete(; labels=nothing, levels=nothing, order=nothing)
-        # filterGadflyScale(gplt, isx)
-        # gfunc = isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_discrete : Gadfly.Scale.y_discrete
-        # labelmap = Dict(zip(ticks...))
-        # labelfunc = val -> labelmap[val]
-        # push!(gplt.scales, gfunc(levels = collect(ticks[1]), labels = labelfunc))
-
-        filterGadflyScale(gplt, isx)
-        gfunc = isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_continuous : Gadfly.Scale.y_continuous
-        labelmap = Dict(zip(ticks...))
-        labelfunc = val -> labelmap[val]
-        push!(gplt.scales, gfunc(labels = labelfunc))
-
-    else
-        error("Invalid input for $(isx ? "xticks" : "yticks"): ", ticks)
-    end
-end
-
-continuousAndSameAxis(scale, isx::Bool) = isa(scale, Gadfly.Scale.ContinuousScale) && scale.vars[1] == (isx ? :x : :y)
-filterGadflyScale(gplt, isx::Bool) = filter!(scale -> !continuousAndSameAxis(scale, isx), gplt.scales)
-
-
-function getGadflyScaleFunction(plotattributes::KW, isx::Bool)
-    scalekey = isx ? :xscale : :yscale
-    hasScaleKey = haskey(plotattributes, scalekey)
-    if hasScaleKey
-        scale = plotattributes[scalekey]
-        scale == :ln && return isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_log : Gadfly.Scale.y_log, hasScaleKey, log
-        scale == :log2 && return isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_log2 : Gadfly.Scale.y_log2, hasScaleKey, log2
-        scale == :log10 && return isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_log10 : Gadfly.Scale.y_log10, hasScaleKey, log10
-        scale == :asinh && return isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_asinh : Gadfly.Scale.y_asinh, hasScaleKey, asinh
-        scale == :sqrt && return isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_sqrt : Gadfly.Scale.y_sqrt, hasScaleKey, sqrt
-    end
-    isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_continuous : Gadfly.Scale.y_continuous, hasScaleKey, identity
-end
-
-
-function addGadflyLimitsScale(gplt, plotattributes::KW, isx::Bool)
-    gfunc, hasScaleKey, func = getGadflyScaleFunction(plotattributes, isx)
-
-    # do we want to add min/max limits for the axis?
-    limsym = isx ? :xlims : :ylims
-    limargs = Any[]
-
-    # map :auto to nothing, otherwise add to limargs
-    lims = get(plotattributes, limsym, :auto)
-    if lims == :auto
-        lims = nothing
-    else
-        if limsType(lims) == :limits
-            push!(limargs, (:minvalue, min(lims...)))
-            push!(limargs, (:maxvalue, max(lims...)))
-        else
-            error("Invalid input for $(isx ? "xlims" : "ylims"): ", lims)
-        end
-    end
-
-    # replace any current scales with this one
-    if hasScaleKey || !isempty(limargs)
-        filterGadflyScale(gplt, isx)
-        push!(gplt.scales, gfunc(; limargs...))
-    end
-
-    lims, func
-end
-
-function updateGadflyAxisFlips(gplt, plotattributes::KW, xlims, ylims, xfunc, yfunc)
-    if isa(gplt.coord, Gadfly.Coord.Cartesian)
-        gplt.coord = Gadfly.Coord.cartesian(
-            gplt.coord.xvars,
-            gplt.coord.yvars;
-            xmin = xlims == nothing ? gplt.coord.xmin : xfunc(minimum(xlims)),
-            xmax = xlims == nothing ? gplt.coord.xmax : xfunc(maximum(xlims)),
-            ymin = ylims == nothing ? gplt.coord.ymin : yfunc(minimum(ylims)),
-            ymax = ylims == nothing ? gplt.coord.ymax : yfunc(maximum(ylims)),
-            xflip = get(plotattributes, :xflip, gplt.coord.xflip),
-            yflip = get(plotattributes, :yflip, gplt.coord.yflip),
-            fixed = gplt.coord.fixed,
-            aspect_ratio = gplt.coord.aspect_ratio,
-            raster = gplt.coord.raster
-        )
-    else
-        gplt.coord = Gadfly.Coord.Cartesian(
-            xflip = get(plotattributes, :xflip, false),
-            yflip = get(plotattributes, :yflip, false)
-        )
-    end
-end
-
-
-function findGuideAndSet(gplt, t::DataType, args...; kw...)
-    for (i,guide) in enumerate(gplt.guides)
-        if isa(guide, t)
-            gplt.guides[i] = t(args...; kw...)
-        end
-    end
-end
-
-function updateGadflyGuides(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW)
-    gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
-    haskey(plotattributes, :title) && findGuideAndSet(gplt, Gadfly.Guide.title, string(plotattributes[:title]))
-    haskey(plotattributes, :xguide) && findGuideAndSet(gplt, Gadfly.Guide.xlabel, string(plotattributes[:xguide]))
-    haskey(plotattributes, :yguide) && findGuideAndSet(gplt, Gadfly.Guide.ylabel, string(plotattributes[:yguide]))
-
-    xlims, xfunc = addGadflyLimitsScale(gplt, plotattributes, true)
-    ylims, yfunc = addGadflyLimitsScale(gplt, plotattributes, false)
-
-    ticks = get(plotattributes, :xticks, :auto)
-    if ticks == :none
-        _remove_axis(plt, true)
-    else
-        addGadflyTicksGuide(gplt, ticks, true)
-    end
-    ticks = get(plotattributes, :yticks, :auto)
-    if ticks == :none
-        _remove_axis(plt, false)
-    else
-        addGadflyTicksGuide(gplt, ticks, false)
-    end
-
-    updateGadflyAxisFlips(gplt, plotattributes, xlims, ylims, xfunc, yfunc)
-end
-
-function updateGadflyPlotTheme(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW)
-    kwargs = KW()
-
-    # colors
-    insidecolor, gridcolor, textcolor, guidecolor, legendcolor =
-        map(s -> getColor(plotattributes[s]), (
-            :background_color_inside,
-            :foreground_color_grid,
-            :foreground_color_text,
-            :foreground_color_guide,
-            :foreground_color_legend
-        ))
-
-    # # hide the legend?
-    leg = plotattributes[plotattributes[:legend] == :none ? :colorbar : :legend]
-    if leg != :best
-        kwargs[:key_position] = leg == :inside ? :right : leg
-    end
-
-    if !get(plotattributes, :grid, true)
-        kwargs[:grid_color] = gridcolor
-    end
-
-    # fonts
-    tfont, gfont, lfont = plotattributes[:tickfont], plotattributes[:guidefont], plotattributes[:legendfont]
-
-    getGadflyContext(plt).theme = Gadfly.Theme(;
-        background_color = insidecolor,
-        minor_label_color = textcolor,
-        minor_label_font = tfont.family,
-        minor_label_font_size = tfont.pointsize * Gadfly.pt,
-        major_label_color = guidecolor,
-        major_label_font = gfont.family,
-        major_label_font_size = gfont.pointsize * Gadfly.pt,
-        key_title_color = guidecolor,
-        key_title_font = gfont.family,
-        key_title_font_size = gfont.pointsize * Gadfly.pt,
-        key_label_color = legendcolor,
-        key_label_font = lfont.family,
-        key_label_font_size = lfont.pointsize * Gadfly.pt,
-        plot_padding = 1 * Gadfly.mm,
-        kwargs...
-    )
-end
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-function createGadflyAnnotationObject(x, y, val::AbstractString)
-    Gadfly.Guide.annotation(Compose.compose(
-                              Compose.context(),
-                              Compose.text(x, y, val)
-                            ))
-end
-
-function createGadflyAnnotationObject(x, y, txt::PlotText)
-    halign = (txt.font.halign == :hcenter ? Compose.hcenter : (txt.font.halign == :left ? Compose.hleft : Compose.hright))
-    valign = (txt.font.valign == :vcenter ? Compose.vcenter : (txt.font.valign == :top ? Compose.vtop : Compose.vbottom))
-    rotations = (txt.font.rotation == 0.0 ? [] : [Compose.Rotation(txt.font.rotation, Compose.Point(Compose.x_measure(x), Compose.y_measure(y)))])
-    Gadfly.Guide.annotation(Compose.compose(
-                              Compose.context(),
-                              Compose.text(x, y, txt.str, halign, valign, rotations...),
-                              Compose.font(string(txt.font.family)),
-                              Compose.fontsize(txt.font.pointsize * Gadfly.pt),
-                              Compose.stroke(txt.font.color),
-                              Compose.fill(txt.font.color)
-                            ))
-end
-
-function _add_annotations(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, anns::AVec{Tuple{X,Y,V}}) where {X,Y,V}
-    for ann in anns
-        push!(plt.o.guides, createGadflyAnnotationObject(ann...))
-    end
-end
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-# create a blank Gadfly.Plot object
-# function _create_plot(pkg::GadflyBackend, plotattributes::KW)
-#     gplt = createGadflyPlotObject(plotattributes)
-#     Plot(gplt, pkg, 0, plotattributes, KW[])
-# end
-function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend})
-    createGadflyPlotObject(plt.attr)
-end
-
-
-# plot one data series
-# function _series_added(::GadflyBackend, plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW)
-function _series_added(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, series::Series)
-    # first clear out the temporary layer
-    gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
-    if gplt.layers[1].geom.tag == :remove
-        gplt.layers = gplt.layers[2:end]
-    end
-
-    addGadflySeries!(plt, series.plotattributes)
-    # push!(plt.seriesargs, plotattributes)
-    # plt
-end
-
-
-
-function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, plotattributes::KW)
-    updateGadflyGuides(plt, plotattributes)
-    updateGadflyPlotTheme(plt, plotattributes)
-end
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-# accessors for x/y data
-
-# TODO: need to save all the layer indices which apply to this series
-function getGadflyMappings(plt::Plot, i::Integer)
-    @assert i > 0 && i <= plt.n
-    mappings = [l.mapping for l in plt.seriesargs[i][:gadflylayers]]
-end
-
-function getxy(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, i::Integer)
-    mapping = getGadflyMappings(plt, i)[1]
-    mapping[:x], mapping[:y]
-end
-
-function setxy!(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, xy::Tuple{X,Y}, i::Integer) where {X,Y}
-    for mapping in getGadflyMappings(plt, i)
-        mapping[:x], mapping[:y] = xy
-    end
-    plt
-end
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-# # create the underlying object (each backend will do this differently)
-# function _create_subplot(subplt::Subplot{GadflyBackend}, isbefore::Bool)
-#     isbefore && return false # wait until after plotting to create the subplots
-#     subplt.o = nothing
-#     true
-# end
-
-
-function _remove_axis(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, isx::Bool)
-    gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
-    addOrReplace(gplt.guides, isx ? Gadfly.Guide.xticks : Gadfly.Guide.yticks; label=false)
-    addOrReplace(gplt.guides, isx ? Gadfly.Guide.xlabel : Gadfly.Guide.ylabel, "")
-end
-
-function _expand_limits(lims, plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, isx::Bool)
-    for l in getGadflyContext(plt).layers
-        _expand_limits(lims, l.mapping[isx ? :x : :y])
-    end
-end
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-getGadflyContext(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}) = plt.o
-# getGadflyContext(subplt::Subplot{GadflyBackend}) = buildGadflySubplotContext(subplt)
-
-# # create my Compose.Context grid by hstacking and vstacking the Gadfly.Plot objects
-# function buildGadflySubplotContext(subplt::Subplot)
-#     rows = Any[]
-#     row = Any[]
-#     for (i,(r,c)) in enumerate(subplt.layout)
-#
-#         # add the Plot object to the row
-#         push!(row, getGadflyContext(subplt.plts[i]))
-#
-#         # add the row
-#         if c == ncols(subplt.layout, r)
-#             push!(rows, Gadfly.hstack(row...))
-#             row = Any[]
-#         end
-#     end
-#
-#     # stack the rows
-#     Gadfly.vstack(rows...)
-# end
-
-setGadflyDisplaySize(w,h) = Compose.set_default_graphic_size(w * Compose.px, h * Compose.px)
-setGadflyDisplaySize(plt::Plot) = setGadflyDisplaySize(plt.attr[:size]...)
-# setGadflyDisplaySize(subplt::Subplot) = setGadflyDisplaySize(getattr(subplt, 1)[:size]...)
-# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-function doshow(io::IO, func, plt::AbstractPlot{P}) where P<:Union{GadflyBackend,ImmerseBackend}
-    gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
-    setGadflyDisplaySize(plt)
-    Gadfly.draw(func(io, Compose.default_graphic_width, Compose.default_graphic_height), gplt)
-end
-
-getGadflyWriteFunc(::MIME"image/png") = Gadfly.PNG
-getGadflyWriteFunc(::MIME"image/svg+xml") = Gadfly.SVG
-# getGadflyWriteFunc(::MIME"text/html") = Gadfly.SVGJS
-getGadflyWriteFunc(::MIME"application/pdf") = Gadfly.PDF
-getGadflyWriteFunc(::MIME"application/postscript") = Gadfly.PS
-getGadflyWriteFunc(::MIME"application/x-tex") = Gadfly.PGF
-getGadflyWriteFunc(m::MIME) = error("Unsupported in Gadfly/Immerse: ", m)
-
-for mime in (MIME"image/png", MIME"image/svg+xml", MIME"application/pdf", MIME"application/postscript", MIME"application/x-tex")
-    @eval function Base.show(io::IO, ::$mime, plt::AbstractPlot{P}) where P<:Union{GadflyBackend,ImmerseBackend}
-        func = getGadflyWriteFunc($mime())
-        doshow(io, func, plt)
-    end
-end
-
-
-
-function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, plt::Plot{GadflyBackend})
-    setGadflyDisplaySize(plt.attr[:size]...)
-    display(plt.o)
-end
-
-
-# function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, subplt::Subplot{GadflyBackend})
-#     setGadflyDisplaySize(getattr(subplt,1)[:size]...)
-#     ctx = buildGadflySubplotContext(subplt)
-#
-#     # taken from Gadfly since I couldn't figure out how to do it directly
-#
-#     filename = string(Gadfly.tempname(), ".html")
-#     output = open(filename, "w")
-#
-#     plot_output = IOBuffer()
-#     Gadfly.draw(Gadfly.SVGJS(plot_output, Compose.default_graphic_width,
-#              Compose.default_graphic_height, false), ctx)
-#     plotsvg = takebuf_string(plot_output)
-#
-#     write(output,
-#       """
-#       <!DOCTYPE html>
-#       <html>
-#         <head>
-#           <title>Gadfly Plot</title>
-#           <meta charset="utf-8">
-#         </head>
-#           <body>
-#           <script charset="utf-8">
-#               $(readall(Compose.snapsvgjs))
-#           </script>
-#           <script charset="utf-8">
-#               $(readall(Gadfly.gadflyjs))
-#           </script>
-#           $(plotsvg)
-#         </body>
-#       </html>
-#       """)
-#     close(output)
-#     Gadfly.open_file(filename)
-# end
@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-
-
-# Geometry which displays arbitrary shapes at given (x, y) positions.
-# note: vertices is a list of shapes
-struct ShapeGeometry <: Gadfly.GeometryElement
-    vertices::AbstractVector #{Tuple{Float64,Float64}}
-    tag::Symbol
-
-    function ShapeGeometry(shape; tag::Symbol=Gadfly.Geom.empty_tag)
-        new(shape, tag)
-    end
-end
-
-# TODO: add for PR
-# const shape = ShapeGeometry
-
-
-function Gadfly.element_aesthetics(::ShapeGeometry)
-    [:x, :y, :size, :color]
-end
-
-
-# Generate a form for a shape geometry.
-#
-# Args:
-#   geom: shape geometry.
-#   theme: the plot's theme.
-#   aes: aesthetics.
-#
-# Returns:
-#   A compose Form.
-#
-function Gadfly.render(geom::ShapeGeometry, theme::Gadfly.Theme, aes::Gadfly.Aesthetics)
-
-    # TODO: add for PR
-    # Gadfly.assert_aesthetics_defined("Geom.shape", aes, :x, :y)
-    # Gadfly.assert_aesthetics_equal_length("Geom.shape", aes,
-    #                                       element_aesthetics(geom)...)
-
-    default_aes = Gadfly.Aesthetics()
-    default_aes.color = Gadfly.DataFrames.PooledDataArray(RGBA{Float32}[theme.default_color])
-    default_aes.size = Compose.Measure[theme.default_point_size]
-    aes = Gadfly.inherit(aes, default_aes)
-
-    lw_hover_scale = 10
-    lw_ratio = theme.line_width / aes.size[1]
-
-    aes_x, aes_y = Gadfly.concretize(aes.x, aes.y)
-
-    ctx = Compose.compose!(
-        Compose.context(),
-        make_polygon(geom, aes.x, aes.y, aes.size),
-        Compose.fill(aes.color),
-        Compose.linewidth(theme.highlight_width))
-
-    if aes.color_key_continuous != nothing && aes.color_key_continuous
-        Compose.compose!(ctx,
-            Compose.stroke(map(theme.continuous_highlight_color, aes.color)))
-    else
-        Compose.compose!(ctx,
-            Compose.stroke(map(theme.discrete_highlight_color, aes.color)),
-            Compose.svgclass([Gadfly.svg_color_class_from_label(Gadfly.escape_id(aes.color_label([c])[1]))
-                      for c in aes.color]))
-    end
-
-    return Compose.compose!(Compose.context(order=4), Compose.svgclass("geometry"), ctx)
-end
-
-function gadflyshape(sv::Shape)
-  ShapeGeometry(Any[vertices(sv)])
-end
-
-function gadflyshape(sv::AVec{Shape})
-    ShapeGeometry(Any[vertices(s) for s in sv])
-end
-
-
-# create a Compose context given a ShapeGeometry and the xs/ys/sizes
-function make_polygon(geom::ShapeGeometry, xs::AbstractArray, ys::AbstractArray, rs::AbstractArray)
-  n = max(length(xs), length(ys), length(rs))
-  T = Tuple{Compose.Measure, Compose.Measure}
-  polys = Array(Vector{T}, n)
-  for i in 1:n
-    x = Compose.x_measure(xs[mod1(i, length(xs))])
-    y = Compose.y_measure(ys[mod1(i, length(ys))])
-    r = rs[mod1(i, length(rs))]
-    polys[i] = T[(x + r * sx, y + r * sy) for (sx,sy) in _cycle(geom.vertices, i)]
-  end
-  Gadfly.polygon(polys, geom.tag)
-end
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1,186 +0,0 @@
-
-# https://github.com/JuliaGraphics/Immerse.jl
-
-supported_attrs(::ImmerseBackend) = supported_attrs(GadflyBackend())
-supported_types(::ImmerseBackend) = supported_types(GadflyBackend())
-supported_styles(::ImmerseBackend) = supported_styles(GadflyBackend())
-supported_markers(::ImmerseBackend) = supported_markers(GadflyBackend())
-supported_scales(::ImmerseBackend) = supported_scales(GadflyBackend())
-is_subplot_supported(::ImmerseBackend) = true
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-function _initialize_backend(::ImmerseBackend; kw...)
-  @eval begin
-    import Immerse, Gadfly, Compose, Gtk
-    export Immerse, Gadfly, Compose, Gtk
-    include(joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__), "gadfly_shapes.jl"))
-  end
-end
-
-function createImmerseFigure(plotattributes::KW)
-  w,h = plotattributes[:size]
-  figidx = Immerse.figure(; name = plotattributes[:window_title], width = w, height = h)
-  Immerse.Figure(figidx)
-end
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-# create a blank Gadfly.Plot object
-# function _create_plot(pkg::ImmerseBackend, plotattributes::KW)
-#   # create the underlying Gadfly.Plot object
-#   gplt = createGadflyPlotObject(plotattributes)
-#
-#   # save both the Immerse.Figure and the Gadfly.Plot
-#   Plot((nothing,gplt), pkg, 0, plotattributes, KW[])
-# end
-function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend})
-    (nothing, createGadflyPlotObject(plt.attr))
-end
-
-
-# # plot one data series
-# function _series_added(::ImmerseBackend, plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW)
-#   addGadflySeries!(plt, plotattributes)
-#   push!(plt.seriesargs, plotattributes)
-#   plt
-# end
-
-function _series_added(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}, series::Series)
-    addGadflySeries!(plt, series.plotattributes)
-end
-
-
-function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}, plotattributes::KW)
-  updateGadflyGuides(plt, plotattributes)
-  updateGadflyPlotTheme(plt, plotattributes)
-end
-
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-function _add_annotations(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}, anns::AVec{Tuple{X,Y,V}}) where {X,Y,V}
-  for ann in anns
-    push!(getGadflyContext(plt).guides, createGadflyAnnotationObject(ann...))
-  end
-end
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-# accessors for x/y data
-
-function getxy(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}, i::Integer)
-  mapping = getGadflyMappings(plt, i)[1]
-  mapping[:x], mapping[:y]
-end
-
-function setxy!(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}, xy::Tuple{X,Y}, i::Integer) where {X,Y}
-  for mapping in getGadflyMappings(plt, i)
-    mapping[:x], mapping[:y] = xy
-  end
-  plt
-end
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-# function _create_subplot(subplt::Subplot{ImmerseBackend}, isbefore::Bool)
-#   return false
-#   # isbefore && return false
-# end
-#
-# function showSubplotObject(subplt::Subplot{ImmerseBackend})
-#   # create the Gtk window with vertical box vsep
-#   plotattributes = getattr(subplt,1)
-#   w,h = plotattributes[:size]
-#   vsep = Gtk.GtkBoxLeaf(:v)
-#   win = Gtk.GtkWindowLeaf(vsep, plotattributes[:window_title], w, h)
-#
-#   figindices = []
-#   row = Gtk.GtkBoxLeaf(:h)
-#   push!(vsep, row)
-#   for (i,(r,c)) in enumerate(subplt.layout)
-#     plt = subplt.plts[i]
-#
-#     # get the components... box is the main plot GtkBox, and canvas is the GtkCanvas where it's plotted
-#     box, toolbar, canvas = Immerse.createPlotGuiComponents()
-#
-#     # add the plot's box to the row
-#     push!(row, box)
-#
-#     # create the figure and store the index returned for destruction later
-#     figidx = Immerse.figure(canvas)
-#     push!(figindices, figidx)
-#
-#     fig = Immerse.figure(figidx)
-#     plt.o = (fig, plt.o[2])
-#
-#     # add the row
-#     if c == ncols(subplt.layout, r)
-#       row = Gtk.GtkBoxLeaf(:h)
-#       push!(vsep, row)
-#     end
-#
-#   end
-#
-#   # destructor... clean up plots
-#   Gtk.on_signal_destroy((x...) -> ([Immerse.dropfig(Immerse._display,i) for i in figindices]; subplt.o = nothing), win)
-#
-#   subplt.o = win
-#   true
-# end
-
-
-function _remove_axis(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}, isx::Bool)
-  gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
-  addOrReplace(gplt.guides, isx ? Gadfly.Guide.xticks : Gadfly.Guide.yticks; label=false)
-  addOrReplace(gplt.guides, isx ? Gadfly.Guide.xlabel : Gadfly.Guide.ylabel, "")
-end
-
-function _expand_limits(lims, plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}, isx::Bool)
-  for l in getGadflyContext(plt).layers
-    _expand_limits(lims, l.mapping[isx ? :x : :y])
-  end
-end
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-getGadflyContext(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}) = plt.o[2]
-# getGadflyContext(subplt::Subplot{ImmerseBackend}) = buildGadflySubplotContext(subplt)
-
-
-function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend})
-
-  fig, gplt = plt.o
-  if fig == nothing
-    fig = createImmerseFigure(plt.attr)
-    Gtk.on_signal_destroy((x...) -> (Immerse.dropfig(Immerse._display, fig.figno); plt.o = (nothing,gplt)), fig.canvas)
-    plt.o = (fig, gplt)
-  end
-
-  Immerse.figure(fig.figno; displayfig = false)
-  display(gplt)
-end
-
-
-# function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, subplt::Subplot{ImmerseBackend})
-#
-#   # if we haven't created the window yet, do it
-#   if subplt.o == nothing
-#     showSubplotObject(subplt)
-#   end
-#
-#   # display the plots by creating a fresh Immerse.Figure object from the GtkCanvas and Gadfly.Plot
-#   for plt in subplt.plts
-#     fig, gplt = plt.o
-#     Immerse.figure(fig.figno; displayfig = false)
-#     display(gplt)
-#   end
-#
-#   # o is the window... show it
-#   showall(subplt.o)
-# end
@@ -1,308 +0,0 @@
-
-# https://github.com/tbreloff/Qwt.jl
-
-
-supported_attrs(::QwtBackend) = merge_with_base_supported([
-    :annotations,
-    :linecolor,
-    :fillrange,
-    :fillcolor,
-    :label,
-    :legend,
-    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
-    :linestyle,
-    :linewidth,
-    :markershape,
-    :markercolor,
-    :markersize,
-    :bins,
-    :pos,
-    :title,
-    :window_title,
-    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale,
-  ])
-supported_types(::QwtBackend) = [:path, :scatter, :hexbin, :bar]
-supported_markers(::QwtBackend) = [:none, :auto, :rect, :circle, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle, :cross, :xcross, :star5, :star8, :hexagon]
-supported_scales(::QwtBackend) = [:identity, :log10]
-is_subplot_supported(::QwtBackend) = true
-
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-function _initialize_backend(::QwtBackend; kw...)
-  @eval begin
-    @warn("Qwt is no longer supported... many features will likely be broken.")
-    import Qwt
-    export Qwt
-  end
-end
-
-# -------------------------------
-
-const _qwtAliases = KW(
-    :bins => :heatmap_n,
-    :fillrange => :fillto,
-    :linewidth => :width,
-    :markershape => :marker,
-    :hexbin => :heatmap,
-    :path => :line,
-    :steppost => :step,
-    :steppre => :stepinverted,
-    :star5 => :star1,
-    :star8 => :star2,
-  )
-
-function fixcolors(plotattributes::KW)
-  for (k,v) in plotattributes
-    if typeof(v) <: ColorScheme
-      plotattributes[k] = getColor(v)
-    end
-  end
-end
-
-function replaceQwtAliases(plotattributes, s)
-  if haskey(_qwtAliases, plotattributes[s])
-    plotattributes[s] = _qwtAliases[plotattributes[s]]
-  end
-end
-
-function adjustQwtKeywords(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, iscreating::Bool; kw...)
-  plotattributes = KW(kw)
-  st = plotattributes[:seriestype]
-  if st == :scatter
-    plotattributes[:seriestype] = :none
-    if plotattributes[:markershape] == :none
-      plotattributes[:markershape] = :circle
-    end
-
-  elseif st in (:hline, :vline)
-    addLineMarker(plt, plotattributes)
-    plotattributes[:seriestype] = :none
-    plotattributes[:markershape] = :circle
-    plotattributes[:markersize] = 1
-    if st == :vline
-      plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y] = plotattributes[:y], plotattributes[:x]
-    end
-
-  elseif !iscreating && st == :bar
-    plotattributes = barHack(; kw...)
-  elseif !iscreating && st == :histogram
-    plotattributes = barHack(; histogramHack(; kw...)...)
-  end
-
-  replaceQwtAliases(plotattributes, :seriestype)
-  replaceQwtAliases(plotattributes, :markershape)
-
-  for k in keys(plotattributes)
-    if haskey(_qwtAliases, k)
-      plotattributes[_qwtAliases[k]] = plotattributes[k]
-    end
-  end
-
-  plotattributes[:x] = collect(plotattributes[:x])
-  plotattributes[:y] = collect(plotattributes[:y])
-
-  plotattributes
-end
-
-# function _create_plot(pkg::QwtBackend, plotattributes::KW)
-function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{QwtBackend})
-  fixcolors(plt.attr)
-  dumpdict(plt.attr,"\n\n!!! plot")
-  o = Qwt.plot(zeros(0,0); plt.attr..., show=false)
-  # plt = Plot(o, pkg, 0, plotattributes, KW[])
-  # plt
-end
-
-# function _series_added(::QwtBackend, plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW)
-function _series_added(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, series::Series)
-  plotattributes = adjustQwtKeywords(plt, false; series.plotattributes...)
-  fixcolors(plotattributes)
-  dumpdict(plotattributes,"\n\n!!! plot!")
-  Qwt.oplot(plt.o; plotattributes...)
-  # push!(plt.seriesargs, plotattributes)
-  # plt
-end
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-function updateLimsAndTicks(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, plotattributes::KW, isx::Bool)
-  lims = get(plotattributes, isx ? :xlims : :ylims, nothing)
-  ticks = get(plotattributes, isx ? :xticks : :yticks, nothing)
-  w = plt.o.widget
-  axisid = Qwt.QWT.QwtPlot[isx ? :xBottom : :yLeft]
-
-  if typeof(lims) <: Union{Tuple,AVec} && length(lims) == 2
-    if isx
-      plt.o.autoscale_x = false
-    else
-      plt.o.autoscale_y = false
-    end
-    w[:setAxisScale](axisid, lims...)
-  end
-
-  if typeof(ticks) <: AbstractRange
-    if isx
-      plt.o.autoscale_x = false
-    else
-      plt.o.autoscale_y = false
-    end
-    w[:setAxisScale](axisid, float(minimum(ticks)), float(maximum(ticks)), float(step(ticks)))
-  elseif !(ticks in (nothing, :none, :auto))
-    @warn("Only Range types are supported for Qwt xticks/yticks. typeof(ticks)=$(typeof(ticks))")
-  end
-
-  # change the scale
-  scalesym = isx ? :xscale : :yscale
-  if haskey(plotattributes, scalesym)
-    scaletype = plotattributes[scalesym]
-    scaletype == :identity  && w[:setAxisScaleEngine](axisid, Qwt.QWT.QwtLinearScaleEngine())
-    # scaletype == :log       && w[:setAxisScaleEngine](axisid, Qwt.QWT.QwtLogScaleEngine(e))
-    # scaletype == :log2      && w[:setAxisScaleEngine](axisid, Qwt.QWT.QwtLogScaleEngine(2))
-    scaletype == :log10     && w[:setAxisScaleEngine](axisid, Qwt.QWT.QwtLog10ScaleEngine())
-    scaletype in supported_scales() || @warn("Unsupported scale type: ", scaletype)
-  end
-
-end
-
-
-function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, plotattributes::KW)
-  haskey(plotattributes, :title) && Qwt.title(plt.o, plotattributes[:title])
-  haskey(plotattributes, :xguide) && Qwt.xlabel(plt.o, plotattributes[:xguide])
-  haskey(plotattributes, :yguide) && Qwt.ylabel(plt.o, plotattributes[:yguide])
-  updateLimsAndTicks(plt, plotattributes, true)
-  updateLimsAndTicks(plt, plotattributes, false)
-end
-
-function _update_plot_pos_size(plt::AbstractPlot{QwtBackend}, plotattributes::KW)
-  haskey(plotattributes, :size) && Qwt.resizewidget(plt.o, plotattributes[:size]...)
-  haskey(plotattributes, :pos) && Qwt.movewidget(plt.o, plotattributes[:pos]...)
-end
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-        # curve.setPen(Qt.QPen(Qt.QColor(color), linewidth, self.getLineStyle(linestyle)))
-function addLineMarker(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, plotattributes::KW)
-  for yi in plotattributes[:y]
-    marker = Qwt.QWT.QwtPlotMarker()
-    ishorizontal = (plotattributes[:seriestype] == :hline)
-    marker[:setLineStyle](ishorizontal ? 1 : 2)
-    marker[ishorizontal ? :setYValue : :setXValue](yi)
-    qcolor = Qwt.convertRGBToQColor(getColor(plotattributes[:linecolor]))
-    linestyle = plt.o.widget[:getLineStyle](string(plotattributes[:linestyle]))
-    marker[:setLinePen](Qwt.QT.QPen(qcolor, plotattributes[:linewidth], linestyle))
-    marker[:attach](plt.o.widget)
-  end
-
-  # marker[:setValue](x, y)
-  # marker[:setLabel](Qwt.QWT.QwtText(val))
-  # marker[:attach](plt.o.widget)
-end
-
-function createQwtAnnotation(plt::Plot, x, y, val::PlotText)
-  marker = Qwt.QWT.QwtPlotMarker()
-  marker[:setValue](x, y)
-  qwttext = Qwt.QWT.QwtText(val.str)
-  qwttext[:setFont](Qwt.QT.QFont(val.font.family, val.font.pointsize))
-  qwttext[:setColor](Qwt.convertRGBToQColor(getColor(val.font.color)))
-  marker[:setLabel](qwttext)
-  marker[:attach](plt.o.widget)
-end
-
-function createQwtAnnotation(plt::Plot, x, y, val::AbstractString)
-  marker = Qwt.QWT.QwtPlotMarker()
-  marker[:setValue](x, y)
-  marker[:setLabel](Qwt.QWT.QwtText(val))
-  marker[:attach](plt.o.widget)
-end
-
-function _add_annotations(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, anns::AVec{Tuple{X,Y,V}}) where {X,Y,V}
-  for ann in anns
-    createQwtAnnotation(plt, ann...)
-  end
-end
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-# accessors for x/y data
-
-function getxy(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, i::Int)
-  series = plt.o.lines[i]
-  series.x, series.y
-end
-
-function setxy!(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, xy::Tuple{X,Y}, i::Integer) where {X,Y}
-  series = plt.o.lines[i]
-  series.x, series.y = xy
-  plt
-end
-
-
-# -------------------------------
-
-# -------------------------------
-
-# # create the underlying object (each backend will do this differently)
-# function _create_subplot(subplt::Subplot{QwtBackend}, isbefore::Bool)
-#   isbefore && return false
-#   i = 0
-#   rows = Any[]
-#   row = Any[]
-#   for (i,(r,c)) in enumerate(subplt.layout)
-#     push!(row, subplt.plts[i].o)
-#     if c == ncols(subplt.layout, r)
-#       push!(rows, Qwt.hsplitter(row...))
-#       row = Any[]
-#     end
-#   end
-#   # for rowcnt in subplt.layout.rowcounts
-#   #   push!(rows, Qwt.hsplitter([plt.o for plt in subplt.plts[(1:rowcnt) + i]]...))
-#   #   i += rowcnt
-#   # end
-#   subplt.o = Qwt.vsplitter(rows...)
-#   # Qwt.resizewidget(subplt.o, getattr(subplt,1)[:size]...)
-#   # Qwt.moveToLastScreen(subplt.o)  # hack so it goes to my center monitor... sorry
-#   true
-# end
-
-function _expand_limits(lims, plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, isx::Bool)
-  for series in plt.o.lines
-    _expand_limits(lims, isx ? series.x : series.y)
-  end
-end
-
-
-function _remove_axis(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, isx::Bool)
-end
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-function Base.show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::Plot{QwtBackend})
-  Qwt.refresh(plt.o)
-  Qwt.savepng(plt.o, "/tmp/dfskjdhfkh.png")
