Merge pull request #2533 from daschw/release

release 1.0 🎉
2020-04-05 15:39:21 +02:00 · 2020-04-05 13:10:36 +02:00 · 2020-04-01 23:08:28 +02:00 · 2020-04-01 22:38:12 +02:00 · 2020-04-01 19:45:10 +02:00 · 2020-04-01 19:27:41 +02:00
55 changed files with 8423 additions and 3244 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+name: CompatHelper
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '00 * * * *'
+
+jobs:
+  CompatHelper:
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        julia-version: [1.2.0]
+        julia-arch: [x86]
+        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+    steps:
+      - uses: julia-actions/setup-julia@latest
+        with:
+          version: ${{ matrix.julia-version }}
+      - name: Pkg.add("CompatHelper")
+        run: julia -e 'using Pkg; Pkg.add("CompatHelper")'
+      - name: CompatHelper.main()
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: julia -e 'using CompatHelper; CompatHelper.main()'
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+name: TagBot
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: 0 * * * *
+jobs:
+  TagBot:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: JuliaRegistries/TagBot@v1
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
@@ -7,3 +7,6 @@ examples/meetup/.ipynb_checkpoints/*
 deps/plotly-latest.min.js
 deps/build.log
 deps/deps.jl
+Manifest.toml
+dev/
+test/tmpplotsave.hdf5
@@ -4,57 +4,41 @@ os:
  - linux
  # - osx
 julia:
-  # - 1.0
+  - 1.0
+  - 1
  - nightly
-# matrix:
-#   allow_failures:
-#     - julia: nightly

-# # before install:
-# #   - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "osx" ]]; then brew update          ; fi
-# #   - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "osx" ]]; then brew install wkhtmltopdf; fi
+matrix:
+  allow_failures:
+  - julia: nightly

-# ref: http://askubuntu.com/a/556672 for the wkhtmltopdf apt repository info
+addons:
+  apt:
+    packages:
+      - at-spi2-core
+      - libgtk-3-dev
+      - xauth
+      - xvfb
+
+env:
+  - GKS_ENCODING="utf8"
+
+cache:
+  directories:
+  - $HOME/.julia/artifacts

 sudo: required
 before_install:
  - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "linux" ]]; then pwd ; fi
  - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "linux" ]]; then ./test/install_wkhtmltoimage.sh ; fi
-#   - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "linux" ]]; then  sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:pov/wkhtmltopdf  ; fi
-#   - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "linux" ]]; then  sudo apt-get -qq update                      ; fi
-#   - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "linux" ]]; then  sudo apt-get install -y wkhtmltopdf          ; fi
-#   - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "linux" ]]; then  wkhtmltopdf -V                               ; fi
-#   - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "linux" ]]; then  wkhtmltoimage -V                             ; fi
-#   echo 'exec xvfb-run -a -s "-screen 0 640x480x16" wkhtmltopdf "$@"' | sudo tee /usr/local/bin/wkhtmltopdf.sh >/dev/null
-# sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/wkhtmltopdf.sh
-
-# # borrowed from Blink.jl's travis file
-# matrix:
-#   include:
-#     - os: linux
-#       julia: 0.4
-#       env: TESTCMD="xvfb-run julia"
-#     - os: osx
-#       julia: 0.4
-#       env: TESTCMD="julia"
-
-

 notifications:
  email: true
-# uncomment the following lines to override the default test script
-# script:
- # - if [[ -a .git/shallow ]]; then git fetch --unshallow; fi
- # - julia -e 'import Pkg; Pkg.add(Pkg.PackageSpec(path=pwd())); Pkg.build("Plots")'
- # - julia test/travis_commands.jl
- # - julia -e 'Pkg.clone("ImageMagick"); Pkg.build("ImageMagick")'
- # - julia -e 'Pkg.clone("GR"); Pkg.build("GR")'
- # # - julia -e 'Pkg.clone("https://github.com/tbreloff/ImageMagick.jl.git"); Pkg.checkout("ImageMagick","tb_write"); Pkg.build("ImageMagick")'
- # - julia -e 'Pkg.clone("https://github.com/tbreloff/ExamplePlots.jl.git");'
- # # - julia -e 'Pkg.clone("https://github.com/JunoLab/Blink.jl.git"); Pkg.build("Blink"); import Blink; Blink.AtomShell.install()'
- # # - julia -e 'Pkg.clone("https://github.com/spencerlyon2/PlotlyJS.jl.git")'
- # - julia -e 'ENV["PYTHON"] = ""; Pkg.add("PyPlot"); Pkg.build("PyPlot")'
- #
- # # - $TESTCMD -e 'Pkg.test("Plots"; coverage=false)'
- # - julia -e 'Pkg.test("Plots"; coverage=false)'
- # # - julia -e 'cd(Pkg.dir("Plots")); Pkg.add("Coverage"); using Coverage; Coveralls.submit(process_folder()); Codecov.submit(process_folder())'
+
+after_success:
+  - julia -e 'using Pkg; Pkg.add("Coverage"); using Coverage; Codecov.submit(process_folder())'
+
+script:
+  - if [[ -a .git/shallow ]]; then git fetch --unshallow; fi
+  - if [[ `uname` = "Linux" ]]; then TESTCMD="xvfb-run julia"; else TESTCMD="julia"; fi
+  - $TESTCMD -e 'using Pkg; Pkg.build(); Pkg.test(coverage=true)'
@@ -3,14 +3,118 @@

 #### notes on release changes, ongoing development, and future planned work

- Minor version 0.17 is the last one to support Julia 0.6!!
- Minor version 0.11 is the last one to support Julia 0.5!!
-	- Critical bugfixes only
-    - `backports` branch is for Julia 0.5
-
---
 ## (current master)

+## 0.28.3
+- support generalized array interface
+- save to pdf, svg and eps in plotlyjs
+- fix for clims in line_z
+- optimize heatmap logic in gr
+
+## 0.26.3
+- fix `vline` with dates
+- fix PyPlot logscale bug
+- avoid annotation clipping for PyPlot
+- allow plotting of Any vectors and 3D plotting again in convertToAnyVector
+- specify legend title font in GR and PyPlot
+- delete `pushtomaster.sh`
+- use `=== nothing`
+
+## 0.26.2
+- improve empty animation build error
+- fix GR axis flip for heatmaps and images
+- fix ribbons specified as tuples
+- add Char recipe
+- fix Plotly plots with single-element series
+- rewrite PlotlyJS backend
+
+## 0.26.1
+- handle `Char`s as input data
+- fix html saving for Plotly
+- expand ~ in paths on UNIX systems
+- convertToAnyVector clean-up
+- fix color_palette grouping issue
+
+## 0.26.0
+- use FFMPEG.jl
+- add missing method for convertToAnyVector
+
+## 0.25.3
+- add areaplot
+- allow missing in z_color arguments
+- more general tuple recipe
+- stephist logscale improvements
+
+## 0.25.2
+- improvements to handle missings
+- pyplot: allow setting the color gradient for z values
+- document :colorbar_entry
+- limit number of automatic bins
+- fix ENV['PLOTS_DEFAULT_BACKEND']
+- don't let aspect_ratio impact subplot size
+- implement arrowstyle for GR
+- fix bug in plotly_convert_to_datetime
+- improve missing support
+- gr: polar heatmaps
+- make sure show returns nothing
+
+## 0.25.1
+- fix gr_display
+
+## 0.25.0
+- Replace StaticArrays with GeometryTypes
+- Contour fixes for GR
+
+## 0.24.0
+- Update to the new PyCall and PyPlot API
+- fix drawing of ticks
+- fix y label position with GR
+
+## 0.23.2
+- pyplot fixes
+- Add option :tex_output_standalone to set the 'include_preamble' argument in the PGFPlots backend.
+- fix ticks
+- support plotly json mime
+- fix image axis limits
+- default to radius 0 at center for polar plots
+
+## 0.23.1
+- slightly faster load time
+- fixed errant MethodError
+- fix bar plots with unicodeplots
+- better colorbars for contour
+- add volume seriestype for GR
+- fix passing a tuple to custom ticks
+- add vline to pgfplots
+- add tex output for pyplot
+- better 3d axis labels for GR
+
+## 0.23.0
+- compatible with StatPlots -> StatsPlots name shift
+- fix histograms for vectors with NaN and Inf
+- change gif behaviour (remove cache-busting)
+- improved docstrings for shorthands functions
+- fix font rotation for pyplot
+- fix greyscale images for pyplot
+- clamp greyscale images with values outside 0,1
+- support keyword argument for font options
+- allow vector of markers for pyplot scatter
+
+## 0.22.5
+- improve behaviour of plotlyjs backend
+
+## 0.22.4
+- Add support for discrete contourf plots with GR
+
+## 0.22.3
+- Fix the `showtheme` function
+
+## 0.22.2
+- Allow annotations to accept a Tuple instead of the result of a text call (making it possible to specify font characteristics in recipes). E.g. `annotations = (2, 4, ("test", :right, 8, :red))` is the same as `annotations = (2, 4, text("test", :right, 8, :red))`
+
+## 0.22.1
+- push PlotsDisplay just after REPLDisplay
+
 ## 0.22.0
 - deprecate GLVisualize
 - allow 1-row and 1-column heatmaps
@@ -179,7 +283,7 @@ Many updates, min julia 1.0
 - add `reset_defaults()` function to reset plot defaults
 - update syntax to 0.6
 - make `fill = true` fill to 0 rather than to 1
- use new `@df` syntax in StatPlots examples
+- use new `@df` syntax in StatsPlots examples
 - allow changing the color of legend box
 - implement `title_location` for gr
 - add `hline` marker to pgfplots - fixes errorbars
@@ -331,7 +435,7 @@ Many updates, min julia 1.0
 - added dependency on PlotThemes
 - set_theme --> theme
 - remove Compat from REQUIRE
- warning for DataFrames without StatPlots
+- warning for DataFrames without StatsPlots
 - closeall exported and implemented for gr/pyplot
 - fix DateTime recipe
 - reset theme with theme(:none)
@@ -453,8 +557,8 @@ Many updates, min julia 1.0
 #### 0.8.0

 - added dependency on PlotUtils
- BREAKING: removed DataFrames support (now in StatPlots.jl)
- BREAKING: removed boxplot/violin/density recipes (now in StatPlots.jl)
+- BREAKING: removed DataFrames support (now in StatsPlots.jl)
+- BREAKING: removed boxplot/violin/density recipes (now in StatsPlots.jl)
 - GR:
    - inline iterm2 support
    - trisurface support
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+name = "Plots"
+uuid = "91a5bcdd-55d7-5caf-9e0b-520d859cae80"
+author = ["Tom Breloff (@tbreloff)"]
+version = "1.0.0"
+
+[deps]
+Base64 = "2a0f44e3-6c83-55bd-87e4-b1978d98bd5f"
+Contour = "d38c429a-6771-53c6-b99e-75d170b6e991"
+Dates = "ade2ca70-3891-5945-98fb-dc099432e06a"
+FFMPEG = "c87230d0-a227-11e9-1b43-d7ebe4e7570a"
+FixedPointNumbers = "53c48c17-4a7d-5ca2-90c5-79b7896eea93"
+GR = "28b8d3ca-fb5f-59d9-8090-bfdbd6d07a71"
+GeometryTypes = "4d00f742-c7ba-57c2-abde-4428a4b178cb"
+JSON = "682c06a0-de6a-54ab-a142-c8b1cf79cde6"
+LinearAlgebra = "37e2e46d-f89d-539d-b4ee-838fcccc9c8e"
+Measures = "442fdcdd-2543-5da2-b0f3-8c86c306513e"
+NaNMath = "77ba4419-2d1f-58cd-9bb1-8ffee604a2e3"
+Pkg = "44cfe95a-1eb2-52ea-b672-e2afdf69b78f"
+PlotThemes = "ccf2f8ad-2431-5c83-bf29-c5338b663b6a"
+PlotUtils = "995b91a9-d308-5afd-9ec6-746e21dbc043"
+Printf = "de0858da-6303-5e67-8744-51eddeeeb8d7"
+REPL = "3fa0cd96-eef1-5676-8a61-b3b8758bbffb"
+Random = "9a3f8284-a2c9-5f02-9a11-845980a1fd5c"
+RecipesBase = "3cdcf5f2-1ef4-517c-9805-6587b60abb01"
+Reexport = "189a3867-3050-52da-a836-e630ba90ab69"
+Requires = "ae029012-a4dd-5104-9daa-d747884805df"
+Showoff = "992d4aef-0814-514b-bc4d-f2e9a6c4116f"
+SparseArrays = "2f01184e-e22b-5df5-ae63-d93ebab69eaf"
+Statistics = "10745b16-79ce-11e8-11f9-7d13ad32a3b2"
+StatsBase = "2913bbd2-ae8a-5f71-8c99-4fb6c76f3a91"
+UUIDs = "cf7118a7-6976-5b1a-9a39-7adc72f591a4"
+
+[compat]
+Contour = "0.5"
+FFMPEG = "0.2, 0.3"
+FixedPointNumbers = "0.6, 0.7, 0.8"
+GR = "0.46, 0.47, 0.48"
+GeometryTypes = "0.7, 0.8"
+JSON = "0.21"
+Measures = "0.3"
+NaNMath = "0.3"
+PGFPlotsX = "1.2.0"
+PlotThemes = "1"
+PlotUtils = "0.6.5"
+RecipesBase = "1"
+Reexport = "0.2"
+Requires = "0.5, 1.0"
+Showoff = "0.3.1"
+StatsBase = "0.32"
+julia = "1"
+
+[extras]
+FileIO = "5789e2e9-d7fb-5bc7-8068-2c6fae9b9549"
+GeometryTypes = "4d00f742-c7ba-57c2-abde-4428a4b178cb"
+Gtk = "4c0ca9eb-093a-5379-98c5-f87ac0bbbf44"
+ImageMagick = "6218d12a-5da1-5696-b52f-db25d2ecc6d1"
+Images = "916415d5-f1e6-5110-898d-aaa5f9f070e0"
+LibGit2 = "76f85450-5226-5b5a-8eaa-529ad045b433"
+OffsetArrays = "6fe1bfb0-de20-5000-8ca7-80f57d26f881"
+PGFPlotsX = "8314cec4-20b6-5062-9cdb-752b83310925"
+HDF5 = "f67ccb44-e63f-5c2f-98bd-6dc0ccc4ba2f"
+RDatasets = "ce6b1742-4840-55fa-b093-852dadbb1d8b"
+Random = "9a3f8284-a2c9-5f02-9a11-845980a1fd5c"
+StaticArrays = "90137ffa-7385-5640-81b9-e52037218182"
+StatsPlots = "f3b207a7-027a-5e70-b257-86293d7955fd"
+Test = "8dfed614-e22c-5e08-85e1-65c5234f0b40"
+UnicodePlots = "b8865327-cd53-5732-bb35-84acbb429228"
+VisualRegressionTests = "34922c18-7c2a-561c-bac1-01e79b2c4c92"
+
+[targets]
+test = ["FileIO", "GeometryTypes", "Gtk", "ImageMagick", "Images", "LibGit2", "OffsetArrays", "PGFPlotsX", "HDF5", "Random", "RDatasets", "StaticArrays", "StatsPlots", "Test", "UnicodePlots", "VisualRegressionTests"]
@@ -1,17 +1,30 @@
 # Plots

-[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/JuliaPlots/Plots.jl.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/JuliaPlots/Plots.jl)
-[![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/github/juliaplots/plots.jl?branch=master&svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/mkborregaard/plots-jl)
-[![Join the chat at https://gitter.im/tbreloff/Plots.jl](https://badges.gitter.im/tbreloff/Plots.jl.svg)](https://gitter.im/tbreloff/Plots.jl?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
-<a href="http://docs.juliaplots.org/latest/" target="_blank"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-latest-blue.svg" alt="Latest documentation"></a>
-<!-- [![Plots](http://pkg.julialang.org/badges/Plots_0.3.svg)](http://pkg.julialang.org/?pkg=Plots&ver=0.3) -->
-<!-- [![Plots](http://pkg.julialang.org/badges/Plots_0.4.svg)](http://pkg.julialang.org/?pkg=Plots&ver=0.4) -->
-<!-- [![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/tbreloff/Plots.jl/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://coveralls.io/r/tbreloff/Plots.jl?branch=master) -->
-<!-- [![codecov.io](http://codecov.io/github/tbreloff/Plots.jl/coverage.svg?branch=master)](http://codecov.io/github/tbreloff/Plots.jl?branch=master) -->
+[travis-img]: https://img.shields.io/travis/JuliaPlots/Plots.jl?logo=travis
+[travis-url]: https://travis-ci.org/JuliaPlots/Plots.jl
+
+[appveyor-img]: https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/github/juliaplots/plots.jl?branch=master&svg=true
+[appveyor-url]: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/mkborregaard/plots-jl
+
+[pkgeval-img]: https://juliaci.github.io/NanosoldierReports/pkgeval_badges/P/Plots.svg
+[pkgeval-url]: https://juliaci.github.io/NanosoldierReports/pkgeval_badges/report.html
+
+[gitter-img]: https://badges.gitter.im/tbreloff/Plots.jl.svg
+[gitter-url]: https://gitter.im/tbreloff/Plots.jl?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge
+
+[docs-img]: https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-stable-blue.svg
+[docs-url]: http://docs.juliaplots.org/latest/
+
+[![][travis-img]][travis-url]
+[![][appveyor-img]][appveyor-url]
+[![][pkgeval-img]][pkgeval-url]
+[![][gitter-img]][gitter-url]
+[![][docs-img]][docs-url]
+[![Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/JuliaPlots/Plots.jl/branch/master/graph/badge.svg)](https://codecov.io/gh/JuliaPlots/Plots.jl)

 #### Created by Tom Breloff (@tbreloff)

-#### Maintained by the [JuliaPlot members](https://github.com/orgs/JuliaPlots/people)
+#### Maintained by the [JuliaPlots members](https://github.com/orgs/JuliaPlots/people)

 Plots is a plotting API and toolset.  My goals with the package are:

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-julia 1.0
-
-RecipesBase 0.6.0
-PlotUtils 0.4.1
-PlotThemes 0.1.3
-Reexport
-StaticArrays 0.5
-FixedPointNumbers 0.3
-Measures
-Showoff
-StatsBase 0.14.0
-JSON
-NaNMath
-Requires
-Contour
-GR 0.35.0
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 environment:
  matrix:
-  # - julia_version: 0.7
+  - julia_version: 1.0
  - julia_version: 1
  - julia_version: nightly

@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ branches:
    - master
    - /release-.*/

+cache:
+  - '%USERPROFILE%\.julia\artifacts'
+
 notifications:
  - provider: Email
    on_build_success: false
@@ -29,7 +32,7 @@ install:
  - ps: iex ((new-object net.webclient).DownloadString("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/JuliaCI/Appveyor.jl/version-1/bin/install.ps1"))

 build_script:
-  - echo "%JL_BUILD_SCRIPT%"
+  - echo "%JL_TEST_SCRIPT%"
  - C:\julia\bin\julia -e "%JL_BUILD_SCRIPT%"

 test_script:
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+ignore:
+  - "src/backends/inspectdr.jl"
+  - "src/backends/orca.jl"
+  - "src/backends/pgfplots.jl"
+  - "src/backends/plotly.jl"
+  - "src/backends/plotlyjs.jl"
+  - "src/backends/pyplot.jl"
+  - "src/backends/web.jl"
+  - "src/fileio.jl"
+  - "src/ijulia.jl"
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# To figure out what should be precompiled, run this script, then move
+# precompile_Plots.jl in precompiles_path (see below) to src/precompile.jl
+
+# This script works by using SnoopCompile to log compilations that take place
+# while running the examples on the GR backend. So SnoopCompile must be
+# installed, and StatsPlots, RDatasets, and FileIO are also required for
+# certain examples.
+
+# If precompilation fails with an UndefVarError for a module, probably what is
+# happening is that the module appears in the precompile statements, but is
+# only visible to one of Plots' dependencies, and not Plots itself. Adding the
+# module to the blacklist below will remove these precompile statements.
+
+# Anonymous functions may appear in precompile statements as functions with
+# hashes in their name. Those of the form "#something##kw" have to do with
+# compiling functions with keyword arguments, and are named reproducibly, so
+# can be kept. Others generally will not work. Currently, SnoopCompile includes
+# some anonymous functions that not reproducible, but SnoopCompile PR #30
+# (which looks about to be merged) will ensure that anonymous functions are
+# actually defined before attempting to precompile them. Alternatively, we can
+# keep only the keyword argument related anonymous functions by changing the
+# regex that SnoopCompile uses to detect anonymous functions to
+# r"#{1,2}[^\"#]+#{1,2}\d+" (see anonrex in SnoopCompile.jl). To exclude all
+# precompile statements involving anonymous functions, "#" can also be added to
+# the blacklist below.
+
+using SnoopCompile
+
+project_flag = string("--project=", joinpath(homedir(), ".julia", "dev", "Plots"))
+log_path = joinpath(tempdir(), "compiles.log")
+precompiles_path = joinpath(tempdir(), "precompile")
+
+# run examples with GR backend, logging what needs to be compiled
+SnoopCompile.@snoopc project_flag log_path begin
+    using Plots
+    Plots.test_examples(:gr)
+    Plots.test_examples(:plotly, skip = Plots._backend_skips[:plotly])
+end
+
+# precompile calls containing the following strings are dropped
+blacklist = [
+    # functions defined in examples
+    "PlotExampleModule",
+    # the following are not visible to Plots, only its dependencies
+    "CategoricalArrays",
+    "FixedPointNumbers",
+    "SparseArrays",
+    r"#{1,2}[^\"#]+#{1,2}\d+",
+]
+
+data = SnoopCompile.read(log_path)
+pc = SnoopCompile.parcel(reverse!(data[2]), blacklist=blacklist)
+SnoopCompile.write(precompiles_path, pc)
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-git checkout master
-git merge --ff-only dev
-git push origin master
-git checkout dev
@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 module Plots