-  write(io, readall("/tmp/dfskjdhfkh.png"))
-end
-
-# function Base.show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", subplt::Subplot{QwtBackend})
-#   for plt in subplt.plts
-#     Qwt.refresh(plt.o)
-#   end
-#   Qwt.savepng(subplt.o, "/tmp/dfskjdhfkh.png")
-#   write(io, readall("/tmp/dfskjdhfkh.png"))
-# end
-
-
-function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, plt::Plot{QwtBackend})
-  Qwt.refresh(plt.o)
-  Qwt.showwidget(plt.o)
-end
-
-# function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, subplt::Subplot{QwtBackend})
-#   for plt in subplt.plts
-#     Qwt.refresh(plt.o)
-#   end
-#   Qwt.showwidget(subplt.o)
-# end
@@ -1,272 +0,0 @@
-
-# https://github.com/nolta/Winston.jl
-
-# credit goes to https://github.com/jverzani for contributing to the first draft of this backend implementation
-
-supported_attrs(::WinstonBackend) = merge_with_base_supported([
-    :annotations,
-    :linecolor,
-    :fillrange,
-    :fillcolor,
-    :label,
-    :legend,
-    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
-    :linestyle,
-    :linewidth,
-    :markershape,
-    :markercolor,
-    :markersize,
-    :bins,
-    :title,
-    :window_title,
-    :guide, :lims, :scale,
-  ])
-supported_types(::WinstonBackend) = [:path, :scatter, :bar]
-supported_styles(::WinstonBackend) = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
-supported_markers(::WinstonBackend) = [:none, :auto, :rect, :circle, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle, :cross, :xcross, :star5]
-supported_scales(::WinstonBackend) = [:identity, :log10]
-is_subplot_supported(::WinstonBackend) = false
-
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-function _initialize_backend(::WinstonBackend; kw...)
-  @eval begin
-    # ENV["WINSTON_OUTPUT"] = "gtk"
-    @warn("Winston is no longer supported... many features will likely be broken.")
-    import Winston, Gtk
-    export Winston, Gtk
-  end
-end
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-## dictionaries for conversion of Plots.jl names to Winston ones.
-const winston_linestyle =  KW(:solid=>"solid",
-                                :dash=>"dash",
-                                :dot=>"dotted",
-                                :dashdot=>"dotdashed"
-                               )
-
-const winston_marker = KW(:none=>".",
-                            :rect => "square",
-                            :circle=>"circle",
-                            :diamond=>"diamond",
-                            :utriangle=>"triangle",
-                            :dtriangle=>"down-triangle",
-                            :cross => "plus",
-                            :xcross => "cross",
-                            :star5 => "asterisk"
-                           )
-
-function _before_update(plt::Plot{WinstonBackend})
-  Winston.ghf(plt.o)
-end
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{WinstonBackend})
-    Winston.FramedPlot(
-        title = plt.attr[:title],
-        xlabel = plt.attr[:xguide],
-        ylabel = plt.attr[:yguide]
-    )
-end
-
-copy_remove(plotattributes::KW, s::Symbol) = delete!(copy(plotattributes), s)
-
-function addRegressionLineWinston(plotattributes::KW, wplt)
-  xs, ys = regressionXY(plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y])
-  Winston.add(wplt, Winston.Curve(xs, ys, kind="dotted"))
-end
-
-function getWinstonItems(plt::Plot)
-  if isa(plt.o, Winston.FramedPlot)
-    wplt = plt.o
-    window, canvas = nothing, nothing
-  else
-    window, canvas, wplt = plt.o
-  end
-  window, canvas, wplt
-end
-
-function _series_added(plt::Plot{WinstonBackend}, series::Series)
-    plotattributes = series.plotattributes
-  window, canvas, wplt = getWinstonItems(plt)
-
-  # until we call it normally, do the hack
-  if plotattributes[:seriestype] == :bar
-    plotattributes = barHack(;plotattributes...)
-  end
-
-
-  e = KW()
-  e[:color] = getColor(plotattributes[:linecolor])
-  e[:linewidth] = plotattributes[:linewidth]
-  e[:kind] = winston_linestyle[plotattributes[:linestyle]]
-  e[:symbolkind] = winston_marker[plotattributes[:markershape]]
-  # markercolor     # same choices as `color`, or :match will set the color to be the same as `color`
-  e[:symbolsize] = plotattributes[:markersize] / 5
-
-  # pos             # (Int,Int), move the enclosing window to this position
-  # screen          # Integer, move enclosing window to this screen number (for multiscreen desktops)
-
-
-
-  ## lintype :path, :step, :stepinverted, :sticks, :dots, :none, :histogram2d, :hexbin, :histogram, :bar
-  if plotattributes[:seriestype] == :none
-    Winston.add(wplt, Winston.Points(plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y]; copy_remove(e, :kind)..., color=getColor(plotattributes[:markercolor])))
-
-  elseif plotattributes[:seriestype] == :path
-    x, y = plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y]
-    Winston.add(wplt, Winston.Curve(x, y; e...))
-
-    fillrange = plotattributes[:fillrange]
-    if fillrange != nothing
-      if isa(fillrange, AbstractVector)
-        y2 = fillrange
-      else
-        y2 = Float64[fillrange for yi in y]
-      end
-      Winston.add(wplt, Winston.FillBetween(x, y, x, y2, fillcolor=getColor(plotattributes[:fillcolor])))
-    end
-
-  elseif plotattributes[:seriestype] == :scatter
-    if plotattributes[:markershape] == :none
-      plotattributes[:markershape] = :circle
-    end
-
-  # elseif plotattributes[:seriestype] == :step
-  #     fn = Winston.XXX
-
-  # elseif plotattributes[:seriestype] == :stepinverted
-  #     fn = Winston.XXX
-
-  elseif plotattributes[:seriestype] == :sticks
-      Winston.add(wplt, Winston.Stems(plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y]; e...))
-
-  # elseif plotattributes[:seriestype] == :dots
-  #     fn = Winston.XXX
-
-  # elseif plotattributes[:seriestype] == :histogram2d
-  #     fn = Winston.XXX
-
-  # elseif plotattributes[:seriestype] == :hexbin
-  #     fn = Winston.XXX
-
-  elseif plotattributes[:seriestype] == :histogram
-      hst = hist(plotattributes[:y], plotattributes[:bins])
-      Winston.add(wplt, Winston.Histogram(hst...; copy_remove(e, :bins)...))
-
-  # elseif plotattributes[:seriestype] == :bar
-  #     # fn = Winston.XXX
-
-  else
-    error("seriestype $(plotattributes[:seriestype]) not supported by Winston.")
-
-  end
-
-
-  # markershape
-  if plotattributes[:markershape] != :none
-    Winston.add(wplt, Winston.Points(plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y]; copy_remove(e, :kind)..., color=getColor(plotattributes[:markercolor])))
-  end
-
-
-  # optionally add a regression line
-  plotattributes[:smooth] && plotattributes[:seriestype] != :histogram && addRegressionLineWinston(plotattributes, wplt)
-
-  # push!(plt.seriesargs, plotattributes)
-  # plt
-end
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-const _winstonNames = KW(
-    :xlims => :xrange,
-    :ylims => :yrange,
-    :xscale => :xlog,
-    :yscale => :ylog,
-  )
-
-function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{WinstonBackend}, plotattributes::KW)
-  window, canvas, wplt = getWinstonItems(plt)
-  for k in (:xguide, :yguide, :title, :xlims, :ylims)
-    if haskey(plotattributes, k)
-      Winston.setattr(wplt, string(get(_winstonNames, k, k)), plotattributes[k])
-    end
-  end
-
-  for k in (:xscale, :yscale)
-    if haskey(plotattributes, k)
-      islogscale = plotattributes[k] == :log10
-      Winston.setattr(wplt, (k == :xscale ? :xlog : :ylog), islogscale)
-    end
-  end
-
-end
-
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-function createWinstonAnnotationObject(plt::Plot{WinstonBackend}, x, y, val::AbstractString)
-  Winston.text(x, y, val)
-end
-
-function _add_annotations(plt::Plot{WinstonBackend}, anns::AVec{Tuple{X,Y,V}}) where {X,Y,V}
-  for ann in anns
-    createWinstonAnnotationObject(plt, ann...)
-  end
-end
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-# function _create_subplot(subplt::Subplot{WinstonBackend}, isbefore::Bool)
-#   # TODO: build the underlying Subplot object.  this is where you might layout the panes within a GUI window, for example
-# end
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-function addWinstonLegend(plt::Plot, wplt)
-  if plt.attr[:legend] != :none
-    Winston.legend(wplt, [sd[:label] for sd in plt.seriesargs])
-  end
-end
-
-function Base.show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::AbstractPlot{WinstonBackend})
-  window, canvas, wplt = getWinstonItems(plt)
-  addWinstonLegend(plt, wplt)
-  show(io, "image/png", wplt)
-end
-
-
-function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, plt::Plot{WinstonBackend})
-
-  window, canvas, wplt = getWinstonItems(plt)
-
-  if window == nothing
-    if Winston.output_surface != :gtk
-      error("Gtk is the only supported display for Winston in Plots.  Set `output_surface = gtk` in src/Winston.ini")
-    end
-    # initialize window
-    w,h = plt.attr[:size]
-    canvas = Gtk.GtkCanvasLeaf()
-    window = Gtk.GtkWindowLeaf(canvas, plt.attr[:window_title], w, h)
-    plt.o = (window, canvas, wplt)
-  end
-
-  addWinstonLegend(plt, wplt)
-
-  Winston.display(canvas, wplt)
-  Gtk.showall(window)
-end
-
-
-# function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, subplt::Subplot{WinstonBackend})
-#   # TODO: display/show the Subplot object
-# end
@@ -1,415 +0,0 @@
-
-abstract type ColorScheme end
-
-Base.getindex(scheme::ColorScheme, i::Integer) = getColor(scheme, i)
-
-export
-    cgrad
-
-cgrad() = default_gradient()
-
-function cgrad(arg, values = nothing; alpha = nothing, scale = :identity)
-    colors = ColorGradient(arg, alpha=alpha).colors
-    values = if values != nothing
-        values
-    elseif scale in (:log, :log10)
-        log10(range(1, stop=10, length=30))
-    elseif scale == :log2
-        log2(range(1, stop=2, length=30))
-    elseif scale == :ln
-        log(range(1, stop=pi, length=30))
-    elseif scale in (:exp, :exp10)
-        (exp10(range(0, stop=1, length=30)) - 1) / 9
-    else
-        range(0, stop=1, length=length(colors))
-    end
-    ColorGradient(colors, values)
-end
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------
-
-getColor(scheme::ColorScheme) = getColor(scheme, 1)
-getColorVector(scheme::ColorScheme) = [getColor(scheme)]
-
-colorscheme(scheme::ColorScheme) = scheme
-colorscheme(s::AbstractString; kw...) = colorscheme(Symbol(s); kw...)
-colorscheme(s::Symbol; kw...) = haskey(_gradients, s) ? ColorGradient(s; kw...) : ColorWrapper(convertColor(s); kw...)
-colorscheme(s::Symbol, vals::AVec{T}; kw...) where {T<:Real} = ColorGradient(s, vals; kw...)
-colorscheme(cs::AVec, vs::AVec; kw...) = ColorGradient(cs, vs; kw...)
-colorscheme(cs::AVec{T}; kw...) where {T<:Colorant} = ColorGradient(cs; kw...)
-colorscheme(f::Function; kw...) = ColorFunction(f; kw...)
-colorscheme(v::AVec; kw...) = ColorVector(v; kw...)
-colorscheme(m::AMat; kw...) = size(m,1) == 1 ? map(c->colorscheme(c; kw...), m) : [colorscheme(m[:,i]; kw...) for i in 1:size(m,2)]'
-colorscheme(c::Colorant; kw...) = ColorWrapper(c; kw...)
-
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-convertColor(c::AbstractString) = parse(Colorant, c)
-convertColor(c::Symbol) = parse(Colorant, string(c))
-convertColor(c::Colorant) = c
-convertColor(cvec::AbstractVector) = map(convertColor, cvec)
-convertColor(c::ColorScheme) = c
-convertColor(v::Nothing) = RGBA(0,0,0,0)
-convertColor(b::Bool) = b ? RGBA(0,0,0,1) : RGBA(0,0,0,0)
-
-function convertColor(c, α::Real)
-  c = convertColor(c)
-  RGBA(RGB(getColor(c)), α)
-end
-convertColor(cs::AVec, α::Real) = map(c -> convertColor(c, α), cs)
-convertColor(c, α::Nothing) = convertColor(c)
-
-# backup... try to convert
-getColor(c) = convertColor(c)
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------
-
-function darken(c, v=0.1)
-    rgba = convert(RGBA, c)
-    r = max(0, min(rgba.r - v, 1))
-    g = max(0, min(rgba.g - v, 1))
-    b = max(0, min(rgba.b - v, 1))
-    RGBA(r,g,b,rgba.alpha)
-end
-function lighten(c, v=0.3)
-    darken(c, -v)
-end
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------
-
-const _rainbowColors = [colorant"purple", colorant"blue", colorant"green", colorant"orange", colorant"red"]
-const _testColors = [colorant"darkblue", colorant"blueviolet",  colorant"darkcyan",colorant"green",
-                     darken(colorant"yellow",0.3), colorant"orange", darken(colorant"red",0.2)]
-
-const _gradients = KW(
-    :blues        => [colorant"lightblue", colorant"darkblue"],
-    :reds         => [colorant"lightpink", colorant"darkred"],
-    :greens       => [colorant"lightgreen", colorant"darkgreen"],
-    :redsblues    => [colorant"darkred", RGB(0.8,0.85,0.8), colorant"darkblue"],
-    :bluesreds    => [colorant"darkblue", RGB(0.8,0.85,0.8), colorant"darkred"],
-    :heat         => [colorant"lightyellow", colorant"orange", colorant"darkred"],
-    :grays        => [RGB(.95,.95,.95),RGB(.05,.05,.05)],
-    :rainbow      => _rainbowColors,
-    :lightrainbow => map(lighten, _rainbowColors),
-    :darkrainbow  => map(darken, _rainbowColors),
-    :darktest     => _testColors,
-    :lighttest    => map(c -> lighten(c, 0.3), _testColors),
-  )
-
-function register_gradient_colors(name::Symbol, colors::AVec{C}) where C<:Colorant
-    _gradients[name] = colors
-end
-
-include("color_gradients.jl")
-
-default_gradient() = ColorGradient(:inferno)
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------
-
-"Continuous gradient between values.  Wraps a list of bounding colors and the values they represent."
-struct ColorGradient <: ColorScheme
-  colors::Vector
-  values::Vector
-
-  function ColorGradient(cs::AVec, vals::AVec{S} = range(0, stop=1, length=length(cs)); alpha = nothing) where S<:Real
-    if length(cs) == length(vals)
-      return new(convertColor(cs,alpha), collect(vals))
-    end
-
-    # # otherwise interpolate evenly between the minval and maxval
-    # minval, maxval = minimum(vals), maximum(vals)
-    # vs = Float64[interpolate(minval, maxval, w) for w in range(0, stop = 1, length = length(cs))]
-    # new(convertColor(cs,alpha), vs)
-
-    # interpolate the colors for each value
-    vals = merge(range(0, stop=1, length=length(cs)), vals)
-    grad = ColorGradient(cs)
-    cs = [getColorZ(grad, z) for z in range(0, stop=1, length=length(vals))]
-    new(convertColor(cs, alpha), vals)
-  end
-end
-
-
-
-Base.getindex(cs::ColorGradient, i::Integer) = getColor(cs, i)
-Base.getindex(cs::ColorGradient, z::Number) = getColorZ(cs, z)
-
-
-# create a gradient from a symbol (blues, reds, etc) and vector of boundary values
-function ColorGradient(s::Symbol, vals::AVec{T} = 0:0; kw...) where T<:Real
-  haskey(_gradients, s) || error("Invalid gradient symbol.  Choose from: ", sort(collect(keys(_gradients))))
-  cs = _gradients[s]
-  if vals == 0:0
-    vals = range(0, stop=1, length=length(cs))
-  end
-  ColorGradient(cs, vals; kw...)
-end
-
-# function ColorGradient{T<:Real}(cs::AVec, vals::AVec{T} = range(0, stop = 1, length = length(cs)); kw...)
-#   ColorGradient(map(convertColor, cs), vals; kw...)
-# end
-
-function ColorGradient(grad::ColorGradient; alpha = nothing)
-  ColorGradient(convertColor(grad.colors, alpha), grad.values)
-end
-
-# anything else just gets the default gradient
-function ColorGradient(cw; alpha=nothing)
-    ColorGradient(default_gradient(), alpha=alpha)
-end
-
-getColor(gradient::ColorGradient, idx::Int) = gradient.colors[mod1(idx, length(gradient.colors))]
-
-function getColorZ(gradient::ColorGradient, z::Real)
-  cs = gradient.colors
-  vs = gradient.values
-  n = length(cs)
-  @assert n > 0 && n == length(vs)
-
-  # can we just return the first color?
-  if z <= vs[1] || n == 1
-    return cs[1]
-  end
-
-  # find the bounding colors and interpolate
-  for i in 2:n
-    if z <= vs[i]
-      return interpolate_rgb(cs[i-1], cs[i], (z - vs[i-1]) / (vs[i] - vs[i-1]))
-    end
-  end
-
-  # if we get here, return the last color
-  cs[end]
-end
-
-getColorVector(gradient::ColorGradient) = gradient.colors
-
-# for 0.3
-Colors.RGBA(c::Colorant) = RGBA(red(c), green(c), blue(c), alpha(c))
-Colors.RGB(c::Colorant) = RGB(red(c), green(c), blue(c))
-
-function interpolate_rgb(c1::Colorant, c2::Colorant, w::Real)
-  rgb1 = RGBA(c1)
-  rgb2 = RGBA(c2)
-  r = interpolate(rgb1.r, rgb2.r, w)
-  g = interpolate(rgb1.g, rgb2.g, w)
-  b = interpolate(rgb1.b, rgb2.b, w)
-  a = interpolate(rgb1.alpha, rgb2.alpha, w)
-  RGBA(r, g, b, a)
-end
-
-
-function interpolate(v1::Real, v2::Real, w::Real)
-  (1-w) * v1 + w * v2
-end
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------
-
-"Wraps a function, taking an index and returning a Colorant"
-struct ColorFunction <: ColorScheme
-  f::Function
-end
-
-getColor(scheme::ColorFunction, idx::Int) = scheme.f(idx)
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------
-
-"Wraps a function, taking an z-value and returning a Colorant"
-struct ColorZFunction <: ColorScheme
-  f::Function
-end
-
-getColorZ(scheme::ColorZFunction, z::Real) = scheme.f(z)
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------
-
-"Wraps a vector of colors... may be vector of Symbol/String/Colorant"
-struct ColorVector <: ColorScheme
-  v::Vector{Colorant}
-  ColorVector(v::AVec; alpha = nothing) = new(convertColor(v,alpha))
-end
-
-getColor(scheme::ColorVector, idx::Int) = convertColor(scheme.v[mod1(idx, length(scheme.v))])
-getColorVector(scheme::ColorVector) = scheme.v
-
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------
-
-"Wraps a single color"
-struct ColorWrapper <: ColorScheme
-  c::RGBA
-  ColorWrapper(c::Colorant; alpha = nothing) = new(convertColor(c, alpha))
-end
-
-ColorWrapper(s::Symbol; alpha = nothing) = ColorWrapper(convertColor(parse(Colorant, s), alpha))
-
-getColor(scheme::ColorWrapper, idx::Int) = scheme.c
-getColorZ(scheme::ColorWrapper, z::Real) = scheme.c
-convertColor(c::ColorWrapper, α::Nothing) = c.c
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-isbackgrounddark(bgcolor::Color) = Lab(bgcolor).l < 0.5
-
-# move closer to lighter/darker depending on background value
-function adjustAway(val, bgval, vmin=0., vmax=100.)
-  if bgval < 0.5 * (vmax+vmin)
-    tmp = max(val, bgval)
-    return 0.5 * (tmp + max(tmp, vmax))
-  else
-    tmp = min(val, bgval)
-    return 0.5 * (tmp + min(tmp, vmin))
-  end
-end
-
-# borrowed from http://stackoverflow.com/a/1855903:
-lightnessLevel(c::Colorant) = 0.299 * red(c) + 0.587 * green(c) + 0.114 * blue(c)
-
-isdark(c::Colorant) = lightnessLevel(c) < 0.5
-islight(c::Colorant) = !isdark(c)
-
-function convertHexToRGB(h::Unsigned)
-  mask = 0x0000FF
-  RGB([(x & mask) / 0xFF for x in  (h >> 16, h >> 8, h)]...)
-end
-
-# note: I found this list of hex values in a comment by Tatarize here: http://stackoverflow.com/a/12224359
-const _masterColorList = [
-    0xFFFFFF, 0x000000, 0x0000FF, 0x00FF00, 0xFF0000, 0x01FFFE, 0xFFA6FE, 0xFFDB66, 0x006401, 0x010067,
-    0x95003A, 0x007DB5, 0xFF00F6, 0xFFEEE8, 0x774D00, 0x90FB92, 0x0076FF, 0xD5FF00, 0xFF937E, 0x6A826C,
-    0xFF029D, 0xFE8900, 0x7A4782, 0x7E2DD2, 0x85A900, 0xFF0056, 0xA42400, 0x00AE7E, 0x683D3B, 0xBDC6FF,
-    0x263400, 0xBDD393, 0x00B917, 0x9E008E, 0x001544, 0xC28C9F, 0xFF74A3, 0x01D0FF, 0x004754, 0xE56FFE,
-    0x788231, 0x0E4CA1, 0x91D0CB, 0xBE9970, 0x968AE8, 0xBB8800, 0x43002C, 0xDEFF74, 0x00FFC6, 0xFFE502,
-    0x620E00, 0x008F9C, 0x98FF52, 0x7544B1, 0xB500FF, 0x00FF78, 0xFF6E41, 0x005F39, 0x6B6882, 0x5FAD4E,
-    0xA75740, 0xA5FFD2, 0xFFB167, 0x009BFF, 0xE85EBE
-  ]
-const _allColors = map(convertHexToRGB, _masterColorList)
-const _darkColors = filter(isdark, _allColors)
-const _lightColors = filter(islight, _allColors)
-const _sortedColorsForDarkBackground = vcat(_lightColors, reverse(_darkColors[2:end]))
-const _sortedColorsForLightBackground = vcat(_darkColors, reverse(_lightColors[2:end]))
-
-const _defaultNumColors = 17
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------
-
-# Methods to automatically generate gradients for color selection based on
-# background color and a short list of seed colors
-
-# here are some magic constants that could be changed if you really want
-const _lightness_darkbg = [80.0]
-const _lightness_lightbg = [60.0]
-const _lch_c_const = [60]
-
-function adjust_lch(color, l, c)
-    lch = convert(LCHab, color)
-    convert(RGB, LCHab(l, c, lch.h))
-end
-
-function lightness_from_background(bgcolor)
-  bglight = convert(LCHab, bgcolor).l
-  bglight < 50.0 ? _lightness_darkbg[1] : _lightness_lightbg[1]
-end
-
-function gradient_from_list(cs)
-    zvalues = Plots.get_zvalues(length(cs))
-    indices = sortperm(zvalues)
-    sorted_colors = map(RGBA, cs[indices])
-    sorted_zvalues = zvalues[indices]
-    ColorGradient(sorted_colors, sorted_zvalues)
-end
-
-function generate_colorgradient(bgcolor = colorant"white";
-                               color_bases = color_bases=[colorant"steelblue",colorant"orangered"],
-                               lightness = lightness_from_background(bgcolor),
-                               chroma = _lch_c_const[1],
-                               n = _defaultNumColors)
-  seed_colors = vcat(bgcolor, map(c -> adjust_lch(c, lightness, chroma), color_bases))
-  colors = distinguishable_colors(n,
-      seed_colors,
-      lchoices=Float64[lightness],
-      cchoices=Float64[chroma],
-      hchoices=range(0, stop=340, length=20)
-    )[2:end]
-  gradient_from_list(colors)
-end
-
-function get_color_palette(palette, bgcolor::Union{Colorant,ColorWrapper}, numcolors::Integer)
-  grad = if palette == :auto
-    generate_colorgradient(bgcolor)
-  else
-    ColorGradient(palette)
-  end
-  zrng = get_zvalues(numcolors)
-  RGBA[getColorZ(grad, z) for z in zrng]
-end
-
-function get_color_palette(palette::Vector{C},
-bgcolor::Union{Colorant,ColorWrapper}, numcolors::Integer) where C<:Colorant
-  palette
-end
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-function getpctrange(n::Int)
-    n > 0 || error()
-    n == 1 && return zeros(1)
-    zs = [0.0, 1.0]
-    for i in 3:n
-        sorted = sort(zs)
-        diffs = diff(sorted)
-        widestj = 0
-        widest = 0.0
-        for (j,d) in enumerate(diffs)
-            if d > widest
-                widest = d
-                widestj = j
-            end
-        end
-        push!(zs, sorted[widestj] + 0.5 * diffs[widestj])
-    end
-    zs
-end
-
-function get_zvalues(n::Int)
-    offsets = getpctrange(ceil(Int,n/4)+1)/4
-    offsets = vcat(offsets[1], offsets[3:end])
-    zvalues = Float64[]
-    for offset in offsets
-        append!(zvalues, offset + [0.0, 0.5, 0.25, 0.75])
-    end
-    vcat(zvalues[1], 1.0, zvalues[2:n-1])
-end
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-make255(x) = round(Int, 255 * x)
-
-function webcolor(c::Color)
-    @sprintf("rgb(%d, %d, %d)", [make255(f(c)) for f in [red,green,blue]]...)
-end
-function webcolor(c::TransparentColor)
-    @sprintf("rgba(%d, %d, %d, %1.3f)", [make255(f(c)) for f in [red,green,blue]]..., alpha(c))
-end
-webcolor(cs::ColorScheme) = webcolor(getColor(cs))
-webcolor(c) = webcolor(convertColor(c))
-webcolor(c, α) = webcolor(convertColor(getColor(c), α))
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-# converts a symbol or string into a colorant (Colors.RGB), and assigns a color automatically
-function getSeriesRGBColor(c, sp::Subplot, n::Int)
-
-  if c == :auto
-    c = autopick(sp[:color_palette], n)
-  end
-
-  # c should now be a subtype of ColorScheme
-  colorscheme(c)
-end
@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-
-
-# TODO:
-"""
- load Contours.jl similar to DataFrames
- method to build grid from x/y/z vectors
- method to wrap contours creation
- method to plot contours as custom shapes (TODO: create Stroke and Fill types and add markerstroke/markerfill args)
-
-"""
-
-
-
-# # ----------------------------------------------------------
-# # ----------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-# immutable Vertex
-#   x::Float64
-#   y::Float64
-#   z::Float64
-# end
-
-# immutable Edge
-#   v::Vertex
-#   u::Vertex
-# end
-
-# # ----------------------------------------------------------
-
-# # one rectangle's z-values and the center vertex
-# # z is ordered: topleft, topright, bottomright, bottomleft
-# immutable GridRect
-#   z::Vector{Float64}
-#   center::Vertex
-#   data::Vector{Vertex}
-# end
-
-
-
-# type Grid
-#   xs::Vector{Float64}
-#   ys::Vector{Float64}
-#   rects::Matrix{GridRect}
-# end
-
-# function splitDataEvenly(v::AbstractVector{Float64}, n::Int)
-#   vs = sort(v)
-  
-# end
-
-# # the goal here is to create the vertical and horizontal partitions
-# # which define the grid, so that the data is somewhat evenly split
-# function bucketData(x, y, z)
-
-# end
-
-
-# function buildGrid(x, y, z)
-#   # create 
-# end
-
-
@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-
-# create a new "build_series_args" which converts all inputs into xs = Any[xitems], ys = Any[yitems].
-# Special handling for: no args, xmin/xmax, parametric, dataframes
-# Then once inputs have been converted, build the series args, map functions, etc.
-# This should cut down on boilerplate code and allow more focused dispatch on type
-# note: returns meta information... mainly for use with automatic labeling from DataFrames for now
-
-const FuncOrFuncs = Union{Function, AVec{Function}}
-
-all3D(plotattributes::KW) = trueOrAllTrue(st -> st in (:contour, :contourf, :heatmap, :surface, :wireframe, :contour3d, :image), get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :none))
-
-# missing
-convertToAnyVector(v::Nothing, plotattributes::KW) = Any[nothing], nothing
-
-# fixed number of blank series
-convertToAnyVector(n::Integer, plotattributes::KW) = Any[zeros(0) for i in 1:n], nothing
-
-# numeric vector
-convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{T}, plotattributes::KW) where {T<:Number} = Any[v], nothing
-
-# string vector
-convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{T}, plotattributes::KW) where {T<:AbstractString} = Any[v], nothing
-
-function convertToAnyVector(v::AMat, plotattributes::KW)
-    if all3D(plotattributes)
-        Any[Surface(v)]
-    else
-        Any[v[:,i] for i in 1:size(v,2)]
-    end, nothing
-end
-
-# function
-convertToAnyVector(f::Function, plotattributes::KW) = Any[f], nothing
-
-# surface
-convertToAnyVector(s::Surface, plotattributes::KW) = Any[s], nothing
-
-# # vector of OHLC
-# convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{OHLC}, plotattributes::KW) = Any[v], nothing
-
-# dates
-convertToAnyVector(dts::AVec{D}, plotattributes::KW) where {D<:Union{Date,DateTime}} = Any[dts], nothing
-
-# list of things (maybe other vectors, functions, or something else)
-function convertToAnyVector(v::AVec, plotattributes::KW)
-    if all(x -> typeof(x) <: Number, v)
-        # all real numbers wrap the whole vector as one item
-        Any[convert(Vector{Float64}, v)], nothing
-    else
-        # something else... treat each element as an item
-        vcat(Any[convertToAnyVector(vi, plotattributes)[1] for vi in v]...), nothing
-        # Any[vi for vi in v], nothing
-    end
-end
-
-convertToAnyVector(t::Tuple, plotattributes::KW) = Any[t], nothing
-
-
-function convertToAnyVector(args...)
-    error("In convertToAnyVector, could not handle the argument types: $(map(typeof, args[1:end-1]))")
-end
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-# TODO: can we avoid the copy here?  one error that crops up is that mapping functions over the same array
-#       result in that array being shared.  push!, etc will add too many items to that array
-
-compute_x(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z)      = 1:size(z,1)
-compute_x(x::Nothing, y, z)            = 1:size(y,1)
-compute_x(x::Function, y, z)        = map(x, y)
-compute_x(x, y, z)                  = copy(x)
-
-# compute_y(x::Void, y::Function, z)  = error()
-compute_y(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z)      = 1:size(z,2)
-compute_y(x, y::Function, z)        = map(y, x)
-compute_y(x, y, z)                  = copy(y)
-
-compute_z(x, y, z::Function)        = map(z, x, y)
-compute_z(x, y, z::AbstractMatrix)  = Surface(z)
-compute_z(x, y, z::Nothing)            = nothing
-compute_z(x, y, z)                  = copy(z)
-
-nobigs(v::AVec{BigFloat}) = map(Float64, v)
-nobigs(v::AVec{BigInt}) = map(Int64, v)
-nobigs(v) = v
-
-@noinline function compute_xyz(x, y, z)
-    x = compute_x(x,y,z)
-    y = compute_y(x,y,z)
-    z = compute_z(x,y,z)
-    nobigs(x), nobigs(y), nobigs(z)
-end
-
-# not allowed
-compute_xyz(x::Nothing, y::FuncOrFuncs, z)       = error("If you want to plot the function `$y`, you need to define the x values!")
-compute_xyz(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z::FuncOrFuncs) = error("If you want to plot the function `$z`, you need to define x and y values!")
-compute_xyz(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z::Nothing)        = error("x/y/z are all nothing!")
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# ---------------------------------------------------------
+# A backup, if no PNG generation is defined, is to try to make a PDF and use FileIO to convert
+
+_fileio_load(@nospecialize(filename::AbstractString)) = FileIO.load(filename::AbstractString)
+_fileio_save(@nospecialize(filename::AbstractString), @nospecialize(x)) = FileIO.save(filename::AbstractString, x)
+
+function _show_pdfbackends(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::Plot)
+    fn = tempname()
+
+    # first save a pdf file
+    pdf(plt, fn)
+
+    # load that pdf into a FileIO Stream
+    s = _fileio_load(fn * ".pdf")
+
+    # save a png
+    pngfn = fn * ".png"
+    _fileio_save(pngfn, s)
+
+    # now write from the file
+    write(io, read(open(pngfn), String))
+end
+
+const PDFBackends = Union{PGFPlotsBackend,PlotlyJSBackend,PyPlotBackend,InspectDRBackend,GRBackend}
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+const use_local_dependencies = Ref(false)
+const use_local_plotlyjs = Ref(false)
+
+
+function _init_ijulia_plotting()
+    # IJulia is more stable with local file
+    use_local_plotlyjs[] = isfile(plotly_local_file_path)
+
+    ENV["MPLBACKEND"] = "Agg"
+end
+
+
+"""
+Add extra jupyter mimetypes to display_dict based on the plot backed.
+
+The default is nothing, except for plotly based backends, where it
+adds data for `application/vnd.plotly.v1+json` that is used in
+frontends like jupyterlab and nteract.
+"""
+_ijulia__extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot, out::Dict) = out
+
+function _ijulia__extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}, out::Dict)
+    out["application/vnd.plotly.v1+json"] = Dict(
+        :data => plotly_series(plt),
+        :layout => plotly_layout(plt)
+    )
+    out
+end
+
+function _ijulia__extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}, out::Dict)
+    out["application/vnd.plotly.v1+json"] = Dict(
+        :data => plotly_series(plt),
+        :layout => plotly_layout(plt)
+    )
+    out
+end
+
+
+function _ijulia_display_dict(plt::Plot)
+    output_type = Symbol(plt.attr[:html_output_format])
+    if output_type == :auto
+        output_type = get(_best_html_output_type, backend_name(plt.backend), :svg)
+    end
+    out = Dict()
+    if output_type == :txt
+        mime = "text/plain"
+        out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
+    elseif output_type == :png
+        mime = "image/png"
+        out[mime] = base64encode(show, MIME(mime), plt)
+    elseif output_type == :svg
+        mime = "image/svg+xml"
+        out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
+    elseif output_type == :html
+        mime = "text/html"
+        out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
+    else
+        error("Unsupported output type $output_type")
+    end
+    _ijulia__extra_mime_info!(plt, out)
+    out
+end
@@ -1,87 +1,101 @@
-function __init__()
+using REPL
+
+
+function _plots_defaults()
    if isdefined(Main, :PLOTS_DEFAULTS)
-        if haskey(Main.PLOTS_DEFAULTS, :theme)
-            theme(Main.PLOTS_DEFAULTS[:theme])
-        end
-        for (k,v) in Main.PLOTS_DEFAULTS
-            k == :theme || default(k, v)
-        end
+        Dict{Symbol,Any}(Main.PLOTS_DEFAULTS)
+    else
+        Dict{Symbol,Any}()
    end
-    pushdisplay(PlotsDisplay())
+end
+
+
+function __init__()
+    user_defaults = _plots_defaults()
+    if haskey(user_defaults, :theme)
+        theme(user_defaults[:theme])
+    end
+    for (k,v) in user_defaults
+        k == :theme || default(k, v)
+    end
+
+    insert!(Base.Multimedia.displays, findlast(x -> x isa Base.TextDisplay || x isa REPL.REPLDisplay, Base.Multimedia.displays) + 1, PlotsDisplay())

    atreplinit(i -> begin
-        if PlotDisplay() in Base.Multimedia.displays
+        while PlotsDisplay() in Base.Multimedia.displays
            popdisplay(PlotsDisplay())
        end
-        pushdisplay(PlotsDisplay())
+        insert!(Base.Multimedia.displays, findlast(x -> x isa REPL.REPLDisplay, Base.Multimedia.displays) + 1, PlotsDisplay())
    end)

-    include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "plotly.jl"))
-    include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "gr.jl"))
-    include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "web.jl"))
+    @require HDF5 = "f67ccb44-e63f-5c2f-98bd-6dc0ccc4ba2f" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "hdf5.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end

-    @require GLVisualize = "4086de5b-f4b6-55f3-abb0-b8c73827585f" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "glvisualize.jl"))
-    @require HDF5 = "f67ccb44-e63f-5c2f-98bd-6dc0ccc4ba2f" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "hdf5.jl"))
-    @require InspectDR = "d0351b0e-4b05-5898-87b3-e2a8edfddd1d" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "inspectdr.jl"))
-    @require PGFPlots = "3b7a836e-365b-5785-a47d-02c71176b4aa" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "pgfplots.jl"))
-    @require PlotlyJS = "f0f68f2c-4968-5e81-91da-67840de0976a" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "plotlyjs.jl"))
-    @require PyPlot = "d330b81b-6aea-500a-939a-2ce795aea3ee" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "pyplot.jl"))
-    @require UnicodePlots = "b8865327-cd53-5732-bb35-84acbb429228" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "unicodeplots.jl"))
+    @require InspectDR = "d0351b0e-4b05-5898-87b3-e2a8edfddd1d" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "inspectdr.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end

-    # ---------------------------------------------------------
-    # IJulia
-    # ---------------------------------------------------------
+    @require PGFPlots = "3b7a836e-365b-5785-a47d-02c71176b4aa" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "pgfplots.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end
+
+    @require ORCA = "47be7bcc-f1a6-5447-8b36-7eeeff7534fd" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "orca.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end
+
+    @require PGFPlotsX = "8314cec4-20b6-5062-9cdb-752b83310925" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "pgfplotsx.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end
+
+    @require PlotlyJS = "f0f68f2c-4968-5e81-91da-67840de0976a" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "plotlyjs.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end
+
+    @require PyPlot = "d330b81b-6aea-500a-939a-2ce795aea3ee" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "pyplot.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end
+
+    @require UnicodePlots = "b8865327-cd53-5732-bb35-84acbb429228" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "unicodeplots.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end

    @require IJulia = "7073ff75-c697-5162-941a-fcdaad2a7d2a" begin
        if IJulia.inited
+            _init_ijulia_plotting()

-            """
-            Add extra jupyter mimetypes to display_dict based on the plot backed.
-
-            The default is nothing, except for plotly based backends, where it
-            adds data for `application/vnd.plotly.v1+json` that is used in
-            frontends like jupyterlab and nteract.
-            """
-            _extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot, out::Dict) = out
-            function _extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}, out::Dict)
-                out["application/vnd.plotly.v1+json"] = JSON.lower(plt.o)
-                out
-            end
-
-            function _extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}, out::Dict)
-                out["application/vnd.plotly.v1+json"] = Dict(
-                    :data => plotly_series(plt),
-                    :layout => plotly_layout(plt)
-                )
-                out
-            end
-
-            function IJulia.display_dict(plt::Plot)
-                output_type = Symbol(plt.attr[:html_output_format])
-                if output_type == :auto
-                    output_type = get(_best_html_output_type, backend_name(plt.backend), :svg)
-                end
-                out = Dict()
-                if output_type == :txt
-                    mime = "text/plain"
-                    out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
-                elseif output_type == :png
-                    mime = "image/png"
-                    out[mime] = base64encode(show, MIME(mime), plt)
-                elseif output_type == :svg
-                    mime = "image/svg+xml"
-                    out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
-                elseif output_type == :html
-                    mime = "text/html"
-                    out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
-                else
-                    error("Unsupported output type $output_type")
-                end
-                _extra_mime_info!(plt, out)
-                out
-            end
-
-            ENV["MPLBACKEND"] = "Agg"
+            IJulia.display_dict(plt::Plot) = _ijulia_display_dict(plt)
        end
    end
+
+    if haskey(ENV, "PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL")
+        use_local_plotlyjs[] = ENV["PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL"] == "true"
+        use_local_dependencies[] = isfile(plotly_local_file_path) && use_local_plotlyjs[]
+        if use_local_plotlyjs[] && !isfile(plotly_local_file_path)
+            @warn("PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL is set to true, but no local plotly file found. run Pkg.build(\"Plots\") and make sure PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL is set to true")
+        end
+    else
+        use_local_dependencies[] = use_local_plotlyjs[]
+    end
+
+
+    @require FileIO = "5789e2e9-d7fb-5bc7-8068-2c6fae9b9549" begin
+        _show(io::IO, mime::MIME"image/png", plt::Plot{<:PDFBackends}) = _show_pdfbackends(io, mime, plt)
+    end
 end
@@ -107,11 +107,10 @@ function resolve_mixed(mix::MixedMeasures, sp::Subplot, letter::Symbol)
    if mix.len != 0mm
        f = (letter == :x ? width : height)
        totlen = f(plotarea(sp))
-        @show totlen
        pct += mix.len / totlen
    end
    if pct != 0
-        amin, amax = axis_limits(sp[Symbol(letter,:axis)])
+        amin, amax = axis_limits(sp, letter)
        xy += pct * (amax-amin)
    end
    xy
@@ -218,6 +217,7 @@ bottompad(layout::AbstractLayout) = 0mm
 # this is the parent of the top-level layout
 struct RootLayout <: AbstractLayout end

+Base.show(io::IO, layout::RootLayout) = Base.show_default(io, layout)
 Base.parent(::RootLayout) = nothing
 parent_bbox(::RootLayout) = defaultbox
 bbox(::RootLayout) = defaultbox
@@ -464,12 +464,12 @@ end
 # constructors

 # pass the layout arg through
-function layout_args(plotattributes::KW)
-    layout_args(get(plotattributes, :layout, default(:layout)))
+function layout_args(plotattributes::AKW)
+    layout_args(plotattributes[:layout])
 end

-function layout_args(plotattributes::KW, n_override::Integer)
-    layout, n = layout_args(get(plotattributes, :layout, n_override))
+function layout_args(plotattributes::AKW, n_override::Integer)
+    layout, n = layout_args(n_override, get(plotattributes, :layout, n_override))
    if n != n_override
        error("When doing layout, n ($n) != n_override ($(n_override)).  You're probably trying to force existing plots into a layout that doesn't fit them.")
    end
@@ -481,12 +481,27 @@ function layout_args(n::Integer)
    GridLayout(nr, nc), n
 end

-function layout_args(sztup::NTuple{2,I}) where I<:Integer
+function layout_args(sztup::NTuple{2, Integer})
    nr, nc = sztup
    GridLayout(nr, nc), nr*nc
 end

-function layout_args(sztup::NTuple{3,I}) where I<:Integer
+layout_args(n_override::Integer, n::Integer) = layout_args(n)
+layout_args(n, sztup::NTuple{2, Integer}) = layout_args(sztup)
+
+function layout_args(n, sztup::Tuple{Colon, Integer})
+    nc = sztup[2]
+    nr = ceil(Int, n / nc)
+    GridLayout(nr, nc), n
+end
+
+function layout_args(n, sztup::Tuple{Integer, Colon})
+    nr = sztup[1]
+    nc = ceil(Int, n / nr)
+    GridLayout(nr, nc), n
+end
+
+function layout_args(sztup::NTuple{3, Integer})
    n, nr, nc = sztup
    nr, nc = compute_gridsize(n, nr, nc)
    GridLayout(nr, nc), n
@@ -499,6 +514,8 @@ function layout_args(layout::GridLayout)
    layout, n
 end

+layout_args(n_override::Integer, layout::GridLayout) = layout_args(layout)
+
 layout_args(huh) = error("unhandled layout type $(typeof(huh)): $huh")


@@ -599,7 +616,7 @@ end
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # @layout macro

-function add_layout_pct!(kw::KW, v::Expr, idx::Integer, nidx::Integer)
+function add_layout_pct!(kw::AKW, v::Expr, idx::Integer, nidx::Integer)
    # dump(v)
    # something like {0.2w}?
    if v.head == :call && v.args[1] == :*
@@ -620,7 +637,7 @@ function add_layout_pct!(kw::KW, v::Expr, idx::Integer, nidx::Integer)
    error("Couldn't match layout curly (idx=$idx): $v")
 end

-function add_layout_pct!(kw::KW, v::Number, idx::Integer)
+function add_layout_pct!(kw::AKW, v::Number, idx::Integer)
    # kw[idx == 1 ? :w : :h] = v*pct
    idx == 1 && (kw[:w] = v*pct)
    (idx == 2 || nidx == 1) && (kw[:h] = v*pct)
@@ -55,13 +55,18 @@ tex(fn::AbstractString) = tex(current(), fn)
 function html(plt::Plot, fn::AbstractString)
    fn = addExtension(fn, "html")
    io = open(fn, "w")
-    _use_remote[] = true
    show(io, MIME("text/html"), plt)
-    _use_remote[] = false
    close(io)
 end
 html(fn::AbstractString) = html(current(), fn)

+function txt(plt::Plot, fn::AbstractString)
+  fn = addExtension(fn, "txt")
+  io = open(fn, "w")
+  show(io, MIME("text/plain"), plt)
+  close(io)
+end
+txt(fn::AbstractString) = txt(current(), fn)

 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

@@ -74,6 +79,8 @@ const _savemap = Dict(
    "eps" => eps,
    "tex" => tex,
    "html" => html,
+    "tikz" => tex,
+    "txt" => txt,
  )

 function getExtension(fn::AbstractString)
@@ -105,7 +112,7 @@ type is inferred from the file extension. All backends support png and pdf
 file types, some also support svg, ps, eps, html and tex.
 """
 function savefig(plt::Plot, fn::AbstractString)
-
+  fn = abspath(expanduser(fn))
  # get the extension
  local ext
  try
@@ -156,7 +163,6 @@ end
 const _best_html_output_type = KW(
    :pyplot => :png,
    :unicodeplots => :txt,
-    :glvisualize => :png,
    :plotlyjs => :html,
    :plotly => :html
 )
@@ -192,7 +198,7 @@ end
 # for writing to io streams... first prepare, then callback
 for mime in ("text/plain", "text/html", "image/png", "image/eps", "image/svg+xml",
             "application/eps", "application/pdf", "application/postscript",
-             "application/x-tex")
+             "application/x-tex", "application/vnd.plotly.v1+json")
    @eval function Base.show(io::IO, m::MIME{Symbol($mime)}, plt::Plot)
        if haskey(io, :juno_plotsize)
          showjuno(io, m, plt)
@@ -200,9 +206,12 @@ for mime in ("text/plain", "text/html", "image/png", "image/eps", "image/svg+xml
          prepare_output(plt)
          _show(io, m, plt)
        end
+        return nothing
    end
 end

+Base.show(io::IO, m::MIME"application/prs.juno.plotpane+html", plt::Plot) = showjuno(io, MIME("text/html"), plt)
+
 # default text/plain for all backends
 _show(io::IO, ::MIME{Symbol("text/plain")}, plt::Plot) = show(io, plt)

@@ -210,30 +219,6 @@ _show(io::IO, ::MIME{Symbol("text/plain")}, plt::Plot) = show(io, plt)
 closeall() = closeall(backend())


-# ---------------------------------------------------------
-# A backup, if no PNG generation is defined, is to try to make a PDF and use FileIO to convert
-
-const PDFBackends = Union{PGFPlotsBackend,PlotlyJSBackend,PyPlotBackend,InspectDRBackend,GRBackend}
-if is_installed("FileIO")
-    @eval import FileIO
-    function _show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::Plot{<:PDFBackends})
-        fn = tempname()
-
-        # first save a pdf file
-        pdf(plt, fn)
-
-        # load that pdf into a FileIO Stream
-        s = FileIO.load(fn * ".pdf")
-
-        # save a png
-        pngfn = fn * ".png"
-        FileIO.save(pngfn, s)
-
-        # now write from the file
-        write(io, read(open(pngfn), String))
-    end
-end
-
 # function html_output_format(fmt)
 #     if fmt == "png"
 #         @eval function Base.show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", plt::Plot)
@@ -255,21 +240,36 @@ end
 # Atom PlotPane
 # ---------------------------------------------------------
 function showjuno(io::IO, m, plt)
-    sz = plt[:size]
+    sz = collect(plt[:size])
    dpi = plt[:dpi]
    thickness_scaling = plt[:thickness_scaling]

    jsize = get(io, :juno_plotsize, [400, 500])
+    jratio = get(io, :juno_dpi_ratio, 1)

    scale = minimum(jsize[i] / sz[i] for i in 1:2)
-    plt[:size] = (s * scale for s in sz)
-    plt[:dpi] = Plots.DPI
+    plt[:size] = [s * scale for s in sz]
+    plt[:dpi] = jratio*Plots.DPI
    plt[:thickness_scaling] *= scale

    prepare_output(plt)
-    _show(io, m, plt)
-
-    plt[:size] = sz
-    plt[:dpi] = dpi
-    plt[:thickness_scaling] = thickness_scaling
+    try
+      _showjuno(io, m, plt)
+    finally
+      plt[:size] = sz
+      plt[:dpi] = dpi
+      plt[:thickness_scaling] = thickness_scaling
+    end
 end
+
+function _showjuno(io::IO, m::MIME"image/svg+xml", plt)
+  if Symbol(plt.attr[:html_output_format]) ≠ :svg
+    throw(MethodError(show, (typeof(m), typeof(plt))))
+  else
+    _show(io, m, plt)
+  end
+end
+
+Base.showable(::MIME"application/prs.juno.plotpane+html", plt::Plot) = false
+
+_showjuno(io::IO, m, plt) = _show(io, m, plt)
@@ -1,18 +1,26 @@
+function finalize_subplot!(plt::Plot, st, plotattributes::AKW)
+    sp = _prepare_subplot(plt, plotattributes)
+    _prepare_annotations(sp, plotattributes)
+    _expand_subplot_extrema(sp, plotattributes, st)
+    _update_series_attributes!(plotattributes, plt, sp)
+    _add_the_series(plt, sp, plotattributes)
+end

-
+# Override the RecipesPipeline `is_st_supported` for Plots.
+is_st_supported(::Plot, st::Symbol) = is_seriestype_supported(st)
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 # preprocessing

-function command_idx(kw_list::AVec{KW}, kw::KW)
+function series_idx(kw_list::AVec{KW}, kw::AKW)
    Int(kw[:series_plotindex]) - Int(kw_list[1][:series_plotindex]) + 1
 end

-function _expand_seriestype_array(plotattributes::KW, args)
+function _expand_seriestype_array(plotattributes::AKW, args)
    sts = get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :path)
    if typeof(sts) <: AbstractArray
-        delete!(plotattributes, :seriestype)
+        reset_kw!(plotattributes, :seriestype)
        rd = Vector{RecipeData}(undef, size(sts, 1))
-        for r in 1:size(sts, 1)
+        for r in axes(sts, 1)
            dc = copy(plotattributes)
            dc[:seriestype] = sts[r:r,:]
            rd[r] = RecipeData(dc, args)
@@ -23,7 +31,7 @@ function _expand_seriestype_array(plotattributes::KW, args)
    end
 end

-function _preprocess_args(plotattributes::KW, args, still_to_process::Vector{RecipeData})
+function _preprocess_args(plotattributes::AKW, args, still_to_process::Vector{RecipeData})
    # the grouping mechanism is a recipe on a GroupBy object
    # we simply add the GroupBy object to the front of the args list to allow
    # the recipe to be applied
@@ -42,9 +50,11 @@ function _preprocess_args(plotattributes::KW, args, still_to_process::Vector{Rec
        for (k,v) in plotattributes
            for defdict in (_subplot_defaults,
                            _axis_defaults,
-                            _axis_defaults_byletter)
+                            _axis_defaults_byletter[:x],
+                            _axis_defaults_byletter[:y],
+                            _axis_defaults_byletter[:z])
                if haskey(defdict, k)
-                    delete!(plotattributes, k)
+                    reset_kw!(plotattributes, k)
                end
            end
        end
@@ -57,39 +67,6 @@ end
 # user recipes


-function _process_userrecipes(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, args)
-    still_to_process = RecipeData[]
-    args = _preprocess_args(plotattributes, args, still_to_process)
-
-    # for plotting recipes, swap out the args and update the parameter dictionary
-    # we are keeping a stack of series that still need to be processed.
-    # each pass through the loop, we pop one off and apply the recipe.
-    # the recipe will return a list a Series objects... the ones that are
-    # finished (no more args) get added to the kw_list, the ones that are not
-    # are placed on top of the stack and are then processed further.
-    kw_list = KW[]
-    while !isempty(still_to_process)
-        # grab the first in line to be processed and either add it to the kw_list or
-        # pass it through apply_recipe to generate a list of RecipeData objects (data + attributes)
-        # for further processing.
-        next_series = popfirst!(still_to_process)
-        # recipedata should be of type RecipeData.  if it's not then the inputs must not have been fully processed by recipes
-        if !(typeof(next_series) <: RecipeData)
-            error("Inputs couldn't be processed... expected RecipeData but got: $next_series")
-        end
-        if isempty(next_series.args)
-            _process_userrecipe(plt, kw_list, next_series)
-        else
-            rd_list = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(next_series.plotattributes, next_series.args...)
-            prepend!(still_to_process,rd_list)
-        end
-    end
-
-    # don't allow something else to handle it
-    plotattributes[:smooth] = false
-    kw_list
-end
-
 function _process_userrecipe(plt::Plot, kw_list::Vector{KW}, recipedata::RecipeData)
    # when the arg tuple is empty, that means there's nothing left to recursively
    # process... finish up and add to the kw_list
@@ -108,7 +85,7 @@ function _process_userrecipe(plt::Plot, kw_list::Vector{KW}, recipedata::RecipeD
    return
 end