-_current_plots_version = v"0.20.6"
+const _current_plots_version = VersionNumber(split(first(filter(line -> occursin("version", line), readlines(normpath(@__DIR__, "..", "Project.toml")))), "\"")[2])

 using Reexport

-import StaticArrays
-using Dates, Printf, Statistics, Base64, LinearAlgebra
+import GeometryTypes
+using Dates, Printf, Statistics, Base64, LinearAlgebra, Random
 import SparseArrays: findnz

+using FFMPEG
+
@reexport using RecipesBase
-import RecipesBase: plot, plot!, animate
+import RecipesBase: plot, plot!, animate, is_explicit
 using Base.Meta
@reexport using PlotUtils
@reexport using PlotThemes
@@ -84,7 +86,6 @@ export
    backends,
    backend_name,
    backend_object,
-    add_backend,
    aliases,

    Shape,
@@ -180,103 +181,15 @@ include("arg_desc.jl")
 include("plotattr.jl")
 include("backends.jl")
 include("output.jl")
+include("ijulia.jl")
+include("fileio.jl")
 include("init.jl")

 include("backends/plotly.jl")
 include("backends/gr.jl")
 include("backends/web.jl")

-# ---------------------------------------------------------
-
-@shorthands scatter
-@shorthands bar
-@shorthands barh
-@shorthands histogram
-@shorthands barhist
-@shorthands stephist
-@shorthands scatterhist
-@shorthands histogram2d
-@shorthands density
-@shorthands heatmap
-@shorthands plots_heatmap
-@shorthands hexbin
-@shorthands sticks
-@shorthands hline
-@shorthands vline
-@shorthands hspan
-@shorthands vspan
-@shorthands ohlc
-@shorthands contour
-@shorthands contourf
-@shorthands contour3d
-@shorthands surface
-@shorthands wireframe
-@shorthands path3d
-@shorthands scatter3d
-@shorthands boxplot
-@shorthands violin
-@shorthands quiver
-@shorthands curves
-
-"Plot a pie diagram"
-pie(args...; kw...)        = plot(args...; kw...,  seriestype = :pie, aspect_ratio = :equal, grid=false, xticks=nothing, yticks=nothing)
-pie!(args...; kw...)       = plot!(args...; kw..., seriestype = :pie, aspect_ratio = :equal, grid=false, xticks=nothing, yticks=nothing)
-
-"Plot with seriestype :path3d"
-plot3d(args...; kw...)     = plot(args...; kw...,  seriestype = :path3d)
-plot3d!(args...; kw...)    = plot!(args...; kw..., seriestype = :path3d)
-
-"Add title to an existing plot"
-title!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                 = plot!(; title = s, kw...)
-
-"Add xlabel to an existing plot"
-xlabel!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                = plot!(; xlabel = s, kw...)
-
-"Add ylabel to an existing plot"
-ylabel!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                = plot!(; ylabel = s, kw...)
-
-"Set xlims for an existing plot"
-xlims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; xlims = lims, kw...)
-
-"Set ylims for an existing plot"
-ylims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; ylims = lims, kw...)
-
-"Set zlims for an existing plot"
-zlims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; zlims = lims, kw...)
-
-xlims!(xmin::Real, xmax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; xlims = (xmin,xmax), kw...)
-ylims!(ymin::Real, ymax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; ylims = (ymin,ymax), kw...)
-zlims!(zmin::Real, zmax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; zlims = (zmin,zmax), kw...)
-
-
-"Set xticks for an existing plot"
-xticks!(v::TicksArgs; kw...) where {T<:Real}                       = plot!(; xticks = v, kw...)
-
-"Set yticks for an existing plot"
-yticks!(v::TicksArgs; kw...) where {T<:Real}                       = plot!(; yticks = v, kw...)
-
-xticks!(
-ticks::AVec{T}, labels::AVec{S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:AbstractString}     = plot!(; xticks = (ticks,labels), kw...)
-yticks!(
-ticks::AVec{T}, labels::AVec{S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:AbstractString}     = plot!(; yticks = (ticks,labels), kw...)
-
-"Add annotations to an existing plot"
-annotate!(anns...; kw...)                                 = plot!(; annotation = anns, kw...)
-annotate!(anns::AVec{T}; kw...) where {T<:Tuple}                 = plot!(; annotation = anns, kw...)
-
-"Flip the current plots' x axis"
-xflip!(flip::Bool = true; kw...)                          = plot!(; xflip = flip, kw...)
-
-"Flip the current plots' y axis"
-yflip!(flip::Bool = true; kw...)                          = plot!(; yflip = flip, kw...)
-
-"Specify x axis attributes for an existing plot"
-xaxis!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; xaxis = args, kw...)
-
-"Specify x axis attributes for an existing plot"
-yaxis!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; yaxis = args, kw...)
-xgrid!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; xgrid = args, kw...)
-ygrid!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; ygrid = args, kw...)
+include("shorthands.jl")

 let PlotOrSubplot = Union{Plot, Subplot}
    global title!(plt::PlotOrSubplot, s::AbstractString; kw...)                  = plot!(plt; title = s, kw...)
@@ -309,4 +222,7 @@ end

 const CURRENT_BACKEND = CurrentBackend(:none)

+include("precompile.jl")
+_precompile_()
+
 end # module
@@ -60,31 +60,43 @@ end

 file_extension(fn) = Base.Filesystem.splitext(fn)[2][2:end]

-gif(anim::Animation, fn = giffn(); kw...) = buildanimation(anim.dir, fn; kw...)
-mov(anim::Animation, fn = movfn(); kw...) = buildanimation(anim.dir, fn, false; kw...)
-mp4(anim::Animation, fn = mp4fn(); kw...) = buildanimation(anim.dir, fn, false; kw...)
+gif(anim::Animation, fn = giffn(); kw...) = buildanimation(anim, fn; kw...)
+mov(anim::Animation, fn = movfn(); kw...) = buildanimation(anim, fn, false; kw...)
+mp4(anim::Animation, fn = mp4fn(); kw...) = buildanimation(anim, fn, false; kw...)

+ffmpeg_framerate(fps) = "$fps"
+ffmpeg_framerate(fps::Rational) = "$(fps.num)/$(fps.den)"

-function buildanimation(animdir::AbstractString, fn::AbstractString,
+function buildanimation(anim::Animation, fn::AbstractString,
                        is_animated_gif::Bool=true;
-                        fps::Integer = 20, loop::Integer = 0,
+                        fps::Real = 20, loop::Integer = 0,
                        variable_palette::Bool=false,
+                        verbose=false,
                        show_msg::Bool=true)
-    fn = abspath(fn)
+    if length(anim.frames) == 0
+        throw(ArgumentError("Cannot build empty animations"))
+    end
+
+    fn = abspath(expanduser(fn))
+    animdir = anim.dir
+    framerate = ffmpeg_framerate(fps)
+    verbose_level = (verbose isa Int ? verbose :
+                        verbose ? 32  # "info"
+                                : 16) # "error"

    if is_animated_gif
        if variable_palette
            # generate a colorpalette for each frame for highest quality, but larger filesize
            palette="palettegen=stats_mode=single[pal],[0:v][pal]paletteuse=new=1"
-            run(`ffmpeg -v 0 -framerate $fps -loop $loop -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -lavfi "$palette" -y $fn`)
+            ffmpeg_exe(`-v $verbose_level -framerate $framerate -loop $loop -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -lavfi "$palette" -y $fn`)
        else
            # generate a colorpalette first so ffmpeg does not have to guess it
-            run(`ffmpeg -v 0 -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -vf "palettegen=stats_mode=diff" -y "$(animdir)/palette.bmp"`)
+            ffmpeg_exe(`-v $verbose_level -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -vf "palettegen=stats_mode=diff" -y "$(animdir)/palette.bmp"`)
            # then apply the palette to get better results
-            run(`ffmpeg -v 0 -framerate $fps -loop $loop -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -i "$(animdir)/palette.bmp" -lavfi "paletteuse=dither=sierra2_4a" -y $fn`)
+            ffmpeg_exe(`-v $verbose_level -framerate $framerate -loop $loop -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -i "$(animdir)/palette.bmp" -lavfi "paletteuse=dither=sierra2_4a" -y $fn`)
        end
    else
-        run(`ffmpeg -v 0 -framerate $fps -loop $loop -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -pix_fmt yuv420p -y $fn`)
+        ffmpeg_exe(`-v $verbose_level -framerate $framerate -loop $loop -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -pix_fmt yuv420p -y $fn`)
    end

    show_msg && @info("Saved animation to ", fn)
@@ -93,16 +105,30 @@ end



-# write out html to view the gif... note the rand call which is a hack so the image doesn't get cached
+# write out html to view the gif
 function Base.show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", agif::AnimatedGif)
    ext = file_extension(agif.filename)
-    write(io, if ext == "gif"
-        "<img src=\"$(relpath(agif.filename))?$(rand())>\" />"
+    if ext == "gif"
+        html = "<img src=\"data:image/gif;base64," * base64encode(read(agif.filename)) * "\" />"
    elseif ext in ("mov", "mp4")
-        "<video controls><source src=\"$(relpath(agif.filename))?$(rand())>\" type=\"video/$ext\"></video>"
+        mimetype = ext == "mov" ? "video/quicktime" : "video/mp4"
+        html = "<video controls><source src=\"data:$mimetype;base64," *
+               base64encode(read(agif.filename)) *
+               "\" type = \"$mimetype\"></video>"
    else
        error("Cannot show animation with extension $ext: $agif")
-    end)
+    end
+
+    write(io, html)
+    return nothing
+end
+
+
+# Only gifs can be shown via image/gif
+Base.showable(::MIME"image/gif", agif::AnimatedGif) = file_extension(agif.filename) == "gif"
+
+function Base.show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/gif", agif::AnimatedGif)
+    open(fio-> write(io, fio), agif.filename)
 end


@@ -141,16 +167,16 @@ function _animate(forloop::Expr, args...; callgif = false)
    error("Unsupported animate filter: $args")
  end

-  push!(block.args, :(if $filterexpr; frame($animsym); end))
+  push!(block.args, :(if $filterexpr; Plots.frame($animsym); end))
  push!(block.args, :(global $countersym += 1))

  # add a final call to `gif(anim)`?
-  retval = callgif ? :(gif($animsym)) : animsym
+  retval = callgif ? :(Plots.gif($animsym)) : animsym

  # full expression:
  esc(quote
    $freqassert             # if filtering, check frequency is an Integer > 0
-    $animsym = Animation()  # init animation object
+    $animsym = Plots.Animation()  # init animation object
    global $countersym = 1         # init iteration counter
    $forloop                # for loop, saving a frame after each iteration
    $retval                 # return the animation object, or the gif
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 const _arg_desc = KW(

 # series args
-:label 				=> "String type. The label for a series, which appears in a legend.  If empty, no legend entry is added.",
+:label 			=> "String type. The label for a series, which appears in a legend.  If empty, no legend entry is added.",
 :seriescolor 		=> "Color Type. The base color for this series.  `:auto` (the default) will select a color from the subplot's `color_palette`, based on the order it was added to the subplot",
 :seriesalpha 		=> "Number in [0,1]. The alpha/opacity override for the series.  `nothing` (the default) means it will take the alpha value of the color.",
 :seriestype 		=> "Symbol. This is the identifier of the type of visualization for this series. Choose from $(_allTypes) or any series recipes which are defined.",
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :linewidth         	=> "Number. Width of the line (in pixels)",
 :linecolor         	=> "Color Type. Color of the line (for path and bar stroke).  `:match` will take the value from `:seriescolor`, (though histogram/bar types use `:black` as a default).",
 :linealpha         	=> "Number in [0,1]. The alpha/opacity override for the line.  `nothing` (the default) means it will take the alpha value of linecolor.",
-:fillrange         	=> "Number or AbstractVector.  Fills area from this to y for line-types, sets the base for bar/stick types, and similar for other types.",
+:fillrange         	=> "Number or AbstractVector.  Fills area between fillrange and y for line-types, sets the base for bar/stick types, and similar for other types.",
 :fillcolor         	=> "Color Type. Color of the filled area of path or bar types.  `:match` will take the value from `:seriescolor`.",
 :fillalpha         	=> "Number in [0,1]. The alpha/opacity override for the fill area.  `nothing` (the default) means it will take the alpha value of fillcolor.",
 :markershape       	=> "Symbol, Shape, or AbstractVector. Choose from $(_allMarkers).",
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :markerstrokewidth 	=> "Number. Width of the marker stroke (border. in pixels)",
 :markerstrokecolor 	=> "Color Type. Color of the marker stroke (border).  `:match` will take the value from `:foreground_color_subplot`.",
 :markerstrokealpha 	=> "Number in [0,1]. The alpha/opacity override for the marker stroke (border).  `nothing` (the default) means it will take the alpha value of markerstrokecolor.",
-:bins              	=> "Integer, NTuple{2,Integer}, AbstractVector or Symbol. Default is :auto (the Freedman-Diaconis rule). For histogram-types, defines the approximate number of bins to aim for, or the auto-binning algorithm to use (:sturges, :sqrt, :rice, :scott or :fd). For fine-grained control pass a Vector of break values, e.g. `range(min(x), stop = extrema(x), length = 25)`",
+:bins              	=> "Integer, NTuple{2,Integer}, AbstractVector or Symbol. Default is :auto (the Freedman-Diaconis rule). For histogram-types, defines the approximate number of bins to aim for, or the auto-binning algorithm to use (:sturges, :sqrt, :rice, :scott or :fd). For fine-grained control pass a Vector of break values, e.g. `range(minimum(x), stop = maximum(x), length = 25)`",
 :smooth            	=> "Bool.  Add a regression line?",
 :group             	=> "AbstractVector. Data is split into a separate series, one for each unique value in `group`.",
 :x                 	=> "Various. Input data. First Dimension",
@@ -29,26 +29,28 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :z                 	=> "Various. Input data. Third Dimension. May be wrapped by a `Surface` for surface and heatmap types.",
 :marker_z          	=> "AbstractVector, Function `f(x,y,z) -> z_value`, or Function `f(x,y) -> z_value`, or nothing. z-values for each series data point, which correspond to the color to be used from a markercolor gradient.",
 :line_z          	=> "AbstractVector, Function `f(x,y,z) -> z_value`, or Function `f(x,y) -> z_value`, or nothing. z-values for each series line segment, which correspond to the color to be used from a linecolor gradient.  Note that for N points, only the first N-1 values are used (one per line-segment).",
-:fill_z           => "Matrix{Float64} of the same size as z matrix, which specifies the color of the 3D surface; the default value is `nothing`.",
-:levels            	=> "Integer, NTuple{2,Integer}. Number of levels (or x-levels/y-levels) for a contour type.",
+:fill_z                 => "Matrix{Float64} of the same size as z matrix, which specifies the color of the 3D surface; the default value is `nothing`.",
+:levels            	=> "Integer, NTuple{2,Integer}, or AbstractVector. Levels or number of levels (or x-levels/y-levels) for a contour type.",
 :orientation       	=> "Symbol.  Horizontal or vertical orientation for bar types.  Values `:h`, `:hor`, `:horizontal` correspond to horizontal (sideways, anchored to y-axis), and `:v`, `:vert`, and `:vertical` correspond to vertical (the default).",
 :bar_position      	=> "Symbol.  Choose from `:overlay` (default), `:stack`.  (warning: May not be implemented fully)",
-:bar_width         	=> "nothing or Number. Width of bars in data coordinates. When nothing, chooses based on x (or y when `orientation = :h`).",
-:bar_edges         	=> "Bool.  Align bars to edges (true), or centers (the default)?",
-:xerror            	=> "AbstractVector or 2-Tuple of Vectors. x (horizontal) error relative to x-value.  If 2-tuple of vectors, the first vector corresponds to the left error (and the second to the right)",
+:bar_width              => "nothing or Number. Width of bars in data coordinates. When nothing, chooses based on x (or y when `orientation = :h`).",
+:bar_edges              => "Bool.  Align bars to edges (true), or centers (the default)?",
+:xerror                 => "AbstractVector or 2-Tuple of Vectors. x (horizontal) error relative to x-value.  If 2-tuple of vectors, the first vector corresponds to the left error (and the second to the right)",
 :yerror            	=> "AbstractVector or 2-Tuple of Vectors. y (vertical) error relative to y-value.  If 2-tuple of vectors, the first vector corresponds to the bottom error (and the second to the top)",
 :ribbon            	=> "Number or AbstractVector.  Creates a fillrange around the data points.",
 :quiver            	=> "AbstractVector or 2-Tuple of vectors.  The directional vectors U,V which specify velocity/gradient vectors for a quiver plot.",
 :arrow             	=> "nothing (no arrows), Bool (if true, default arrows), Arrow object, or arg(s) that could be style or head length/widths.  Defines arrowheads that should be displayed at the end of path line segments (just before a NaN and the last non-NaN point).  Used in quiverplot, streamplot, or similar.",
 :normalize         	=> "Bool or Symbol. Histogram normalization mode. Possible values are: false/:none (no normalization, default), true/:pdf (normalize to a discrete Probability Density Function, where the total area of the bins is 1), :probability (bin heights sum to 1) and :density (the area of each bin, rather than the height, is equal to the counts - useful for uneven bin sizes).",
 :weights           	=> "AbstractVector. Used in histogram types for weighted counts.",
+:show_empty_bins    => "Bool. Whether empty bins in a 2D histogram are colored as 0 (true), or transparent (the default).",
 :contours          	=> "Bool. Add contours to the side-grids of 3D plots?  Used in surface/wireframe.",
-:contour_labels     => "Bool. Show labels at the contour lines?",
+:contour_labels         => "Bool. Show labels at the contour lines?",
 :match_dimensions  	=> "Bool. For heatmap types... should the first dimension of a matrix (rows) correspond to the first dimension of the plot (x-axis)?  The default is false, which matches the behavior of Matplotlib, Plotly, and others.  Note: when passing a function for z, the function should still map `(x,y) -> z`.",
 :subplot           	=> "Integer (subplot index) or Subplot object.  The subplot that this series belongs to.",
-:series_annotations => "AbstractVector of String or PlotText.  These are annotations which are mapped to data points/positions.",
-:primary            => "Bool.  Does this count as a 'real series'?  For example, you could have a path (primary), and a scatter (secondary) as 2 separate series, maybe with different data (see sticks recipe for an example).  The secondary series will get the same color, etc as the primary.",
-:hover 				=> "nothing or vector of strings. Text to display when hovering over each data point.",
+:series_annotations     => "AbstractVector of String or PlotText.  These are annotations which are mapped to data points/positions.",
+:primary                => "Bool.  Does this count as a 'real series'?  For example, you could have a path (primary), and a scatter (secondary) as 2 separate series, maybe with different data (see sticks recipe for an example).  The secondary series will get the same color, etc as the primary.",
+:hover 	        	=> "nothing or vector of strings. Text to display when hovering over each data point.",
+:colorbar_entry   => "Bool.  Include this series in the color bar?  Set to `false` to exclude.",

 # plot args
 :plot_title               => "String. Title for the whole plot (not the subplots) (Note: Not currently implemented)",
@@ -63,11 +65,12 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :link                     => "Symbol.  How/whether to link axis limits between subplots. Values: `:none`, `:x` (x axes are linked by columns), `:y` (y axes are linked by rows), `:both` (x and y are linked), `:all` (every subplot is linked together regardless of layout position).",
 :overwrite_figure         => "Bool.  Should we reuse the same GUI window/figure when plotting (true) or open a new one (false).",
 :html_output_format       => "Symbol.  When writing html output, what is the format?  `:png` and `:svg` are currently supported.",
-:inset_subplots 		  => "nothing or vector of 2-tuple (parent,bbox).  optionally pass a vector of (parent,bbox) tuples which are the parent layout and the relative bounding box of inset subplots",
-:dpi 					  => "Number.  Dots Per Inch of output figures",
+:tex_output_standalone    => "Bool. When writing tex output, should the source include a preamble for a standalone document class.",
+:inset_subplots           => "nothing or vector of 2-tuple (parent,bbox).  optionally pass a vector of (parent,bbox) tuples which are the parent layout and the relative bounding box of inset subplots",
+:dpi 			  => "Number.  Dots Per Inch of output figures",
 :thickness_scaling        => "Number. Scale for the thickness of all line elements like lines, borders, axes, grid lines, ... defaults to 1.",
-:display_type 			  => "Symbol (`:auto`, `:gui`, or `:inline`).  When supported, `display` will either open a GUI window or plot inline.",
-:extra_kwargs 			  => "KW (Dict{Symbol,Any}).  Pass a map of extra keyword args which may be specific to a backend.",
+:display_type             => "Symbol (`:auto`, `:gui`, or `:inline`).  When supported, `display` will either open a GUI window or plot inline.",
+:extra_kwargs 	          => "KW (Dict{Symbol,Any}).  Pass a map of extra keyword args which may be specific to a backend.",
 :fontfamily               => "String or Symbol.  Default font family for title, legend entries, tick labels and guides",