-function _preprocess_userrecipe(kw::KW)
+function _preprocess_userrecipe(kw::AKW)
    _add_markershape(kw)

    # if there was a grouping, filter the data here
@@ -126,17 +103,17 @@ function _preprocess_userrecipe(kw::KW)
    end

    # convert a ribbon into a fillrange
-    if get(kw, :ribbon, nothing) != nothing
+    if get(kw, :ribbon, nothing) !== nothing
        make_fillrange_from_ribbon(kw)
    end
    return
 end

-function _add_errorbar_kw(kw_list::Vector{KW}, kw::KW)
+function _add_errorbar_kw(kw_list::Vector{KW}, kw::AKW)
    # handle error bars by creating new recipedata data... these will have
    # the same recipedata index as the recipedata they are copied from
    for esym in (:xerror, :yerror)
-        if get(kw, esym, nothing) != nothing
+        if get(kw, esym, nothing) !== nothing
            # we make a copy of the KW and apply an errorbar recipe
            errkw = copy(kw)
            errkw[:seriestype] = esym
@@ -147,7 +124,7 @@ function _add_errorbar_kw(kw_list::Vector{KW}, kw::KW)
    end
 end

-function _add_smooth_kw(kw_list::Vector{KW}, kw::KW)
+function _add_smooth_kw(kw_list::Vector{KW}, kw::AKW)
    # handle smoothing by adding a new series
    if get(kw, :smooth, false)
        x, y = kw[:x], kw[:y]
@@ -166,44 +143,11 @@ function _add_smooth_kw(kw_list::Vector{KW}, kw::KW)
 end

 # ------------------------------------------------------------------
-# plot recipes
-
-# Grab the first in line to be processed and pass it through apply_recipe
-# to generate a list of RecipeData objects (data + attributes).
-# If we applied a "plot recipe" without error, then add the returned datalist's KWs,
-# otherwise we just add the original KW.
-function _process_plotrecipe(plt::Plot, kw::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW}, still_to_process::Vector{KW})
-    if !isa(get(kw, :seriestype, nothing), Symbol)
-        # seriestype was never set, or it's not a Symbol, so it can't be a plot recipe
-        push!(kw_list, kw)
-        return
-    end
-    try
-        st = kw[:seriestype]
-        st = kw[:seriestype] = get(_typeAliases, st, st)
-        datalist = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(kw, Val{st}, plt)
-        for data in datalist
-            preprocessArgs!(data.plotattributes)
-            if data.plotattributes[:seriestype] == st
-                error("Plot recipe $st returned the same seriestype: $(data.plotattributes)")
-            end
-            push!(still_to_process, data.plotattributes)
-        end
-    catch err
-        if isa(err, MethodError)
-            push!(kw_list, kw)
-        else
-            rethrow()
-        end
-    end
-    return
-end
-

 # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 # setup plot and subplot

-function _plot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
+function _plot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::AKW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
    # merge in anything meant for the Plot
    for kw in kw_list, (k,v) in kw
        haskey(_plot_defaults, k) && (plotattributes[k] = pop!(kw, k))
@@ -227,7 +171,7 @@ function _plot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})

    # handle inset subplots
    insets = plt[:inset_subplots]
-    if insets != nothing
+    if insets !== nothing
        if !(typeof(insets) <: AVec)
            insets = [insets]
        end
@@ -252,7 +196,7 @@ function _plot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
    plt[:inset_subplots] = nothing
 end

-function _subplot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
+function _subplot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::AKW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
    # we'll keep a map of subplot to an attribute override dict.
    # Subplot/Axis attributes set by a user/series recipe apply only to the
    # Subplot object which they belong to.
@@ -261,16 +205,16 @@ function _subplot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
    for kw in kw_list
        # get the Subplot object to which the series belongs.
        sps = get(kw, :subplot, :auto)
-        sp = get_subplot(plt, _cycle(sps == :auto ? plt.subplots : plt.subplots[sps], command_idx(kw_list,kw)))
+        sp = get_subplot(plt, _cycle(sps == :auto ? plt.subplots : plt.subplots[sps], series_idx(kw_list,kw)))
        kw[:subplot] = sp

        # extract subplot/axis attributes from kw and add to sp_attr
        attr = KW()
        for (k,v) in collect(kw)
-            if haskey(_subplot_defaults, k) || haskey(_axis_defaults_byletter, k)
+            if is_subplot_attr(k) || is_axis_attr(k)
                attr[k] = pop!(kw, k)
            end
-            if haskey(_axis_defaults, k)
+            if is_axis_attr_noletter(k)
                v = pop!(kw, k)
                for letter in (:x,:y,:z)
                    attr[Symbol(letter,k)] = v
@@ -303,7 +247,7 @@ end

 # getting ready to add the series... last update to subplot from anything
 # that might have been added during series recipes
-function _prepare_subplot(plt::Plot{T}, plotattributes::KW) where T
+function _prepare_subplot(plt::Plot{T}, plotattributes::AKW) where T
    st::Symbol = plotattributes[:seriestype]
    sp::Subplot{T} = plotattributes[:subplot]
    sp_idx = get_subplot_index(plt, sp)
@@ -327,7 +271,7 @@ end
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 # series types

-function _override_seriestype_check(plotattributes::KW, st::Symbol)
+function _override_seriestype_check(plotattributes::AKW, st::Symbol)
    # do we want to override the series type?
    if !is3d(st) && !(st in (:contour,:contour3d))
        z = plotattributes[:z]
@@ -339,7 +283,7 @@ function _override_seriestype_check(plotattributes::KW, st::Symbol)
    st
 end

-function _prepare_annotations(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
+function _prepare_annotations(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::AKW)
    # strip out series annotations (those which are based on series x/y coords)
    # and add them to the subplot attr
    sp_anns = annotations(sp[:annotations])
@@ -356,7 +300,7 @@ function _prepare_annotations(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
    # sp.attr[:annotations] = vcat(sp_anns, series_anns)
 end

-function _expand_subplot_extrema(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW, st::Symbol)
+function _expand_subplot_extrema(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::AKW, st::Symbol)
    # adjust extrema and discrete info
    if st == :image
        xmin, xmax = ignorenan_extrema(plotattributes[:x]); ymin, ymax = ignorenan_extrema(plotattributes[:y])
@@ -380,46 +324,3 @@ function _add_the_series(plt, sp, plotattributes)
    push!(sp.series_list, series)
    _series_added(plt, series)
 end
-
-# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-# this method recursively applies series recipes when the seriestype is not supported
-# natively by the backend
-function _process_seriesrecipe(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW)
-    # replace seriestype aliases
-    st = Symbol(plotattributes[:seriestype])
-    st = plotattributes[:seriestype] = get(_typeAliases, st, st)
-
-    # shapes shouldn't have fillrange set
-    if plotattributes[:seriestype] == :shape
-        plotattributes[:fillrange] = nothing
-    end
-
-    # if it's natively supported, finalize processing and pass along to the backend, otherwise recurse
-    if is_seriestype_supported(st)
-        sp = _prepare_subplot(plt, plotattributes)
-        _prepare_annotations(sp, plotattributes)
-        _expand_subplot_extrema(sp, plotattributes, st)
-        _update_series_attributes!(plotattributes, plt, sp)
-        _add_the_series(plt, sp, plotattributes)
-
-    else
-        # get a sub list of series for this seriestype
-        datalist = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes, Val{st}, plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y], plotattributes[:z])
-
-        # assuming there was no error, recursively apply the series recipes
-        for data in datalist
-            if isa(data, RecipeData)
-                preprocessArgs!(data.plotattributes)
-                if data.plotattributes[:seriestype] == st
-                    error("The seriestype didn't change in series recipe $st.  This will cause a StackOverflow.")
-                end
-                _process_seriesrecipe(plt, data.plotattributes)
-            else
-                @warn("Unhandled recipe: $(data)")
-                break
-            end
-        end
-    end
-    nothing
-end
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ mutable struct CurrentPlot
 end
 const CURRENT_PLOT = CurrentPlot(nothing)

-isplotnull() = CURRENT_PLOT.nullableplot == nothing
+isplotnull() = CURRENT_PLOT.nullableplot === nothing

 """
    current()
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ function plot(args...; kw...)
    # create an empty Plot then process
    plt = Plot()
    # plt.user_attr = plotattributes
-    _plot!(plt, plotattributes, args)
+    recipe_pipeline!(plt, plotattributes, args, type_aliases=_typeAliases)
 end

 # build a new plot from existing plots
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ function plot(plt1::Plot, plts_tail::Plot...; kw...)

    series_attr = KW()
    for (k,v) in plotattributes
-        if haskey(_series_defaults, k)
+        if is_series_attr(k)
            series_attr[k] = pop!(plotattributes,k)
        end
    end
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ function plot(plt1::Plot, plts_tail::Plot...; kw...)
        sp.attr[:subplot_index] = idx
        for series in serieslist
            merge!(series.plotattributes, series_attr)
-            _add_defaults!(series.plotattributes, plt, sp, cmdidx)
+            _slice_series_args!(series.plotattributes, plt, sp, cmdidx)
            push!(plt.series_list, series)
            _series_added(plt, series)
            cmdidx += 1
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ function plot!(plt::Plot, args...; kw...)
    plotattributes = KW(kw)
    preprocessArgs!(plotattributes)
    # merge!(plt.user_attr, plotattributes)
-    _plot!(plt, plotattributes, args)
+    recipe_pipeline!(plt, plotattributes, args, type_aliases=_typeAliases)
 end

 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -163,79 +163,41 @@ end
 # this is the core plotting function.  recursively apply recipes to build
 # a list of series KW dicts.
 # note: at entry, we only have those preprocessed args which were passed in... no default values yet
-function _plot!(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, args::Tuple)
+
+## here we implement the recipe interface
+function _recipe_init!(plt::Plot, plotattributes::AKW, args::Tuple)
    plotattributes[:plot_object] = plt

-    if !isempty(args) && !isdefined(Main, :StatPlots) &&
+    if !isempty(args) && !isdefined(Main, :StatsPlots) &&
            first(split(string(typeof(args[1])), ".")) == "DataFrames"
-        @warn("You're trying to plot a DataFrame, but this functionality is provided by StatPlots")
+        @warn("You're trying to plot a DataFrame, but this functionality is provided by StatsPlots")
    end
+end

-    # --------------------------------
-    # "USER RECIPES"
-    # --------------------------------
-
-    kw_list = _process_userrecipes(plt, plotattributes, args)
-
-    # @info(1)
-    # map(DD, kw_list)
-
-
-    # --------------------------------
-    # "PLOT RECIPES"
-    # --------------------------------
-
-    # "plot recipe", which acts like a series type, and is processed before
-    # the plot layout is created, which allows for setting layouts and other plot-wide attributes.
-    # we get inputs which have been fully processed by "user recipes" and "type recipes",
-    # so we can expect standard vectors, surfaces, etc.  No defaults have been set yet.
-    still_to_process = kw_list
-    kw_list = KW[]
-    while !isempty(still_to_process)
-        next_kw = popfirst!(still_to_process)
-        _process_plotrecipe(plt, next_kw, kw_list, still_to_process)
-    end
-
-    # @info(2)
-    # map(DD, kw_list)
-
+function _recipe_after_plot!(plt::Plot, plotattributes::AKW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
    # --------------------------------
    # Plot/Subplot/Layout setup
    # --------------------------------
    _plot_setup(plt, plotattributes, kw_list)
    _subplot_setup(plt, plotattributes, kw_list)
+end

-    # !!! note: At this point, kw_list is fully decomposed into individual series... one KW per series.          !!!
-    # !!!       The next step is to recursively apply series recipes until the backend supports that series type !!!
+function _recipe_after_user!(plt::Plot, plotattributes::AKW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
+    # don't allow something else to handle it
+    plotattributes[:smooth] = false
+end

-    # --------------------------------
-    # "SERIES RECIPES"
-    # --------------------------------
+function _recipe_before_series!(plt::Plot, kw, kw_list)
+    sp::Subplot = kw[:subplot]

-    # @info(3)
-    # map(DD, kw_list)
+    # in series attributes given as vector with one element per series,
+    # select the value for current series
+    _slice_series_args!(kw, plt, sp, series_idx(kw_list,kw))

-    for kw in kw_list
-        sp::Subplot = kw[:subplot]
-        # idx = get_subplot_index(plt, sp)
-
-        # # we update subplot args in case something like the color palatte is part of the recipe
-        # _update_subplot_args(plt, sp, kw, idx, true)
-
-        # set default values, select from attribute cycles, and generally set the final attributes
-        _add_defaults!(kw, plt, sp, command_idx(kw_list,kw))
-
-        # now we have a fully specified series, with colors chosen.   we must recursively handle
-        # series recipes, which dispatch on seriestype.  If a backend does not natively support a seriestype,
-        # we check for a recipe that will convert that series type into one made up of lower-level components.
-        # For example, a histogram is just a bar plot with binned data, a bar plot is really a filled step plot,
-        # and a step plot is really just a path.  So any backend that supports drawing a path will implicitly
-        # be able to support step, bar, and histogram plots (and any recipes that use those components).
-        _process_seriesrecipe(plt, kw)
-    end
-
-    # --------------------------------
+    series_attr = Attr(kw, _series_defaults)
+end

+function _recipe_finish!(plt::Plot, plotattributes::AKW, args::Tuple)
    current(plt)

    # do we want to force display?
@@ -247,7 +209,6 @@ function _plot!(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, args::Tuple)
    plt
 end

-
 # we're getting ready to display/output.  prep for layout calcs, then update
 # the plot object after
 function prepare_output(plt::Plot)
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ end
    plotattr([attr])

 Look up the properties of a Plots attribute, or specify an attribute type. Call `plotattr()` for options.
-The information is the same as that given on https://juliaplots.github.io/attributes/.
+The information is the same as that given on https://docs.juliaplots.org/latest/attributes/.
 """
 function plotattr()
    println("Specify an attribute type to get a list of supported attributes. Options are $(attrtypes())")
@@ -50,8 +50,13 @@ function plotattr(attrtype::Symbol, attribute::AbstractString)