 # subplot args
@@ -86,19 +89,26 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :foreground_color_legend  => "Color Type or `:match` (matches `:foreground_color_subplot`).  Foreground color of the legend.",
 :foreground_color_title   => "Color Type or `:match` (matches `:foreground_color_subplot`). Color of subplot title.",
 :color_palette            => "Vector of colors (cycle through) or color gradient (generate list from gradient) or `:auto` (generate a color list using `Colors.distiguishable_colors` and custom seed colors chosen to contrast with the background).  The color palette is a color list from which series colors are automatically chosen.",
-:legend                   => "Bool (show the legend?) or Symbol (legend position).  Symbol values: `:none`, `:best`, `:right`, `:left`, `:top`, `:bottom`, `:inside`, `:legend`, `:topright`, `:topleft`, `:bottomleft`, `:bottomright` (note: only some may be supported in each backend)",
+:legend                   => "Bool (show the legend?) or Symbol (legend position).  Symbol values: `:none`, `:best`, `:right`, `:left`, `:top`, `:bottom`, `:inside`, `:legend`, `:topright`, `:topleft`, `:bottomleft`, `:bottomright` , `:inline` (note: only some may be supported in each backend)",
 :legendfontfamily         => "String or Symbol. Font family of legend entries.",
 :legendfontsize           => "Integer. Font pointsize of legend entries.",
 :legendfonthalign         => "Symbol. Font horizontal alignment of legend entries: :hcenter, :left, :right or :center",
 :legendfontvalign         => "Symbol. Font vertical alignment of legend entries: :vcenter, :top, :bottom or :center",
 :legendfontrotation       => "Real. Font rotation of legend entries",
 :legendfontcolor          => "Color Type. Font color of legend entries",
+:legendtitlefontfamily    => "String or Symbol. Font family of the legend title.",
+:legendtitlefontsize           => "Integer. Font pointsize the legend title.",
+:legendtitlefonthalign         => "Symbol. Font horizontal alignment of the legend title: :hcenter, :left, :right or :center",
+:legendtitlefontvalign         => "Symbol. Font vertical alignment of the legend title: :vcenter, :top, :bottom or :center",
+:legendtitlefontrotation       => "Real. Font rotation of the legend title",
+:legendtitlefontcolor          => "Color Type. Font color of the legend title",
 :colorbar                 => "Bool (show the colorbar?) or Symbol (colorbar position).  Symbol values: `:none`, `:best`, `:right`, `:left`, `:top`, `:bottom`, `:legend` (matches legend value) (note: only some may be supported in each backend)",
 :clims 					  => "`:auto` or NTuple{2,Number}.  Fixes the limits of the colorbar.",
 :legendfont               => "Font. Font of legend items.",
+:legendtitlefont          => "Font. Font of the legend title.",
 :annotations              => "(x,y,text) tuple(s).  Can be a single tuple or a list of them.  Text can be String or PlotText (created with `text(args...)`)  Add one-off text annotations at the x,y coordinates.",
 :projection               => "Symbol or String.  '3d' or 'polar'",
-:aspect_ratio             => "Symbol (:equal) or Number. Plot area is resized so that 1 y-unit is the same size as `apect_ratio` x-units.",
+:aspect_ratio             => "Symbol (:equal) or Number. Plot area is resized so that 1 y-unit is the same size as `aspect_ratio` x-units.",
 :margin                   => "Measure (multiply by `mm`, `px`, etc). Base for individual margins... not directly used.  Specifies the extra padding around subplots.",
 :left_margin              => "Measure (multiply by `mm`, `px`, etc) or `:match` (matches `:margin`).  Specifies the extra padding to the left of the subplot.",
 :top_margin               => "Measure (multiply by `mm`, `px`, etc) or `:match` (matches `:margin`).  Specifies the extra padding on the top of the subplot.",
@@ -110,14 +120,14 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :camera                   => "NTuple{2, Real}. Sets the view angle (azimuthal, elevation) for 3D plots",

 # axis args
-:guide     				  => "String. Axis guide (label).",
+:guide     		  => "String. Axis guide (label).",
 :guide_position		  => "Symbol. Position of axis guides: :top, :bottom, :left or :right",
-:lims      				  => "NTuple{2,Number} or Symbol. Force axis limits.  Only finite values are used (you can set only the right limit with `xlims = (-Inf, 2)` for example). `:round` widens the limit to the nearest round number ie. [0.1,3.6]=>[0.0,4.0]",
-:ticks     				  => "Vector of numbers (set the tick values), Tuple of (tickvalues, ticklabels), or `:auto`",
-:scale     				  => "Symbol. Scale of the axis: `:none`, `:ln`, `:log2`, `:log10`",
-:rotation  				  => "Number. Degrees rotation of tick labels.",
-:flip      				  => "Bool.  Should we flip (reverse) the axis?",
-:formatter 				  => "Function, :scientific, :plain or :auto. A method which converts a number to a string for tick labeling.",
+:lims      		  => "NTuple{2,Number} or Symbol. Force axis limits.  Only finite values are used (you can set only the right limit with `xlims = (-Inf, 2)` for example). `:round` widens the limit to the nearest round number ie. [0.1,3.6]=>[0.0,4.0]",
+:ticks     		  => "Vector of numbers (set the tick values), Tuple of (tickvalues, ticklabels), or `:auto`",
+:scale     		  => "Symbol. Scale of the axis: `:none`, `:ln`, `:log2`, `:log10`",
+:rotation  		  => "Number. Degrees rotation of tick labels.",
+:flip      		  => "Bool.  Should we flip (reverse) the axis?",
+:formatter                => "Function, :scientific, :plain or :auto. A method which converts a number to a string for tick labeling.",
 :tickfontfamily           => "String or Symbol. Font family of tick labels.",
 :tickfontsize             => "Integer. Font pointsize of tick labels.",
 :tickfonthalign           => "Symbol. Font horizontal alignment of tick labels: :hcenter, :left, :right or :center",
@@ -149,4 +159,5 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :tick_direction           => "Symbol.  Direction of the ticks. `:in` or `:out`",
 :showaxis                 => "Bool, Symbol or String.  Show the axis. `true`, `false`, `:show`, `:hide`, `:yes`, `:no`, `:x`, `:y`, `:z`, `:xy`, ..., `:all`, `:off`",
 :widen                    => "Bool. Widen the axis limits by a small factor to avoid cut-off markers and lines at the borders. Defaults to `true`.",
+:draw_arrow               => "Bool. Draw arrow at the end of the axis.",
 )
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ like_surface(seriestype::Symbol)   = seriestype in _surface_like

 is3d(seriestype::Symbol) = seriestype in _3dTypes
 is3d(series::Series) = is3d(series.plotattributes)
-is3d(plotattributes::KW) = trueOrAllTrue(is3d, Symbol(plotattributes[:seriestype]))
+is3d(plotattributes::AKW) = trueOrAllTrue(is3d, Symbol(plotattributes[:seriestype]))

 is3d(sp::Subplot) = string(sp.attr[:projection]) == "3d"
 ispolar(sp::Subplot) = string(sp.attr[:projection]) == "polar"
@@ -232,6 +232,7 @@ const _bar_width = 0.8

 const _series_defaults = KW(
    :label             => "AUTO",
+    :colorbar_entry    => true,
    :seriescolor       => :auto,
    :seriesalpha       => nothing,
    :seriestype        => :path,
@@ -271,6 +272,7 @@ const _series_defaults = KW(
    :arrow             => nothing,   # allows for adding arrows to line/path... call `arrow(args...)`
    :normalize         => false,     # do we want a normalized histogram?
    :weights           => nothing,   # optional weights for histograms (1D and 2D)
+    :show_empty_bins   => false,     # should empty bins in 2D histogram be colored as zero (otherwise they are transparent)
    :contours          => false,     # add contours to 3d surface and wireframe plots
    :contour_labels    => false,
    :match_dimensions  => false,     # do rows match x (true) or y (false) for heatmap/image/spy? see issue 196
@@ -298,6 +300,7 @@ const _plot_defaults = KW(
    :link                        => :none,
    :overwrite_figure            => true,
    :html_output_format          => :auto,
+    :tex_output_standalone       => false,
    :inset_subplots              => nothing,   # optionally pass a vector of (parent,bbox) tuples which are
                                               # the parent layout and the relative bounding box of inset subplots
    :dpi                         => DPI,        # dots per inch for images, etc
@@ -334,9 +337,15 @@ const _subplot_defaults = KW(
    :legendfontvalign         => :vcenter,
    :legendfontrotation       => 0.0,
    :legendfontcolor          => :match,
+    :legendtitlefontfamily    => :match,
+    :legendtitlefontsize      => 11,
+    :legendtitlefonthalign    => :hcenter,
+    :legendtitlefontvalign    => :vcenter,
+    :legendtitlefontrotation  => 0.0,
+    :legendtitlefontcolor     => :match,
    :annotations              => [],                # annotation tuples... list of (x,y,annotation)
    :projection               => :none,             # can also be :polar or :3d
-    :aspect_ratio             => :none,             # choose from :none or :equal
+    :aspect_ratio             => :auto,             # choose from :none or :equal
    :margin                   => 1mm,
    :left_margin              => :match,
    :top_margin               => :match,
@@ -390,6 +399,7 @@ const _axis_defaults = KW(
    :minorgrid                => false,
    :showaxis                 => true,
    :widen                    => true,
+    :draw_arrow               => false,
 )

 const _suppress_warnings = Set{Symbol}([
@@ -408,37 +418,26 @@ const _suppress_warnings = Set{Symbol}([

 # add defaults for the letter versions
 const _axis_defaults_byletter = KW()
-for letter in (:x,:y,:z)
-    for k in keys(_axis_defaults)
-    # for k in (
-    #             :guide,
-    #             :lims,
-    #             :ticks,
-    #             :scale,
-    #             :rotation,
-    #             :flip,
-    #             :link,
-    #             :tickfont,
-    #             :guidefont,
-    #             :foreground_color_axis,
-    #             :foreground_color_border,
-    #             :foreground_color_text,
-    #             :foreground_color_guide,
-    #             :discrete_values,
-    #             :formatter,
-    #         )
-        _axis_defaults_byletter[Symbol(letter,k)] = :match

-        # allow the underscore version too: xguide or x_guide
-        add_aliases(Symbol(letter, k), Symbol(letter, "_", k))
+function reset_axis_defaults_byletter!()
+    for letter in (:x,:y,:z)
+        _axis_defaults_byletter[letter] = KW()
+        for (k,v) in _axis_defaults
+            _axis_defaults_byletter[letter][k] = v
+        end
    end
 end
+reset_axis_defaults_byletter!()
+
+for letter in (:x,:y,:z), k in keys(_axis_defaults)
+    # allow the underscore version too: xguide or x_guide
+    add_aliases(Symbol(letter, k), Symbol(letter, "_", k))
+end

 const _all_defaults = KW[
    _series_defaults,
    _plot_defaults,
-    _subplot_defaults,
-    _axis_defaults_byletter
+    _subplot_defaults
 ]

 const _initial_defaults = deepcopy(_all_defaults)
@@ -447,12 +446,37 @@ const _initial_axis_defaults = deepcopy(_axis_defaults)
 # to be able to reset font sizes to initial values
 const _initial_fontsizes = Dict(:titlefontsize  => _subplot_defaults[:titlefontsize],
                                :legendfontsize => _subplot_defaults[:legendfontsize],
+                                :legendtitlefontsize => _subplot_defaults[:legendtitlefontsize],
                                :tickfontsize   => _axis_defaults[:tickfontsize],
                                :guidefontsize  => _axis_defaults[:guidefontsize])

-const _all_args = sort(collect(union(map(keys, _all_defaults)...)))
+const _internal_args =
+    [:plot_object, :series_plotindex, :markershape_to_add, :letter, :idxfilter]
+
+const _axis_args = sort(union(collect(keys(_axis_defaults))))
+const _series_args = sort(union(collect(keys(_series_defaults))))
+const _subplot_args = sort(union(collect(keys(_subplot_defaults))))
+const _plot_args = sort(union(collect(keys(_plot_defaults))))
+
+const _magic_axis_args = [:axis, :tickfont, :guidefont, :grid, :minorgrid]
+const _magic_subplot_args = [:titlefont, :legendfont, :legendtitlefont, ]
+const _magic_series_args = [:line, :marker, :fill]
+
+const _all_axis_args = sort(union([_axis_args; _magic_axis_args]))
+const _all_subplot_args = sort(union([_subplot_args; _magic_subplot_args]))
+const _all_series_args = sort(union([_series_args; _magic_series_args]))
+const _all_plot_args = _plot_args
+
+const _all_args =
+    sort([_all_axis_args; _all_subplot_args; _all_series_args; _all_plot_args])
+
+is_subplot_attr(k) = k in _all_subplot_args
+is_series_attr(k) = k in _all_series_args
+is_axis_attr(k) = Symbol(chop(string(k); head=1, tail=0)) in _all_axis_args
+is_axis_attr_noletter(k) = k in _all_axis_args

 RecipesBase.is_key_supported(k::Symbol) = is_attr_supported(k)
+is_default_attribute(k) = k in _internal_args || k in _all_args || is_axis_attr_noletter(k)

 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

@@ -464,7 +488,7 @@ autopick(notarr, idx::Integer) = notarr
 autopick_ignore_none_auto(arr::AVec, idx::Integer) = autopick(setdiff(arr, [:none, :auto]), idx)
 autopick_ignore_none_auto(notarr, idx::Integer) = notarr

-function aliasesAndAutopick(plotattributes::KW, sym::Symbol, aliases::Dict{Symbol,Symbol}, options::AVec, plotIndex::Int)
+function aliasesAndAutopick(plotattributes::AKW, sym::Symbol, aliases::Dict{Symbol,Symbol}, options::AVec, plotIndex::Int)
    if plotattributes[sym] == :auto
        plotattributes[sym] = autopick_ignore_none_auto(options, plotIndex)
    elseif haskey(aliases, plotattributes[sym])
@@ -571,6 +595,7 @@ add_aliases(:xerror, :xerr, :xerrorbar)
 add_aliases(:yerror, :yerr, :yerrorbar, :err, :errorbar)
 add_aliases(:quiver, :velocity, :quiver2d, :gradient, :vectorfield)
 add_aliases(:normalize, :norm, :normed, :normalized)
+add_aliases(:show_empty_bins, :showemptybins, :showempty, :show_empty)
 add_aliases(:aspect_ratio, :aspectratio, :axis_ratio, :axisratio, :ratio)
 add_aliases(:match_dimensions, :transpose, :transpose_z)
 add_aliases(:subplot, :sp, :subplt, :splt)
@@ -599,6 +624,16 @@ end

 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

+function parse_axis_kw(s::Symbol)
+    s = string(s)
+    for letter in ('x', 'y', 'z')
+        if startswith(s, letter)
+            return (Symbol(letter), Symbol(chop(s, head=1, tail=0)))
+        end
+    end
+    return nothing
+end
+
 # update the defaults globally

 """
@@ -617,6 +652,11 @@ function default(k::Symbol)
    if haskey(_axis_defaults, k)
        return _axis_defaults[k]
    end
+    if (axis_k = parse_axis_kw(k)) !== nothing
+        letter, key = axis_k
+        return _axis_defaults_byletter[letter][key]
+    end
+    k == :letter && return k # for type recipe processing
    k in _suppress_warnings || error("Unknown key: ", k)
 end

@@ -632,6 +672,11 @@ function default(k::Symbol, v)
        _axis_defaults[k] = v
        return v
    end
+    if (axis_k = parse_axis_kw(k)) !== nothing
+        letter, key = axis_k
+        _axis_defaults_byletter[letter][key] = v
+        return v
+    end
    k in _suppress_warnings || error("Unknown key: ", k)
 end

@@ -643,19 +688,20 @@ function default(; kw...)
    end
 end

-function default(plotattributes::KW, k::Symbol)
+function default(plotattributes::AKW, k::Symbol)
    get(plotattributes, k, default(k))
 end

 function reset_defaults()
    foreach(merge!, _all_defaults, _initial_defaults)
    merge!(_axis_defaults, _initial_axis_defaults)
+    reset_axis_defaults_byletter!()
 end

 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 # if arg is a valid color value, then set plotattributes[csym] and return true
-function handleColors!(plotattributes::KW, arg, csym::Symbol)
+function handleColors!(plotattributes::AKW, arg, csym::Symbol)
    try
        if arg == :auto
            plotattributes[csym] = :auto
@@ -672,7 +718,7 @@ end



-function processLineArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
+function processLineArg(plotattributes::AKW, arg)
    # seriestype
    if allLineTypes(arg)
        plotattributes[:seriestype] = arg
@@ -682,15 +728,15 @@ function processLineArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
        plotattributes[:linestyle] = arg

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Stroke
-        arg.width == nothing || (plotattributes[:linewidth] = arg.width)
-        arg.color == nothing || (plotattributes[:linecolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
-        arg.alpha == nothing || (plotattributes[:linealpha] = arg.alpha)
-        arg.style == nothing || (plotattributes[:linestyle] = arg.style)
+        arg.width === nothing || (plotattributes[:linewidth] = arg.width)
+        arg.color === nothing || (plotattributes[:linecolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
+        arg.alpha === nothing || (plotattributes[:linealpha] = arg.alpha)
+        arg.style === nothing || (plotattributes[:linestyle] = arg.style)

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Brush
-        arg.size  == nothing || (plotattributes[:fillrange] = arg.size)
-        arg.color == nothing || (plotattributes[:fillcolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
-        arg.alpha == nothing || (plotattributes[:fillalpha] = arg.alpha)
+        arg.size  === nothing || (plotattributes[:fillrange] = arg.size)
+        arg.color === nothing || (plotattributes[:fillcolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
+        arg.alpha === nothing || (plotattributes[:fillalpha] = arg.alpha)

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Arrow || arg in (:arrow, :arrows)
        plotattributes[:arrow] = arg
@@ -711,7 +757,7 @@ function processLineArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
 end


-function processMarkerArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
+function processMarkerArg(plotattributes::AKW, arg)
    # markershape
    if allShapes(arg)
        plotattributes[:markershape] = arg
@@ -721,20 +767,24 @@ function processMarkerArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
        plotattributes[:markerstrokestyle] = arg

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Stroke
-        arg.width == nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokewidth] = arg.width)
-        arg.color == nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
-        arg.alpha == nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokealpha] = arg.alpha)
-        arg.style == nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokestyle] = arg.style)
+        arg.width === nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokewidth] = arg.width)
+        arg.color === nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
+        arg.alpha === nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokealpha] = arg.alpha)
+        arg.style === nothing || (plotattributes[:markerstrokestyle] = arg.style)

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Brush
-        arg.size  == nothing || (plotattributes[:markersize]  = arg.size)
-        arg.color == nothing || (plotattributes[:markercolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
-        arg.alpha == nothing || (plotattributes[:markeralpha] = arg.alpha)
+        arg.size  === nothing || (plotattributes[:markersize]  = arg.size)
+        arg.color === nothing || (plotattributes[:markercolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
+        arg.alpha === nothing || (plotattributes[:markeralpha] = arg.alpha)

    # linealpha
    elseif allAlphas(arg)
        plotattributes[:markeralpha] = arg

+    # bool
+    elseif typeof(arg) <: Bool
+        plotattributes[:markershape] = arg ? :circle : :none
+
    # markersize
    elseif allReals(arg)
        plotattributes[:markersize] = arg
@@ -747,12 +797,12 @@ function processMarkerArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
 end


-function processFillArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
+function processFillArg(plotattributes::AKW, arg)
    # fr = get(plotattributes, :fillrange, 0)
    if typeof(arg) <: Brush
-        arg.size  == nothing || (plotattributes[:fillrange] = arg.size)
-        arg.color == nothing || (plotattributes[:fillcolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
-        arg.alpha == nothing || (plotattributes[:fillalpha] = arg.alpha)
+        arg.size  === nothing || (plotattributes[:fillrange] = arg.size)
+        arg.color === nothing || (plotattributes[:fillcolor] = arg.color == :auto ? :auto : plot_color(arg.color))
+        arg.alpha === nothing || (plotattributes[:fillalpha] = arg.alpha)

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Bool
        plotattributes[:fillrange] = arg ? 0 : nothing
@@ -770,7 +820,6 @@ function processFillArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
        plotattributes[:fillrange] = arg

    elseif !handleColors!(plotattributes, arg, :fillcolor)
-
        plotattributes[:fillrange] = arg
    end
    # plotattributes[:fillrange] = fr
@@ -778,7 +827,7 @@ function processFillArg(plotattributes::KW, arg)
 end


-function processGridArg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter)
+function processGridArg!(plotattributes::AKW, arg, letter)
    if arg in _allGridArgs || isa(arg, Bool)
        plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :grid)] = hasgrid(arg, letter)

@@ -786,10 +835,10 @@ function processGridArg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter)
        plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :gridstyle)] = arg

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Stroke
-        arg.width == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :gridlinewidth)] = arg.width)
-        arg.color == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :foreground_color_grid)] = arg.color in (:auto, :match) ? :match : plot_color(arg.color))
-        arg.alpha == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :gridalpha)] = arg.alpha)
-        arg.style == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :gridstyle)] = arg.style)
+        arg.width === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :gridlinewidth)] = arg.width)
+        arg.color === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :foreground_color_grid)] = arg.color in (:auto, :match) ? :match : plot_color(arg.color))
+        arg.alpha === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :gridalpha)] = arg.alpha)
+        arg.style === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :gridstyle)] = arg.style)

    # linealpha
    elseif allAlphas(arg)
@@ -806,7 +855,7 @@ function processGridArg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter)
    end
 end

-function processMinorGridArg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter)
+function processMinorGridArg!(plotattributes::AKW, arg, letter)
    if arg in _allGridArgs || isa(arg, Bool)
        plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgrid)] = hasgrid(arg, letter)

@@ -815,10 +864,10 @@ function processMinorGridArg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter)
        plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgrid)] = true

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Stroke
-        arg.width == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgridlinewidth)] = arg.width)
-        arg.color == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :foreground_color_minor_grid)] = arg.color in (:auto, :match) ? :match : plot_color(arg.color))
-        arg.alpha == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgridalpha)] = arg.alpha)
-        arg.style == nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgridstyle)] = arg.style)
+        arg.width === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgridlinewidth)] = arg.width)
+        arg.color === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :foreground_color_minor_grid)] = arg.color in (:auto, :match) ? :match : plot_color(arg.color))
+        arg.alpha === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgridalpha)] = arg.alpha)
+        arg.style === nothing || (plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgridstyle)] = arg.style)
        plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :minorgrid)] = true

    # linealpha
@@ -839,7 +888,7 @@ function processMinorGridArg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter)
    end
 end

-function processFontArg!(plotattributes::KW, fontname::Symbol, arg)
+function processFontArg!(plotattributes::AKW, fontname::Symbol, arg)
    T = typeof(arg)
    if T <: Font
        plotattributes[Symbol(fontname, :family)] = arg.family
@@ -876,7 +925,7 @@ _replace_markershape(shape::Symbol) = get(_markerAliases, shape, shape)
 _replace_markershape(shapes::AVec) = map(_replace_markershape, shapes)
 _replace_markershape(shape) = shape

-function _add_markershape(plotattributes::KW)
+function _add_markershape(plotattributes::AKW)
    # add the markershape if it needs to be added... hack to allow "m=10" to add a shape,
    # and still allow overriding in _apply_recipe
    ms = pop!(plotattributes, :markershape_to_add, :none)
@@ -886,27 +935,11 @@ function _add_markershape(plotattributes::KW)
 end

 "Handle all preprocessing of args... break out colors/sizes/etc and replace aliases."
-function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
+function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::AKW)
    replaceAliases!(plotattributes, _keyAliases)

-    # clear all axis stuff
-    # if haskey(plotattributes, :axis) && plotattributes[:axis] in (:none, nothing, false)
-    #     plotattributes[:ticks] = nothing
-    #     plotattributes[:foreground_color_border] = RGBA(0,0,0,0)
-    #     plotattributes[:foreground_color_axis] = RGBA(0,0,0,0)
-    #     plotattributes[:grid] = false
-    #     delete!(plotattributes, :axis)
-    # end
-    # for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
-    #     asym = Symbol(letter, :axis)
-    #     if haskey(plotattributes, asym) || plotattributes[asym] in (:none, nothing, false)
-    #         plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :ticks)] = nothing
-    #         plotattributes[Symbol(letter, :foreground_color_border)] = RGBA(0,0,0,0)
-    #     end
-    # end
-
    # handle axis args common to all axis
-    args = pop!(plotattributes, :axis, ())
+    args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, :axis, ())
    for arg in wraptuple(args)
        for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
            process_axis_arg!(plotattributes, arg, letter)
@@ -915,7 +948,7 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
    # handle axis args
    for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
        asym = Symbol(letter, :axis)
-        args = pop!(plotattributes, asym, ())
+        args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, asym, ())
        if !(typeof(args) <: Axis)
            for arg in wraptuple(args)
                process_axis_arg!(plotattributes, arg, letter)
@@ -923,8 +956,17 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
        end
    end

+    # vline accesses the y argument but actually maps it to the x axis.
+    # Hence, we have to swap formatters
+    if get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :path) == :vline
+        xformatter = get(plotattributes, :xformatter, :auto)
+        yformatter = get(plotattributes, :yformatter, :auto)
+        plotattributes[:xformatter] = yformatter
+        plotattributes[:yformatter] = xformatter
+    end
+
    # handle grid args common to all axes
-    args = pop!(plotattributes, :grid, ())
+    args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, :grid, ())
    for arg in wraptuple(args)
        for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
            processGridArg!(plotattributes, arg, letter)
@@ -933,13 +975,13 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
    # handle individual axes grid args
    for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
        gridsym = Symbol(letter, :grid)
-        args = pop!(plotattributes, gridsym, ())
+        args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, gridsym, ())
        for arg in wraptuple(args)
            processGridArg!(plotattributes, arg, letter)
        end
    end
    # handle minor grid args common to all axes
-    args = pop!(plotattributes, :minorgrid, ())
+    args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, :minorgrid, ())
    for arg in wraptuple(args)
        for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
            processMinorGridArg!(plotattributes, arg, letter)
@@ -948,21 +990,14 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
    # handle individual axes grid args
    for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
        gridsym = Symbol(letter, :minorgrid)
-        args = pop!(plotattributes, gridsym, ())
+        args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, gridsym, ())
        for arg in wraptuple(args)
            processMinorGridArg!(plotattributes, arg, letter)
        end
    end
-    # fonts
-    for fontname in (:titlefont, :legendfont)
-        args = pop!(plotattributes, fontname, ())
-        for arg in wraptuple(args)
-            processFontArg!(plotattributes, fontname, arg)
-        end
-    end
    # handle font args common to all axes
    for fontname in (:tickfont, :guidefont)
-        args = pop!(plotattributes, fontname, ())
+        args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, fontname, ())
        for arg in wraptuple(args)
            for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
                processFontArg!(plotattributes, Symbol(letter, fontname), arg)
@@ -972,15 +1007,35 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
    # handle individual axes font args
    for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
        for fontname in (:tickfont, :guidefont)
-            args = pop!(plotattributes, Symbol(letter, fontname), ())
+            args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, Symbol(letter, fontname), ())
            for arg in wraptuple(args)
                processFontArg!(plotattributes, Symbol(letter, fontname), arg)
            end
        end
    end
+    # handle axes args
+    for k in _axis_args
+        if haskey(plotattributes, k)
+            v = plotattributes[k]
+            for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
+                lk = Symbol(letter, k)
+                if !is_explicit(plotattributes, lk)
+                    plotattributes[lk] = v
+                end
+            end
+        end
+    end
+
+    # fonts
+    for fontname in (:titlefont, :legendfont, :legendtitlefont)
+        args = pop_kw!(plotattributes, fontname, ())
+        for arg in wraptuple(args)
+            processFontArg!(plotattributes, fontname, arg)
+        end
+    end

    # handle line args
-    for arg in wraptuple(pop!(plotattributes, :line, ()))
+    for arg in wraptuple(pop_kw!(plotattributes, :line, ()))
        processLineArg(plotattributes, arg)
    end

@@ -994,7 +1049,7 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
        processMarkerArg(plotattributes, arg)
        anymarker = true
    end
-    delete!(plotattributes, :marker)
+    reset_kw!(plotattributes, :marker)
    if haskey(plotattributes, :markershape)
        plotattributes[:markershape] = _replace_markershape(plotattributes[:markershape])
        if plotattributes[:markershape] == :none && plotattributes[:seriestype] in (:scatter, :scatterbins, :scatterhist, :scatter3d) #the default should be :auto, not :none, so that :none can be set explicitly and would be respected
@@ -1008,7 +1063,7 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
    for arg in wraptuple(get(plotattributes, :fill, ()))
        processFillArg(plotattributes, arg)
    end
-    delete!(plotattributes, :fill)
+    reset_kw!(plotattributes, :fill)

    # handle series annotations
    if haskey(plotattributes, :series_annotations)
@@ -1023,7 +1078,7 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)
            arrow()
        elseif a in (false, nothing, :none)
            nothing
-        elseif !(typeof(a) <: Arrow)
+        elseif !(typeof(a) <: Arrow || typeof(a) <: AbstractArray{Arrow})
            arrow(wraptuple(a)...)
        else
            a
@@ -1050,8 +1105,8 @@ function preprocessArgs!(plotattributes::KW)

    # warnings for moved recipes
    st = get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :path)
-    if st in (:boxplot, :violin, :density) && !isdefined(Main, :StatPlots)
-        @warn("seriestype $st has been moved to StatPlots.  To use: \`Pkg.add(\"StatPlots\"); using StatPlots\`")
+    if st in (:boxplot, :violin, :density) && !isdefined(Main, :StatsPlots)
+        @warn("seriestype $st has been moved to StatsPlots.  To use: \`Pkg.add(\"StatsPlots\"); using StatsPlots\`")
    end

    return
@@ -1073,7 +1128,7 @@ function extractGroupArgs(v::AVec, args...; legendEntry = string)
    if n > 100
        @warn("You created n=$n groups... Is that intended?")
    end
-    groupIds = Vector{Int}[filter(i -> v[i] == glab, 1:length(v)) for glab in groupLabels]
+    groupIds = Vector{Int}[filter(i -> v[i] == glab, eachindex(v)) for glab in groupLabels]
    GroupBy(map(legendEntry, groupLabels), groupIds)
 end

@@ -1081,7 +1136,7 @@ legendEntryFromTuple(ns::Tuple) = join(ns, ' ')

 # this is when given a tuple of vectors of values to group by
 function extractGroupArgs(vs::Tuple, args...)
-    isempty(vs) && return GroupBy([""], [1:size(args[1],1)])
+    isempty(vs) && return GroupBy([""], [axes(args[1],1)])
    v = map(tuple, vs...)
    extractGroupArgs(v, args...; legendEntry = legendEntryFromTuple)
 end
@@ -1091,7 +1146,7 @@ legendEntryFromTuple(ns::NamedTuple) =
    join(["$k = $v" for (k, v) in pairs(ns)], ", ")

 function extractGroupArgs(vs::NamedTuple, args...)
-    isempty(vs) && return GroupBy([""], [1:size(args[1],1)])
+    isempty(vs) && return GroupBy([""], [axes(args[1],1)])
    v = map(NamedTuple{keys(vs)}∘tuple, values(vs)...)
    extractGroupArgs(v, args...; legendEntry = legendEntryFromTuple)
 end
@@ -1106,15 +1161,15 @@ end
 filter_data(v::AVec, idxfilter::AVec{Int}) = v[idxfilter]
 filter_data(v, idxfilter) = v

-function filter_data!(plotattributes::KW, idxfilter)
+function filter_data!(plotattributes::AKW, idxfilter)
    for s in (:x, :y, :z)
        plotattributes[s] = filter_data(get(plotattributes, s, nothing), idxfilter)
    end
 end

-function _filter_input_data!(plotattributes::KW)
+function _filter_input_data!(plotattributes::AKW)
    idxfilter = pop!(plotattributes, :idxfilter, nothing)
-    if idxfilter != nothing
+    if idxfilter !== nothing
        filter_data!(plotattributes, idxfilter)
    end
 end
@@ -1125,7 +1180,7 @@ end
 const _already_warned = Dict{Symbol,Set{Symbol}}()
 const _to_warn = Set{Symbol}()

-function warnOnUnsupported_args(pkg::AbstractBackend, plotattributes::KW)
+function warnOnUnsupported_args(pkg::AbstractBackend, plotattributes)
    empty!(_to_warn)
    bend = backend_name(pkg)
    already_warned = get!(_already_warned, bend, Set{Symbol}())
@@ -1149,7 +1204,7 @@ end
 # _markershape_supported(pkg::AbstractBackend, shape::Shape) = Shape in supported_markers(pkg)
 # _markershape_supported(pkg::AbstractBackend, shapes::AVec) = all([_markershape_supported(pkg, shape) for shape in shapes])

-function warnOnUnsupported(pkg::AbstractBackend, plotattributes::KW)
+function warnOnUnsupported(pkg::AbstractBackend, plotattributes)
    if !is_seriestype_supported(pkg, plotattributes[:seriestype])
        @warn("seriestype $(plotattributes[:seriestype]) is unsupported with $pkg.  Choose from: $(supported_seriestypes(pkg))")
    end
@@ -1161,7 +1216,7 @@ function warnOnUnsupported(pkg::AbstractBackend, plotattributes::KW)
    end
 end

-function warnOnUnsupported_scales(pkg::AbstractBackend, plotattributes::KW)
+function warnOnUnsupported_scales(pkg::AbstractBackend, plotattributes::AKW)
    for k in (:xscale, :yscale, :zscale, :scale)
        if haskey(plotattributes, k)
            v = plotattributes[k]
@@ -1180,7 +1235,7 @@ function convertLegendValue(val::Symbol)
        :best
    elseif val in (:no, :none)
        :none
-    elseif val in (:right, :left, :top, :bottom, :inside, :best, :legend, :topright, :topleft, :bottomleft, :bottomright, :outertopright)
+    elseif val in (:right, :left, :top, :bottom, :inside, :best, :legend, :topright, :topleft, :bottomleft, :bottomright, :outertopright, :outertopleft, :outertop, :outerright, :outerleft, :outerbottomright, :outerbottomleft, :outerbottom, :inline)
        val
    else
        error("Invalid symbol for legend: $val")
@@ -1200,24 +1255,26 @@ convertLegendValue(v::AbstractArray) = map(convertLegendValue, v)
 # anything else is returned as-is
 function slice_arg(v::AMat, idx::Int)
    c = mod1(idx, size(v,2))
-    size(v,1) == 1 ? v[1,c] : v[:,c]
+    m,n = axes(v)
+    size(v,1) == 1 ? v[first(m),n[c]] : v[:,n[c]]
 end
 slice_arg(wrapper::InputWrapper, idx) = wrapper.obj
 slice_arg(v, idx) = v


-# given an argument key (k), we want to extract the argument value for this index.
-# matrices are sliced by column, otherwise we
-# if nothing is set (or container is empty), return the default or the existing value.
-function slice_arg!(plotattributes_in::KW,plotattributes_out::KW, k::Symbol, default_value, idx::Int, remove_pair::Bool)
-    v = get(plotattributes_in, k, get(plotattributes_out, k, default_value))
-   plotattributes_out[k] = if haskey(plotattributes_in, k) && typeof(v) <: AMat && !isempty(v)
+# given an argument key (k), extract the argument value for this index,
+# and set into plotattributes[k]. Matrices are sliced by column.
+# if nothing is set (or container is empty), return the existing value.
+function slice_arg!(plotattributes_in, plotattributes_out,
+                    k::Symbol, idx::Int, remove_pair::Bool)
+    v = get(plotattributes_in, k, plotattributes_out[k])
+    plotattributes_out[k] = if haskey(plotattributes_in, k) && typeof(v) <: AMat && !isempty(v)
        slice_arg(v, idx)
    else
        v
    end
    if remove_pair
-        delete!(plotattributes_in, k)
+        reset_kw!(plotattributes_in, k)
    end
    return
 end
@@ -1226,26 +1283,20 @@ end

 # # if the value is `:match` then we take whatever match_color is.
 # # this is mainly used for cascading defaults for foreground and background colors
-# function color_or_match!(plotattributes::KW, k::Symbol, match_color)
+# function color_or_match!(plotattributes::AKW, k::Symbol, match_color)
 #     v = plotattributes[k]
 #     plotattributes[k] = if v == :match
 #         match_color
-#     elseif v == nothing
+#     elseif v === nothing
 #         plot_color(RGBA(0,0,0,0))
 #     else
 #         v
 #     end
 # end

-function color_or_nothing!(plotattributes::KW, k::Symbol)
+function color_or_nothing!(plotattributes, k::Symbol)
    v = plotattributes[k]
-    plotattributes[k] = if v == nothing || v == false
-        RGBA{Float64}(0,0,0,0)
-    elseif v != :match
-        plot_color(v)
-    else
-        v
-    end
+    plotattributes[k] = v == :match ? v : plot_color(v)
    return
 end

@@ -1264,8 +1315,10 @@ const _match_map = KW(
    :bottom_margin => :margin,
    :titlefontfamily          => :fontfamily_subplot,
    :legendfontfamily         => :fontfamily_subplot,
+    :legendtitlefontfamily    => :fontfamily_subplot,
    :titlefontcolor           => :foreground_color_subplot,
    :legendfontcolor          => :foreground_color_subplot,
+    :legendtitlefontcolor     => :foreground_color_subplot,
    :tickfontcolor            => :foreground_color_text,
    :guidefontcolor           => :foreground_color_guide,
 )
@@ -1342,18 +1395,18 @@ Base.get(series::Series, k::Symbol, v) = get(series.plotattributes, k, v)

 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

-function fg_color(plotattributes::KW)
-    fg = default(plotattributes, :foreground_color)
+function fg_color(plotattributes::AKW)
+    fg = get(plotattributes, :foreground_color, :auto)
    if fg == :auto
-        bg = plot_color(default(plotattributes, :background_color))
+        bg = plot_color(get(plotattributes, :background_color, :white))
        fg = isdark(bg) ? colorant"white" : colorant"black"
    else
        plot_color(fg)
    end
 end

-function fg_color_sp(plotattributes::KW)
-    fgsp = default(plotattributes, :foreground_color_subplot)
+function fg_color_sp(plotattributes::AKW)
+    fgsp = get(plotattributes, :foreground_color_subplot, :match)
    if fg == :match
        fg_color(plotattributes)
    else
@@ -1364,13 +1417,13 @@ end


 # update attr from an input dictionary
-function _update_plot_args(plt::Plot, plotattributes_in::KW)
+function _update_plot_args(plt::Plot, plotattributes_in::AKW)
    for (k,v) in _plot_defaults
-        slice_arg!(plotattributes_in, plt.attr, k, v, 1, true)
+        slice_arg!(plotattributes_in, plt.attr, k, 1, true)
    end

    # handle colors
-   plotattributes= plt.attr
+    plotattributes= plt.attr
    plt[:background_color] = plot_color(plotattributes[:background_color])
    plt[:foreground_color] = fg_color(plotattributes)
    # bg = plot_color(plt.attr[:background_color])
@@ -1417,7 +1470,7 @@ function _update_subplot_colors(sp::Subplot)
    return
 end

-function _update_axis(plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, plotattributes_in::KW, letter::Symbol, subplot_index::Int)
+function _update_axis(plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, plotattributes_in::AKW, letter::Symbol, subplot_index::Int)
    # get (maybe initialize) the axis
    axis = get_axis(sp, letter)

@@ -1433,13 +1486,10 @@ function _update_axis(plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, plotattributes_in::KW, letter::Sym
    return
 end

-function _update_axis(axis::Axis, plotattributes_in::KW, letter::Symbol, subplot_index::Int)
-    # grab magic args (for example `xaxis = (:flip, :log)`)
-    args = wraptuple(get(plotattributes_in, Symbol(letter, :axis), ()))
-
+function _update_axis(axis::Axis, plotattributes_in::AKW, letter::Symbol, subplot_index::Int)
    # build the KW of arguments from the letter version (i.e. xticks --> ticks)
    kw = KW()
-    for (k,v) in _axis_defaults
+    for k in _all_axis_args
        # first get the args without the letter: `tickfont = font(10)`
        # note: we don't pop because we want this to apply to all axes! (delete after all have finished)
        if haskey(plotattributes_in, k)
@@ -1454,7 +1504,7 @@ function _update_axis(axis::Axis, plotattributes_in::KW, letter::Symbol, subplot
    end

    # update the axis
-    attr!(axis, args...; kw...)
+    attr!(axis; kw...)
    return
 end

@@ -1484,12 +1534,12 @@ function _update_axis_links(plt::Plot, axis::Axis, letter::Symbol)
 end

 # update a subplots args and axes
-function _update_subplot_args(plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, plotattributes_in::KW, subplot_index::Int, remove_pair::Bool)
-    anns = pop!(sp.attr, :annotations, [])
+function _update_subplot_args(plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, plotattributes_in, subplot_index::Int, remove_pair::Bool)
+    anns = pop_kw!(sp.attr, :annotations)