    desc = get(_arg_desc, attribute, "")
    first_period_idx = findfirst(isequal('.'), desc)
-    typedesc = desc[1:first_period_idx-1]
-    desc = strip(desc[first_period_idx+1:end])
+    if isnothing(first_period_idx) 
+        typedesc = ""
+        desc = strip(desc)
+    else
+        typedesc = desc[1:first_period_idx-1]
+        desc = strip(desc[first_period_idx+1:end])
+    end
    als = keys(filter(x->x[2]==attribute, _keyAliases)) |> collect |> sort
    als = join(map(string,als), ", ")
    def = _attribute_defaults[attrtype][attribute]
@@ -1,3 +1,788 @@
 function _precompile_()
    ccall(:jl_generating_output, Cint, ()) == 1 || return nothing
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#@layout")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#@layout")), LineNumberNode, Module, Expr})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##_make_hist")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##_make_hist")), NamedTuple{(:normed, :weights), Tuple{Bool, Array{Int64, 1}}}, typeof(Plots._make_hist), Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}}, Symbol})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##_make_hist")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##_make_hist")), NamedTuple{(:normed, :weights), Tuple{Bool, Nothing}}, typeof(Plots._make_hist), Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}, Int64})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##_make_hist")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##_make_hist")), NamedTuple{(:normed, :weights), Tuple{Bool, Nothing}}, typeof(Plots._make_hist), Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}, Tuple{Int64, Int64}})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##_make_hist")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##_make_hist")), NamedTuple{(:normed, :weights), Tuple{Bool, Nothing}}, typeof(Plots._make_hist), Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}}, Symbol})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:flip,), Tuple{Bool}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:foreground_color_grid, :grid, :gridalpha, :gridstyle, :gridlinewidth), Tuple{ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}, Bool, Float64, Symbol, Int64}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:formatter,), Tuple{Symbol}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:grid, :lims), Tuple{Bool, Tuple{Int64, Int64}}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:grid, :lims, :flip), Tuple{Bool, Tuple{Int64, Int64}, Bool}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:grid, :ticks), Tuple{Bool, Nothing}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:grid,), Tuple{Bool}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:grid,), Tuple{Bool}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:guide,), Tuple{String}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:lims, :flip, :ticks, :guide), Tuple{Tuple{Int64, Int64}, Bool, Base.StepRange{Int64, Int64}, String}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:lims,), Tuple{Tuple{Int64, Float64}}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:lims,), Tuple{Tuple{Int64, Int64}}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:lims,), Tuple{Tuple{Int64, Int64}}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:rotation,), Tuple{Int64}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:scale, :guide), Tuple{Symbol, String}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:ticks,), Tuple{Base.UnitRange{Int64}}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##attr!")), NamedTuple{(:ticks,), Tuple{Nothing}}, typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##contour")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##contour")), NamedTuple{(:fill,), Tuple{Bool}}, typeof(Plots.contour), Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Int})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##gr_polyline")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##gr_polyline")), NamedTuple{(:arrowside, :arrowstyle), Tuple{Symbol, Symbol}}, typeof(Plots.gr_polyline), Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##gr_polyline")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##gr_polyline")), NamedTuple{(:arrowside, :arrowstyle), Tuple{Symbol, Symbol}}, typeof(Plots.gr_polyline), Array{Int64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##gr_polyline")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##gr_polyline")), NamedTuple{(:arrowside, :arrowstyle), Tuple{Symbol, Symbol}}, typeof(Plots.gr_polyline), Base.UnitRange{Int64}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##gr_set_font")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##gr_set_font")), NamedTuple{(:halign, :valign, :rotation), Tuple{Symbol, Symbol, Int64}}, typeof(Plots.gr_set_font), Plots.Font})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##heatmap")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##heatmap")), NamedTuple{(:aspect_ratio,), Tuple{Int64}}, typeof(Plots.heatmap), Array{String, 1}, Int})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##histogram")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##histogram")), NamedTuple{(:bins, :weights), Tuple{Symbol, Array{Int64, 1}}}, typeof(Plots.histogram), Array{Float64, 1}})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##histogram2d")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##histogram2d")), NamedTuple{(:nbins, :show_empty_bins, :normed, :aspect_ratio), Tuple{Tuple{Int64, Int64}, Bool, Bool, Int64}}, typeof(Plots.histogram2d), Array{Base.Complex{Float64}, 1}})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##histogram2d")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##histogram2d")), NamedTuple{(:nbins,), Tuple{Int64}}, typeof(Plots.histogram2d), Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##hline!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##hline!")), NamedTuple{(:line,), Tuple{Tuple{Int64, Symbol, Float64, Array{Symbol, 2}}}}, typeof(Plots.hline!), Array{Float64, 2}})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##pie")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##pie")), NamedTuple{(:title, :l), Tuple{String, Float64}}, typeof(Plots.pie), Array{String, 1}, Int})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##portfoliocomposition")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##portfoliocomposition")), NamedTuple{(:labels,), Tuple{Array{String, 2}}}, typeof(Plots.portfoliocomposition), Array{Float64, 2}, Int})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##scatter!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##scatter!")), NamedTuple{(:marker, :series_annotations), Tuple{Tuple{Int64, Float64, Symbol}, Array{Any, 1}}}, typeof(Plots.scatter!), Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Int})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##scatter!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##scatter!")), NamedTuple{(:markersize, :c), Tuple{Int64, Symbol}}, typeof(Plots.scatter!), Array{Float64, 1}})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##scatter!")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##scatter!")), NamedTuple{(:zcolor, :m, :ms, :lab), Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Tuple{Symbol, Float64, Plots.Stroke}, Array{Float64, 1}, String}}, typeof(Plots.scatter!), Array{Float64, 1}})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##scatter")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##scatter")), NamedTuple{(:framestyle, :title, :color, :layout, :label, :markerstrokewidth, :ticks), Tuple{Array{Symbol, 2}, Array{String, 2}, Base.ReshapedArray{Int64, 2, Base.UnitRange{Int64}, Tuple{}}, Int64, String, Int64, Base.UnitRange{Int64}}}, typeof(Plots.scatter), Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}, Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##scatter")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##scatter")), NamedTuple{(:m, :lab, :bg, :xlim, :ylim), Tuple{Tuple{Int64, Symbol}, Array{String, 2}, Symbol, Tuple{Int64, Int64}, Tuple{Int64, Int64}}}, typeof(Plots.scatter), Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Int})
+    isdefined(Plots, Symbol("#kw##test_examples")) && precompile(Tuple{getfield(Plots, Symbol("#kw##test_examples")), NamedTuple{(:disp,), Tuple{Bool}}, typeof(Plots.test_examples), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.__init__)})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._add_errorbar_kw), Array{Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, 1}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._add_errorbar_kw), Array{Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, 1}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._add_markershape), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._add_markershape), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._add_smooth_kw), Array{Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, 1}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._add_smooth_kw), Array{Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, 1}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._add_the_series), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._add_the_series), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._apply_type_recipe), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._apply_type_recipe), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Array{T, 1} where T, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._apply_type_recipe), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Function, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._apply_type_recipe), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{String, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._apply_type_recipe), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Union{Base.Missing, Int64}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._apply_type_recipe), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, typeof(identity)})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._backend_instance), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._backend_instance), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._bin_centers), Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._binbarlike_baseline), Float64, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cbar_unique), Array{Nothing, 1}, String})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cbar_unique), Array{PlotUtils.ColorGradient, 1}, String})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._create_backend_figure), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cycle), Array{Any, 1}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cycle), Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Int64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cycle), Array{Float64, 1}, Base.UnitRange{Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cycle), Array{Float64, 1}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cycle), Array{Plots.Subplot{T} where T<:RecipesBase.AbstractBackend, 1}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cycle), Array{String, 1}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cycle), Base.OneTo{Int64}, Array{Int64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cycle), Base.StepRange{Int64, Int64}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cycle), ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cycle), Float64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cycle), Int64, Base.StepRange{Int64, Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cycle), Int64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cycle), Nothing, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cycle), Plots.Shape, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._cycle), Symbol, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._display), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._display), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._do_plot_show), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._do_plot_show), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}, Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Array{T, 1} where T, 1}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Array{T, 1} where T, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Base.Complex{Float64}, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Base.UnitRange{Int64}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Function, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Function, 1}, Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Int64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Plots.OHLC{T} where T<:Real, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{String, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{String, 1}, Array{String, 1}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Union{Base.Missing, Int64}, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRange{Int64, Int64}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.UnitRange{Int64}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}, Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Array{T, 1} where T, 1}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Array{T, 1} where T, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Base.Complex{Float64}, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Base.UnitRange{Int64}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Function, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Function, 1}, Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Int64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Plots.OHLC{T} where T<:Real, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{String, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{String, 1}, Array{String, 1}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Array{Union{Base.Missing, Int64}, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Base.StepRange{Int64, Int64}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Base.UnitRange{Int64}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Plots.PortfolioComposition}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, Plots.Spy}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy, typeof(Base.log), Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.GroupBy}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.PortfolioComposition}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.Spy}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{typeof(Base.log), Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_seriestype_array), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_subplot_extrema), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._expand_subplot_extrema), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._filter_input_data!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._heatmap_edges), Array{Float64, 1}, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._hist_edge), Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}}, Int64, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._hist_edges), Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._hist_edges), Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}, Tuple{Int64, Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._hist_edges), Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._override_seriestype_check), Plots.Attr, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._pick_default_backend)})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._pick_default_backend)})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}, Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Array{T, 1} where T, 1}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Array{T, 1} where T, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Base.Complex{Float64}, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Base.UnitRange{Int64}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Function, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Function, 1}, Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Int64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Plots.OHLC{T} where T<:Real, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{String, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{String, 1}, Array{String, 1}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Union{Base.Missing, Int64}, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRange{Int64, Int64}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.UnitRange{Int64}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.PortfolioComposition}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.Spy}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{typeof(Base.log), Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot_setup), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plot_setup), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._plots_defaults)})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._prepare_annotations), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._prepare_annotations), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._prepare_subplot), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._prepare_subplot), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}, Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Array{T, 1} where T, 1}, Array{Float64, 2}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Array{T, 1} where T, 1}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Base.Complex{Float64}, 1}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Base.UnitRange{Int64}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 2}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 2}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Function, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Function, 1}, Int64}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Int64, 1}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Plots.OHLC{T} where T<:Real, 1}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{String, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{String, 1}, Array{String, 1}, Array{Float64, 2}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Union{Base.Missing, Int64}, 1}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 1}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 1}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 2}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 2}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRange{Int64, Int64}, Array{Float64, 2}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.UnitRange{Int64}}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.PortfolioComposition}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.Spy}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{typeof(Base.log), Int64}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{}, Array{RecipesBase.RecipeData, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_barlike), Plots.Attr, Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_barlike), Plots.Attr, Array{Int64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_barlike), Plots.Attr, Base.OneTo{Int64}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_binlike), Plots.Attr, Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_userrecipe), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._preprocess_userrecipe), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_plotrecipe), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, 1}, Array{Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_plotrecipe), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, 1}, Array{Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_seriesrecipe), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_seriesrecipe), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_seriesrecipe), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipe), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Array{Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, 1}, RecipesBase.RecipeData})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipe), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Array{Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, 1}, RecipesBase.RecipeData})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}, Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Array{T, 1} where T, 1}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Array{T, 1} where T, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Base.Complex{Float64}, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Base.UnitRange{Int64}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Function, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Function, 1}, Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Int64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Plots.OHLC{T} where T<:Real, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{String, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{String, 1}, Array{String, 1}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Array{Union{Base.Missing, Int64}, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.StepRange{Int64, Int64}, Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Base.UnitRange{Int64}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.PortfolioComposition}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Plots.Spy}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{typeof(Base.log), Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._process_userrecipes), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._replace_linewidth), Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._replace_linewidth), Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._replace_markershape), Array{Symbol, 2}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._replace_markershape), Plots.Shape})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._scale_adjusted_values), Type{Float64}, Array{Float64, 1}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._series_index), Plots.Attr, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._show), Base.IOStream, Base.Multimedia.MIME{Symbol("image/png")}, Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._slice_series_args!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._slice_series_args!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._subplot_setup), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._subplot_setup), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._transform_ticks), Base.StepRange{Int64, Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._transform_ticks), Base.UnitRange{Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._transform_ticks), Nothing})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._transform_ticks), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_axis), Plots.Axis, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_axis), Plots.Axis, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_axis), Plots.Axis, Plots.Attr, Symbol, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_axis), Plots.Axis, Plots.Attr, Symbol, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_axis), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_axis), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_axis), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr, Symbol, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_axis), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr, Symbol, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_axis_colors), Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_axis_colors), Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_axis_links), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Axis, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_axis_links), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Axis, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_clims), Float64, Float64, Float64, Float64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_clims), Float64, Float64, Int64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_min_padding!), Plots.GridLayout})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_min_padding!), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_min_padding!), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_plot_args), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_plot_args), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_plot_args), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_plot_args), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_series_attributes!), Plots.Attr, Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_series_attributes!), Plots.Attr, Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_series_attributes!), Plots.Attr, Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_subplot_args), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Int64, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_subplot_args), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Int64, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_subplot_args), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr, Int64, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_subplot_args), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr, Int64, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_subplot_colors), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_subplot_colors), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_subplot_periphery), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Array{Any, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots._update_subplot_periphery), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Array{Any, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.addExtension), String, String})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.add_layout_pct!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Expr, Int64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.add_layout_pct!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Expr, Int64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.aliasesAndAutopick), Plots.Attr, Symbol, Base.Dict{Symbol, Symbol}, Array{Symbol, 1}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.aliasesAndAutopick), Plots.Attr, Symbol, Base.Dict{Symbol, Symbol}, Array{Symbol, 1}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.all3D), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.all3D), Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.allAlphas), Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.allReals), Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.allStyles), Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.allStyles), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.annotate!), Array{Tuple{Int64, Float64, Plots.PlotText}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.annotations), Array{Any, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.arrow), Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.attr!), Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.attr), Plots.EmptyLayout, Symbol, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.attr), Plots.EmptyLayout, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.autopick), Array{ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}, 1}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.autopick_ignore_none_auto), Array{Symbol, 1}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.axis_drawing_info), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.axis_drawing_info_3d), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.axis_limits), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Symbol, Bool, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.axis_limits), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.backend), Plots.GRBackend})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.backend), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.backend), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.backend)})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.backend)})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.bar), Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.bbox!), Plots.GridLayout, Measures.BoundingBox{Tuple{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}}, Tuple{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.bbox!), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Measures.BoundingBox{Tuple{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}}, Tuple{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.bottom), Measures.BoundingBox{Tuple{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}}, Tuple{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.bottompad), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.build_layout), Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.build_layout), Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.build_layout), Plots.GridLayout, Int64, Array{Plots.Plot{T} where T<:RecipesBase.AbstractBackend, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.build_layout), Plots.GridLayout, Int64, Array{Plots.Plot{T} where T<:RecipesBase.AbstractBackend, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.build_layout), Plots.GridLayout, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.build_layout), Plots.GridLayout, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.calc_num_subplots), Plots.EmptyLayout})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.calc_num_subplots), Plots.GridLayout})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.color_or_nothing!), Plots.Attr, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.color_or_nothing!), Plots.Attr, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.colorbar_style), Plots.Series})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.compute_gridsize), Int64, Int64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.compute_xyz), Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.compute_xyz), Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Nothing})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.compute_xyz), Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Plots.Surface{Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.compute_xyz), Array{Float64, 1}, typeof(identity), Nothing})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.compute_xyz), Array{Float64, 1}, typeof(identity), Nothing})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.compute_xyz), Array{String, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Nothing})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.compute_xyz), Array{String, 1}, Array{String, 1}, Plots.Surface{Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.compute_xyz), Nothing, Array{Float64, 1}, Nothing})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.compute_xyz), Nothing, Array{Union{Base.Missing, Float64}, 1}, Nothing})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.compute_xyz), Nothing, Nothing, Nothing})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.contour), Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Int})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.contour_levels), Plots.Series, Tuple{Float64, Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.convertLegendValue), Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.convertLegendValue), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.convertToAnyVector), Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.convertToAnyVector), Array{Array{T, 1} where T, 1}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.convertToAnyVector), Array{Float64, 2}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.convertToAnyVector), Array{Function, 1}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.convertToAnyVector), Array{Function, 1}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.convertToAnyVector), Int64, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.convert_sci_unicode), String})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.convert_to_polar), Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Tuple{Int64, Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.create_grid), Expr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.create_grid), Expr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.create_grid), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.create_grid_curly), Expr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.create_grid_curly), Expr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.create_grid_vcat), Expr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.create_grid_vcat), Expr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.default), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.default_should_widen), Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.discrete_value!), Plots.Axis, Array{String, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.discrete_value!), Plots.Axis, Array{Union{Base.Missing, Float64}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.discrete_value!), Plots.Axis, Base.Missing})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.discrete_value!), Plots.Axis, Char})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.discrete_value!), Plots.Axis, String})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.ensure_gradient!), Plots.Attr, Symbol, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.ensure_gradient!), Plots.Attr, Symbol, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.ensure_gradient!), Plots.Attr, Symbol, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Array{Int64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Array{Int64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Base.OneTo{Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Base.OneTo{Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Base.UnitRange{Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Float64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Plots.Surface{Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Plots.Surface{Array{Float64, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Tuple{Float64, Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Axis, Tuple{Float64, Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.expand_extrema!), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.extendSeriesData), Array{Float64, 1}, Float64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.extractGroupArgs), Array{String, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.fakedata), Int64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.fakedata), Int64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.fg_color), Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.fg_color), Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.filter_data!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Int64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.filter_data), Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Int64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.filter_data), Base.OneTo{Int64}, Array{Int64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.filter_data), Nothing, Array{Int64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.font), Int64, Int})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.font), String, Int})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.font), Symbol, Int})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.frame), Plots.Animation, Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.frame), Plots.Animation})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_axis), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_axis), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_clims), Plots.Series})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_clims), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Series})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_clims), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_fillalpha), Plots.Series, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_fillalpha), Plots.Series})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_fillcolor), Plots.Series, Float64, Float64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_fillcolor), Plots.Series, Tuple{Float64, Float64}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_fillcolor), Plots.Series, Tuple{Float64, Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_linealpha), Plots.Series, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_linecolor), Plots.Series, Float64, Float64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_linecolor), Plots.Series, Tuple{Float64, Float64}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_linecolor), Plots.Series, Tuple{Float64, Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_linestyle), Plots.Series, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_linewidth), Plots.Series, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_markeralpha), Plots.Series, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_markercolor), Plots.Series, Float64, Float64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_markerstrokealpha), Plots.Series, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_markerstrokecolor), Plots.Series, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_minor_ticks), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Axis, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Any, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_minor_ticks), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Axis, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{String, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_series_color), ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Int64, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_series_color), Int64, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Int64, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_series_color), PlotUtils.ColorGradient, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Int64, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_series_color), Symbol, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Int64, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_series_color), Symbol, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Int64, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_subplot), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_ticks), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_ticks), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_xy), Array{Plots.OHLC{T} where T<:Real, 1}, Base.OneTo{Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.get_xy), Plots.OHLC{Float64}, Int64, Float64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.getxy), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_axis_height), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_axis_width), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_color), ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}, Type{ColorTypes.RGB{Float64}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_colorbar_colors), Plots.Series, Tuple{Float64, Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_contour_levels), Plots.Series, Tuple{Float64, Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_display), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, String})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_display), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, String})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_display), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_draw_colorbar), Plots.GRColorbar, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Tuple{Float64, Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_draw_marker), Float64, Float64, Int64, Plots.Shape})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_draw_marker), Float64, Float64, Int64, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_draw_marker), Int64, Float64, Float64, Plots.Shape})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_draw_marker), Int64, Float64, Float64, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_draw_marker), Int64, Float64, Int64, Plots.Shape})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_draw_marker), Int64, Float64, Int64, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_draw_markers), Plots.Series, Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Tuple{Float64, Float64}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_draw_markers), Plots.Series, Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Tuple{Float64, Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_draw_markers), Plots.Series, Array{Int64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Tuple{Float64, Float64}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_draw_markers), Plots.Series, Array{Int64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Tuple{Float64, Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_draw_markers), Plots.Series, Base.OneTo{Int64}, Array{Float64, 1}, Tuple{Float64, Float64}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_draw_markers), Plots.Series, Base.OneTo{Int64}, Array{Float64, 1}, Tuple{Float64, Float64}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_draw_markers), Plots.Series, Base.OneTo{Int64}, Array{Float64, 1}, Tuple{Float64, Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_draw_markers), Plots.Series, Float64, Float64, Tuple{Float64, Float64}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_fill_viewport), Array{Float64, 1}, ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_get_color), Plots.Series})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_get_ticks_size), Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Any, 1}}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_get_ticks_size), Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{String, 1}}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_inqtext), Int64, Int64, String})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_legend_pos), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Float64, Float64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_polaraxes), Int64, Float64, Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_polyline), Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, typeof(identity)})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_polyline), Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_fill), ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_fillcolor), ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_font), Plots.Font})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_font), Plots.Font})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_gradient), PlotUtils.ColorGradient})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_gradient), Plots.Series})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_line), Float64, Symbol, ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_line), Int64, Symbol, ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_line), Int64, Symbol, PlotUtils.ColorGradient})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_linecolor), PlotUtils.ColorGradient})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_markercolor), ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_textcolor), ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_transparency), ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}, Float64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_transparency), ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}, Nothing})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_viewport_cmap), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_viewport_polar)})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_xticks_font), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_xticks_font), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_yticks_font), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_set_yticks_font), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_text), Float64, Float64, String})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_text_size), String, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_text_size), String})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_update_colorbar!), Plots.GRColorbar, Plots.Series})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_viewport_from_bbox), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Measures.BoundingBox{Tuple{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}}, Tuple{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}}}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gr_w3tondc), Float64, Float64, Float64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.gui), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.guidefont), Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.guidefont), Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.handleColors!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Symbol, 2}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.handleColors!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Symbol, 2}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.handleColors!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Symbol, 2}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.handleColors!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.handleColors!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Plots.Shape, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.handleColors!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.handleColors!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.handleColors!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.has_attribute_segments), Plots.Series})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.hascolorbar), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.hasgrid), Symbol, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.heatmap_edges), Array{Float64, 1}, Symbol, Array{Float64, 1}, Symbol, Tuple{Int64, Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.heatmap_edges), Array{Float64, 1}, Symbol, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.heatmap_edges), Array{Float64, 1}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.heatmap_edges), Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Symbol, Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Symbol, Tuple{Int64, Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.heatmap_edges), Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Symbol, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.heatmap_edges), Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Symbol, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.heatmap_edges), Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.heatmap_edges), Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.ignorenan_extrema), Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.ignorenan_extrema), Array{Float64, 2}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.ignorenan_extrema), Base.StepRange{Int64, Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.ignorenan_extrema), Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.ignorenan_maximum), Base.OneTo{Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.ignorenan_minimum), Array{Int64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.ignorenan_minimum), Base.OneTo{Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.inline), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is3d), Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is3d), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is3d), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is_2tuple), Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is_2tuple), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is_axis_attr), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is_marker_supported), Plots.GRBackend, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is_marker_supported), Plots.Shape})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is_marker_supported), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is_marker_supported), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is_scale_supported), Plots.GRBackend, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is_seriestype_supported), Plots.GRBackend, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is_seriestype_supported), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is_seriestype_supported), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is_style_supported), Plots.GRBackend, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.is_uniformly_spaced), Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.iscontour), Plots.Series})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.isijulia)})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.ispolar), Plots.Series})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.ispolar), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.isvertical), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.isvertical), Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.isvertical), Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.iter_segments), Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.iter_segments), Array{Int64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.iter_segments), Base.OneTo{Int64}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.iter_segments), Base.UnitRange{Int64}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.iter_segments), Plots.Series})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.labelfunc), Symbol, Plots.GRBackend})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.layout_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.layout_args), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.layout_args), Int64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.layout_args), Int64, Plots.GridLayout})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.layout_args), Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.layout_args), Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.layout_args), Plots.GridLayout})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.leftpad), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.legendfont), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.legendtitlefont), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.like_histogram), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.like_surface), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.link_axes!), Array{RecipesBase.AbstractLayout, 1}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.link_axes!), Array{RecipesBase.AbstractLayout, 1}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.link_axes!), Plots.Axis, Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.link_axes!), Plots.Axis, Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.link_axes!), Plots.GridLayout, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.link_axes!), Plots.GridLayout, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.link_axes!), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.link_subplots), Array{RecipesBase.AbstractLayout, 1}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.locate_annotation), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Int64, Float64, Plots.PlotText})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.make_fillrange_from_ribbon), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.make_fillrange_side), Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.make_fillrange_side), Array{Float64, 1}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.make_steps), Array{Float64, 1}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.make_steps), Array{Int64, 1}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.make_steps), Base.OneTo{Int64}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.make_steps), Nothing, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.nanappend!), Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.nobigs), Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.ohlc), Array{Plots.OHLC{T} where T<:Real, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.optimal_ticks_and_labels), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Axis, Base.StepRange{Int64, Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.optimal_ticks_and_labels), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Axis, Base.UnitRange{Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.optimal_ticks_and_labels), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Axis, Nothing})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.optimal_ticks_and_labels), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Axis, Nothing})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.parse_axis_kw), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.pie_labels), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Plots.Series})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.plotarea!), Plots.GridLayout, Measures.BoundingBox{Tuple{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}}, Tuple{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.plotarea!), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Measures.BoundingBox{Tuple{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}}, Tuple{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.png), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, String})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.prepareSeriesData), Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.prepareSeriesData), Array{Float64, 2}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.prepareSeriesData), Array{Int32, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.prepareSeriesData), Array{Int64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.prepareSeriesData), Array{Union{Base.Missing, Int64}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.prepareSeriesData), Array{Union{Base.Missing, Number}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.prepareSeriesData), Array{Union{Base.Missing, Number}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.prepareSeriesData), Base.LinRange{Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.prepareSeriesData), Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.prepare_output), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.prepare_output), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.preprocessArgs!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.preprocessArgs!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.preprocessArgs!), Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.preprocessArgs!), Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processFillArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processFillArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Float64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processFillArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processFillArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processFillArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processFillArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processGridArg!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Bool, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processGridArg!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Float64, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processGridArg!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Int64, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processGridArg!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processGridArg!), Plots.Attr, Bool, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processLineArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Symbol, 2}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processLineArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Symbol, 2}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processLineArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Float64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processLineArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processLineArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processLineArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processMarkerArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Symbol, 2}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processMarkerArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Array{Symbol, 2}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processMarkerArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processMarkerArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processMarkerArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Float64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processMarkerArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Float64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processMarkerArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processMarkerArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processMarkerArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Plots.Shape})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processMarkerArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Plots.Stroke})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processMarkerArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.processMarkerArg), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.process_annotation), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Int64, Float64, Plots.PlotText, Plots.Font})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.process_annotation), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Int64, Float64, Plots.PlotText})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.process_axis_arg!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Base.StepRange{Int64, Int64}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.process_axis_arg!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, String, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.process_axis_arg!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.process_axis_arg!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Tuple{Int64, Int64}, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.process_fillrange), Int64, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.process_fillrange), Nothing, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.process_ribbon), Base.StepRangeLen{Float64, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}, Base.TwicePrecision{Float64}}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.process_ribbon), Int64, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.process_ribbon), Nothing, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.process_ribbon), Tuple{Base.LinRange{Float64}, Base.LinRange{Float64}}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.process_ribbon), typeof(identity), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.recompute_lengths), Array{Measures.Measure, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.replaceAlias!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol, Base.Dict{Symbol, Symbol}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.replaceAlias!), Plots.Attr, Symbol, Base.Dict{Symbol, Symbol}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.replaceAliases!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Symbol}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.replaceAliases!), Plots.Attr, Base.Dict{Symbol, Symbol}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.reset_axis_defaults_byletter!)})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.reset_extrema!), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.right), Measures.BoundingBox{Tuple{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}}, Tuple{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.rightpad), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.rowsize), Expr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.rowsize), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.series_annotations), Array{Any, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.series_annotations), Plots.SeriesAnnotations})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.series_annotations_shapes!), Plots.Series, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.series_idx), Array{Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, 1}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.setxy!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.shape_data), Plots.Series, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.should_add_to_legend), Plots.Series})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.showaxis), Symbol, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol, Int64, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Symbol, Int64, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Plots.Attr, Symbol, Int64, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg!), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}, Plots.Attr, Symbol, Int64, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg!), Plots.Attr, Plots.Attr, Symbol, Int64, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg!), Plots.Attr, Plots.Attr, Symbol, Int64, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), Array{ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}, 2}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), Array{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, 2}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), Array{String, 2}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), Array{Symbol, 2}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), Base.ReshapedArray{Int64, 2, Base.UnitRange{Int64}, Tuple{}}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), Base.StepRange{Int64, Int64}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), Base.UnitRange{Int64}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), Bool, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), Float64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), Int64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), Nothing, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), String, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), Symbol, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), Tuple{Int64, Float64}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.slice_arg), Tuple{Int64, Int64}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.splittable_kw), Symbol, Array{Int64, 1}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.splittable_kw), Symbol, Array{String, 1}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.splittable_kw), Symbol, Array{Symbol, 2}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.splittable_kw), Symbol, ColorTypes.RGB{Float64}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.splittable_kw), Symbol, Float64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.splittable_kw), Symbol, Int64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.splittable_kw), Symbol, Plots.GridLayout, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.splittable_kw), Symbol, Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.splittable_kw), Symbol, String, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.splittable_kw), Symbol, Symbol, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.straightline_data), Plots.Series, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.straightline_data), Tuple{Int64, Int64}, Tuple{Float64, Float64}, Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.stroke), Int64, Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.stroke), Int64, Int})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.supported_markers), Plots.GRBackend})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.supported_markers)})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.supported_styles), Plots.GRBackend})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.supported_styles)})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.text), String, Int64, Symbol, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.text), String, Symbol, Int64, Int})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.text), String, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.tickfont), Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.tickfont), Plots.Axis})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.title!), String})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.titlefont), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.titlefont), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.toppad), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.tovec), Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.transpose_z), Plots.Series, Array{Float64, 2}, Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.trueOrAllTrue), typeof(Plots.is3d), Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.trueOrAllTrue), typeof(identity), Array{Symbol, 2}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.unzip), Array{Tuple{Float64, Float64, Float64}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.update_child_bboxes!), Plots.GridLayout, Array{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.update_child_bboxes!), Plots.GridLayout, Array{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.update_child_bboxes!), Plots.GridLayout})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.update_child_bboxes!), Plots.GridLayout})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.update_child_bboxes!), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}, Array{Measures.Length{:mm, Float64}, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.update_inset_bboxes!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.update_inset_bboxes!), Plots.Plot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.vline!), Array{Int64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wand_edges), Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.warnOnUnsupported), Plots.GRBackend, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.warnOnUnsupported), Plots.GRBackend, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.warnOnUnsupported_args), Plots.GRBackend, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.warnOnUnsupported_args), Plots.GRBackend, Plots.Attr})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.warnOnUnsupported_scales), Plots.GRBackend, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.warnOnUnsupported_scales), Plots.GRBackend, Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.widen), Float64, Float64, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wrap_surfaces), Base.Dict{Symbol, Any}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Array{Any, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Array{Float64, 1}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Bool})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Float64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Int64})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Nothing})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Plots.SeriesAnnotations})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{Array{Float64, 1}, Array{Float64, 1}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{Array{Symbol, 2}, Int64, Float64, Plots.Stroke}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{Array{Symbol, 2}, Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{Float64, Array{Symbol, 2}, Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{Float64, Symbol}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{Int64, Array{Symbol, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{Int64, Float64, Symbol, Plots.Stroke}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{Int64, Float64, Symbol}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{Int64, Symbol, Float64, Array{Symbol, 2}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{Int64, Symbol, Symbol}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{Int64, Symbol}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{Plots.Shape, Int64, ColorTypes.RGBA{Float64}}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{String, Symbol}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{String, Tuple{Int64, Int64}, Base.StepRange{Int64, Int64}, Symbol}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{Symbol, Float64, Plots.Stroke}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{Symbol, Int64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{Symbol, Symbol, Symbol, Int64, Float64}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.wraptuple), Tuple{}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.xlims), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.yaxis!), String, Symbol})
+    precompile(Tuple{typeof(Plots.ylims), Plots.Subplot{Plots.GRBackend}})
 end
@@ -1,84 +1,16 @@

-
-# create a new "build_series_args" which converts all inputs into xs = Any[xitems], ys = Any[yitems].
-# Special handling for: no args, xmin/xmax, parametric, dataframes
-# Then once inputs have been converted, build the series args, map functions, etc.
-# This should cut down on boilerplate code and allow more focused dispatch on type
-# note: returns meta information... mainly for use with automatic labeling from DataFrames for now
-
-const FuncOrFuncs{F} = Union{F, Vector{F}, Matrix{F}}
-
-all3D(plotattributes::KW) = trueOrAllTrue(st -> st in (:contour, :contourf, :heatmap, :surface, :wireframe, :contour3d, :image, :plots_heatmap), get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :none))
-
-# unknown
-convertToAnyVector(x, plotattributes::KW) = error("No user recipe defined for $(typeof(x))")
-
-# missing
-convertToAnyVector(v::Nothing, plotattributes::KW) = Any[nothing], nothing
-
-# fixed number of blank series
-convertToAnyVector(n::Integer, plotattributes::KW) = Any[zeros(0) for i in 1:n], nothing
-
-# numeric vector
-convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{T}, plotattributes::KW) where {T<:Number} = Any[v], nothing
-
-# string vector
-convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{T}, plotattributes::KW) where {T<:AbstractString} = Any[v], nothing
-
-function convertToAnyVector(v::AMat, plotattributes::KW)
-    if all3D(plotattributes)
-        Any[Surface(v)]
-    else
-        Any[v[:,i] for i in 1:size(v,2)]
-    end, nothing
-end
-
-# function
-convertToAnyVector(f::Function, plotattributes::KW) = Any[f], nothing
-
-# surface
-convertToAnyVector(s::Surface, plotattributes::KW) = Any[s], nothing
-
-# volume
-convertToAnyVector(v::Volume, plotattributes::KW) = Any[v], nothing
-
-# # vector of OHLC
-# convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{OHLC}, plotattributes::KW) = Any[v], nothing
-
-# # dates
-convertToAnyVector(dts::AVec{D}, plotattributes::KW) where {D<:Union{Date,DateTime}} = Any[dts], nothing
-
-# list of things (maybe other vectors, functions, or something else)
-function convertToAnyVector(v::AVec, plotattributes::KW)
-    if all(x -> typeof(x) <: Number, v)
-        # all real numbers wrap the whole vector as one item
-        Any[convert(Vector{Float64}, v)], nothing
-    else
-        # something else... treat each element as an item
-        vcat(Any[convertToAnyVector(vi, plotattributes)[1] for vi in v]...), nothing
-        # Any[vi for vi in v], nothing
-    end
-end
-
-convertToAnyVector(t::Tuple, plotattributes::KW) = Any[t], nothing
-
-
-function convertToAnyVector(args...)
-    error("In convertToAnyVector, could not handle the argument types: $(map(typeof, args[1:end-1]))")
-end
-
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------

 # TODO: can we avoid the copy here?  one error that crops up is that mapping functions over the same array
 #       result in that array being shared.  push!, etc will add too many items to that array

-compute_x(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z)      = 1:size(z,1)
-compute_x(x::Nothing, y, z)            = 1:size(y,1)
+compute_x(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z)      = axes(z,1)
+compute_x(x::Nothing, y, z)            = axes(y,1)
 compute_x(x::Function, y, z)        = map(x, y)
 compute_x(x, y, z)                  = copy(x)

 # compute_y(x::Void, y::Function, z)  = error()
-compute_y(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z)      = 1:size(z,2)
+compute_y(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z)      = axes(z,2)
 compute_y(x, y::Function, z)        = map(y, x)
 compute_y(x, y, z)                  = copy(y)

@@ -108,77 +40,6 @@ compute_xyz(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z::Nothing)        = error("x/y/z are all no

 # we are going to build recipes to do the processing and splitting of the args

-# ensure we dispatch to the slicer
-struct SliceIt end
-
-# the catch-all recipes
-@recipe function f(::Type{SliceIt}, x, y, z)
-
-    # handle data with formatting attached
-    if typeof(x) <: Formatted
-        xformatter := x.formatter
-        x = x.data
-    end
-    if typeof(y) <: Formatted
-        yformatter := y.formatter
-        y = y.data
-    end
-    if typeof(z) <: Formatted
-        zformatter := z.formatter
-        z = z.data
-    end
-
-    xs, _ = convertToAnyVector(x, plotattributes)
-    ys, _ = convertToAnyVector(y, plotattributes)
-    zs, _ = convertToAnyVector(z, plotattributes)
-
-    fr = pop!(plotattributes, :fillrange, nothing)
-    fillranges, _ = if typeof(fr) <: Number
-        ([fr],nothing)
-    else
-        convertToAnyVector(fr, plotattributes)
-    end
-    mf = length(fillranges)
-
-    rib = pop!(plotattributes, :ribbon, nothing)
-    ribbons, _ = if typeof(rib) <: Number
-        ([fr],nothing)
-    else
-        convertToAnyVector(rib, plotattributes)
-    end
-    mr = length(ribbons)
-
-    # @show zs
-
-    mx = length(xs)
-    my = length(ys)
-    mz = length(zs)
-    if mx > 0 && my > 0 && mz > 0
-        for i in 1:max(mx, my, mz)
-            # add a new series
-            di = copy(plotattributes)
-            xi, yi, zi = xs[mod1(i,mx)], ys[mod1(i,my)], zs[mod1(i,mz)]
-            di[:x], di[:y], di[:z] = compute_xyz(xi, yi, zi)
-
-            # handle fillrange
-            fr = fillranges[mod1(i,mf)]
-            di[:fillrange] = isa(fr, Function) ? map(fr, di[:x]) : fr
-
-            # handle ribbons
-            rib = ribbons[mod1(i,mr)]
-            di[:ribbon] = isa(rib, Function) ? map(rib, di[:x]) : rib
-
-            push!(series_list, RecipeData(di, ()))
-        end
-    end
-    nothing  # don't add a series for the main block
-end
-
-# this is the default "type recipe"... just pass the object through
-@recipe f(::Type{T}, v::T) where {T<:Any} = v
-
-# this should catch unhandled "series recipes" and error with a nice message
-@recipe f(::Type{V}, x, y, z) where {V<:Val} = error("The backend must not support the series type $V, and there isn't a series recipe defined.")

 _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v) = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes, typeof(v), v)[1].args[1]

@@ -186,8 +47,9 @@ _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v) = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes,
 # This sort of recipe should return a pair of functions... one to convert to number,
 # and one to format tick values.
 function _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v::AbstractArray)
-    isempty(v) && return Float64[]
-    args = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes, typeof(v[1]), v[1])[1].args
+    isempty(skipmissing(v)) && return Float64[]
+    x = first(skipmissing(v))
+    args = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes, typeof(x), x)[1].args
    if length(args) == 2 && typeof(args[1]) <: Function && typeof(args[2]) <: Function
        numfunc, formatter = args
        Formatted(map(numfunc, v), formatter)
@@ -274,7 +136,7 @@ end
 # # --------------------------------------------------------------------

 # helper function to ensure relevant attributes are wrapped by Surface
-function wrap_surfaces(plotattributes::KW)
+function wrap_surfaces(plotattributes::AKW)
    if haskey(plotattributes, :fill_z)
        v = plotattributes[:fill_z]
        if !isa(v, Surface)
@@ -285,12 +147,13 @@ end

@recipe f(n::Integer) = is3d(get(plotattributes,:seriestype,:path)) ? (SliceIt, n, n, n) : (SliceIt, n, n, nothing)

+
 # return a surface if this is a 3d plot, otherwise let it be sliced up
-@recipe function f(mat::AMat{T}) where T<:Union{Integer,AbstractFloat}
+@recipe function f(mat::AMat{T}) where T<:Union{Integer,AbstractFloat,Missing}
    if all3D(plotattributes)
-        n,m = size(mat)
+        n,m = axes(mat)
        wrap_surfaces(plotattributes)
-        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Surface(mat)
+        SliceIt, m, n, Surface(mat)
    else
        SliceIt, nothing, mat, nothing
    end
@@ -300,53 +163,61 @@ end
@recipe function f(fmt::Formatted{T}) where T<:AbstractMatrix
    if all3D(plotattributes)
        mat = fmt.data
-        n,m = size(mat)
+        n,m = axes(mat)
        wrap_surfaces(plotattributes)
-        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Formatted(Surface(mat), fmt.formatter)
+        SliceIt, m, n, Formatted(Surface(mat), fmt.formatter)
    else
        SliceIt, nothing, fmt, nothing
    end
 end

 # assume this is a Volume, so construct one
-@recipe function f(vol::AbstractArray{T,3}, args...) where T<:Number
+@recipe function f(vol::AbstractArray{T,3}, args...) where T<:Union{Number,Missing}
    seriestype := :volume
    SliceIt, nothing, Volume(vol, args...), nothing
 end


 # # images - grays
+function clamp_greys!(mat::AMat{T}) where T<:Gray
+    for i in eachindex(mat)
+        mat[i].val < 0 && (mat[i] = Gray(0))
+        mat[i].val > 1 && (mat[i] = Gray(1))
+    end
+    mat
+end

@recipe function f(mat::AMat{T}) where T<:Gray
-    n, m = size(mat)
+    n, m = axes(mat)
    if is_seriestype_supported(:image)
        seriestype := :image
        yflip --> true
-        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Surface(mat)
+        SliceIt, m, n, Surface(clamp_greys!(mat))
    else
        seriestype := :heatmap
        yflip --> true
        cbar --> false
        fillcolor --> ColorGradient([:black, :white])
-        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Surface(convert(Matrix{Float64}, mat))
+        SliceIt, m, n, Surface(clamp!(convert(Matrix{Float64}, mat), 0., 1.))
    end
 end

 # # images - colors

@recipe function f(mat::AMat{T}) where T<:Colorant
-	n, m = size(mat)
+	n, m = axes(mat)

    if is_seriestype_supported(:image)
        seriestype := :image
        yflip --> true
-        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Surface(mat)
+        SliceIt, m, n, Surface(mat)
    else
        seriestype := :heatmap
        yflip --> true
        cbar --> false
+        aspect_ratio --> :equal
        z, plotattributes[:fillcolor] = replace_image_with_heatmap(mat)
-        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Surface(z)
+        SliceIt, m, n, Surface(z)
    end
 end

@@ -365,22 +236,29 @@ end

@recipe function f(shapes::AMat{Shape})
    seriestype --> :shape
-    for j in 1:size(shapes,2)
+    for j in axes(shapes,2)
        @series coords(vec(shapes[:,j]))
    end
 end

+# Dicts: each entry is a data point (x,y)=(key,value)

+@recipe f(d::AbstractDict) = collect(keys(d)), collect(values(d))

 # function without range... use the current range of the x-axis

@recipe function f(f::FuncOrFuncs{F}) where F<:Function
    plt = plotattributes[:plot_object]
-    xmin, xmax = try
-        axis_limits(plt[1][:xaxis])
-    catch
-        xm = tryrange(f, [-5,-1,0,0.01])
-        xm, tryrange(f, filter(x->x>xm, [5,1,0.99, 0, -0.01]))
+    xmin, xmax = if haskey(plotattributes, :xlims)
+        plotattributes[:xlims]
+    else
+        try
+            axis_limits(plt[1], :x)
+        catch
+            xinv = invscalefunc(get(plotattributes, :xscale, :identity))
+            xm = tryrange(f, xinv.([-5,-1,0,0.01]))
+            xm, tryrange(f, filter(x->x>xm, xinv.([5,1,0.99, 0, -0.01])))
+        end
    end

    f, xmin, xmax
@@ -510,16 +388,28 @@ end
 #
 # # special handling... xmin/xmax with parametric function(s)
@recipe function f(f::Function, xmin::Number, xmax::Number)
-    xs = adapted_grid(f, (xmin, xmax))
-    xs, f
+    xscale, yscale = [get(plotattributes, sym, :identity) for sym=(:xscale,:yscale)]
+    _scaled_adapted_grid(f, xscale, yscale, xmin, xmax)
 end
@recipe function f(fs::AbstractArray{F}, xmin::Number, xmax::Number) where F<:Function
-    xs = Any[adapted_grid(f, (xmin, xmax)) for f in fs]
-    xs, fs
+    xscale, yscale = [get(plotattributes, sym, :identity) for sym=(:xscale,:yscale)]
+    xs = Array{Any}(undef, length(fs))
+    ys = Array{Any}(undef, length(fs))
+    for (i, (x, y)) in enumerate(_scaled_adapted_grid(f, xscale, yscale, xmin, xmax) for f in fs)
+        xs[i] = x
+    	ys[i] = y
+    end
+    xs, ys
 end
@recipe f(fx::FuncOrFuncs{F}, fy::FuncOrFuncs{G}, u::AVec) where {F<:Function,G<:Function}  = mapFuncOrFuncs(fx, u), mapFuncOrFuncs(fy, u)
@recipe f(fx::FuncOrFuncs{F}, fy::FuncOrFuncs{G}, umin::Number, umax::Number, n = 200) where {F<:Function,G<:Function} = fx, fy, range(umin, stop = umax, length = n)