-    # grab those args which apply to this subplot
-    for (k,v) in _subplot_defaults
-        slice_arg!(plotattributes_in, sp.attr, k, v, subplot_index, remove_pair)
+    # # grab those args which apply to this subplot
+    for k in keys(_subplot_defaults)
+        slice_arg!(plotattributes_in, sp.attr, k, subplot_index, remove_pair)
    end

    _update_subplot_periphery(sp, anns)
@@ -1508,45 +1558,42 @@ function has_black_border_for_default(st::Symbol)
    like_histogram(st) || st in (:hexbin, :bar, :shape)
 end

-
-# converts a symbol or string into a colorant (Colors.RGB), and assigns a color automatically
-function getSeriesRGBColor(c, sp::Subplot, n::Int)
+# converts a symbol or string into a Colorant or ColorGradient
+# and assigns a color automatically
+function get_series_color(c, sp::Subplot, n::Int, seriestype)
    if c == :auto
-        c = autopick(sp[:color_palette], n)
+        c = like_surface(seriestype) ? cgrad() : autopick(sp[:color_palette], n)
    elseif isa(c, Int)
        c = autopick(sp[:color_palette], c)
    end
    plot_color(c)
 end

-function getSeriesRGBColor(c::AbstractArray, sp::Subplot, n::Int)
-    map(x->getSeriesRGBColor(x, sp, n), c)
+function get_series_color(c::AbstractArray, sp::Subplot, n::Int, seriestype)
+    map(x->get_series_color(x, sp, n, seriestype), c)
 end

-function ensure_gradient!(plotattributes::KW, csym::Symbol, asym::Symbol)
+function ensure_gradient!(plotattributes::AKW, csym::Symbol, asym::Symbol)
    if !isa(plotattributes[csym], ColorGradient)
        plotattributes[csym] = typeof(plotattributes[asym]) <: AbstractVector ? cgrad() : cgrad(alpha = plotattributes[asym])
    end
 end

-function _replace_linewidth(plotattributes::KW)
+function _replace_linewidth(plotattributes::AKW)
    # get a good default linewidth... 0 for surface and heatmaps
-    if get(plotattributes, :linewidth, :auto) == :auto
+    if plotattributes[:linewidth] == :auto
        plotattributes[:linewidth] = (get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :path) in (:surface,:heatmap,:image) ? 0 : 1)
    end
 end

-function _add_defaults!(plotattributes::KW, plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, commandIndex::Int)
-    # add default values to our dictionary, being careful not to delete what we just added!
-    for (k,v) in _series_defaults
-        slice_arg!(plotattributes, plotattributes, k, v, commandIndex, false)
+function _slice_series_args!(plotattributes::AKW, plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, commandIndex::Int)
+    for k in keys(_series_defaults)
+        haskey(plotattributes, k) && slice_arg!(plotattributes, plotattributes, k, commandIndex, false)
    end
-
    return plotattributes
 end

-
-function _update_series_attributes!(plotattributes::KW, plt::Plot, sp::Subplot)
+function _update_series_attributes!(plotattributes::AKW, plt::Plot, sp::Subplot)
    pkg = plt.backend
    globalIndex = plotattributes[:series_plotindex]
    plotIndex = _series_index(plotattributes, sp)
@@ -1556,30 +1603,32 @@ function _update_series_attributes!(plotattributes::KW, plt::Plot, sp::Subplot)

    # update alphas
    for asym in (:linealpha, :markeralpha, :fillalpha)
-        if plotattributes[asym] == nothing
+        if plotattributes[asym] === nothing
            plotattributes[asym] = plotattributes[:seriesalpha]
        end
    end
-    if plotattributes[:markerstrokealpha] == nothing
+    if plotattributes[:markerstrokealpha] === nothing
        plotattributes[:markerstrokealpha] = plotattributes[:markeralpha]
    end

    # update series color
-    plotattributes[:seriescolor] = getSeriesRGBColor(plotattributes[:seriescolor], sp, plotIndex)
+    scolor = plotattributes[:seriescolor]
+    stype = plotattributes[:seriestype]
+    plotattributes[:seriescolor] = scolor = get_series_color(scolor, sp, plotIndex, stype)

    # update other colors
    for s in (:line, :marker, :fill)
        csym, asym = Symbol(s,:color), Symbol(s,:alpha)
        plotattributes[csym] = if plotattributes[csym] == :auto
-            plot_color(if has_black_border_for_default(plotattributes[:seriestype]) && s == :line
+            plot_color(if has_black_border_for_default(stype) && s == :line
                sp[:foreground_color_subplot]
            else
-                plotattributes[:seriescolor]
+                scolor
            end)
        elseif plotattributes[csym] == :match
-            plot_color(plotattributes[:seriescolor])
+            plot_color(scolor)
        else
-            getSeriesRGBColor(plotattributes[csym], sp, plotIndex)
+            get_series_color(plotattributes[csym], sp, plotIndex, stype)
        end
    end

@@ -1587,19 +1636,19 @@ function _update_series_attributes!(plotattributes::KW, plt::Plot, sp::Subplot)
    plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor] = if plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor] == :match
        plot_color(sp[:foreground_color_subplot])
    elseif plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor] == :auto
-        getSeriesRGBColor(plotattributes[:markercolor], sp, plotIndex)
+        get_series_color(plotattributes[:markercolor], sp, plotIndex, stype)
    else
-        getSeriesRGBColor(plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor], sp, plotIndex)
+        get_series_color(plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor], sp, plotIndex, stype)
    end

    # if marker_z, fill_z or line_z are set, ensure we have a gradient
-    if plotattributes[:marker_z] != nothing
+    if plotattributes[:marker_z] !== nothing
        ensure_gradient!(plotattributes, :markercolor, :markeralpha)
    end
-    if plotattributes[:line_z] != nothing
+    if plotattributes[:line_z] !== nothing
        ensure_gradient!(plotattributes, :linecolor, :linealpha)
    end
-    if plotattributes[:fill_z] != nothing
+    if plotattributes[:fill_z] !== nothing
        ensure_gradient!(plotattributes, :fillcolor, :fillalpha)
    end

@@ -1614,6 +1663,7 @@ function _update_series_attributes!(plotattributes::KW, plt::Plot, sp::Subplot)
    # set label
    label = plotattributes[:label]
    label = (label == "AUTO" ? "y$globalIndex" : label)
+    label = label in (:none, nothing, false) ? "" : label
    plotattributes[:label] = label

    _replace_linewidth(plotattributes)
@@ -7,29 +7,20 @@
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

 function Axis(sp::Subplot, letter::Symbol, args...; kw...)
-    # init with values from _plot_defaults
-    plotattributes = KW(
+    explicit = KW(
        :letter => letter,
-        # :extrema => (Inf, -Inf),
        :extrema => Extrema(),
        :discrete_map => Dict(),   # map discrete values to discrete indices
        :continuous_values => zeros(0),
+        :discrete_values => [],
        :use_minor => false,
        :show => true,  # show or hide the axis? (useful for linked subplots)
    )

-    # get defaults from letter version, unless match
-    for (k,v) in _axis_defaults
-        lk = Symbol(letter, k)
-        lv = _axis_defaults_byletter[lk]
-        plotattributes[k] = (lv == :match ? v : lv)
-    end
-
-    # merge!(plotattributes, _axis_defaults)
-    plotattributes[:discrete_values] = []
+    attr = Attr(explicit, _axis_defaults_byletter[letter])

    # update the defaults
-    attr!(Axis([sp], plotattributes), args...; kw...)
+    attr!(Axis([sp], attr), args...; kw...)
 end

 function get_axis(sp::Subplot, letter::Symbol)
@@ -41,7 +32,7 @@ function get_axis(sp::Subplot, letter::Symbol)
    end::Axis
 end

-function process_axis_arg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter = "")
+function process_axis_arg!(plotattributes::AKW, arg, letter = "")
    T = typeof(arg)
    arg = get(_scaleAliases, arg, arg)

@@ -67,7 +58,7 @@ function process_axis_arg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter = "")
    elseif T <: AVec
        plotattributes[Symbol(letter,:ticks)] = arg

-    elseif arg == nothing
+    elseif arg === nothing
        plotattributes[Symbol(letter,:ticks)] = []

    elseif T <: Bool || arg in _allShowaxisArgs
@@ -93,6 +84,9 @@ function attr!(axis::Axis, args...; kw...)
        process_axis_arg!(plotattributes, arg)
    end

+    # then preprocess keyword arguments
+    preprocessArgs!(KW(kw))
+
    # then override for any keywords... only those keywords that already exists in plotattributes
    for (k,v) in kw
        if haskey(plotattributes, k)
@@ -117,7 +111,7 @@ end

 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

-Base.show(io::IO, axis::Axis) = dumpdict(axis.plotattributes, "Axis", true)
+Base.show(io::IO, axis::Axis) = dumpdict(io, axis.plotattributes, "Axis", true)
 # Base.getindex(axis::Axis, k::Symbol) = getindex(axis.plotattributes, k)
 Base.setindex!(axis::Axis, v, ks::Symbol...) = setindex!(axis.plotattributes, v, ks...)
 Base.haskey(axis::Axis, k::Symbol) = haskey(axis.plotattributes, k)
@@ -152,8 +146,8 @@ scalefunc(scale::Symbol) = x -> get(_scale_funcs, scale, identity)(Float64(x))
 invscalefunc(scale::Symbol) = x -> get(_inv_scale_funcs, scale, identity)(Float64(x))
 labelfunc(scale::Symbol, backend::AbstractBackend) = get(_label_func, scale, string)

-function optimal_ticks_and_labels(axis::Axis, ticks = nothing)
-    amin,amax = axis_limits(axis)
+function optimal_ticks_and_labels(sp::Subplot, axis::Axis, ticks = nothing)
+    amin, amax = axis_limits(sp, axis[:letter])

    # scale the limits
    scale = axis[:scale]
@@ -166,7 +160,7 @@ function optimal_ticks_and_labels(axis::Axis, ticks = nothing)
    # or DateTime) is chosen based on the time span between amin and amax
    # rather than on the input format
    # TODO: maybe: non-trivial scale (:ln, :log2, :log10) for date/datetime
-    if ticks == nothing && scale == :identity
+    if ticks === nothing && scale == :identity
        if axis[:formatter] == dateformatter
            # optimize_datetime_ticks returns ticks and labels(!) based on
            # integers/floats corresponding to the DateTime type. Thus, the axes
@@ -184,7 +178,7 @@ function optimal_ticks_and_labels(axis::Axis, ticks = nothing)
    end

    # get a list of well-laid-out ticks
-    if ticks == nothing
+    if ticks === nothing
        scaled_ticks = optimize_ticks(
            sf(amin),
            sf(amax);
@@ -218,6 +212,8 @@ function optimal_ticks_and_labels(axis::Axis, ticks = nothing)
            map(labelfunc(scale, backend()), Showoff.showoff(scaled_ticks, :plain))
        elseif formatter == :scientific
            Showoff.showoff(unscaled_ticks, :scientific)
+	elseif formatter == :latex
+	    map(x -> string("\$", replace(convert_sci_unicode(x), '×' => "\\times"), "\$"), Showoff.showoff(unscaled_ticks, :auto))
        else
            # there was an override for the formatter... use that on the unscaled ticks
            map(formatter, unscaled_ticks)
@@ -238,9 +234,9 @@ function optimal_ticks_and_labels(axis::Axis, ticks = nothing)
 end

 # return (continuous_values, discrete_values) for the ticks on this axis
-function get_ticks(axis::Axis)
+function get_ticks(sp::Subplot, axis::Axis)
    ticks = _transform_ticks(axis[:ticks])
-    ticks in (nothing, false) && return nothing
+    ticks in (:none, nothing, false) && return nothing

    # treat :native ticks as :auto
    ticks = ticks == :native ? :auto : ticks
@@ -251,7 +247,7 @@ function get_ticks(axis::Axis)
            # discrete ticks...
            n = length(dvals)
            rng = if ticks == :auto
-                Int[round(Int,i) for i in range(1, stop=n, length=15)]
+                Int[round(Int,i) for i in range(1, stop=n, length=min(n,15))]
            else # if ticks == :all
                1:n
            end
@@ -261,7 +257,7 @@ function get_ticks(axis::Axis)
            (collect(0:pi/4:7pi/4), string.(0:45:315))
        else
            # compute optimal ticks and labels
-            optimal_ticks_and_labels(axis)
+            optimal_ticks_and_labels(sp, axis)
        end
    elseif typeof(ticks) <: Union{AVec, Int}
        if !isempty(dvals) && typeof(ticks) <: Int
@@ -269,7 +265,7 @@ function get_ticks(axis::Axis)
            axis[:continuous_values][rng], dvals[rng]
        else
            # override ticks, but get the labels
-            optimal_ticks_and_labels(axis, ticks)
+            optimal_ticks_and_labels(sp, axis, ticks)
        end
    elseif typeof(ticks) <: NTuple{2, Any}
        # assuming we're passed (ticks, labels)
@@ -286,16 +282,16 @@ _transform_ticks(ticks) = ticks
 _transform_ticks(ticks::AbstractArray{T}) where T <: Dates.TimeType = Dates.value.(ticks)
 _transform_ticks(ticks::NTuple{2, Any}) = (_transform_ticks(ticks[1]), ticks[2])

-function get_minor_ticks(axis,ticks)
-    axis[:minorticks] in (nothing, false) && !axis[:minorgrid] && return nothing
+function get_minor_ticks(sp, axis, ticks)
+    axis[:minorticks] in (:none, nothing, false) && !axis[:minorgrid] && return nothing
    ticks = ticks[1]
    length(ticks) < 2 && return nothing

-    amin, amax = axis_limits(axis)
+    amin, amax = axis_limits(sp, axis[:letter])
    #Add one phantom tick either side of the ticks to ensure minor ticks extend to the axis limits
    if length(ticks) > 2
        ratio = (ticks[3] - ticks[2])/(ticks[2] - ticks[1])
-    elseif axis[:scale] == :none
+    elseif axis[:scale] in (:none, :identity)
        ratio = 1
    else
        return nothing
@@ -309,7 +305,9 @@ function get_minor_ticks(axis,ticks)
    minorticks = typeof(ticks[1])[]
    for (i,hi) in enumerate(ticks[2:end])
        lo = ticks[i]
-        append!(minorticks,collect(lo + (hi-lo)/n :(hi-lo)/n: hi - (hi-lo)/2n))
+        if isfinite(lo) && hi > lo
+            append!(minorticks,collect(lo + (hi-lo)/n :(hi-lo)/n: hi - (hi-lo)/2n))
+        end
    end
    minorticks[amin .<= minorticks .<= amax]
 end
@@ -357,7 +355,7 @@ function expand_extrema!(axis::Axis, v::AVec{N}) where N<:Number
 end


-function expand_extrema!(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
+function expand_extrema!(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::AKW)
    vert = isvertical(plotattributes)

    # first expand for the data
@@ -382,7 +380,7 @@ function expand_extrema!(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
                data = plotattributes[letter] = Surface(Matrix{Float64}(data.surf))
            end
            expand_extrema!(axis, data)
-        elseif data != nothing
+        elseif data !== nothing
            # TODO: need more here... gotta track the discrete reference value
            #       as well as any coord offset (think of boxplot shape coords... they all
            #       correspond to the same x-value)
@@ -399,10 +397,10 @@ function expand_extrema!(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)

    # expand for fillrange
    fr = plotattributes[:fillrange]
-    if fr == nothing && plotattributes[:seriestype] == :bar
+    if fr === nothing && plotattributes[:seriestype] == :bar
        fr = 0.0
    end
-    if fr != nothing && !all3D(plotattributes)
+    if fr !== nothing && !all3D(plotattributes)
        axis = sp.attr[vert ? :yaxis : :xaxis]
        if typeof(fr) <: Tuple
            for fri in fr
@@ -419,7 +417,7 @@ function expand_extrema!(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
        data = plotattributes[dsym]

        bw = plotattributes[:bar_width]
-        if bw == nothing
+        if bw === nothing
            bw = plotattributes[:bar_width] = _bar_width * ignorenan_minimum(filter(x->x>0,diff(sort(data))))
        end
        axis = sp.attr[Symbol(dsym, :axis)]
@@ -459,7 +457,7 @@ const _widen_seriestypes = (:line, :path, :steppre, :steppost, :sticks, :scatter

 function default_should_widen(axis::Axis)
    should_widen = false
-    if !is_2tuple(axis[:lims])
+    if !(is_2tuple(axis[:lims]) || axis[:lims] == :round)
        for sp in axis.sps
            for series in series_list(sp)
                if series.plotattributes[:seriestype] in _widen_seriestypes
@@ -479,11 +477,13 @@ function round_limits(amin,amax)
 end

 # using the axis extrema and limit overrides, return the min/max value for this axis
-function axis_limits(axis::Axis, should_widen::Bool = default_should_widen(axis))
+function axis_limits(sp, letter, should_widen = default_should_widen(sp[Symbol(letter, :axis)]), consider_aspect = true)
+    axis = sp[Symbol(letter, :axis)]
    ex = axis[:extrema]
    amin, amax = ex.emin, ex.emax
    lims = axis[:lims]
-    if (isa(lims, Tuple) || isa(lims, AVec)) && length(lims) == 2
+    has_user_lims = (isa(lims, Tuple) || isa(lims, AVec)) && length(lims) == 2
+    if has_user_lims
        if isfinite(lims[1])
            amin = lims[1]
        end
@@ -497,12 +497,12 @@ function axis_limits(axis::Axis, should_widen::Bool = default_should_widen(axis)
    if !isfinite(amin) && !isfinite(amax)
        amin, amax = 0.0, 1.0
    end
-    if ispolar(axis.sps[1])
+    amin, amax = if ispolar(axis.sps[1])
        if axis[:letter] == :x
            amin, amax = 0, 2pi
        elseif lims == :auto
            #widen max radius so ticks dont overlap with theta axis
-            amin, amax + 0.1 * abs(amax - amin)
+            0, amax + 0.1 * abs(amax - amin)
        else
            amin, amax
        end
@@ -513,6 +513,32 @@ function axis_limits(axis::Axis, should_widen::Bool = default_should_widen(axis)
    else
        amin, amax
    end
+
+    if !has_user_lims && consider_aspect && letter in (:x, :y) && !(sp[:aspect_ratio] in (:none, :auto) || is3d(:sp))
+        aspect_ratio = isa(sp[:aspect_ratio], Number) ? sp[:aspect_ratio] : 1
+        plot_ratio = height(plotarea(sp)) / width(plotarea(sp))
+        dist = amax - amin
+
+        if letter == :x
+            yamin, yamax = axis_limits(sp, :y, default_should_widen(sp[:yaxis]), false)
+            ydist = yamax - yamin
+            axis_ratio = aspect_ratio * ydist / dist
+            factor = axis_ratio / plot_ratio
+        else
+            xamin, xamax = axis_limits(sp, :x, default_should_widen(sp[:xaxis]), false)
+            xdist = xamax - xamin
+            axis_ratio = aspect_ratio * dist / xdist
+            factor = plot_ratio / axis_ratio
+        end
+
+        if factor > 1
+            center = (amin + amax) / 2
+            amin = center + factor * (amin - center)
+            amax = center + factor * (amax - center)
+        end
+    end
+
+    return amin, amax
 end

 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -545,10 +571,10 @@ end

 # add the discrete value for each item.  return the continuous values and the indices
 function discrete_value!(axis::Axis, v::AVec)
-    n = length(v)
-    cvec = zeros(n)
-    discrete_indices = zeros(Int, n)
-    for i=1:n
+    n = eachindex(v)
+    cvec = zeros(axes(v))
+    discrete_indices = similar(Array{Int}, axes(v))
+    for i in n
        cvec[i], discrete_indices[i] = discrete_value!(axis, v[i])
    end
    cvec, discrete_indices
@@ -556,10 +582,10 @@ end

 # add the discrete value for each item.  return the continuous values and the indices
 function discrete_value!(axis::Axis, v::AMat)
-    n,m = size(v)
-    cmat = zeros(n,m)
-    discrete_indices = zeros(Int, n, m)
-    for i=1:n, j=1:m
+    n,m = axes(v)
+    cmat = zeros(axes(v))
+    discrete_indices = similar(Array{Int}, axes(v))
+    for i in n, j in m
        cmat[i,j], discrete_indices[i,j] = discrete_value!(axis, v[i,j])
    end
    cmat, discrete_indices
@@ -586,12 +612,12 @@ end
 # compute the line segments which should be drawn for this axis
 function axis_drawing_info(sp::Subplot)
    xaxis, yaxis = sp[:xaxis], sp[:yaxis]
-    xmin, xmax = axis_limits(xaxis)
-    ymin, ymax = axis_limits(yaxis)
-    xticks = get_ticks(xaxis)
-    yticks = get_ticks(yaxis)
-    xminorticks = get_minor_ticks(xaxis,xticks)
-    yminorticks = get_minor_ticks(yaxis,yticks)
+    xmin, xmax = axis_limits(sp, :x)
+    ymin, ymax = axis_limits(sp, :y)
+    xticks = get_ticks(sp, xaxis)
+    yticks = get_ticks(sp, yaxis)
+    xminorticks = get_minor_ticks(sp, xaxis, xticks)
+    yminorticks = get_minor_ticks(sp, yaxis, yticks)
    xaxis_segs = Segments(2)
    yaxis_segs = Segments(2)
    xtick_segs = Segments(2)
@@ -605,126 +631,370 @@ function axis_drawing_info(sp::Subplot)

    if sp[:framestyle] != :none
        # xaxis
+        y1, y2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(xaxis[:mirror], yaxis[:flip]) ? (ymax, ymin) : (ymin, ymax)
+        end
        if xaxis[:showaxis]
            if sp[:framestyle] != :grid
-                y1, y2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
-                    0.0, 0.0
-                else
-                    xor(xaxis[:mirror], yaxis[:flip]) ? (ymax, ymin) : (ymin, ymax)
-                end
                push!(xaxis_segs, (xmin, y1), (xmax, y1))
                # don't show the 0 tick label for the origin framestyle
-                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(xticks in (nothing,false)) && length(xticks) > 1
+                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(xticks in (:none, nothing, false)) && length(xticks) > 1
                    showticks = xticks[1] .!= 0
                    xticks = (xticks[1][showticks], xticks[2][showticks])
                end
            end
            sp[:framestyle] in (:semi, :box) && push!(xborder_segs, (xmin, y2), (xmax, y2)) # top spine
        end
-        if !(xaxis[:ticks] in (nothing, false))
+        if !(xaxis[:ticks] in (:none, nothing, false))
            f = scalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
            invf = invscalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
-            ticks_in = xaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
-            t1 = invf(f(ymin) + 0.015 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)) * ticks_in)
-            t2 = invf(f(ymax) - 0.015 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)) * ticks_in)
-            t3 = invf(f(0) + 0.015 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)) * ticks_in)
+            tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                t = invf(f(0) + 0.012 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)))
+                (-t, t)
+            else
+                ticks_in = xaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
+                t = invf(f(y1) + 0.012 * (f(y2) - f(y1)) * ticks_in)
+                (y1, t)
+            end

            for xtick in xticks[1]
                if xaxis[:showaxis]
-                    tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
-                        (0, t3)
-                    else
-                        xor(xaxis[:mirror], yaxis[:flip]) ? (ymax, t2) : (ymin, t1)
-                    end
                    push!(xtick_segs, (xtick, tick_start), (xtick, tick_stop)) # bottom tick
                end
-                # sp[:draw_axes_border] && push!(xaxis_segs, (xtick, ymax), (xtick, t2)) # top tick
                xaxis[:grid] && push!(xgrid_segs, (xtick, ymin), (xtick, ymax)) # vertical grid
            end
-        end
-        if !(xaxis[:minorticks] in (nothing, false)) || xaxis[:minorgrid]
-            f = scalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
-            invf = invscalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
-            ticks_in = xaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
-            t1 = invf(f(ymin) + 0.01 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)) * ticks_in)
-            t2 = invf(f(ymax) - 0.01 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)) * ticks_in)
-            t3 = invf(f(0) + 0.01 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)) * ticks_in)

-            for xminortick in xminorticks
-                if xaxis[:showaxis]
-                    tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
-                        (0, t3)
-                    else
-                        xor(xaxis[:mirror], yaxis[:flip]) ? (ymax, t2) : (ymin, t1)
-                    end
-                    push!(xtick_segs, (xminortick, tick_start), (xminortick, tick_stop)) # bottom tick
+            if !(xaxis[:minorticks] in (:none, nothing, false)) || xaxis[:minorgrid]
+                tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                    t = invf(f(0) + 0.006 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)))
+                    (-t, t)
+                else
+                    t = invf(f(y1) + 0.006 * (f(y2) - f(y1)) * ticks_in)
+                    (y1, t)
+                end
+                for xtick in xminorticks
+                    if xaxis[:showaxis]
+                        push!(xtick_segs, (xtick, tick_start), (xtick, tick_stop)) # bottom tick
+                    end
+                    xaxis[:minorgrid] && push!(xminorgrid_segs, (xtick, ymin), (xtick, ymax)) # vertical grid
                end
-                # sp[:draw_axes_border] && push!(xaxis_segs, (xtick, ymax), (xtick, t2)) # top tick
-                xaxis[:minorgrid] && push!(xminorgrid_segs, (xminortick, ymin), (xminortick, ymax)) # vertical grid
            end
        end


        # yaxis
+        x1, x2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(yaxis[:mirror], xaxis[:flip]) ? (xmax, xmin) : (xmin, xmax)
+        end
        if yaxis[:showaxis]
            if sp[:framestyle] != :grid
-                x1, x2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
-                    0.0, 0.0
-                else
-                    xor(yaxis[:mirror], xaxis[:flip]) ? (xmax, xmin) : (xmin, xmax)
-                end
                push!(yaxis_segs, (x1, ymin), (x1, ymax))
                # don't show the 0 tick label for the origin framestyle
-                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(yticks in (nothing,false)) && length(yticks) > 1
+                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(yticks in (:none, nothing,false)) && length(yticks) > 1
                    showticks = yticks[1] .!= 0
                    yticks = (yticks[1][showticks], yticks[2][showticks])
                end
            end
            sp[:framestyle] in (:semi, :box) && push!(yborder_segs, (x2, ymin), (x2, ymax)) # right spine
        end
-        if !(yaxis[:ticks] in (nothing, false))
+        if !(yaxis[:ticks] in (:none, nothing, false))
            f = scalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
            invf = invscalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
-            ticks_in = yaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
-            t1 = invf(f(xmin) + 0.015 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)) * ticks_in)
-            t2 = invf(f(xmax) - 0.015 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)) * ticks_in)
-            t3 = invf(f(0) + 0.015 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)) * ticks_in)
+            tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                t = invf(f(0) + 0.012 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)))
+                (-t, t)
+            else
+                ticks_in = yaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
+                t = invf(f(x1) + 0.012 * (f(x2) - f(x1)) * ticks_in)
+                (x1, t)
+            end

            for ytick in yticks[1]
                if yaxis[:showaxis]
-                    tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
-                        (0, t3)
-                    else
-                        xor(yaxis[:mirror], xaxis[:flip]) ? (xmax, t2) : (xmin, t1)
-                    end
                    push!(ytick_segs, (tick_start, ytick), (tick_stop, ytick)) # left tick
                end
-                # sp[:draw_axes_border] && push!(yaxis_segs, (xmax, ytick), (t2, ytick)) # right tick
                yaxis[:grid] && push!(ygrid_segs, (xmin, ytick), (xmax, ytick)) # horizontal grid
            end
-        end
-        if !(yaxis[:minorticks] in (nothing, false)) || yaxis[:minorgrid]
-            f = scalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
-            invf = invscalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
-            ticks_in = yaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
-            t1 = invf(f(xmin) + 0.01 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)) * ticks_in)
-            t2 = invf(f(xmax) - 0.01 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)) * ticks_in)
-            t3 = invf(f(0) + 0.01 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)) * ticks_in)

-            for ytick in yminorticks
-                if yaxis[:showaxis]
-                    tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
-                        (0, t3)
-                    else
-                        xor(yaxis[:mirror], xaxis[:flip]) ? (xmax, t2) : (xmin, t1)
-                    end
-                    push!(ytick_segs, (tick_start, ytick), (tick_stop, ytick)) # left tick
+            if !(yaxis[:minorticks] in (:none, nothing, false)) || yaxis[:minorgrid]
+                tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                    t = invf(f(0) + 0.006 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)))
+                    (-t, t)
+                else
+                    t = invf(f(x1) + 0.006 * (f(x2) - f(x1)) * ticks_in)
+                    (x1, t)
+                end
+                for ytick in yminorticks
+                    if yaxis[:showaxis]
+                        push!(ytick_segs, (tick_start, ytick), (tick_stop, ytick)) # left tick
+                    end
+                    yaxis[:minorgrid] && push!(yminorgrid_segs, (xmin, ytick), (xmax, ytick)) # horizontal grid
                end
-                # sp[:draw_axes_border] && push!(yaxis_segs, (xmax, ytick), (t2, ytick)) # right tick
-                yaxis[:minorgrid] && push!(yminorgrid_segs, (xmin, ytick), (xmax, ytick)) # horizontal grid
            end
        end
    end

    xticks, yticks, xaxis_segs, yaxis_segs, xtick_segs, ytick_segs, xgrid_segs, ygrid_segs, xminorgrid_segs, yminorgrid_segs, xborder_segs, yborder_segs
 end
+
+
+function axis_drawing_info_3d(sp::Subplot)
+    xaxis, yaxis, zaxis = sp[:xaxis], sp[:yaxis], sp[:zaxis]
+    xmin, xmax = axis_limits(sp, :x)
+    ymin, ymax = axis_limits(sp, :y)
+    zmin, zmax = axis_limits(sp, :z)
+    xticks = get_ticks(sp, xaxis)
+    yticks = get_ticks(sp, yaxis)
+    zticks = get_ticks(sp, zaxis)
+    xminorticks = get_minor_ticks(sp, xaxis, xticks)
+    yminorticks = get_minor_ticks(sp, yaxis, yticks)
+    zminorticks = get_minor_ticks(sp, zaxis, zticks)
+    xaxis_segs = Segments(3)
+    yaxis_segs = Segments(3)
+    zaxis_segs = Segments(3)
+    xtick_segs = Segments(3)
+    ytick_segs = Segments(3)
+    ztick_segs = Segments(3)
+    xgrid_segs = Segments(3)
+    ygrid_segs = Segments(3)
+    zgrid_segs = Segments(3)
+    xminorgrid_segs = Segments(3)
+    yminorgrid_segs = Segments(3)
+    zminorgrid_segs = Segments(3)
+    xborder_segs = Segments(3)
+    yborder_segs = Segments(3)
+    zborder_segs = Segments(3)
+
+    if sp[:framestyle] != :none
+
+        # xaxis
+        y1, y2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(xaxis[:mirror], yaxis[:flip]) ? (ymax, ymin) : (ymin, ymax)
+        end
+        z1, z2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(xaxis[:mirror], zaxis[:flip]) ? (zmax, zmin) : (zmin, zmax)
+        end
+        if xaxis[:showaxis]
+            if sp[:framestyle] != :grid
+                push!(xaxis_segs, (xmin, y1, z1), (xmax, y1, z1))
+                # don't show the 0 tick label for the origin framestyle
+                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(xticks in (:none, nothing, false)) && length(xticks) > 1
+                    showticks = xticks[1] .!= 0
+                    xticks = (xticks[1][showticks], xticks[2][showticks])
+                end
+            end
+            sp[:framestyle] in (:semi, :box) && push!(xborder_segs, (xmin, y2, z2), (xmax, y2, z2)) # top spine
+        end
+        if !(xaxis[:ticks] in (:none, nothing, false))
+            f = scalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
+            invf = invscalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
+            tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                t = invf(f(0) + 0.012 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)))
+                (-t, t)
+            else
+                ticks_in = xaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
+                t = invf(f(y1) + 0.012 * (f(y2) - f(y1)) * ticks_in)
+                (y1, t)
+            end
+
+            for xtick in xticks[1]
+                if xaxis[:showaxis]
+                    push!(xtick_segs, (xtick, tick_start, z1), (xtick, tick_stop, z1)) # bottom tick
+                end
+                if xaxis[:grid]
+                    if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+                        push!(xgrid_segs, (xtick, ymin, 0.0), (xtick, ymax, 0.0))
+                        push!(xgrid_segs, (xtick, 0.0, zmin), (xtick, 0.0, zmax))
+                    else
+                        push!(xgrid_segs, (xtick, y1, z1), (xtick, y2, z1))
+                        push!(xgrid_segs, (xtick, y2, z1), (xtick, y2, z2))
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+
+            if !(xaxis[:minorticks] in (:none, nothing, false)) || xaxis[:minorgrid]
+                tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                    t = invf(f(0) + 0.006 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)))
+                    (-t, t)
+                else
+                    t = invf(f(y1) + 0.006 * (f(y2) - f(y1)) * ticks_in)
+                    (y1, t)
+                end
+                for xtick in xminorticks
+                    if xaxis[:showaxis]
+                        push!(xtick_segs, (xtick, tick_start, z1), (xtick, tick_stop, z1)) # bottom tick
+                    end
+                    if xaxis[:minorgrid]
+                        if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+                            push!(xminorgrid_segs, (xtick, ymin, 0.0), (xtick, ymax, 0.0))
+                            push!(xminorgrid_segs, (xtick, 0.0, zmin), (xtick, 0.0, zmax))
+                        else
+                            push!(xminorgrid_segs, (xtick, y1, z1), (xtick, y2, z1))
+                            push!(xminorgrid_segs, (xtick, y2, z1), (xtick, y2, z2))
+                        end
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+        end
+
+
+        # yaxis
+        x1, x2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(yaxis[:mirror], xaxis[:flip]) ? (xmin, xmax) : (xmax, xmin)
+        end
+        z1, z2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(yaxis[:mirror], zaxis[:flip]) ? (zmax, zmin) : (zmin, zmax)
+        end
+        if yaxis[:showaxis]
+            if sp[:framestyle] != :grid
+                push!(yaxis_segs, (x1, ymin, z1), (x1, ymax, z1))
+                # don't show the 0 tick label for the origin framestyle
+                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(yticks in (:none, nothing,false)) && length(yticks) > 1
+                    showticks = yticks[1] .!= 0
+                    yticks = (yticks[1][showticks], yticks[2][showticks])
+                end
+            end
+            sp[:framestyle] in (:semi, :box) && push!(yborder_segs, (x2, ymin, z2), (x2, ymax, z2)) # right spine
+        end
+        if !(yaxis[:ticks] in (:none, nothing, false))
+            f = scalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
+            invf = invscalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
+            tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                t = invf(f(0) + 0.012 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)))
+                (-t, t)
+            else
+                ticks_in = yaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
+                t = invf(f(x1) + 0.012 * (f(x2) - f(x1)) * ticks_in)
+                (x1, t)
+            end
+
+            for ytick in yticks[1]
+                if yaxis[:showaxis]
+                    push!(ytick_segs, (tick_start, ytick, z1), (tick_stop, ytick, z1)) # left tick
+                end
+                if yaxis[:grid]
+                    if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+                        push!(ygrid_segs, (xmin, ytick, 0.0), (xmax, ytick, 0.0))
+                        push!(ygrid_segs, (0.0, ytick, zmin), (0.0, ytick, zmax))
+                    else
+                        push!(ygrid_segs, (x1, ytick, z1), (x2, ytick, z1))
+                        push!(ygrid_segs, (x2, ytick, z1), (x2, ytick, z2))
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+
+            if !(yaxis[:minorticks] in (:none, nothing, false)) || yaxis[:minorgrid]
+                tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                    t = invf(f(0) + 0.006 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)))
+                    (-t, t)
+                else
+                    t = invf(f(x1) + 0.006 * (f(x2) - f(x1)) * ticks_in)
+                    (x1, t)
+                end
+                for ytick in yminorticks
+                    if yaxis[:showaxis]
+                        push!(ytick_segs, (tick_start, ytick, z1), (tick_stop, ytick, z1)) # left tick
+                    end
+                    if yaxis[:minorgrid]
+                        if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+                            push!(yminorgrid_segs, (xmin, ytick, 0.0), (xmax, ytick, 0.0))
+                            push!(yminorgrid_segs, (0.0, ytick, zmin), (0.0, ytick, zmax))
+                        else
+                            push!(yminorgrid_segs, (x1, ytick, z1), (x2, ytick, z1))
+                            push!(yminorgrid_segs, (x2, ytick, z1), (x2, ytick, z2))
+                        end
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+        end
+
+
+        # zaxis
+        x1, x2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(zaxis[:mirror], xaxis[:flip]) ? (xmax, xmin) : (xmin, xmax)
+        end
+        y1, y2 = if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+            0.0, 0.0
+        else
+            xor(zaxis[:mirror], yaxis[:flip]) ? (ymax, ymin) : (ymin, ymax)
+        end
+        if zaxis[:showaxis]
+            if sp[:framestyle] != :grid
+                push!(zaxis_segs, (x1, y1, zmin), (x1, y1, zmax))
+                # don't show the 0 tick label for the origin framestyle
+                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(zticks in (:none, nothing,false)) && length(zticks) > 1
+                    showticks = zticks[1] .!= 0
+                    zticks = (zticks[1][showticks], zticks[2][showticks])
+                end
+            end
+            sp[:framestyle] in (:semi, :box) && push!(zborder_segs, (x2, y2, zmin), (x2, y2, zmax))
+        end
+        if !(zaxis[:ticks] in (:none, nothing, false))
+            f = scalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
+            invf = invscalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
+            tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                t = invf(f(0) + 0.012 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)))
+                (-t, t)
+            else
+                ticks_in = zaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
+                t = invf(f(y1) + 0.012 * (f(y2) - f(y1)) * ticks_in)
+                (y1, t)
+            end
+
+            for ztick in zticks[1]
+                if zaxis[:showaxis]
+                    push!(ztick_segs, (x1, tick_start, ztick), (x1, tick_stop, ztick)) # left tick
+                end
+                if zaxis[:grid]
+                    if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+                        push!(zgrid_segs, (xmin, 0.0, ztick), (xmax, 0.0, ztick))
+                        push!(ygrid_segs, (0.0, ymin, ztick), (0.0, ymax, ztick))
+                    else
+                        push!(ygrid_segs, (x1, y1, ztick), (x1, y2, ztick))
+                        push!(ygrid_segs, (x1, y2, ztick), (x2, y2, ztick))
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+
+            if !(zaxis[:minorticks] in (:none, nothing, false)) || zaxis[:minorgrid]
+                tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
+                    t = invf(f(0) + 0.006 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)))
+                    (-t, t)
+                else
+                    t = invf(f(y1) + 0.006 * (f(y2) - f(y1)) * ticks_in)
+                    (y1, t)
+                end
+                for ztick in zminorticks
+                    if zaxis[:showaxis]
+                        push!(ztick_segs, (x1, tick_start, ztick), (x1, tick_stop, ztick)) # left tick
+                    end
+                    if zaxis[:minorgrid]
+                        if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
+                            push!(zminorgrid_segs, (xmin, 0.0, ztick), (xmax, 0.0, ztick))
+                            push!(zminorgrid_segs, (0.0, ymin, ztick), (0.0, ymax, ztick))
+                        else
+                            push!(zminorgrid_segs, (x1, y1, ztick), (x1, y2, ztick))
+                            push!(zminorgrid_segs, (x1, y2, ztick), (x2, y2, ztick))
+                        end
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+        end
+    end
+
+    xticks, yticks, zticks, xaxis_segs, yaxis_segs, zaxis_segs, xtick_segs, ytick_segs, ztick_segs, xgrid_segs, ygrid_segs, zgrid_segs, xminorgrid_segs, yminorgrid_segs, zminorgrid_segs, xborder_segs, yborder_segs, zborder_segs
+end
@@ -7,16 +7,20 @@ const _backendSymbol = Dict{DataType, Symbol}(NoBackend => :none)
 const _backends = Symbol[]
 const _initialized_backends = Set{Symbol}()
 const _default_backends = (:none, :gr, :plotly)
-const _backendPackage = Dict{Symbol, Symbol}()
+
+const _backend_packages = Dict{Symbol, Symbol}()

 "Returns a list of supported backends"
 backends() = _backends

 "Returns the name of the current backend"
 backend_name() = CURRENT_BACKEND.sym
-_backend_instance(sym::Symbol) = haskey(_backendType, sym) ? _backendType[sym]() : error("Unsupported backend $sym")
-backend_package(pkg::Symbol) = pkg in _default_backends ? :Plots : Symbol("Plots", _backendPackage[pkg])
-backend_package_name(sym::Symbol) = sym in _default_backends ? :Plots : _backendPackage[sym]
+
+function _backend_instance(sym::Symbol)::AbstractBackend
+    haskey(_backendType, sym) ? _backendType[sym]() : error("Unsupported backend $sym")
+end
+
+backend_package_name(sym::Symbol) = _backend_packages[sym]

 macro init_backend(s)
    package_str = string(s)
@@ -26,14 +30,13 @@ macro init_backend(s)
    esc(quote
        struct $T <: AbstractBackend end
        export $sym
-        $sym(; kw...) = (default(; kw...); backend(Symbol($str)))
+        $sym(; kw...) = (default(; kw...); backend($T()))
        backend_name(::$T) = Symbol($str)
        backend_package_name(pkg::$T) = backend_package_name(Symbol($str))
        push!(_backends, Symbol($str))
        _backendType[Symbol($str)] = $T
        _backendSymbol[$T] = Symbol($str)
-        _backendPackage[Symbol($str)] = Symbol($package_str)
-        # include("backends/" * $str * ".jl")
+        _backend_packages[Symbol($str)] = Symbol($package_str)
    end)
 end