+function _scaled_adapted_grid(f, xscale, yscale, xmin, xmax)
+    (xf, xinv), (yf, yinv) =  ((scalefunc(s),invscalefunc(s)) for s in (xscale,yscale))
+    xs, ys = adapted_grid(yf∘f∘xinv, xf.((xmin, xmax)))
+    xinv.(xs), yinv.(ys)
+end
+
 #
 # # special handling... 3D parametric function(s)
@recipe function f(fx::FuncOrFuncs{F}, fy::FuncOrFuncs{G}, fz::FuncOrFuncs{H}, u::AVec) where {F<:Function,G<:Function,H<:Function}
@@ -532,36 +422,17 @@ end
 #
 #
 # # --------------------------------------------------------------------
-# # Lists of tuples and FixedSizeArrays
+# # Lists of tuples and GeometryTypes.Points
 # # --------------------------------------------------------------------
 #
-# # if we get an unhandled tuple, just splat it in
-@recipe f(tup::Tuple) = tup

-#
-# # (x,y) tuples
-@recipe f(xy::AVec{Tuple{R1,R2}}) where {R1<:Number,R2<:Number} = unzip(xy)
-@recipe f(xy::Tuple{R1,R2}) where {R1<:Number,R2<:Number}       = [xy[1]], [xy[2]]
+@recipe f(v::AVec{<:Tuple})               = unzip(v)
+@recipe f(v::AVec{<:GeometryTypes.Point}) = unzip(v)
+@recipe f(tup::Tuple)             = [tup]
+@recipe f(p::GeometryTypes.Point) = [p]

-#
-# # (x,y,z) tuples
-@recipe f(xyz::AVec{Tuple{R1,R2,R3}}) where {R1<:Number,R2<:Number,R3<:Number} = unzip(xyz)
-@recipe f(xyz::Tuple{R1,R2,R3}) where {R1<:Number,R2<:Number,R3<:Number}       = [xyz[1]], [xyz[2]], [xyz[3]]
-
-# these might be points+velocity, or OHLC or something else
-@recipe f(xyuv::AVec{Tuple{R1,R2,R3,R4}}) where {R1<:Number,R2<:Number,R3<:Number,R4<:Number} = get(plotattributes,:seriestype,:path)==:ohlc ? OHLC[OHLC(t...) for t in xyuv] : unzip(xyuv)
-@recipe f(xyuv::Tuple{R1,R2,R3,R4}) where {R1<:Number,R2<:Number,R3<:Number,R4<:Number}       = [xyuv[1]], [xyuv[2]], [xyuv[3]], [xyuv[4]]
-
-
-#
-# # 2D FixedSizeArrays
-@recipe f(xy::AVec{FixedSizeArrays.Vec{2,T}}) where {T<:Number} = unzip(xy)
-@recipe f(xy::FixedSizeArrays.Vec{2,T}) where {T<:Number}       = [xy[1]], [xy[2]]
-
-#
-# # 3D FixedSizeArrays
-@recipe f(xyz::AVec{FixedSizeArrays.Vec{3,T}}) where {T<:Number} = unzip(xyz)
-@recipe f(xyz::FixedSizeArrays.Vec{3,T}) where {T<:Number}       = [xyz[1]], [xyz[2]], [xyz[3]]
+# Special case for 4-tuples in :ohlc series
+@recipe f(xyuv::AVec{<:Tuple{R1,R2,R3,R4}}) where {R1,R2,R3,R4} = get(plotattributes,:seriestype,:path)==:ohlc ? OHLC[OHLC(t...) for t in xyuv] : unzip(xyuv)

 #
 # # --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -582,7 +453,7 @@ end
 # end

 splittable_kw(key, val, lengthGroup) = false
-splittable_kw(key, val::AbstractArray, lengthGroup) = (key != :group) && size(val,1) == lengthGroup
+splittable_kw(key, val::AbstractArray, lengthGroup) = !(key in (:group, :color_palette)) && length(axes(val,1)) == lengthGroup
 splittable_kw(key, val::Tuple, lengthGroup) = all(splittable_kw.(key, val, lengthGroup))
 splittable_kw(key, val::SeriesAnnotations, lengthGroup) = splittable_kw(key, val.strs, lengthGroup)

@@ -596,7 +467,7 @@ end
 function groupedvec2mat(x_ind, x, y::AbstractArray, groupby, def_val = y[1])
    y_mat = Array{promote_type(eltype(y), typeof(def_val))}(undef, length(keys(x_ind)), length(groupby.groupLabels))
    fill!(y_mat, def_val)
-    for i in 1:length(groupby.groupLabels)
+    for i in eachindex(groupby.groupLabels)
        xi = x[groupby.groupIds[i]]
        yi = y[groupby.groupIds[i]]
        y_mat[getindex.(Ref(x_ind), xi), i] = yi
@@ -629,7 +500,7 @@ group_as_matrix(t) = false
        if length(g.args) == 1
            x = zeros(Int, lengthGroup)
            for indexes in groupby.groupIds
-                x[indexes] = 1:length(indexes)
+                x[indexes] = eachindex(indexes)
            end
            last_args = g.args
        else
@@ -637,7 +508,7 @@ group_as_matrix(t) = false
            last_args = g.args[2:end]
        end
        x_u = unique(sort(x))
-        x_ind = Dict(zip(x_u, 1:length(x_u)))
+        x_ind = Dict(zip(x_u, eachindex(x_u)))
        for (key,val) in plotattributes
            if splittable_kw(key, val, lengthGroup)
                :($key) := groupedvec2mat(x_ind, x, val, groupby)
@@ -0,0 +1,455 @@
+"""
+    scatter(x,y)
+    scatter!(x,y)
+
+Make a scatter plot of y vs x.
+
+# Examples
+```julia-repl
+julia> scatter([1,2,3],[4,5,6],markersize=[3,4,5],markercolor=[:red,:green,:blue])
+julia> scatter([(1,4),(2,5),(3,6)])
+```
+"""
+@shorthands scatter
+
+"""
+    bar(x,y)
+    bar!(x,y)
+
+Make a bar plot of y vs x.
+
+# Arguments
+
+- $(_document_argument("bar_position"))
+- $(_document_argument("bar_width"))
+- $(_document_argument("bar_edges"))
+- $(_document_argument("orientation"))
+
+# Examples
+```julia-repl
+julia> bar([1,2,3],[4,5,6],fillcolor=[:red,:green,:blue],fillalpha=[0.2,0.4,0.6])
+julia> bar([(1,4),(2,5),(3,6)])
+```
+"""
+@shorthands bar
+
+@shorthands barh
+
+"""
+    histogram(x)
+    histogram!(x)
+
+Plot a histogram.
+
+# Arguments
+
+- `x`: AbstractVector of values to be binned
+- $(_document_argument("bins"))
+- `weights`: Vector of weights for the values in `x`, for weighted bin counts
+- $(_document_argument("normalize"))
+- $(_document_argument("bar_position"))
+- $(_document_argument("bar_width"))
+- $(_document_argument("bar_edges"))
+- $(_document_argument("orientation"))
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> histogram([1,2,1,1,4,3,8],bins=0:8)
+```
+"""
+@shorthands histogram
+
+"""
+    barhist(x)
+    barhist!(x)
+
+Make a histogram bar plot. See `histogram`.
+"""
+@shorthands barhist
+
+"""
+    stephist(x)
+    stephist(x)
+
+Make a histogram step plot (bin counts are represented using horizontal lines
+instead of bars). See `histogram`.
+"""
+@shorthands stephist
+
+"""
+    scatterhist(x)
+    scatterhist!(x)
+
+Make a histogram scatter plot (bin counts are represented using points
+instead of bars). See `histogram`.
+"""
+@shorthands scatterhist
+
+"""
+    histogram2d(x,y)
+    histogram2d!(x,y)
+
+Plot a two-dimensional histogram.
+
+# Arguments
+
+- `bins`: Number of bins (if an `Integer`) or bin edges (if an `AbtractVector`)
+- `weights`: Vector of weights for the values in `x`. Each entry of x contributes
+             its weight to the height of its bin.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> histogram2d(randn(10_000),randn(10_000))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands histogram2d
+
+"""
+    density(x)
+    density!(x)
+
+Make a line plot of a kernel density estimate of x.
+
+# Arguments
+
+- `x`: AbstractVector of samples for probability density estimation
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> using StatsPlots
+julia> density(randn(100_000))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands density
+
+"""
+    heatmap(x,y,z)
+    heatmap!(x,y,z)
+
+Plot a heatmap of the rectangular array `z`.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> heatmap(randn(10,10))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands heatmap
+@shorthands plots_heatmap
+
+"""
+    hexbin(x,y)
+    hexbin!(x,y)
+
+Make a hexagonal binning plot (a histogram of the observations `(x[i],y[i])`
+with hexagonal bins)
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> hexbin(randn(10_000), randn(10_000))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands hexbin
+
+"""
+    sticks(x,y)
+    sticks!(x,y)
+
+Draw a stick plot of y vs x.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> sticks(1:10)
+```
+"""
+@shorthands sticks
+
+"""
+    hline(y)
+    hline!(y)
+
+Draw horizontal lines at positions specified by the values in
+the AbstractVector `y`
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> hline([-1,0,2])
+```
+"""
+@shorthands hline
+
+"""
+    vline(x)
+    vline!(x)
+
+Draw vertical lines at positions specified by the values in
+the AbstractVector `x`
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> vline([-1,0,2])
+```
+"""
+@shorthands vline
+
+"""
+    hspan(y)
+
+Draw a rectangle between the horizontal line at position `y[1]`
+and the horizontal line at position `y[2]`. If `length(y) ≥ 4`,
+then further rectangles are drawn between `y[3]` and `y[4]`,
+`y[5]` and `y[6]`, and so on. If `length(y)` is odd, then the
+last entry of `y` is ignored.
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> hspan(1:6)
+```
+"""
+@shorthands hspan
+
+"""
+    vspan(x)
+
+Draw a rectangle between the vertical line at position `x[1]`
+and the vertical line at position `x[2]`. If `length(x) ≥ 4`,
+then further rectangles are drawn between `x[3]` and `x[4]`,
+`x[5]` and `x[6]`, and so on. If `length(x)` is odd, then the
+last entry of `x` is ignored.
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> vspan(1:6)
+```
+"""
+@shorthands vspan
+
+"""
+    ohlc(x,y::Vector{OHLC})
+    ohlc!(x,y::Vector{OHLC})
+
+Make open-high-low-close plot. Each entry of y is represented by a vertical
+segment extending from the low value to the high value, with short horizontal
+segments on the left and right indicating the open and close values, respectively.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> meanprices = cumsum(randn(100))
+julia> y = OHLC[(p+rand(),p+1,p-1,p+rand()) for p in meanprices]
+julia> ohlc(y)
+```
+"""
+@shorthands ohlc
+
+
+"""
+    contour(x,y,z)
+    contour!(x,y,z)
+
+Draw contour lines of the `Surface` z.
+
+# Arguments
+- `levels`: Contour levels (if `AbstractVector`) or number of levels (if `Integer`)
+- `fill`: Bool. Fill area between contours or draw contours only (false by default)
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> x = y = range(-20, 20, length = 100)
+julia> contour(x, y, (x, y) -> x^2 + y^2)
+```
+"""
+@shorthands contour
+
+"An alias for `contour` with fill = true."
+@shorthands contourf
+
+
+@shorthands contour3d
+
+"""
+    surface(x,y,z)
+    surface!(x,y,z)
+
+Draw a 3D surface plot.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> x = y = range(-3, 3, length = 100)
+julia> surface(x, y, (x, y) -> sinc(norm([x, y])))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands surface
+
+"""
+    wireframe(x,y,z)
+    wireframe!(x,y,z)
+
+Draw a 3D wireframe plot.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> wireframe(1:10,1:10,randn(10,10))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands wireframe
+
+"""
+    path3d(x,y,z)
+    path3d!(x,y,z)
+
+Plot a 3D path from `(x[1],y[1],z[1])` to `(x[2],y[2],z[2])`,
+..., to `(x[end],y[end],z[end])`.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> path3d([0,1,2,3],[0,1,4,9],[0,1,8,27])
+```
+"""
+@shorthands path3d
+
+"""
+    scatter3d(x,y,z)
+    scatter3d!(x,y,z)
+
+Make a 3D scatter plot.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> scatter3d([0,1,2,3],[0,1,4,9],[0,1,8,27])
+```
+"""
+@shorthands scatter3d
+
+"""
+    boxplot(x, y)
+    boxplot!(x, y)
+
+Make a box and whisker plot.
+
+# Keyword arguments
+- `notch`: Bool. Notch the box plot? (false)
+- `range`: Real. Values more than range*IQR below the first quartile
+           or above the third quartile are shown as outliers (1.5)
+- `outliers`: Bool. Show outliers? (true)
+- `whisker_width`: Real or Symbol. Length of whiskers (:match)
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> using StatsPlots
+julia> boxplot(repeat([1,2,3],outer=100),randn(300))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands boxplot
+
+"""
+    violin(x,y,z)
+    violin!(x,y,z)
+
+Make a violin plot.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> violin(repeat([1,2,3],outer=100),randn(300))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands violin
+
+"""
+    quiver(x,y,quiver=(u,v))
+    quiver!(x,y,quiver=(u,v))
+
+Make a quiver (vector field) plot. The `i`th vector extends
+from `(x[i],y[i])` to `(x[i] + u[i], y[i] + v[i])`.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> quiver([1,2,3],[3,2,1],quiver=([1,1,1],[1,2,3]))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands quiver
+
+"""
+    curves(x,y)
+    curves!(x,y)
+
+Draw a Bezier curve from `(x[1],y[1])` to `(x[end],y[end])`
+with control points `(x[2],y[2]), ..., (x[end-1],y[end]-1)`
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> curves([1,2,3,4],[1,1,2,4])
+```
+"""
+@shorthands curves
+
+"Plot a pie diagram"
+pie(args...; kw...)        = plot(args...; kw...,  seriestype = :pie, aspect_ratio = :equal, grid=false, xticks=nothing, yticks=nothing)
+pie!(args...; kw...)       = plot!(args...; kw..., seriestype = :pie, aspect_ratio = :equal, grid=false, xticks=nothing, yticks=nothing)
+
+"Plot with seriestype :path3d"
+plot3d(args...; kw...)     = plot(args...; kw...,  seriestype = :path3d)
+plot3d!(args...; kw...)    = plot!(args...; kw..., seriestype = :path3d)
+
+"Add title to an existing plot"
+title!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                 = plot!(; title = s, kw...)
+
+"Add xlabel to an existing plot"
+xlabel!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                = plot!(; xlabel = s, kw...)
+
+"Add ylabel to an existing plot"
+ylabel!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                = plot!(; ylabel = s, kw...)
+
+"Set xlims for an existing plot"
+xlims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; xlims = lims, kw...)
+
+"Set ylims for an existing plot"
+ylims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; ylims = lims, kw...)
+
+"Set zlims for an existing plot"
+zlims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; zlims = lims, kw...)
+
+xlims!(xmin::Real, xmax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; xlims = (xmin,xmax), kw...)
+ylims!(ymin::Real, ymax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; ylims = (ymin,ymax), kw...)
+zlims!(zmin::Real, zmax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; zlims = (zmin,zmax), kw...)
+
+
+"Set xticks for an existing plot"
+xticks!(v::TicksArgs; kw...) where {T<:Real}                       = plot!(; xticks = v, kw...)
+
+"Set yticks for an existing plot"
+yticks!(v::TicksArgs; kw...) where {T<:Real}                       = plot!(; yticks = v, kw...)
+
+xticks!(
+ticks::AVec{T}, labels::AVec{S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:AbstractString}     = plot!(; xticks = (ticks,labels), kw...)
+yticks!(
+ticks::AVec{T}, labels::AVec{S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:AbstractString}     = plot!(; yticks = (ticks,labels), kw...)
+
+"""
+    annotate!(anns...)
+
+Add annotations to an existing plot.
+
+# Arguments
+
+- `anns`: An `AbstractVector` of tuples of the form (x,y,text). The text object
+          can be an String or PlotText
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> plot(1:10)
+julia> annotate!([(7,3,"(7,3)"),(3,7,text("hey", 14, :left, :top, :green))])
+```
+"""
+annotate!(anns...; kw...)                                        = plot!(; annotation = anns, kw...)
+annotate!(anns::AVec{T}; kw...) where {T<:Tuple}                 = plot!(; annotation = anns, kw...)
+
+"Flip the current plots' x axis"
+xflip!(flip::Bool = true; kw...)                          = plot!(; xflip = flip, kw...)
+
+"Flip the current plots' y axis"
+yflip!(flip::Bool = true; kw...)                          = plot!(; yflip = flip, kw...)
+
+"Specify x axis attributes for an existing plot"
+xaxis!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; xaxis = args, kw...)
+
+"Specify y axis attributes for an existing plot"
+yaxis!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; yaxis = args, kw...)
+xgrid!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; xgrid = args, kw...)
+ygrid!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; ygrid = args, kw...)
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ function Subplot(::T; parent = RootLayout()) where T<:AbstractBackend
        (20mm, 5mm, 2mm, 10mm),
        defaultbox,
        defaultbox,
-        KW(),
+        Attr(KW(), _subplot_defaults),
        nothing,
        nothing
    )
@@ -4,39 +4,19 @@
 Specify the colour theme for plots.
 """
 function theme(s::Symbol; kw...)
-    defaults = _get_defaults(s)
+    defaults = copy(PlotThemes._themes[s].defaults)
    _theme(s, defaults; kw...)
 end

-function _get_defaults(s::Symbol)
-    thm = PlotThemes._themes[s]
-    if :defaults in fieldnames(typeof(thm))
-        return thm.defaults
-    else # old PlotTheme type
-        defaults = KW(
-            :bg       => thm.bg_secondary,
-            :bginside => thm.bg_primary,
-            :fg       => thm.lines,
-            :fgtext   => thm.text,
-            :fgguide  => thm.text,
-            :fglegend => thm.text,
-            :palette  => thm.palette,
-        )
-        if thm.gradient != nothing
-            push!(defaults, :gradient => thm.gradient)
-        end
-        return defaults
-    end
-end
-
-function _theme(s::Symbol, defaults::KW; kw...)
+function _theme(s::Symbol, defaults::AKW; kw...)
    # Reset to defaults to overwrite active theme
    reset_defaults()

    # Set the theme's gradient as default
-    if haskey(defaults, :gradient)
+    if haskey(defaults, :colorgradient)
        PlotUtils.clibrary(:misc)
        PlotUtils.default_cgrad(default = :sequential, sequential = PlotThemes.gradient_name(s))
+        pop!(defaults, :colorgradient)
    else
        PlotUtils.clibrary(:Plots)
        PlotUtils.default_cgrad(default = :sequential, sequential = :inferno)
@@ -44,8 +24,8 @@ function _theme(s::Symbol, defaults::KW; kw...)

    # maybe overwrite the theme's gradient
    kw = KW(kw)
-    if haskey(kw, :gradient)
-        kwgrad = pop!(kw, :gradient)
+    if haskey(kw, :colorgradient)
+        kwgrad = pop!(kw, :colorgradient)
        for clib in clibraries()
            if kwgrad in cgradients(clib)
                PlotUtils.clibrary(clib)
@@ -74,11 +54,11 @@ _get_showtheme_args(thm::Symbol, func::Symbol) = thm, get(_color_functions, func

@recipe function showtheme(st::ShowTheme)
    thm, cfunc = _get_showtheme_args(st.args...)
-    defaults = _get_defaults(thm)
+    defaults = PlotThemes._themes[thm].defaults

    # get the gradient
-    gradient_colors = get(defaults, :gradient, cgrad(:inferno).colors)
-    gradient = cgrad(cfunc.(RGB.(gradient_colors)))
+    gradient_colors = get(defaults, :colorgradient, cgrad(:inferno).colors)
+    colorgradient = cgrad(cfunc.(RGB.(gradient_colors)))

    # get the palette
    palette = get(defaults, :palette, get_color_palette(:auto, plot_color(:white), 17))
@@ -86,7 +66,7 @@ _get_showtheme_args(thm::Symbol, func::Symbol) = thm, get(_color_functions, func

    # apply the theme
    for k in keys(defaults)
-        k in (:gradient, :palette) && continue
+        k in (:colorgradient, :palette) && continue
        def = defaults[k]
        arg = get(_keyAliases, k, k)
        plotattributes[arg] = if typeof(def) <: Colorant
@@ -100,7 +80,7 @@ _get_showtheme_args(thm::Symbol, func::Symbol) = thm, get(_color_functions, func
        end
    end

-    srand(1)
+    Random.seed!(1)

    label := ""
    colorbar := false
@@ -139,27 +119,30 @@ _get_showtheme_args(thm::Symbol, func::Symbol) = thm, get(_color_functions, func
    @series begin
        subplot := 4
        seriestype := :heatmap
-        seriescolor := gradient
-        ticks := -5:5:5
+        seriescolor := colorgradient
+        xticks := (-2π:2π:2π, string.(-2:2:2, "π"))
+        yticks := (-2π:2π:2π, string.(-2:2:2, "π"))
        x, y, z
    end

    @series begin
        subplot := 5
        seriestype := :surface
-        seriescolor := gradient
+        seriescolor := colorgradient
+        xticks := (-2π:2π:2π, string.(-2:2:2, "π"))
+        yticks := (-2π:2π:2π, string.(-2:2:2, "π"))
        x, y, z
    end

    n = 100
    ts = range(0, stop = 10π, length = n)
-    x = ts .* cos.(ts)
+    x = (0.1ts) .* cos.(ts)
    y = (0.1ts) .* sin.(ts)
    z = 1:n

    @series begin
        subplot := 6
-        seriescolor := gradient
+        seriescolor := colorgradient
        linewidth := 3
        line_z := z
        x, y, z
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 const AVec = AbstractVector
 const AMat = AbstractMatrix
 const KW = Dict{Symbol,Any}
+const AKW = AbstractDict{Symbol,Any}
 const TicksArgs = Union{AVec{T}, Tuple{AVec{T}, AVec{S}}, Symbol} where {T<:Real, S<:AbstractString}

 struct PlotsDisplay <: AbstractDisplay end
@@ -18,10 +19,63 @@ wrap(obj::T) where {T} = InputWrapper{T}(obj)
 Base.isempty(wrapper::InputWrapper) = false


+# -----------------------------------------------------------
+
+struct Attr <: AbstractDict{Symbol,Any}
+    explicit::KW
+    defaults::KW
+end
+
+Base.getindex(attr::Attr, k) = haskey(attr.explicit,k) ?
+                                     attr.explicit[k] : attr.defaults[k]
+Base.haskey(attr::Attr, k) = haskey(attr.explicit,k) || haskey(attr.defaults,k)
+Base.get(attr::Attr, k, default) = haskey(attr, k) ? attr[k] : default
+function Base.get!(attr::Attr, k, default)
+    v = if haskey(attr, k)
+        attr[k]
+    else
+        attr.defaults[k] = default
+    end
+    return v
+end
+function Base.delete!(attr::Attr, k)
+    haskey(attr.explicit, k) && delete!(attr.explicit, k)
+    haskey(attr.defaults, k) && delete!(attr.defaults, k)
+end 
+Base.length(attr::Attr) = length(union(keys(attr.explicit), keys(attr.defaults)))
+function Base.iterate(attr::Attr)
+    exp_keys = keys(attr.explicit)
+    def_keys = setdiff(keys(attr.defaults), exp_keys)
+    key_list = collect(Iterators.flatten((exp_keys, def_keys)))
+    iterate(attr, (key_list, 1))
+end
+function Base.iterate(attr::Attr, (key_list, i))
+    i > length(key_list) && return nothing
+    k = key_list[i]
+    (k=>attr[k], (key_list, i+1))
+end
+
+Base.copy(attr::Attr) = Attr(copy(attr.explicit), attr.defaults)
+
+RecipesBase.is_explicit(attr::Attr, k) = haskey(attr.explicit,k)
+isdefault(attr::Attr, k) = !is_explicit(attr,k) && haskey(attr.defaults,k)
+
+Base.setindex!(attr::Attr, v, k) = attr.explicit[k] = v
+
+# Reset to default value and return dict
+reset_kw!(attr::Attr, k) = is_explicit(attr, k) ? delete!(attr.explicit, k) : attr
+# Reset to default value and return old value
+pop_kw!(attr::Attr, k) = is_explicit(attr, k) ? pop!(attr.explicit, k) : attr.defaults[k]
+pop_kw!(attr::Attr, k, default) = is_explicit(attr, k) ? pop!(attr.explicit, k) : get(attr.defaults, k, default)
+# Fallbacks for dicts without defaults
+reset_kw!(d::AKW, k) = delete!(d, k)
+pop_kw!(d::AKW, k) = pop!(d, k)
+pop_kw!(d::AKW, k, default) = pop!(d, k, default)
+
 # -----------------------------------------------------------

 mutable struct Series
-    plotattributes::KW
+    plotattributes::Attr
 end

 attr(series::Series, k::Symbol) = series.plotattributes[k]
@@ -36,7 +90,7 @@ mutable struct Subplot{T<:AbstractBackend} <: AbstractLayout
    minpad::Tuple # leftpad, toppad, rightpad, bottompad
    bbox::BoundingBox  # the canvas area which is available to this subplot
    plotarea::BoundingBox  # the part where the data goes
-    attr::KW  # args specific to this subplot
+    attr::Attr  # args specific to this subplot
    o  # can store backend-specific data... like a pyplot ax
    plt  # the enclosing Plot object (can't give it a type because of no forward declarations)
 end
@@ -48,7 +102,7 @@ Base.show(io::IO, sp::Subplot) = print(io, "Subplot{$(sp[:subplot_index])}")
 # simple wrapper around a KW so we can hold all attributes pertaining to the axis in one place
 mutable struct Axis
    sps::Vector{Subplot}
-    plotattributes::KW
+    plotattributes::Attr
 end

 mutable struct Extrema
@@ -67,8 +121,7 @@ const SubplotMap = Dict{Any, Subplot}
 mutable struct Plot{T<:AbstractBackend} <: AbstractPlot{T}
    backend::T                   # the backend type
    n::Int                       # number of series
-    attr::KW                     # arguments for the whole plot
-    user_attr::KW                # raw arg inputs (after aliases).  these are used as the input dict in `_plot!`
+    attr::Attr            # arguments for the whole plot
    series_list::Vector{Series}  # arguments for each series
    o                            # the backend's plot object
    subplots::Vector{Subplot}
@@ -79,7 +132,7 @@ mutable struct Plot{T<:AbstractBackend} <: AbstractPlot{T}
 end

 function Plot()
-    Plot(backend(), 0, KW(), KW(), Series[], nothing,
+    Plot(backend(), 0, Attr(KW(), _plot_defaults), Series[], nothing,
         Subplot[], SubplotMap(), EmptyLayout(),
         Subplot[], false)
 end
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ function histogramHack(; kw...)
  plotattributes[:x] = midpoints
  plotattributes[:y] = float(counts)
  plotattributes[:seriestype] = :bar
-  plotattributes[:fillrange] = plotattributes[:fillrange] == nothing ? 0.0 : plotattributes[:fillrange]
+  plotattributes[:fillrange] = plotattributes[:fillrange] === nothing ? 0.0 : plotattributes[:fillrange]
  plotattributes
 end

@@ -38,12 +38,12 @@ function barHack(; kw...)
  plotattributes = KW(kw)
  midpoints = plotattributes[:x]
  heights = plotattributes[:y]
-  fillrange = plotattributes[:fillrange] == nothing ? 0.0 : plotattributes[:fillrange]
+  fillrange = plotattributes[:fillrange] === nothing ? 0.0 : plotattributes[:fillrange]

  # estimate the edges
  dists = diff(midpoints) * 0.5
  edges = zeros(length(midpoints)+1)
-  for i in 1:length(edges)
+  for i in eachindex(edges)
    if i == 1
      edge = midpoints[1] - dists[1]
    elseif i == length(edges)
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ function barHack(; kw...)

  x = Float64[]
  y = Float64[]
-  for i in 1:length(heights)
+  for i in eachindex(heights)
    e1, e2 = edges[i:i+1]
    append!(x, [e1, e1, e2, e2])
    append!(y, [fillrange, heights[i], heights[i], fillrange])
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ function sticksHack(; kw...)
  # these are the line vertices
  x = Float64[]
  y = Float64[]
-  fillrange = plotattributesLine[:fillrange] == nothing ? 0.0 : plotattributesLine[:fillrange]
+  fillrange = plotattributesLine[:fillrange] === nothing ? 0.0 : plotattributesLine[:fillrange]