@@ -42,12 +45,6 @@ end

 # ---------------------------------------------------------

-function add_backend(pkg::Symbol)
-    @info("To do a standard install of $pkg, copy and run this:\n\n")
-    println(add_backend_string(_backend_instance(pkg)))
-    println()
-end
-
 # don't do anything as a default
 _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot) = nothing
 _prepare_plot_object(plt::Plot) = nothing
@@ -77,9 +74,9 @@ end
 text_size(lab::AbstractString, sz::Number, rot::Number = 0) = text_size(length(lab), sz, rot)

 # account for the size/length/rotation of tick labels
-function tick_padding(axis::Axis)
-    ticks = get_ticks(axis)
-    if ticks == nothing
+function tick_padding(sp::Subplot, axis::Axis)
+    ticks = get_ticks(sp, axis)
+    if ticks === nothing
        0mm
    else
        vals, labs = ticks
@@ -108,10 +105,10 @@ end
 # to fit ticks, tick labels, guides, colorbars, etc.
 function _update_min_padding!(sp::Subplot)
    # TODO: something different when `is3d(sp) == true`
-    leftpad   = tick_padding(sp[:yaxis]) + sp[:left_margin]   + guide_padding(sp[:yaxis])
+    leftpad   = tick_padding(sp, sp[:yaxis]) + sp[:left_margin]   + guide_padding(sp[:yaxis])
    toppad    = sp[:top_margin]    + title_padding(sp)
    rightpad  = sp[:right_margin]
-    bottompad = tick_padding(sp[:xaxis]) + sp[:bottom_margin] + guide_padding(sp[:xaxis])
+    bottompad = tick_padding(sp, sp[:xaxis]) + sp[:bottom_margin] + guide_padding(sp[:xaxis])

    # switch them?
    if sp[:xaxis][:mirror]
@@ -138,33 +135,22 @@ CurrentBackend(sym::Symbol) = CurrentBackend(sym, _backend_instance(sym))

 # ---------------------------------------------------------

-function pickDefaultBackend()
+_fallback_default_backend() = backend(GRBackend())
+
+function _pick_default_backend()
    env_default = get(ENV, "PLOTS_DEFAULT_BACKEND", "")
    if env_default != ""
        sym = Symbol(lowercase(env_default))
        if sym in _backends
-            if sym in _initialized_backends
-                return backend(sym)
-            else
-                @warn("You have set `PLOTS_DEFAULT_BACKEND=$env_default` but `$(backend_package_name(sym))` is not loaded.")
-            end
+            backend(sym)
        else
            @warn("You have set PLOTS_DEFAULT_BACKEND=$env_default but it is not a valid backend package.  Choose from:\n\t" *
                 join(sort(_backends), "\n\t"))
+            _fallback_default_backend()
        end
+    else
+        _fallback_default_backend()
    end
-
-    # the ordering/inclusion of this package list is my semi-arbitrary guess at
-    # which one someone will want to use if they have the package installed...accounting for
-    # features, speed, and robustness
-    # for pkgstr in ("GR", "PyPlot", "PlotlyJS", "PGFPlots", "UnicodePlots", "InspectDR")
-    #     if pkgstr in keys(Pkg.installed())
-    #         return backend(Symbol(lowercase(pkgstr)))
-    #     end
-    # end
-
-    # the default if nothing else is installed
-    backend(:gr)
 end


@@ -174,13 +160,11 @@ end
 Returns the current plotting package name.  Initializes package on first call.
 """
 function backend()
+    if CURRENT_BACKEND.sym == :none
+        _pick_default_backend()
+    end

-  global CURRENT_BACKEND
-  if CURRENT_BACKEND.sym == :none
-    pickDefaultBackend()
-  end
-
-  CURRENT_BACKEND.pkg
+    CURRENT_BACKEND.pkg
 end

 """
@@ -188,20 +172,13 @@ Set the plot backend.
 """
 function backend(pkg::AbstractBackend)
    sym = backend_name(pkg)
-    if sym in _initialized_backends
-        CURRENT_BACKEND.sym = backend_name(pkg)
-        CURRENT_BACKEND.pkg = pkg
-    else
-        # try
-            _initialize_backend(pkg)
-            push!(_initialized_backends, sym)
-            CURRENT_BACKEND.sym = backend_name(pkg)
-            CURRENT_BACKEND.pkg = pkg
-        # catch
-        #     add_backend(sym)
-        # end
+    if !(sym in _initialized_backends)
+        _initialize_backend(pkg)
+        push!(_initialized_backends, sym)
    end
-    backend()
+    CURRENT_BACKEND.sym = sym
+    CURRENT_BACKEND.pkg = pkg
+    pkg
 end

 function backend(sym::Symbol)
@@ -209,8 +186,8 @@ function backend(sym::Symbol)
        backend(_backend_instance(sym))
    else
        @warn("`:$sym` is not a supported backend.")
+        backend()
    end
-    backend()
 end

 const _deprecated_backends = [:qwt, :winston, :bokeh, :gadfly, :immerse, :glvisualize]
@@ -251,7 +228,7 @@ const _base_supported_args = [
    :subplot_index,
    :discrete_values,
    :projection,
-
+    :show_empty_bins
 ]

 function merge_with_base_supported(v::AVec)
@@ -274,6 +251,7 @@ end
@init_backend PlotlyJS
@init_backend GR
@init_backend PGFPlots
+@init_backend PGFPlotsX
@init_backend InspectDR
@init_backend HDF5

@@ -316,13 +294,7 @@ function _initialize_backend(pkg::AbstractBackend)
    end
 end

-function add_backend_string(pkg::AbstractBackend)
-    sym = backend_package_name(pkg)
-    """
-    using Pkg
-    Pkg.add("$sym")
-    """
-end
+_initialize_backend(pkg::GRBackend) = nothing

 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # gr
@@ -352,7 +324,7 @@ const _gr_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefonthalign, :guidefontvalign,
    :guidefontrotation, :guidefontcolor,
    :grid, :gridalpha, :gridstyle, :gridlinewidth,
-    :legend, :legendtitle, :colorbar, :colorbar_title,
+    :legend, :legendtitle, :colorbar, :colorbar_title, :colorbar_entry,
    :fill_z, :line_z, :marker_z, :levels,
    :ribbon, :quiver,
    :orientation,
@@ -371,7 +343,7 @@ const _gr_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
 const _gr_seriestype = [
    :path, :scatter, :straightline,
    :heatmap, :pie, :image,
-    :contour, :path3d, :scatter3d, :surface, :wireframe,
+    :contour, :path3d, :scatter3d, :surface, :wireframe, :volume,
    :shape
 ]
 const _gr_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot, :dashdotdot]
@@ -379,16 +351,19 @@ const _gr_marker = _allMarkers
 const _gr_scale = [:identity, :log10]
 is_marker_supported(::GRBackend, shape::Shape) = true

-function add_backend_string(::GRBackend)
-    """
-    Pkg.add("GR")
-    Pkg.build("GR")
-    """
-end
-
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # plotly

+function _initialize_backend(pkg::PlotlyBackend)
+    try
+        @eval Main begin
+            import ORCA
+        end
+    catch
+        @info "For saving to png with the Plotly backend ORCA has to be installed."
+    end
+end
+
 const _plotly_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
    :annotations,
    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
@@ -413,7 +388,7 @@ const _plotly_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
    :tickfont, :guidefont, :legendfont,
    :grid, :gridalpha, :gridlinewidth,
-    :legend, :colorbar, :colorbar_title,
+    :legend, :colorbar, :colorbar_title, :colorbar_entry,
    :marker_z, :fill_z, :line_z, :levels,
    :ribbon, :quiver,
    :orientation,
@@ -444,17 +419,11 @@ const _plotly_marker = [
 ]
 const _plotly_scale = [:identity, :log10]

+defaultOutputFormat(plt::Plot{Plots.PlotlyBackend}) = "html"
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # pgfplots

-function add_backend_string(::PGFPlotsBackend)
-    """
-    using Pkg
-    Pkg.add("PGFPlots")
-    Pkg.build("PGFPlots")
-    """
-end
-
 const _pgfplots_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
    :annotations,
    :background_color_legend,
@@ -492,29 +461,19 @@ const _pgfplots_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
 ])
 const _pgfplots_seriestype = [:path, :path3d, :scatter, :steppre, :stepmid, :steppost, :histogram2d, :ysticks, :xsticks, :contour, :shape, :straightline,]
 const _pgfplots_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot, :dashdotdot]
-const _pgfplots_marker = [:none, :auto, :circle, :rect, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle, :cross, :xcross, :star5, :pentagon, :hline] #vcat(_allMarkers, Shape)
+const _pgfplots_marker = [:none, :auto, :circle, :rect, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle, :cross, :xcross, :star5, :pentagon, :hline, :vline] #vcat(_allMarkers, Shape)
 const _pgfplots_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]

 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # plotlyjs

 function _initialize_backend(pkg::PlotlyJSBackend)
-    sym = backend_package_name(pkg)
    @eval Main begin
        import PlotlyJS, ORCA
        export PlotlyJS
    end
 end

-function add_backend_string(::PlotlyJSBackend)
-    """
-    using Pkg
-    Pkg.add(["PlotlyJS", "Blink", "ORCA"])
-    import Blink
-    Blink.AtomShell.install()
-    """
-end
-
 const _plotlyjs_attr        = _plotly_attr
 const _plotlyjs_seriestype  = _plotly_seriestype
 const _plotlyjs_style       = _plotly_style
@@ -535,16 +494,6 @@ function _initialize_backend(::PyPlotBackend)
    end
 end

-function add_backend_string(::PyPlotBackend)
-    """
-    using Pkg
-    withenv("PYTHON" => "") do
-        Pkg.add("PyPlot")
-        Pkg.build("PyPlot")
-    end
-    """
-end
-
 const _pyplot_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
    :annotations,
    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
@@ -564,7 +513,7 @@ const _pyplot_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
    :tickfontfamily, :tickfontsize, :tickfontcolor,
    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefontcolor,
    :grid, :gridalpha, :gridstyle, :gridlinewidth,
-    :legend, :legendtitle, :colorbar,
+    :legend, :legendtitle, :colorbar, :colorbar_title, :colorbar_entry,
    :marker_z, :line_z, :fill_z,
    :levels,
    :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
@@ -577,7 +526,6 @@ const _pyplot_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
    :clims,
    :inset_subplots,
    :dpi,
-    :colorbar_title,
    :stride,
    :framestyle,
    :tick_direction,
@@ -598,14 +546,6 @@ const _pyplot_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # unicodeplots

-function add_backend_string(::UnicodePlotsBackend)
-    """
-    using Pkg
-    Pkg.add("UnicodePlots")
-    Pkg.build("UnicodePlots")
-    """
-end
-
 const _unicodeplots_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
    :label,
    :legend,
@@ -728,3 +668,135 @@ const _inspectdr_marker = Symbol[
 ]

 const _inspectdr_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# pgfplotsx
+
+const _pgfplotsx_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :background_color_legend,
+    :background_color_inside,
+    :background_color_outside,
+    :foreground_color_legend,
+    :foreground_color_grid,
+    :foreground_color_axis,
+    :foreground_color_text,
+    :foreground_color_border,
+    :label,
+    :seriescolor,
+    :seriesalpha,
+    :linecolor,
+    :linestyle,
+    :linewidth,
+    :linealpha,
+    :markershape,
+    :markercolor,
+    :markersize,
+    :markeralpha,
+    :markerstrokewidth,
+    :markerstrokecolor,
+    :markerstrokealpha,
+    :fillrange,
+    :fillcolor,
+    :fillalpha,
+    :bins,
+    :layout,
+    :title,
+    :window_title,
+    :guide,
+    :lims,
+    :ticks,
+    :scale,
+    :flip,
+    :match_dimensions,
+    :titlefontfamily,
+    :titlefontsize,
+    :titlefonthalign,
+    :titlefontvalign,
+    :titlefontrotation,
+    :titlefontcolor,
+    :legendfontfamily,
+    :legendfontsize,
+    :legendfonthalign,
+    :legendfontvalign,
+    :legendfontrotation,
+    :legendfontcolor,
+    :tickfontfamily,
+    :tickfontsize,
+    :tickfonthalign,
+    :tickfontvalign,
+    :tickfontrotation,
+    :tickfontcolor,
+    :guidefontfamily,
+    :guidefontsize,
+    :guidefonthalign,
+    :guidefontvalign,
+    :guidefontrotation,
+    :guidefontcolor,
+    :grid,
+    :gridalpha,
+    :gridstyle,
+    :gridlinewidth,
+    :legend,
+    :legendtitle,
+    :colorbar,
+    :colorbar_title,
+    :colorbar_entry,
+    :fill_z,
+    :line_z,
+    :marker_z,
+    :levels,
+    :ribbon,
+    :quiver,
+    :orientation,
+    :overwrite_figure,
+    :polar,
+    :aspect_ratio,
+    :normalize,
+    :weights,
+    :inset_subplots,
+    :bar_width,
+    :arrow,
+    :framestyle,
+    :tick_direction,
+    :camera,
+    :contour_labels,
+])
+const _pgfplotsx_seriestype = [
+    :path,
+    :scatter,
+    :straightline,
+    :path3d,
+    :scatter3d,
+    :surface,
+    :wireframe,
+    :heatmap,
+    :contour,
+    :contour3d,
+    :shape,
+    :steppre,
+    :stepmid,
+    :steppost,
+    :ysticks,
+    :xsticks,
+]
+const _pgfplotsx_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot, :dashdotdot]
+const _pgfplotsx_marker = [
+    :none,
+    :auto,
+    :circle,
+    :rect,
+    :diamond,
+    :utriangle,
+    :dtriangle,
+    :ltriangle,
+    :rtriangle,
+    :cross,
+    :xcross,
+    :star5,
+    :pentagon,
+    :hline,
+    :vline,
+    Shape,
+]
+const _pgfplotsx_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]
+is_marker_supported(::PGFPlotsXBackend, shape::Shape) = true
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ if length(HDF5PLOT_MAP_TELEM2STR) < 1
        "ARRAY" => Array, #Dict won't allow Array to be key in HDF5PLOT_MAP_TELEM2STR

        #Sub-structure types:
+        "ATTR" => Attr,
        "FONT" => Font,
        "BOUNDINGBOX" => BoundingBox,
        "GRIDLAYOUT" => GridLayout,
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ _hdf5_datapath(subpath::String) = "$_hdf5_dataroot/$subpath"
 _hdf5_map_str2telem(k::String) = HDF5PLOT_MAP_STR2TELEM[k]
 _hdf5_map_str2telem(v::Vector) = HDF5PLOT_MAP_STR2TELEM[v[1]]

-function _hdf5_merge!(dest::Dict, src::Dict)
+function _hdf5_merge!(dest::AKW, src::AKW)
    for (k, v) in src
        if isa(v, Axis)
            _hdf5_merge!(dest[k].plotattributes, v.plotattributes)
@@ -263,6 +264,15 @@ function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Array{T}) where T<:Number #Default
    grp[k] = v
    _hdf5plot_writetype(grp, k, HDF5PlotNative)
 end
+function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Dict)
+#=
+	tstr = string(Dict)
+	path = HDF5.name(grp) * "/" * k
+	@info("Type not supported: $tstr\npath: $path")
+=#
+	#No support for structures with Dicts different than KW (plotattributes)
+end
+
 #=
 function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Array{Any})
 #    @show grp, k
@@ -295,7 +305,8 @@ function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Tuple)
    end
    #NOTE: _hdf5plot_overwritetype overwrites "Array" type with "Tuple".
 end
-function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, plotattributes::Dict)
+function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, plotattributes::KW)
+	#NOTE: Can only write directly to group, not a subi-item
 #    @warn("Cannot write dict: $k=$plotattributes")
 end
 function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::AbstractRange)
@@ -376,13 +387,22 @@ function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Subplot)
    _hdf5plot_writetype(grp, Subplot)
    return
 end
-function _hdf5plot_write(grp, plotattributes::Dict)
+
+function _hdf5plot_write(grp, plotattributes::KW)
    for (k, v) in plotattributes
        kstr = string(k)
        _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, kstr, v)
    end
    return
 end
+function _hdf5plot_write(grp, plotattributes::Attr)
+    for (k, v) in plotattributes
+        kstr = string(k)
+        _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, kstr, v)
+    end
+	_hdf5plot_writetype(grp, Attr)
+end
+

 # Write main plot structures:
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -445,20 +465,14 @@ _hdf5plot_convert(T::Type{Extrema}, v) = Extrema(v[1], v[2])
 # Read data structures:
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type, dtid)
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type)
    v = HDF5.d_read(grp, k)
    return _hdf5plot_convert(T, v)
 end
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Length}, dtid::Vector)
-    v = HDF5.d_read(grp, k)
-    TU = Symbol(dtid[2])
-    T = typeof(v)
-    return Length{TU,T}(v)
-end

 # Read more complex data structures:
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Font}, dtid)
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Font})
    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)

    family = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "family")
@@ -469,7 +483,7 @@ function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Font}, dtid)
    color = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "color")
    return Font(family, pointsize, halign, valign, rotation, color)
 end
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Array}, dtid) #ANY
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Array}) #ANY
    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)
    sz = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "dim")
    if [0] == sz; return []; end
@@ -488,18 +502,18 @@ function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Array}, dtid) #ANY
    result = [result[iter] for iter in eachindex(result)] #Potentially make more specific
    return reshape(result, sz)
 end
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{HDF5CTuple}, dtid)
-    v = _hdf5plot_read(grp, k, Array, dtid)
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{HDF5CTuple})
+    v = _hdf5plot_read(grp, k, Array)
    return tuple(v...)
 end
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{PlotText}, dtid)
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{PlotText})
    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)

    str = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "str")
    font = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "font")
    return PlotText(str, font)
 end
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{SeriesAnnotations}, dtid)
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{SeriesAnnotations})
    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)

    strs = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "strs")
@@ -508,29 +522,29 @@ function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{SeriesAnnotations}, dtid)
    scalefactor = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "scalefactor")
    return SeriesAnnotations(strs, font, baseshape, scalefactor)
 end
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Shape}, dtid)
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Shape})
    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)

    x = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "x")
    y = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "y")
    return Shape(x, y)
 end
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{ColorGradient}, dtid)
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{ColorGradient})
    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)

    colors = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "colors")
    values = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "values")
    return ColorGradient(colors, values)
 end
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{BoundingBox}, dtid)
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{BoundingBox})
    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)

    x0 = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "x0")
    a = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "a")
    return BoundingBox(x0, a)
 end
-_hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{RootLayout}, dtid) = RootLayout()
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{GridLayout}, dtid)
+_hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{RootLayout}) = RootLayout()
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{GridLayout})
    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)

 #    parent = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "parent")
@@ -544,22 +558,36 @@ parent = RootLayout()

    return GridLayout(parent, minpad, bbox, grid, widths, heights, attr)
 end
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Axis}, dtid)
-    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)
-    kwlist = KW()
-    _hdf5plot_read(grp, kwlist)
-    return Axis([], kwlist)
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, T::Type{Attr})
+    attr = Attr(KW(), _plot_defaults)
+    v = _hdf5plot_read(grp, attr)
+    return attr
 end
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Surface}, dtid)
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Axis})
+    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)
+    plotattributes = Attr(KW(), _plot_defaults)
+    _hdf5plot_read(grp, plotattributes)
+    return Axis([], plotattributes)
+end
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Surface})
    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)
    data2d = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "data2d")
    return Surface(data2d)
 end
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Subplot}, dtid)
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Subplot})
    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)
    idx = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "index")
    return HDF5PLOT_PLOTREF.ref.subplots[idx]
 end
+
+#Most types don't need dtid for read!!:
+_hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type, dtid) = _hdf5plot_read(grp, k, T)
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Length}, dtid::Vector)
+    v = HDF5.d_read(grp, k)
+    TU = Symbol(dtid[2])
+    T = typeof(v)
+    return Length{TU,T}(v)
+end
 function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String)
    dtid = HDF5.a_read(grp[k], _hdf5plot_datatypeid)
    T = _hdf5_map_str2telem(dtid) #expect exception
@@ -567,7 +595,7 @@ function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String)
 end

 #Read in values in group to populate plotattributes:
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, plotattributes::Dict)
+function _hdf5plot_readattr(grp, plotattributes::AbstractDict)
    gnames = names(grp)
    for k in gnames
        try
@@ -581,6 +609,8 @@ function _hdf5plot_read(grp, plotattributes::Dict)
    end
    return
 end
+_hdf5plot_read(grp, plotattributes::KW) = _hdf5plot_readattr(grp, plotattributes)
+_hdf5plot_read(grp, plotattributes::Attr) = _hdf5plot_readattr(grp, plotattributes)