  # calculate the vertices
  yScatter = plotattributesScatter[:y]
@@ -115,26 +115,12 @@ function regressionXY(x, y)
 end

 function replace_image_with_heatmap(z::Array{T}) where T<:Colorant
-    @show T, size(z)
    n, m = size(z)
-    # idx = 0
    colors = ColorGradient(vec(z))
    newz = reshape(range(0, stop=1, length=n*m), n, m)
    newz, colors
-    # newz = zeros(n, m)
-    # for i=1:n, j=1:m
-    #     push!(colors, T(z[i,j]...))
-    #     newz[i,j] = idx / (n*m-1)
-    #     idx += 1
-    # end
-    # newz, ColorGradient(colors)
 end

-function imageHack(plotattributes::KW)
-    is_seriestype_supported(:heatmap) || error("Neither :image or :heatmap are supported!")
-    plotattributes[:seriestype] = :heatmap
-    plotattributes[:z], plotattributes[:fillcolor] = replace_image_with_heatmap(plotattributes[:z].surf)
-end
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------

 "Build line segments for plotting"
@@ -146,16 +132,18 @@ end

 Segments() = Segments(Float64)
 Segments(::Type{T}) where {T} = Segments(T[])
-Segments(p::Int) = Segments(NTuple{2,Float64}[])
+Segments(p::Int) = Segments(NTuple{p, Float64}[])


 # Segments() = Segments(zeros(0))

 to_nan(::Type{Float64}) = NaN
 to_nan(::Type{NTuple{2,Float64}}) = (NaN, NaN)
+to_nan(::Type{NTuple{3,Float64}}) = (NaN, NaN, NaN)

 coords(segs::Segments{Float64}) = segs.pts
 coords(segs::Segments{NTuple{2,Float64}}) = Float64[p[1] for p in segs.pts], Float64[p[2] for p in segs.pts]
+coords(segs::Segments{NTuple{3,Float64}}) = Float64[p[1] for p in segs.pts], Float64[p[2] for p in segs.pts], Float64[p[3] for p in segs.pts]

 function Base.push!(segments::Segments{T}, vs...) where T
    if !isempty(segments.pts)
@@ -183,22 +171,26 @@ end

 mutable struct SegmentsIterator
    args::Tuple
-    n::Int
+    n1::Int
+    n2::Int
 end

 function iter_segments(args...)
    tup = Plots.wraptuple(args)
-    n = maximum(map(length, tup))
-    SegmentsIterator(tup, n)
+    n1 = minimum(map(firstindex, tup))
+    n2 = maximum(map(lastindex, tup))
+    SegmentsIterator(tup, n1, n2)
 end

 function iter_segments(series::Series)
    x, y, z = series[:x], series[:y], series[:z]
-    if has_attribute_segments(series)
+    if x === nothing
+        return UnitRange{Int}[]
+    elseif has_attribute_segments(series)
        if series[:seriestype] in (:scatter, :scatter3d)
-            return [[i] for i in 1:length(y)]
+            return [[i] for i in eachindex(y)]
        else
-            return [i:(i + 1) for i in 1:(length(y) - 1)]
+            return [i:(i + 1) for i in firstindex(y):lastindex(y)-1]
        end
    else
        segs = UnitRange{Int}[]
@@ -212,36 +204,19 @@ end

 # helpers to figure out if there are NaN values in a list of array types
 anynan(i::Int, args::Tuple) = any(a -> try isnan(_cycle(a,i)) catch MethodError false end, args)
-anynan(istart::Int, iend::Int, args::Tuple) = any(i -> anynan(i, args), istart:iend)
-allnan(istart::Int, iend::Int, args::Tuple) = all(i -> anynan(i, args), istart:iend)
+anynan(args::Tuple) = i -> anynan(i,args)
+anynan(istart::Int, iend::Int, args::Tuple) = any(anynan(args), istart:iend)
+allnan(istart::Int, iend::Int, args::Tuple) = all(anynan(args), istart:iend)

-function Base.iterate(itr::SegmentsIterator, nextidx::Int = 1)
-    nextidx > itr.n && return nothing
-    if nextidx == 1 && !any(isempty,itr.args) && anynan(1, itr.args)
-        nextidx = 2
-    end
+function Base.iterate(itr::SegmentsIterator, nextidx::Int = itr.n1)
+    i = findfirst(!anynan(itr.args), nextidx:itr.n2)
+    i === nothing && return nothing
+    nextval = nextidx + i - 1

-    i = istart = iend = nextidx
+    j = findfirst(anynan(itr.args), nextval:itr.n2)
+    nextnan = j === nothing ? itr.n2 + 1 : nextval + j - 1

-    # find the next NaN, and iend is the one before
-    while i <= itr.n + 1
-        if i > itr.n || anynan(i, itr.args)
-            # done... array end or found NaN
-            iend = i-1
-            break
-        end
-        i += 1
-    end
-
-    # find the next non-NaN, and set nextidx
-    while i <= itr.n
-        if !anynan(i, itr.args)
-            break
-        end
-        i += 1
-    end
-
-    istart:iend, i
+    nextval:nextnan-1, nextnan
 end

 # Find minimal type that can contain NaN and x
@@ -273,6 +248,9 @@ _cycle(v, indices::AVec{Int})       = fill(v, length(indices))
 _cycle(grad::ColorGradient, idx::Int) = _cycle(grad.colors, idx)
 _cycle(grad::ColorGradient, indices::AVec{Int}) = _cycle(grad.colors, indices)

+_as_gradient(grad::ColorGradient) = grad
+_as_gradient(c::Colorant) = ColorGradient([c,c])
+
 makevec(v::AVec) = v
 makevec(v::T) where {T} = T[v]

@@ -283,18 +261,17 @@ maketuple(x::Tuple{T,S}) where {T,S} = x
 mapFuncOrFuncs(f::Function, u::AVec)        = map(f, u)
 mapFuncOrFuncs(fs::AVec{F}, u::AVec) where {F<:Function} = [map(f, u) for f in fs]

-unzip(xy::AVec{Tuple{X,Y}}) where {X,Y}              = [t[1] for t in xy], [t[2] for t in xy]
-unzip(xyz::AVec{Tuple{X,Y,Z}}) where {X,Y,Z}         = [t[1] for t in xyz], [t[2] for t in xyz], [t[3] for t in xyz]
-unzip(xyuv::AVec{Tuple{X,Y,U,V}}) where {X,Y,U,V}    = [t[1] for t in xyuv], [t[2] for t in xyuv], [t[3] for t in xyuv], [t[4] for t in xyuv]
+for i in 2:4
+  @eval begin
+    unzip(v::Union{AVec{<:Tuple{Vararg{T,$i} where T}},
+                   AVec{<:GeometryTypes.Point{$i}}}) = $(Expr(:tuple, (:([t[$j] for t in v]) for j=1:i)...))
+  end
+end

-unzip(xy::AVec{FixedSizeArrays.Vec{2,T}}) where {T}  = T[t[1] for t in xy], T[t[2] for t in xy]
-unzip(xy::FixedSizeArrays.Vec{2,T}) where {T}        = T[xy[1]], T[xy[2]]
-
-unzip(xyz::AVec{FixedSizeArrays.Vec{3,T}}) where {T} = T[t[1] for t in xyz], T[t[2] for t in xyz], T[t[3] for t in xyz]
-unzip(xyz::FixedSizeArrays.Vec{3,T}) where {T}       = T[xyz[1]], T[xyz[2]], T[xyz[3]]
-
-unzip(xyuv::AVec{FixedSizeArrays.Vec{4,T}}) where {T} = T[t[1] for t in xyuv], T[t[2] for t in xyuv], T[t[3] for t in xyuv], T[t[4] for t in xyuv]
-unzip(xyuv::FixedSizeArrays.Vec{4,T}) where {T}       = T[xyuv[1]], T[xyuv[2]], T[xyuv[3]], T[xyuv[4]]
+unzip(v::Union{AVec{<:GeometryTypes.Point{N}},
+               AVec{<:Tuple{Vararg{T,N} where T}}}) where N = error("$N-dimensional unzip not implemented.")
+unzip(v::Union{AVec{<:GeometryTypes.Point},
+               AVec{<:Tuple}}) = error("Can't unzip points of different dimensions.")

 # given 2-element lims and a vector of data x, widen lims to account for the extrema of x
 function _expand_limits(lims, x)
@@ -328,13 +305,13 @@ function replaceType(vec, val)
  push!(vec, val)
 end

-function replaceAlias!(plotattributes::KW, k::Symbol, aliases::Dict{Symbol,Symbol})
+function replaceAlias!(plotattributes::AKW, k::Symbol, aliases::Dict{Symbol,Symbol})
  if haskey(aliases, k)
-    plotattributes[aliases[k]] = pop!(plotattributes, k)
+    plotattributes[aliases[k]] = pop_kw!(plotattributes, k)
  end
 end

-function replaceAliases!(plotattributes::KW, aliases::Dict{Symbol,Symbol})
+function replaceAliases!(plotattributes::AKW, aliases::Dict{Symbol,Symbol})
  ks = collect(keys(plotattributes))
  for k in ks
      replaceAlias!(plotattributes, k, aliases)
@@ -356,7 +333,11 @@ const _scale_base = Dict{Symbol, Real}(
    :ln => ℯ,
 )

-function _heatmap_edges(v::AVec)
+function _heatmap_edges(v::AVec, isedges::Bool = false)
+  length(v) == 1 && return v[1] .+ [-0.5, 0.5]
+  if isedges return v end
+  # `isedges = true` means that v is a vector which already describes edges
+  # and does not need to be extended.
  vmin, vmax = ignorenan_extrema(v)
  extra_min = (v[2] - v[1]) / 2
  extra_max = (v[end] - v[end - 1]) / 2
@@ -364,43 +345,40 @@ function _heatmap_edges(v::AVec)
 end

 "create an (n+1) list of the outsides of heatmap rectangles"
-function heatmap_edges(v::AVec, scale::Symbol = :identity)
+function heatmap_edges(v::AVec, scale::Symbol = :identity, isedges::Bool = false)
  f, invf = scalefunc(scale), invscalefunc(scale)
-  map(invf, _heatmap_edges(map(f,v)))
+  map(invf, _heatmap_edges(map(f,v), isedges))
 end

-function calc_r_extrema(x, y)
-    xmin, xmax = ignorenan_extrema(x)
-    ymin, ymax = ignorenan_extrema(y)
-    r = 0.5 * NaNMath.min(xmax - xmin, ymax - ymin)
-    ignorenan_extrema(r)
+function heatmap_edges(x::AVec, xscale::Symbol, y::AVec, yscale::Symbol, z_size::Tuple{Int, Int})
+    nx, ny = length(x), length(y)
+    # ismidpoints = z_size == (ny, nx) # This fails some tests, but would actually be
+    # the correct check, since (4, 3) != (3, 4) and a missleading plot is produced.
+    ismidpoints = prod(z_size) == (ny * nx)
+    isedges = z_size == (ny - 1, nx - 1)
+    if !ismidpoints && !isedges
+        error("""Length of x & y does not match the size of z.
+                Must be either `size(z) == (length(y), length(x))` (x & y define midpoints)
+                or `size(z) == (length(y)+1, length(x)+1))` (x & y define edges).""")
+    end
+    x, y = heatmap_edges(x, xscale, isedges),
+           heatmap_edges(y, yscale, isedges)
+    return x, y
 end

-function convert_to_polar(x, y, r_extrema = calc_r_extrema(x, y))
+function is_uniformly_spaced(v; tol=1e-6)
+  dv = diff(v)
+  maximum(dv) - minimum(dv) < tol * mean(abs.(dv))
+end
+
+function convert_to_polar(theta, r, r_extrema = ignorenan_extrema(r))
    rmin, rmax = r_extrema
-    theta, r = filter_radial_data(x, y, r_extrema)
    r = (r .- rmin) ./ (rmax .- rmin)
    x = r.*cos.(theta)
    y = r.*sin.(theta)
    x, y
 end

-# Filters radial data for points within the axis limits
-function filter_radial_data(theta, r, r_extrema::Tuple{Real, Real})
-    n = max(length(theta), length(r))
-    rmin, rmax = r_extrema
-    x, y = zeros(n), zeros(n)
-    for i in 1:n
-        x[i] = _cycle(theta, i)
-        y[i] = _cycle(r, i)
-    end
-    points = map((a, b) -> (a, b), x, y)
-    filter!(a -> a[2] >= rmin && a[2] <= rmax, points)
-    x = map(a -> a[1], points)
-    y = map(a -> a[2], points)
-    x, y
-end
-
 function fakedata(sz...)
  y = zeros(sz...)
  for r in 2:size(y,1)
@@ -412,14 +390,6 @@ end
 isijulia() = :IJulia in nameof.(collect(values(Base.loaded_modules)))
 isatom() = :Atom in nameof.(collect(values(Base.loaded_modules)))

-function is_installed(pkgstr::AbstractString)
-    try
-        Pkg.installed(pkgstr) === nothing ? false : true
-    catch
-        false
-    end
-end
-
 istuple(::Tuple) = true
 istuple(::Any)   = false
 isvector(::AVec) = true
@@ -432,13 +402,13 @@ isscalar(::Any)  = false
 is_2tuple(v) = typeof(v) <: Tuple && length(v) == 2


-isvertical(plotattributes::KW) = get(plotattributes, :orientation, :vertical) in (:vertical, :v, :vert)
+isvertical(plotattributes::AKW) = get(plotattributes, :orientation, :vertical) in (:vertical, :v, :vert)
 isvertical(series::Series) = isvertical(series.plotattributes)


 ticksType(ticks::AVec{T}) where {T<:Real}                      = :ticks
 ticksType(ticks::AVec{T}) where {T<:AbstractString}            = :labels
-ticksType(ticks::Tuple{T,S}) where {T<:AVec,S<:AVec}  = :ticks_and_labels
+ticksType(ticks::Tuple{T,S}) where {T<:Union{AVec,Tuple},S<:Union{AVec,Tuple}} = :ticks_and_labels
 ticksType(ticks)                                        = :invalid

 limsType(lims::Tuple{T,S}) where {T<:Real,S<:Real}    = :limits
@@ -516,13 +486,13 @@ function make_fillrange_side(y, rib)
 end

 # turn a ribbon into a fillrange
-function make_fillrange_from_ribbon(kw::KW)
+function make_fillrange_from_ribbon(kw::AKW)
    y, rib = kw[:y], kw[:ribbon]
    rib = wraptuple(rib)
    rib1, rib2 = -first(rib), last(rib)
    # kw[:ribbon] = nothing
    kw[:fillrange] = make_fillrange_side(y, rib1), make_fillrange_side(y, rib2)
-    (get(kw, :fillalpha, nothing) == nothing) && (kw[:fillalpha] = 0.5)
+    (get(kw, :fillalpha, nothing) === nothing) && (kw[:fillalpha] = 0.5)
 end

 #turn tuple of fillranges to one path
@@ -534,7 +504,7 @@ function concatenate_fillrange(x,y::Tuple)
 end

 function get_sp_lims(sp::Subplot, letter::Symbol)
-    axis_limits(sp[Symbol(letter, :axis)])
+    axis_limits(sp, letter)
 end

 """
@@ -568,14 +538,9 @@ zlims(sp_idx::Int = 1) = zlims(current(), sp_idx)

 function get_clims(sp::Subplot)
    zmin, zmax = Inf, -Inf
-    z_colored_series = (:contour, :contour3d, :heatmap, :histogram2d, :surface)
    for series in series_list(sp)
-        for vals in (series[:seriestype] in z_colored_series ? series[:z] : nothing, series[:line_z], series[:marker_z], series[:fill_z])
-            if (typeof(vals) <: AbstractSurface) && (eltype(vals.surf) <: Real)
-                zmin, zmax = _update_clims(zmin, zmax, ignorenan_extrema(vals.surf)...)
-            elseif (vals != nothing) && (eltype(vals) <: Real)
-                zmin, zmax = _update_clims(zmin, zmax, ignorenan_extrema(vals)...)
-            end
+        if series[:colorbar_entry]
+            zmin, zmax = _update_clims(zmin, zmax, get_clims(series)...)
        end
    end
    clims = sp[:clims]
@@ -583,40 +548,82 @@ function get_clims(sp::Subplot)
        isfinite(clims[1]) && (zmin = clims[1])
        isfinite(clims[2]) && (zmax = clims[2])
    end
-    return zmin < zmax ? (zmin, zmax) : (-0.1, 0.1)
+    return zmin <= zmax ? (zmin, zmax) : (NaN, NaN)
 end

-_update_clims(zmin, zmax, emin, emax) = min(zmin, emin), max(zmax, emax)
-
-function hascolorbar(series::Series)
-    st = series[:seriestype]
-    hascbar = st == :heatmap
-    if st == :contour
-        hascbar = (isscalar(series[:levels]) ? (series[:levels] > 1) : (length(series[:levels]) > 1)) && (length(unique(Array(series[:z]))) > 1)
+function get_clims(sp::Subplot, series::Series)
+    zmin, zmax = if series[:colorbar_entry]
+        get_clims(sp)
+    else
+        get_clims(series)
    end
-    if series[:marker_z] != nothing || series[:line_z] != nothing || series[:fill_z] != nothing
-        hascbar = true
+    clims = sp[:clims]
+    if is_2tuple(clims)
+        isfinite(clims[1]) && (zmin = clims[1])
+        isfinite(clims[2]) && (zmax = clims[2])
    end
-    # no colorbar if we are creating a surface LightSource
-    if xor(st == :surface, series[:fill_z] != nothing)
-        hascbar = true
-    end
-    return hascbar
+    return zmin <= zmax ? (zmin, zmax) : (NaN, NaN)
 end

-function hascolorbar(sp::Subplot)
-    cbar = sp[:colorbar]
-    hascbar = false
-    if cbar != :none
-        for series in series_list(sp)
-            if hascolorbar(series)
-                hascbar = true
-            end
+function get_clims(series::Series)
+    zmin, zmax = Inf, -Inf
+    z_colored_series = (:contour, :contour3d, :heatmap, :histogram2d, :surface)
+    for vals in (series[:seriestype] in z_colored_series ? series[:z] : nothing, series[:line_z], series[:marker_z], series[:fill_z])
+        if (typeof(vals) <: AbstractSurface) && (eltype(vals.surf) <: Union{Missing, Real})
+            zmin, zmax = _update_clims(zmin, zmax, ignorenan_extrema(vals.surf)...)
+        elseif (vals !== nothing) && (eltype(vals) <: Union{Missing, Real})
+            zmin, zmax = _update_clims(zmin, zmax, ignorenan_extrema(vals)...)
        end
    end
-    hascbar
+    return zmin <= zmax ? (zmin, zmax) : (NaN, NaN)
 end

+_update_clims(zmin, zmax, emin, emax) = NaNMath.min(zmin, emin), NaNMath.max(zmax, emax)
+
+@enum ColorbarStyle cbar_gradient cbar_fill cbar_lines
+
+function colorbar_style(series::Series)
+    colorbar_entry = series[:colorbar_entry]
+    if !(colorbar_entry isa Bool)
+        @warn "Non-boolean colorbar_entry ignored."
+        colorbar_entry = true
+    end
+
+    if !colorbar_entry
+        nothing
+    elseif isfilledcontour(series)
+        cbar_fill
+    elseif iscontour(series)
+        cbar_lines
+    elseif series[:seriestype] ∈ (:heatmap,:surface) ||
+            any(series[z] !== nothing for z ∈ [:marker_z,:line_z,:fill_z])
+        cbar_gradient
+    else
+        nothing
+    end
+end
+
+hascolorbar(series::Series) = colorbar_style(series) !== nothing
+hascolorbar(sp::Subplot) = sp[:colorbar] != :none && any(hascolorbar(s) for s in series_list(sp))
+
+iscontour(series::Series) = series[:seriestype] == :contour
+isfilledcontour(series::Series) = iscontour(series) && series[:fillrange] !== nothing
+
+function contour_levels(series::Series, clims)
+    iscontour(series) || error("Not a contour series")
+    zmin, zmax = clims
+    levels = series[:levels]
+    if levels isa Integer
+        levels = range(zmin, stop=zmax, length=levels+2)
+        if !isfilledcontour(series)
+            levels = levels[2:end-1]
+        end
+    end
+    levels
+end
+
+
+
 for comp in (:line, :fill, :marker)

    compcolor = string(comp, :color)
@@ -631,7 +638,7 @@ for comp in (:line, :fill, :marker)
        function $get_compcolor(series, cmin::Real, cmax::Real, i::Int = 1)
            c = series[$Symbol($compcolor)]
            z = series[$Symbol($comp_z)]
-            if z == nothing
+            if z === nothing
                isa(c, ColorGradient) ? c : plot_color(_cycle(c, i))
            else
                grad = isa(c, ColorGradient) ? c : cgrad()
@@ -642,7 +649,7 @@ for comp in (:line, :fill, :marker)
        $get_compcolor(series, clims, i::Int = 1) = $get_compcolor(series, clims[1], clims[2], i)

        function $get_compcolor(series, i::Int = 1)
-            if series[$Symbol($comp_z)] == nothing
+            if series[$Symbol($comp_z)] === nothing
                $get_compcolor(series, 0, 1, i)
            else
                $get_compcolor(series, get_clims(series[:subplot]), i)
@@ -653,6 +660,9 @@ for comp in (:line, :fill, :marker)
    end
 end

+single_color(c, v = 0.5) = c
+single_color(grad::ColorGradient, v = 0.5) = grad[v]
+
 function get_linewidth(series, i::Int = 1)
    _cycle(series[:linewidth], i)
 end
@@ -670,17 +680,34 @@ function get_markerstrokealpha(series, i::Int = 1)
    _cycle(series[:markerstrokealpha], i)
 end

+function get_markerstrokewidth(series, i::Int = 1)
+    _cycle(series[:markerstrokewidth], i)
+end
+
 function has_attribute_segments(series::Series)
    # we want to check if a series needs to be split into segments just because
    # of its attributes
    for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
        # If we have NaNs in the data they define the segments and
        # SegmentsIterator is used
-        series[letter] != nothing && NaN in collect(series[letter]) && return false
+        series[letter] !== nothing && NaN in collect(series[letter]) && return false
    end
    series[:seriestype] == :shape && return false
    # ... else we check relevant attributes if they have multiple inputs
-    return any((typeof(series[attr]) <: AbstractVector && length(series[attr]) > 1) for attr in [:seriescolor, :seriesalpha, :linecolor, :linealpha, :linewidth, :fillcolor, :fillalpha, :markercolor, :markeralpha, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha]) || any(typeof(series[attr]) <: AbstractArray{<:Real} for attr in (:line_z, :fill_z, :marker_z))
+    return any((typeof(series[attr]) <: AbstractVector && length(series[attr]) > 1) for attr in [:seriescolor, :seriesalpha, :linecolor, :linealpha, :linewidth, :linestyle, :fillcolor, :fillalpha, :markercolor, :markeralpha, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha]) || any(typeof(series[attr]) <: AbstractArray for attr in (:line_z, :fill_z, :marker_z))
+end
+
+function get_aspect_ratio(sp)
+    aspect_ratio = sp[:aspect_ratio]
+    if aspect_ratio == :auto
+        aspect_ratio = :none
+        for series in series_list(sp)
+            if series[:seriestype] == :image
+                aspect_ratio = :equal
+            end
+        end
+    end
+    return aspect_ratio
 end

 # ---------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -690,9 +717,6 @@ makekw(; kw...) = KW(kw)
 wraptuple(x::Tuple) = x
 wraptuple(x) = (x,)

-trueOrAllTrue(f::Function, x::AbstractArray) = all(f, x)
-trueOrAllTrue(f::Function, x) = f(x)
-
 allLineTypes(arg)   = trueOrAllTrue(a -> get(_typeAliases, a, a) in _allTypes, arg)
 allStyles(arg)      = trueOrAllTrue(a -> get(_styleAliases, a, a) in _allStyles, arg)
 allShapes(arg)      = trueOrAllTrue(a -> is_marker_supported(get(_markerAliases, a, a)), arg) ||
@@ -733,7 +757,7 @@ function with(f::Function, args...; kw...)

  # save the backend
  if CURRENT_BACKEND.sym == :none
-    pickDefaultBackend()
+    _pick_default_backend()
  end
  oldbackend = CURRENT_BACKEND.sym

@@ -745,7 +769,7 @@ function with(f::Function, args...; kw...)
    end

    # # TODO: generalize this strategy to allow args as much as possible
-    # #       as in:  with(:gadfly, :scatter, :legend, :grid) do; ...; end
+    # #       as in:  with(:gr, :scatter, :legend, :grid) do; ...; end
    # # TODO: can we generalize this enough to also do something similar in the plot commands??

    # k = :seriestype
@@ -803,24 +827,24 @@ function debugplots(on = true)
  _debugMode.on = on
 end

-debugshow(x) = show(x)
-debugshow(x::AbstractArray) = print(summary(x))
+debugshow(io, x) = show(io, x)
+debugshow(io, x::AbstractArray) = print(io, summary(x))

-function dumpdict(plotattributes::KW, prefix = "", alwaysshow = false)
+function dumpdict(io::IO, plotattributes::AKW, prefix = "", alwaysshow = false)
  _debugMode.on || alwaysshow || return
-  println()
+  println(io)
  if prefix != ""
-    println(prefix, ":")
+    println(io, prefix, ":")
  end
  for k in sort(collect(keys(plotattributes)))
    @printf("%14s: ", k)
-    debugshow(plotattributes[k])
-    println()
+    debugshow(io, plotattributes[k])
+    println(io)
  end
-  println()
+  println(io)
 end
-DD(plotattributes::KW, prefix = "") = dumpdict(plotattributes, prefix, true)
-
+DD(io::IO, plotattributes::AKW, prefix = "") = dumpdict(io, plotattributes, prefix, true)
+DD(plotattributes::AKW, prefix = "") = DD(stdout, plotattributes, prefix)

 function dumpcallstack()
  error()  # well... you wanted the stacktrace, didn't you?!?
@@ -1086,6 +1110,15 @@ legendfont(sp::Subplot) = font(
    sp[:legendfontcolor],
 )

+legendtitlefont(sp::Subplot) = font(
+    sp[:legendtitlefontfamily],
+    sp[:legendtitlefontsize],
+    sp[:legendtitlefontvalign],
+    sp[:legendtitlefonthalign],
+    sp[:legendtitlefontrotation],
+    sp[:legendtitlefontcolor],
+)
+
 tickfont(ax::Axis) = font(
    ax[:tickfontfamily],
    ax[:tickfontsize],
@@ -1126,26 +1159,26 @@ function convert_sci_unicode(label::AbstractString)
    for key in keys(unicode_dict)
        label = replace(label, key => unicode_dict[key])
    end
-    if occursin("10^{", label)
+    if occursin("×10^{", label)
        label = string(label, "}")
    end
    label
 end

-function straightline_data(series)
+function straightline_data(series, expansion_factor = 1)
    sp = series[:subplot]
    xl, yl = isvertical(series) ? (xlims(sp), ylims(sp)) : (ylims(sp), xlims(sp))
    x, y = series[:x], series[:y]
    n = length(x)
    if n == 2
-        return straightline_data(xl, yl, x, y)
+        return straightline_data(xl, yl, x, y, expansion_factor)
    else
        k, r = divrem(n, 3)
        if r == 0
            xdata, ydata = fill(NaN, n), fill(NaN, n)
            for i in 1:k
                inds = (3 * i - 2):(3 * i - 1)
-                xdata[inds], ydata[inds] = straightline_data(xl, yl, x[inds], y[inds])
+                xdata[inds], ydata[inds] = straightline_data(xl, yl, x[inds], y[inds], expansion_factor)
            end
            return xdata, ydata
        else
@@ -1154,7 +1187,7 @@ function straightline_data(series)
    end
 end

-function straightline_data(xl, yl, x, y)
+function straightline_data(xl, yl, x, y, expansion_factor = 1)
    x_vals, y_vals = if y[1] == y[2]
        if x[1] == x[2]
            error("Two identical points cannot be used to describe a straight line.")
@@ -1175,29 +1208,28 @@ function straightline_data(xl, yl, x, y)
    end
    # expand the data outside the axis limits, by a certain factor too improve
    # plotly(js) and interactive behaviour
-    factor = 100
-    x_vals = x_vals .+ (x_vals[2] - x_vals[1]) .* factor .* [-1, 1]
-    y_vals = y_vals .+ (y_vals[2] - y_vals[1]) .* factor .* [-1, 1]
+    x_vals = x_vals .+ (x_vals[2] - x_vals[1]) .* expansion_factor .* [-1, 1]
+    y_vals = y_vals .+ (y_vals[2] - y_vals[1]) .* expansion_factor .* [-1, 1]
    return x_vals, y_vals
 end

-function shape_data(series)
+function shape_data(series, expansion_factor = 1)
    sp = series[:subplot]
    xl, yl = isvertical(series) ? (xlims(sp), ylims(sp)) : (ylims(sp), xlims(sp))
    x, y = series[:x], series[:y]
    factor = 100
    for i in eachindex(x)
        if x[i] == -Inf
-            x[i] = xl[1] - factor * (xl[2] - xl[1])
+            x[i] = xl[1] - expansion_factor * (xl[2] - xl[1])
        elseif x[i] == Inf
-            x[i] = xl[2] + factor * (xl[2] - xl[1])
+            x[i] = xl[2] + expansion_factor * (xl[2] - xl[1])
        end
    end
    for i in eachindex(y)
        if y[i] == -Inf
-            y[i] = yl[1] - factor * (yl[2] - yl[1])
+            y[i] = yl[1] - expansion_factor * (yl[2] - yl[1])
        elseif y[i] == Inf
-            y[i] = yl[2] + factor * (yl[2] - yl[1])
+            y[i] = yl[2] + expansion_factor * (yl[2] - yl[1])
        end
    end
    return x, y
@@ -1206,3 +1238,37 @@ end
 function construct_categorical_data(x::AbstractArray, axis::Axis)
    map(xi -> axis[:discrete_values][searchsortedfirst(axis[:continuous_values], xi)], x)
 end
+
+_fmt_paragraph(paragraph::AbstractString;kwargs...) = _fmt_paragraph(IOBuffer(),paragraph,0;kwargs...)
+
+function _fmt_paragraph(io::IOBuffer,
+                        remaining_text::AbstractString,
+                        column_count::Integer;
+                        fillwidth=60,
+                        leadingspaces=0)
+
+    kwargs = (fillwidth = fillwidth, leadingspaces = leadingspaces)
+
+    m = match(r"(.*?) (.*)",remaining_text)
+    if isa(m,Nothing)
+        if column_count + length(remaining_text) ≤ fillwidth
+            print(io,remaining_text)
+            String(take!(io))
+        else
+            print(io,"\n"*" "^leadingspaces*remaining_text)
+            String(take!(io))
+        end
+    else
+        if column_count + length(m[1]) ≤ fillwidth
+            print(io,"$(m[1]) ")
+            _fmt_paragraph(io,m[2],column_count + length(m[1]) + 1;kwargs...)
+        else
+            print(io,"\n"*" "^leadingspaces*"$(m[1]) ")
+            _fmt_paragraph(io,m[2],leadingspaces;kwargs...)
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+function _document_argument(S::AbstractString)
+    _fmt_paragraph("`$S`: "*_arg_desc[Symbol(S)],leadingspaces = 6 + length(S))
+end
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+reference_images
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-StatPlots
-Images
-ImageMagick
-@osx QuartzImageIO
-FileIO
-GR 0.31.0
-RDatasets
-VisualRegressionTests
-UnicodePlots
-LaTeXStrings
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-using Pkg
-
-# need this to use Conda
-# ENV["PYTHON"] = ""
-
-to_add = [
-    PackageSpec(url="https://github.com/JuliaPlots/PlotReferenceImages.jl.git"),
-    # PackageSpec(url="https://github.com/JuliaStats/KernelDensity.jl.git"),
-    PackageSpec(name="PlotUtils", rev="master"),
-    PackageSpec(name="RecipesBase", rev="master"),
-    # PackageSpec(name="Blink", rev="master"),
-    # PackageSpec(name="Rsvg", rev="master"),
-    # PackageSpec(name="PlotlyJS", rev="master"),
-    # PackageSpec(name="VisualRegressionTests", rev="master"),
-    # PackageSpec("PyPlot"),
-    # PackageSpec("InspectDR"),
-]
-
-if isinteractive()
-    append!(to_add, [
-        PackageSpec(name="FileIO"),
-        PackageSpec(name="ImageMagick"),
-        PackageSpec(name="UnicodePlots"),
-        PackageSpec(name="VisualRegressionTests"),
-    ])
-end
-
-Pkg.add(to_add)
-
-Pkg.build("ImageMagick")
-# Pkg.build("GR")
-# Pkg.build("Blink")
-# import Blink
-# Blink.AtomShell.install()
-# Pkg.build("PyPlot")
@@ -1,92 +1,28 @@
+import Plots._current_plots_version

-using VisualRegressionTests
-# using ExamplePlots
-
-if isinteractive()
-    @eval Main import Gtk
-end
-
-# import DataFrames, RDatasets
-
-# don't let pyplot use a gui... it'll crash
-# note: Agg will set gui -> :none in PyPlot
-# ENV["MPLBACKEND"] = "Agg"
-# try
-#   @eval import PyPlot
-#   @info("Matplotlib version: $(PyPlot.matplotlib[:__version__])")
-# end
-
-
-using Plots
-# using StatPlots
-import PlotReferenceImages
-using Random
-using Test
-
-default(size=(500,300))
-
-
-# TODO: use julia's Condition type and the wait() and notify() functions to initialize a Window, then wait() on a condition that
-#       is referenced in a button press callback (the button clicked callback will call notify() on that condition)
-
-const _current_plots_version = v"0.17.4"
-
-
-function image_comparison_tests(pkg::Symbol, idx::Int; debug = false, popup = isinteractive(), sigma = [1,1], tol = 1e-2)
+function image_comparison_tests(pkg::Symbol, idx::Int; debug = false, popup = !is_ci(), sigma = [1,1], tol = 1e-2)
    Plots._debugMode.on = debug
    example = Plots._examples[idx]
+    Plots.theme(:default)
    @info("Testing plot: $pkg:$idx:$(example.header)")
    backend(pkg)
    backend()
-
+    default(size=(500,300))
    # ensure consistent results
    Random.seed!(1234)

-    # reference image directory setup
-    # refdir = joinpath(Pkg.dir("ExamplePlots"), "test", "refimg", string(pkg))
-    refdir = joinpath(dirname(pathof(PlotReferenceImages)), "..", "Plots", string(pkg))
    fn = "ref$idx.png"
-
-    # firgure out version info
-    vns = filter(x->x[1] != '.', readdir(refdir))
-    versions = sort(VersionNumber.(vns), rev = true)
-    versions = filter(v -> v <= _current_plots_version, versions)
-    # @show refdir fn versions
-
-    newdir = joinpath(refdir, string(_current_plots_version))
-    newfn = joinpath(newdir, fn)
-
-    # figure out which reference file we should compare to, by finding the highest versioned file
-    reffn = nothing
-    for v in versions
-        tmpfn = joinpath(refdir, string(v), fn)
-        if isfile(tmpfn)
-            reffn = tmpfn
-            break
-        end
-    end
-
-    # now we have the fn (if any)... do the comparison
-    # @show reffn
-    if reffn == nothing
-        reffn = newfn
-    end
-    # @show reffn
-    # return
+    reffn = reference_file(pkg, idx, _current_plots_version)
+    newfn = joinpath(reference_path(pkg, _current_plots_version), fn)

    # test function
    func = (fn, idx) -> begin
-        map(eval, example.exprs)
+        expr = Expr(:block)
+        append!(expr.args, example.exprs)
+        eval(expr)
        png(fn)
    end

-    # try
-    #     run(`mkdir -p $newdir`)
-    # catch err
-    #     display(err)
-    # end
-    # # reffn = joinpath(refdir, "ref$idx.png")
-
    # the test
    vtest = VisualTest(func, reffn, idx)
    test_images(vtest, popup=popup, sigma=sigma, tol=tol, newfn = newfn)
@@ -100,7 +36,7 @@ function image_comparison_facts(pkg::Symbol;
                                tol = 1e-2)     # acceptable error (percent)
  for i in 1:length(Plots._examples)
    i in skip && continue
-    if only == nothing || i in only
+    if only === nothing || i in only
      @test image_comparison_tests(pkg, i, debug=debug, sigma=sigma, tol=tol) |> success == true
    end
  end
@@ -1,121 +1,117 @@
-module PlotsTests
+import ImageMagick
+using VisualRegressionTests
+using Plots
+using Random
+using Test
+using FileIO
+using Gtk
+using LibGit2
+using GeometryTypes
+using Dates
+
+include("test_pgfplotsx.jl")
+
+reference_dir(args...) = joinpath(homedir(), ".julia", "dev", "PlotReferenceImages", args...)
+
+function reference_file(backend, i, version)
+    refdir = reference_dir("Plots", string(backend))
+    fn = "ref$i.png"
+    versions = sort(VersionNumber.(readdir(refdir)), rev = true)
+
+    reffn = joinpath(refdir, string(version), fn)
+    for v in versions
+        tmpfn = joinpath(refdir, string(v), fn)
+        if isfile(tmpfn)
+            reffn = tmpfn
+            break
+        end
+    end
+
+    return reffn
+end
+
+reference_path(backend, version) = reference_dir("Plots", string(backend), string(version))
+
+if !isdir(reference_dir())
+    mkpath(reference_dir())
+    LibGit2.clone("https://github.com/JuliaPlots/PlotReferenceImages.jl.git", reference_dir())
+end

-include("add_packages.jl")
 include("imgcomp.jl")
-
 # don't actually show the plots
 Random.seed!(1234)
 default(show=false, reuse=true)
-img_tol = isinteractive() ? 1e-2 : 10e-2
+is_ci() = get(ENV, "CI", "false") == "true"
+img_tol = is_ci() ? 1e-2 : Sys.islinux() ? 1e-3 : 0.1

+## Uncomment the following lines to update reference images for different backends
+
+#=
@testset "GR" begin
-    ENV["PLOTS_TEST"] = "true"
-    ENV["GKSwstype"] = "100"
-    @test gr() == Plots.GRBackend()
-    @test backend() == Plots.GRBackend()
-
-    image_comparison_facts(:gr, tol=img_tol, skip = [25, 30])
+    image_comparison_facts(:gr, tol=img_tol, skip = Plots._backend_skips[:gr])
 end

-
-#@testset "PyPlot" begin
-#    @test pyplot() == Plots.PyPlotBackend()
-#    @test backend() == Plots.PyPlotBackend()
-#
-#    image_comparison_facts(:pyplot, tol=img_tol)
-#end
-
-@testset "UnicodePlots" begin
-    @test unicodeplots() == Plots.UnicodePlotsBackend()
-    @test backend() == Plots.UnicodePlotsBackend()
-
-    # lets just make sure it runs without error
-    @test isa(plot(rand(10)), Plots.Plot) == true
+plotly()
+@testset "Plotly" begin
+    image_comparison_facts(:plotly, tol=img_tol, skip = Plots._backend_skips[:plotlyjs])
 end

-# The plotlyjs testimages return a connection error on travis:
-# connect: connection refused (ECONNREFUSED)
+pyplot()
+@testset "PyPlot" begin
+    image_comparison_facts(:pyplot, tol=img_tol, skip = Plots._backend_skips[:pyplot])
+end

-# @testset "PlotlyJS" begin
-#     @test plotlyjs() == Plots.PlotlyJSBackend()
-#     @test backend() == Plots.PlotlyJSBackend()
-#
-#     if Sys.islinux() && isinteractive()
-#         image_comparison_facts(:plotlyjs,
-#             skip=[
-#                 2,  # animation (skipped for speed)
-#                 27, # (polar plots) takes very long / not working
-#                 31, # animation (skipped for speed)
-#             ],
-#             tol=img_tol)
-#     end
-# end
+pgfplots()
+@testset "PGFPlots" begin
+    image_comparison_facts(:pgfplots, tol=img_tol, skip = Plots._backend_skips[:pgfplots])
+end
+=#
+##

+@testset "Backends" begin

-# InspectDR returns that error on travis:
-# ERROR: LoadError: InitError: Cannot open display:
-#  in Gtk.GLib.GError(::Gtk.##229#230) at /home/travis/.julia/v0.5/Gtk/src/GLib/gerror.jl:17
+    @testset "GR" begin
+        ENV["PLOTS_TEST"] = "true"
+        ENV["GKSwstype"] = "100"
+        @test gr() == Plots.GRBackend()
+        @test backend() == Plots.GRBackend()

-# @testset "InspectDR" begin
-#     @test inspectdr() == Plots.InspectDRBackend()
-#     @test backend() == Plots.InspectDRBackend()
-#
-#     image_comparison_facts(:inspectdr,
-#         skip=[
-#             2,  # animation
-#             6,  # heatmap not defined
-#             10, # heatmap not defined
-#             22, # contour not defined
-#             23, # pie not defined
-#             27, # polar plot not working
-#             28, # heatmap not defined
-#             31, # animation
-#         ],
-#         tol=img_tol)
-# end
-
-
-# @testset "Plotly" begin
-#     @test plotly() == Plots.PlotlyBackend()
-#     @test backend() == Plots.PlotlyBackend()
-#
-#     # # until png generation is reliable on OSX, just test on linux
-#     # @static Sys.islinux() && image_comparison_facts(:plotly, only=[1,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,20,22,23,27], tol=img_tol)
-# end
-
-
-# @testset "Immerse" begin
-#     @test immerse() == Plots.ImmerseBackend()
-#     @test backend() == Plots.ImmerseBackend()
-#
-#     # as long as we can plot anything without error, it should be the same as Gadfly
-#     image_comparison_facts(:immerse, only=[1], tol=img_tol)
-# end
-
-
-# @testset "PlotlyJS" begin
-#     @test plotlyjs() == Plots.PlotlyJSBackend()
-#     @test backend() == Plots.PlotlyJSBackend()
-#
-#     # as long as we can plot anything without error, it should be the same as Plotly
-#     image_comparison_facts(:plotlyjs, only=[1], tol=img_tol)
-# end
-
-
-# @testset "Gadfly" begin
-#     @test gadfly() == Plots.GadflyBackend()
-#     @test backend() == Plots.GadflyBackend()
-#
-#     @test typeof(plot(1:10)) == Plots.Plot{Plots.GadflyBackend}
-#     @test plot(Int[1,2,3], rand(3)) == not(nothing)
-#     @test plot(sort(rand(10)), rand(Int, 10, 3)) == not(nothing)
-#     @test plot!(rand(10,3), rand(10,3)) == not(nothing)
-#
-#     image_comparison_facts(:gadfly, skip=[4,6,23,24,27], tol=img_tol)
-# end
+        @static if haskey(ENV, "APPVEYOR")
+            @info "Skipping GR image comparison tests on AppVeyor"
+        else
+            image_comparison_facts(:gr, tol=img_tol, skip = Plots._backend_skips[:gr])
+        end
+    end

+    @testset "UnicodePlots" begin
+        @test unicodeplots() == Plots.UnicodePlotsBackend()
+        @test backend() == Plots.UnicodePlotsBackend()

+        # lets just make sure it runs without error
+        p = plot(rand(10))
+        @test isa(p, Plots.Plot) == true
+        @test isa(display(p), Nothing) == true
+        p = bar(randn(10))
+        @test isa(p, Plots.Plot) == true
+        @test isa(display(p), Nothing) == true
+        p = plot([1, 2], [3, 4])
+        annotate!(p, [(1.5, 3.2, Plots.text("Test", :red, :center))])
+        hline!(p, [3.1])
+        @test isa(p, Plots.Plot) == true
+        @test isa(display(p), Nothing) == true
+        p = plot([Dates.Date(2019, 1, 1), Dates.Date(2019, 2, 1)], [3, 4])
+        hline!(p, [3.1])
+        annotate!(p, [(Dates.Date(2019, 1, 15), 3.2, Plots.text("Test", :red, :center))])
+        @test isa(p, Plots.Plot) == true
+        @test isa(display(p), Nothing) == true
+        p = plot([Dates.Date(2019, 1, 1), Dates.Date(2019, 2, 1)], [3, 4])
+        annotate!(p, [(Dates.Date(2019, 1, 15), 3.2, Plots.text("Test", :red, :center))])
+        hline!(p, [3.1])
+        @test isa(p, Plots.Plot) == true
+        @test isa(display(p), Nothing) == true
+    end

+end

@testset "Axes" begin
    p = plot()
@@ -132,46 +128,52 @@ end
 end

@testset "NoFail" begin
-    histogram([1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])
+    plots = [histogram([1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]),
+             plot([missing]),
+             plot([missing; 1:4]),
+             plot([fill(missing,10); 1:4]),
+             plot([1 1; 1 missing]),
+             plot(["a" "b"; missing "d"], [1 2; 3 4])]
+    for plt in plots
+        display(plt)
+    end
+    @test_nowarn plot(x->x^2,0,2)
 end

-# tests for preprocessing recipes
+@testset "EmptyAnim" begin
+    anim = @animate for i in []
+    end

-# @testset "recipes" begin
+    @test_throws ArgumentError gif(anim)
+end

-    # user recipe
+@testset "Segments" begin
+    function segments(args...)
+        segs = UnitRange{Int}[]
+        for seg in iter_segments(args...)
+            push!(segs,seg)
+        end
+        segs
+    end

-    # type T end
-    # @recipe function f(::T)
-    #     line := (3,0.3,:red)
-    #     marker := (20,0.5,:blue,:o)
-    #     bg := :yellow
-    #     rand(10)
-    # end
-    # plot(T())
+    nan10 = fill(NaN,10)
+    @test segments(11:20) == [1:10]
+    @test segments([NaN]) == []
+    @test segments(nan10) == []
+    @test segments([nan10; 1:5]) == [11:15]
+    @test segments([1:5;nan10]) == [1:5]
+    @test segments([nan10; 1:5; nan10; 1:5; nan10]) == [11:15, 26:30]
+    @test segments([NaN; 1], 1:10) == [2:2, 4:4, 6:6, 8:8, 10:10]
+    @test segments([nan10; 1:15], [1:15; nan10]) == [11:15]
+end

-    # plot recipe
-
-    # @recipe function f(::Type{Val{:hiplt}},plt::Plot)
-    #     line := (3,0.3,:red)
-    #     marker := (20,0.5,:blue,:o)
-    #     t := :path
-    #     bg:=:green
-    #     ()
-    # end
-    # plot(rand(10),t=:hiplt)
-
-    # series recipe
-
-    # @recipe function f(::Type{Val{:hi}},x,y,z)
-    #     line := (3,0.3,:red)
-    #     marker := (20,0.5,:blue,:o)
-    #     t := :path
-    #     ()
-    # end
-    # plot(rand(10),t=:hiplt)
-
-# end
-
-
-end # module
+@testset "Utils" begin
+    zipped = ([(1,2)], [("a","b")], [(1,"a"),(2,"b")],
+              [(1,2),(3,4)], [(1,2,3),(3,4,5)], [(1,2,3,4),(3,4,5,6)],
+              [(1,2.0),(missing,missing)], [(1,missing),(missing,"a")],
+              [(missing,missing)], [(missing,missing,missing),("a","b","c")])
+    for z in zipped
+        @test isequal(collect(zip(Plots.unzip(z)...)), z)
+        @test isequal(collect(zip(Plots.unzip(GeometryTypes.Point.(z))...)), z)
+    end
+end
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-import SnoopCompile
-
-### Log the compiles
-# This only needs to be run once (to generate "/tmp/plots_compiles.csv")
-
-# SnoopCompile.@snoop "/tmp/plots_compiles.csv" begin
-#     include(joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__), "runtests.jl"))
-# end
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------
-
-### Parse the compiles and generate precompilation scripts
-# This can be run repeatedly to tweak the scripts
-
-# IMPORTANT: we must have the module(s) defined for the parcelation
-# step, otherwise we will get no precompiles for the Plots module
-using Plots
-
-data = SnoopCompile.read("/tmp/plots_compiles.csv")
-
-# The Plots tests are run inside a module PlotsTest, so all
-# the precompiles get credited to PlotsTest. Credit them to Plots instead.
-subst = Dict("PlotsTests"=>"Plots")
-
-# Blacklist helps fix problems:
-# - MIME uses type-parameters with symbols like :image/png, which is
-#   not parseable
-blacklist = ["MIME"]
-
-# Use these two lines if you want to create precompile functions for
-# individual packages
-pc, discards = SnoopCompile.parcel(data[end:-1:1,2], subst=subst, blacklist=blacklist)
-SnoopCompile.write("/tmp/precompile", pc)
-
-pdir = joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__), "..")
-run(`cp /tmp/precompile/precompile_Plots.jl $pdir/src/precompile.jl`)
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+using Plots, Test
+pgfplotsx()
+
+function create_plot(args...; kwargs...)
+   pgfx_plot = plot(args...; kwargs...)
+   return pgfx_plot, repr("application/x-tex", pgfx_plot)
+end
+
+function create_plot!(args...; kwargs...)
+   pgfx_plot = plot!(args...; kwargs...)
+   return pgfx_plot, repr("application/x-tex", pgfx_plot)
+end
+
+@testset "PGFPlotsX" begin
+   pgfx_plot = plot(1:5)
+   Plots._update_plot_object(pgfx_plot)
+   @test pgfx_plot.o.the_plot isa PGFPlotsX.TikzDocument
+   @test pgfx_plot.series_list[1].plotattributes[:quiver] === nothing
+   axis = Plots.pgfx_axes(pgfx_plot.o)[1]
+   @test count(x -> x isa PGFPlotsX.Plot, axis.contents) == 1
+   @test !haskey(axis.contents[1].options.dict, "fill")
+
+   @testset "3D docs example" begin
+      n = 100
+      ts = range(0, stop = 8π, length = n)
+      x = ts .* map(cos, ts)
+      y = (0.1ts) .* map(sin, ts)
+      z = 1:n
+      pl = plot(
+         x,
+         y,
+         z,
+         zcolor = reverse(z),
+         m = (10, 0.8, :blues, Plots.stroke(0)),
+         leg = false,
+         cbar = true,
+         w = 5,
+      )
+      pgfx_plot = plot!(pl, zeros(n), zeros(n), 1:n, w = 10)
+      Plots._update_plot_object(pgfx_plot)
+      if @test_nowarn(
+         haskey(Plots.pgfx_axes(pgfx_plot.o)[1].options.dict, "colorbar") == true
+      )
+         @test Plots.pgfx_axes(pgfx_plot.o)[1]["colorbar"] === nothing
+      end
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Color docs example" begin
+      y = rand(100)
+      plot(
+         0:10:100,
+         rand(11, 4),
+         lab = "lines",
+         w = 3,
+         palette = :grays,
+         fill = 0,
+         α = 0.6,
+      )
+      pl = scatter!(
+         y,
+         zcolor = abs.(y .- 0.5),
+         m = (:heat, 0.8, Plots.stroke(1, :green)),
+         ms = 10 * abs.(y .- 0.5) .+ 4,
+         lab = ["grad", "", "ient"],
+      )
+      Plots._update_plot_object(pl)
+      axis = Plots.pgfx_axes(pl.o)[1]
+      @test count(x -> x isa PGFPlotsX.LegendEntry, axis.contents) == 6
+      @test count(x -> x isa PGFPlotsX.Plot, axis.contents) == 108 # each marker is its own plot, fillranges create 2 plot-objects
+      marker = axis.contents[15]
+      @test marker isa PGFPlotsX.Plot
+      @test marker.options["mark"] == "*"
+      @test marker.options["mark options"]["color"] ==
+            RGBA{Float64}(colorant"green", 0.8)
+      @test marker.options["mark options"]["line width"] == 1
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Plot in pieces" begin
+      plot(rand(100) / 3, reg = true, fill = (0, :green))
+      scatter!(rand(100), markersize = 6, c = :orange)
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Marker types" begin
+      markers = filter((m -> begin
+         m in Plots.supported_markers()
+      end), Plots._shape_keys)
+      markers = reshape(markers, 1, length(markers))
+      n = length(markers)
+      x = (range(0, stop = 10, length = n + 2))[2:(end - 1)]
+      y = repeat(reshape(reverse(x), 1, :), n, 1)
+      scatter(
+         x,
+         y,
+         m = (8, :auto),
+         lab = map(string, markers),
+         bg = :linen,
+         xlim = (0, 10),
+         ylim = (0, 10),
+      )
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Layout" begin
+      plot(
+         Plots.fakedata(100, 10),
+         layout = 4,
+         palette = [:grays :blues :heat :lightrainbow],
+         bg_inside = [:orange :pink :darkblue :black],
+      )
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Polar plots" begin
+      Θ = range(0, stop = 1.5π, length = 100)
+      r = abs.(0.1 * randn(100) + sin.(3Θ))
+      plot(Θ, r, proj = :polar, m = 2)
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Drawing shapes" begin
+      verts = [
+         (-1.0, 1.0),
+         (-1.28, 0.6),
+         (-0.2, -1.4),
+         (0.2, -1.4),
+         (1.28, 0.6),
+         (1.0, 1.0),
+         (-1.0, 1.0),
+         (-0.2, -0.6),
+         (0.0, -0.2),
+         (-0.4, 0.6),
+         (1.28, 0.6),
+         (0.2, -1.4),
+         (-0.2, -1.4),
+         (0.6, 0.2),
+         (-0.2, 0.2),
+         (0.0, -0.2),
+         (0.2, 0.2),
+         (-0.2, -0.6),
+      ]
+      x = 0.1:0.2:0.9
+      y = 0.7 * rand(5) .+ 0.15
+      plot(
+         x,
+         y,
+         line = (3, :dash, :lightblue),
+         marker = (Shape(verts), 30, RGBA(0, 0, 0, 0.2)),
+         bg = :pink,
+         fg = :darkblue,
+         xlim = (0, 1),
+         ylim = (0, 1),
+         leg = false,
+      )
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Histogram 2D" begin
+      histogram2d(randn(10000), randn(10000), nbins = 20)
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Heatmap-like" begin
+      xs = [string("x", i) for i = 1:10]
+      ys = [string("y", i) for i = 1:4]
+      z = float((1:4) * reshape(1:10, 1, :))
+      pgfx_plot = heatmap(xs, ys, z, aspect_ratio = 1)
+      Plots._update_plot_object(pgfx_plot)
+      if @test_nowarn(
+         haskey(Plots.pgfx_axes(pgfx_plot.o)[1].options.dict, "colorbar") == true
+      )
+         @test Plots.pgfx_axes(pgfx_plot.o)[1]["colorbar"] === nothing
+         @test Plots.pgfx_axes(pgfx_plot.o)[1]["colormap name"] == "plots1"
+      end
+
+      pgfx_plot = wireframe(xs, ys, z, aspect_ratio = 1)
+      # TODO: clims are wrong
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Contours" begin
+      x = 1:0.5:20
+      y = 1:0.5:10
+      f(x, y) = begin
+         (3x + y^2) * abs(sin(x) + cos(y))
+      end
+      X = repeat(reshape(x, 1, :), length(y), 1)
+      Y = repeat(y, 1, length(x))
+      Z = map(f, X, Y)
+      p2 = contour(x, y, Z)
+      p1 = contour(x, y, f, fill = true)
+      plot(p1, p2)
+      # TODO: colorbar for filled contours
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Varying colors" begin
+      t = range(0, stop = 1, length = 100)
+      θ = (6π) .* t
+      x = t .* cos.(θ)
+      y = t .* sin.(θ)
+      p1 = plot(x, y, line_z = t, linewidth = 3, legend = false)
+      p2 = scatter(
+         x,
+         y,
+         marker_z = ((x, y) -> begin
+            x + y
+         end),
+         color = :bluesreds,
+         legend = false,
+      )
+      plot(p1, p2)
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Framestyles" begin
+      scatter(
+         fill(randn(10), 6),
+         fill(randn(10), 6),
+         framestyle = [:box :semi :origin :zerolines :grid :none],
+         title = [":box" ":semi" ":origin" ":zerolines" ":grid" ":none"],
+         color = permutedims(1:6),
+         layout = 6,
+         label = "",
+         markerstrokewidth = 0,
+         ticks = -2:2,
+      )
+      # TODO: support :semi
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Quiver" begin
+      x = (-2pi):0.2:(2 * pi)
+      y = sin.(x)
+
+      u = ones(length(x))
+      v = cos.(x)
+      arrow_plot = plot(x, y, quiver = (u, v), arrow = true)
+      # TODO: could adjust limits to fit arrows if too long, but how?
+      # TODO: get latex available on CI
+      # mktempdir() do path
+      #    @test_nowarn savefig(arrow_plot, path*"arrow.pdf")
+      # end
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Annotations" begin
+      y = rand(10)
+      plot(
+         y,
+         annotations = (3, y[3], Plots.text("this is \\#3", :left)),
+         leg = false,
+      )
+      annotate!([
+         (5, y[5], Plots.text("this is \\#5", 16, :red, :center)),
+         (10, y[10], Plots.text("this is \\#10", :right, 20, "courier")),
+      ])
+      annotation_plot = scatter!(
+         range(2, stop = 8, length = 6),
+         rand(6),
+         marker = (50, 0.2, :orange),
+         series_annotations = [
+            "series",
+            "annotations",
+            "map",
+            "to",
+            "series",
+            Plots.text("data", :green),
+         ],
+      )
+      # mktempdir() do path
+      #    @test_nowarn savefig(annotation_plot, path*"annotation.pdf")
+      # end
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Ribbon" begin
+      aa = rand(10)
+      bb = rand(10)
+      cc = rand(10)
+      conf = [aa - cc bb - cc]
+      ribbon_plot =
+         plot(collect(1:10), fill(1, 10), ribbon = (conf[:, 1], conf[:, 2]))
+      Plots._update_plot_object(ribbon_plot)
+      axis = Plots.pgfx_axes(ribbon_plot.o)[1]
+      plots = filter(x -> x isa PGFPlotsX.Plot, axis.contents)
+      @test length(plots) == 4
+      @test !haskey(plots[1].options.dict, "fill")
+      @test !haskey(plots[2].options.dict, "fill")
+      @test !haskey(plots[3].options.dict, "fill")
+      @test haskey(plots[4].options.dict, "fill")
+      @test ribbon_plot.o !== nothing
+      @test ribbon_plot.o.the_plot !== nothing
+      #    mktempdir() do path
+      #       @test_nowarn savefig(ribbon_plot, path*"ribbon.svg")
+      #    end
+   end # testset
+end # testset