 # Read main plot structures:
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -593,17 +623,17 @@ function _hdf5plot_read(sp::Subplot, subpath::String, f)

    for i in 1:nseries
        grp = HDF5.g_open(f, _hdf5_plotelempath("$subpath/series_list/series$i"))
-        kwlist = KW()
-        _hdf5plot_read(grp, kwlist)
-        plot!(sp, kwlist[:x], kwlist[:y]) #Add data & create data structures
-        _hdf5_merge!(sp.series_list[end].plotattributes, kwlist)
+        seriesinfo = Attr(KW(), _plot_defaults)
+        _hdf5plot_read(grp, seriesinfo)
+        plot!(sp, seriesinfo[:x], seriesinfo[:y]) #Add data & create data structures
+        _hdf5_merge!(sp.series_list[end].plotattributes, seriesinfo)
    end

    #Perform after adding series... otherwise values get overwritten:
    grp = HDF5.g_open(f, _hdf5_plotelempath("$subpath/attr"))
-    kwlist = KW()
-    _hdf5plot_read(grp, kwlist)
-    _hdf5_merge!(sp.attr, kwlist)
+    attr = Attr(KW(), _plot_defaults)
+    _hdf5plot_read(grp, attr)
+    _hdf5_merge!(sp.attr, attr)

    return
 end
@@ -121,9 +121,9 @@ function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{InspectDRBackend})
    gplot = _inspectdr_getgui(plt.o)

    #:overwrite_figure: want to reuse current figure
-    if plt[:overwrite_figure] && mplot != nothing
+    if plt[:overwrite_figure] && mplot !== nothing
        mplot.subplots = [] #Reset
-        if gplot != nothing #Ensure still references current plot
+        if gplot !== nothing #Ensure still references current plot
            gplot.src = mplot
        end
    else #want new one:
@@ -294,8 +294,8 @@ function _inspectdr_setupsubplot(sp::Subplot{InspectDRBackend})

        plot.xscale = _inspectdr_getscale(xaxis[:scale], false)
        strip.yscale = _inspectdr_getscale(yaxis[:scale], true)
-        xmin, xmax  = axis_limits(xaxis)
-        ymin, ymax  = axis_limits(yaxis)
+        xmin, xmax  = axis_limits(sp, :x)
+        ymin, ymax  = axis_limits(sp, :y)
        if ispolar(sp)
            #Plots.jl appears to give (xmin,xmax) ≜ (Θmin,Θmax) & (ymin,ymax) ≜ (rmin,rmax)
            rmax = NaNMath.max(abs(ymin), abs(ymax))
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+function plotlybase_syncplot(plt::Plot)
+    plt.o = ORCA.PlotlyBase.Plot()
+    traces = ORCA.PlotlyBase.GenericTrace[]
+    for series_dict in plotly_series(plt)
+        plotly_type = pop!(series_dict, :type)
+        push!(traces, ORCA.PlotlyBase.GenericTrace(plotly_type; series_dict...))
+    end
+    ORCA.PlotlyBase.addtraces!(plt.o, traces...)
+    layout = plotly_layout(plt)
+    w, h = plt[:size]
+    ORCA.PlotlyBase.relayout!(plt.o, layout, width = w, height = h)
+    return plt.o
+end
+
+const _orca_mimeformats = Dict(
+    "application/pdf" => "pdf",
+    "image/png"       => "png",
+    "image/svg+xml"   => "svg",
+    "image/eps"       => "eps",
+)
+
+for (mime, fmt) in _orca_mimeformats
+    @eval _show(io::IO, ::MIME{Symbol($mime)}, plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}) = ORCA.PlotlyBase.savefig(io, plotlybase_syncplot(plt), format = $fmt)
+end
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ const _pgfplots_markers = KW(
    :star6 => "asterisk",
    :diamond => "diamond*",
    :pentagon => "pentagon*",
-    :hline => "-"
+    :hline => "-",
+    :vline => "|"
 )

 const _pgfplots_legend_pos = KW(
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ pgf_thickness_scaling(series) = pgf_thickness_scaling(series[:subplot])
 function pgf_fillstyle(plotattributes, i = 1)
    cstr,a = pgf_color(get_fillcolor(plotattributes, i))
    fa = get_fillalpha(plotattributes, i)
-    if fa != nothing
+    if fa !== nothing
        a = fa
    end
    "fill = $cstr, fill opacity=$a"
@@ -127,16 +128,18 @@ function pgf_marker(plotattributes, i = 1)
    shape = _cycle(plotattributes[:markershape], i)
    cstr, a = pgf_color(plot_color(get_markercolor(plotattributes, i), get_markeralpha(plotattributes, i)))
    cstr_stroke, a_stroke = pgf_color(plot_color(get_markerstrokecolor(plotattributes, i), get_markerstrokealpha(plotattributes, i)))
-    """
-    mark = $(get(_pgfplots_markers, shape, "*")),
-    mark size = $(pgf_thickness_scaling(plotattributes) * 0.5 * _cycle(plotattributes[:markersize], i)),
-    mark options = {
-        color = $cstr_stroke, draw opacity = $a_stroke,
-        fill = $cstr, fill opacity = $a,
-        line width = $(pgf_thickness_scaling(plotattributes) * _cycle(plotattributes[:markerstrokewidth], i)),
-        rotate = $(shape == :dtriangle ? 180 : 0),
-        $(get(_pgfplots_linestyles, _cycle(plotattributes[:markerstrokestyle], i), "solid"))
-    }"""
+    return string(
+        "mark = $(get(_pgfplots_markers, shape, "*")),\n",
+        "mark size = $(pgf_thickness_scaling(plotattributes) * 0.5 * _cycle(plotattributes[:markersize], i)),\n",
+        plotattributes[:seriestype] == :scatter ? "only marks,\n" : "",
+        "mark options = {
+            color = $cstr_stroke, draw opacity = $a_stroke,
+            fill = $cstr, fill opacity = $a,
+            line width = $(pgf_thickness_scaling(plotattributes) * _cycle(plotattributes[:markerstrokewidth], i)),
+            rotate = $(shape == :dtriangle ? 180 : 0),
+            $(get(_pgfplots_linestyles, _cycle(plotattributes[:markerstrokestyle], i), "solid"))
+        }"
+        )
 end

 function pgf_add_annotation!(o, x, y, val, thickness_scaling = 1)
@@ -170,18 +173,18 @@ function pgf_series(sp::Subplot, series::Series)
    elseif st == :shape
        shape_data(series)
    elseif ispolar(sp)
-        theta, r = filter_radial_data(plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y], axis_limits(sp[:yaxis]))
+        theta, r = plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y]
        rad2deg.(theta), r
    else
        plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y]
    end

    # PGFPlots can't handle non-Vector?
-    args = map(a -> if typeof(a) <: AbstractVector && typeof(a) != Vector
-            collect(a)
-        else
-            a
-        end, args)
+    # args = map(a -> if typeof(a) <: AbstractVector && typeof(a) != Vector
+    #         collect(a)
+    #     else
+    #         a
+    #     end, args)

    if st in (:contour, :histogram2d)
        style = []
@@ -215,12 +218,12 @@ function pgf_series(sp::Subplot, series::Series)

            # add to legend?
            if i == 1 && sp[:legend] != :none && should_add_to_legend(series)
-                if plotattributes[:fillrange] != nothing
+                if plotattributes[:fillrange] !== nothing
                    push!(style, "forget plot")
                    push!(series_collection, pgf_fill_legend_hack(plotattributes, args))
                else
                    kw[:legendentry] = plotattributes[:label]
-                    if st == :shape # || plotattributes[:fillrange] != nothing
+                    if st == :shape # || plotattributes[:fillrange] !== nothing
                        push!(style, "area legend")
                    end
                end
@@ -237,7 +240,7 @@ function pgf_series(sp::Subplot, series::Series)
            kw[:style] = join(style, ',')

            # add fillrange
-            if series[:fillrange] != nothing && st != :shape
+            if series[:fillrange] !== nothing && st != :shape
                push!(series_collection, pgf_fillrange_series(series, i, _cycle(series[:fillrange], rng), seg_args...))
            end

@@ -360,13 +363,13 @@ function pgf_axis(sp::Subplot, letter)
    # limits
    # TODO: support zlims
    if letter != :z
-        lims = ispolar(sp) && letter == :x ? rad2deg.(axis_limits(axis)) : axis_limits(axis)
+        lims = ispolar(sp) && letter == :x ? rad2deg.(axis_limits(sp, :x)) : axis_limits(sp, letter)
        kw[Symbol(letter,:min)] = lims[1]
        kw[Symbol(letter,:max)] = lims[2]
    end

    if !(axis[:ticks] in (nothing, false, :none, :native)) && framestyle != :none
-        ticks = get_ticks(axis)
+        ticks = get_ticks(sp, axis)
        #pgf plot ignores ticks with angle below 90 when xmin = 90 so shift values
        tick_values = ispolar(sp) && letter == :x ? [rad2deg.(ticks[1])[3:end]..., 360, 405] : ticks[1]
        push!(style, string(letter, "tick = {", join(tick_values,","), "}"))
@@ -398,8 +401,12 @@ function pgf_axis(sp::Subplot, letter)
    # framestyle
    if framestyle in (:axes, :origin)
        axispos = framestyle == :axes ? "left" : "middle"
-        # the * after lines disables the arrows at the axes
-        push!(style, string("axis lines* = ", axispos))
+        if axis[:draw_arrow]
+            push!(style, string("axis ", letter, " line = ", axispos))
+        else
+            # the * after line disables the arrow at the axis
+            push!(style, string("axis ", letter, " line* = ", axispos))
+        end
    end

    if framestyle == :zerolines
@@ -463,7 +470,7 @@ function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{PGFPlotsBackend})
            push!(style, string("title style = {font = ", pgf_font(sp[:titlefontsize], pgf_thickness_scaling(sp)), ", color = ", cstr, ", draw opacity = ", α, ", rotate = ", sp[:titlefontrotation], "}"))
        end

-        if sp[:aspect_ratio] in (1, :equal)
+        if get_aspect_ratio(sp) in (1, :equal)
            kw[:axisEqual] = "true"
        end

@@ -471,8 +478,18 @@ function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{PGFPlotsBackend})
        if haskey(_pgfplots_legend_pos, legpos)
            kw[:legendPos] = _pgfplots_legend_pos[legpos]
        end
-        cstr, a = pgf_color(plot_color(sp[:background_color_legend]))
-        push!(style, string("legend style = {", pgf_linestyle(pgf_thickness_scaling(sp), sp[:foreground_color_legend], 1.0, "solid"), ",", "fill = $cstr,", "font = ", pgf_font(sp[:legendfontsize], pgf_thickness_scaling(sp)), "}"))
+        cstr, bg_alpha = pgf_color(plot_color(sp[:background_color_legend]))
+        fg_alpha = alpha(plot_color(sp[:foreground_color_legend]))
+
+        push!(style, string(
+            "legend style = {",
+                pgf_linestyle(pgf_thickness_scaling(sp), sp[:foreground_color_legend], fg_alpha, "solid", ), ",",
+                "fill = $cstr,",
+                "fill opacity = $bg_alpha,",
+                "text opacity = $(alpha(plot_color(sp[:legendfontcolor]))),",
+                "font = ", pgf_font(sp[:legendfontsize], pgf_thickness_scaling(sp)),
+            "}",
+        ))

        if any(s[:seriestype] == :contour for s in series_list(sp))
            kw[:view] = "{0}{90}"
@@ -563,7 +580,7 @@ end

 function _show(io::IO, mime::MIME"application/x-tex", plt::Plot{PGFPlotsBackend})
    fn = tempname()*".tex"
-    PGFPlots.save(fn, backend_object(plt), include_preamble=false)
+    PGFPlots.save(fn, backend_object(plt), include_preamble=plt.attr[:tex_output_standalone])
    write(io, read(open(fn), String))
 end

@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ const plotly_remote_file_path = "https://cdn.plot.ly/plotly-latest.min.js"
 # end
 using UUIDs

-push!(_initialized_backends, :plotly)
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

 const _plotly_legend_pos = KW(
@@ -109,13 +108,13 @@ function shrink_by(lo, sz, ratio)
 end

 function plotly_apply_aspect_ratio(sp::Subplot, plotarea, pcts)
-    aspect_ratio = sp[:aspect_ratio]
+    aspect_ratio = get_aspect_ratio(sp)
    if aspect_ratio != :none
        if aspect_ratio == :equal
            aspect_ratio = 1.0
        end
-        xmin,xmax = axis_limits(sp[:xaxis])
-        ymin,ymax = axis_limits(sp[:yaxis])
+        xmin,xmax = axis_limits(sp, :x)
+        ymin,ymax = axis_limits(sp, :y)
        want_ratio = ((xmax-xmin) / (ymax-ymin)) / aspect_ratio
        parea_ratio = width(plotarea) / height(plotarea)
        if want_ratio > parea_ratio
@@ -174,7 +173,7 @@ function plotly_axis(plt::Plot, axis::Axis, sp::Subplot)

    ax[:tickangle] = -axis[:rotation]
    ax[:type] = plotly_scale(axis[:scale])
-    lims = axis_limits(axis)
+    lims = axis_limits(sp, letter)

    if axis[:ticks] != :native || axis[:lims] != :auto
        ax[:range] = map(scalefunc(axis[:scale]), lims)
@@ -186,14 +185,9 @@ function plotly_axis(plt::Plot, axis::Axis, sp::Subplot)
        ax[:tickcolor] = framestyle in (:zerolines, :grid) || !axis[:showaxis] ? rgba_string(invisible()) : rgb_string(axis[:foreground_color_axis])
        ax[:linecolor] = rgba_string(axis[:foreground_color_axis])

-        # flip
-        if axis[:flip]
-            ax[:range] = reverse(ax[:range])
-        end
-
        # ticks
        if axis[:ticks] != :native
-            ticks = get_ticks(axis)
+            ticks = get_ticks(sp, axis)
            ttype = ticksType(ticks)
            if ttype == :ticks
                ax[:tickmode] = "array"
@@ -208,20 +202,24 @@ function plotly_axis(plt::Plot, axis::Axis, sp::Subplot)
        ax[:showgrid] = false
    end

+    # flip
+    if axis[:flip]
+        ax[:range] = reverse(ax[:range])
+    end

    ax
 end

-function plotly_polaraxis(axis::Axis)
+function plotly_polaraxis(sp::Subplot, axis::Axis)
    ax = KW(
        :visible => axis[:showaxis],
        :showline => axis[:grid],
    )

    if axis[:letter] == :x
-        ax[:range] = rad2deg.(axis_limits(axis))
+        ax[:range] = rad2deg.(axis_limits(sp, :x))
    else
-        ax[:range] = axis_limits(axis)
+        ax[:range] = axis_limits(sp, :y)
        ax[:orientation] = -90
    end

@@ -284,8 +282,8 @@ function plotly_layout(plt::Plot)
                ),
            )
        elseif ispolar(sp)
-            plotattributes_out[Symbol("angularaxis$(spidx)")] = plotly_polaraxis(sp[:xaxis])
-            plotattributes_out[Symbol("radialaxis$(spidx)")] = plotly_polaraxis(sp[:yaxis])
+            plotattributes_out[Symbol("angularaxis$(spidx)")] = plotly_polaraxis(sp, sp[:xaxis])
+            plotattributes_out[Symbol("radialaxis$(spidx)")] = plotly_polaraxis(sp, sp[:yaxis])
        else
            plotattributes_out[Symbol("xaxis$(x_idx)")] = plotly_axis(plt, sp[:xaxis], sp)
            # don't allow yaxis to be reupdated/reanchored in a linked subplot
@@ -348,14 +346,14 @@ function plotly_layout(plt::Plot)
 end

 function plotly_layout_json(plt::Plot)
-    JSON.json(plotly_layout(plt))
+    JSON.json(plotly_layout(plt), 4)
 end


 function plotly_colorscale(grad::ColorGradient, α)
-    [[grad.values[i], rgba_string(plot_color(grad.colors[i], α))] for i in 1:length(grad.colors)]
+    [[grad.values[i], rgba_string(plot_color(grad.colors[i], α))] for i in eachindex(grad.colors)]
 end
-plotly_colorscale(c, α) = plotly_colorscale(cgrad(alpha=α), α)
+plotly_colorscale(c::Colorant,α) = plotly_colorscale(_as_gradient(c),α)
 function plotly_colorscale(c::AbstractVector{<:RGBA}, α)
    if length(c) == 1
        return [[0.0, rgba_string(plot_color(c[1], α))], [1.0, rgba_string(plot_color(c[1], α))]]
@@ -394,7 +392,7 @@ end
 # we split by NaNs and then construct/destruct the shapes to get the closed coords
 function plotly_close_shapes(x, y)
    xs, ys = nansplit(x), nansplit(y)
-    for i=1:length(xs)
+    for i=eachindex(xs)
        shape = Shape(xs[i], ys[i])
        xs[i], ys[i] = coords(shape)
    end
@@ -404,7 +402,7 @@ end
 function plotly_data(series::Series, letter::Symbol, data)
    axis = series[:subplot][Symbol(letter, :axis)]

-    data = if axis[:ticks] == :native && data != nothing
+    data = if axis[:ticks] == :native && data !== nothing
        plotly_native_data(axis, data)
    else
       data
@@ -416,7 +414,8 @@ function plotly_data(series::Series, letter::Symbol, data)
        plotly_data(data)
    end
 end
-plotly_data(v) = v != nothing ? collect(v) : v
+plotly_data(v) = v !== nothing ? collect(v) : v
+plotly_data(v::AbstractArray) = v
 plotly_data(surf::Surface) = surf.surf
 plotly_data(v::AbstractArray{R}) where {R<:Rational} = float(v)

@@ -437,7 +436,7 @@ plotly_native_data(axis::Axis, a::Surface) = Surface(plotly_native_data(axis, a.

 function plotly_convert_to_datetime(x::AbstractArray, formatter::Function)
    if formatter == datetimeformatter
-        map(xi -> replace(formatter(xi), "T", " "), x)
+        map(xi -> replace(formatter(xi), "T" => " "), x)
    elseif formatter == dateformatter
        map(xi -> string(formatter(xi), " 00:00:00"), x)
    elseif formatter == timeformatter
@@ -455,7 +454,7 @@ function plotly_series(plt::Plot, series::Series)
    st = series[:seriestype]

    sp = series[:subplot]
-    clims = get_clims(sp)
+    clims = get_clims(sp, series)

    if st == :shape
        return plotly_series_shapes(plt, series, clims)
@@ -470,7 +469,7 @@ function plotly_series(plt::Plot, series::Series)
    plotattributes_out[:showlegend] = should_add_to_legend(series)

    if st == :straightline
-        x, y = straightline_data(series)
+        x, y = straightline_data(series, 100)
        z = series[:z]
    else
        x, y, z  = series[:x], series[:y], series[:z]
@@ -507,13 +506,13 @@ function plotly_series(plt::Plot, series::Series)
        plotattributes_out[:showscale] = hascolorbar(sp)

    elseif st == :contour
+        filled = isfilledcontour(series)
        plotattributes_out[:type] = "contour"
        plotattributes_out[:x], plotattributes_out[:y], plotattributes_out[:z] = x, y, z
-        # plotattributes_out[:showscale] = series[:colorbar] != :none
-        plotattributes_out[:ncontours] = series[:levels]
-        plotattributes_out[:contours] = KW(:coloring => series[:fillrange] != nothing ? "fill" : "lines", :showlabels => series[:contour_labels] == true)
+        plotattributes_out[:ncontours] = series[:levels] + 2
+        plotattributes_out[:contours] = KW(:coloring => filled ? "fill" : "lines", :showlabels => series[:contour_labels] == true)
        plotattributes_out[:colorscale] = plotly_colorscale(series[:linecolor], series[:linealpha])
-        plotattributes_out[:showscale] = hascolorbar(sp)
+        plotattributes_out[:showscale] = hascolorbar(sp) && hascolorbar(series)

    elseif st in (:surface, :wireframe)
        plotattributes_out[:type] = "surface"
@@ -530,7 +529,7 @@ function plotly_series(plt::Plot, series::Series)
        else
            plotattributes_out[:colorscale] = plotly_colorscale(series[:fillcolor], series[:fillalpha])
            plotattributes_out[:opacity] = series[:fillalpha]
-            if series[:fill_z] != nothing
+            if series[:fill_z] !== nothing
                plotattributes_out[:surfacecolor] = plotly_surface_data(series, series[:fill_z])
            end
            plotattributes_out[:showscale] = hascolorbar(sp)
@@ -585,7 +584,7 @@ function plotly_series_shapes(plt::Plot, series::Series, clims)
    )

    x, y = (plotly_data(series, letter, data)
-        for (letter, data) in zip((:x, :y), shape_data(series))
+        for (letter, data) in zip((:x, :y), shape_data(series, 100))
    )

    for (i,rng) in enumerate(segments)
@@ -612,11 +611,11 @@ function plotly_series_shapes(plt::Plot, series::Series, clims)
        plotly_hover!(plotattributes_out, _cycle(series[:hover], i))
        plotattributes_outs[i] = plotattributes_out
    end
-    if series[:fill_z] != nothing
+    if series[:fill_z] !== nothing
        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :fill))
-    elseif series[:line_z] != nothing
+    elseif series[:line_z] !== nothing
        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :line))
-    elseif series[:marker_z] != nothing
+    elseif series[:marker_z] !== nothing
        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :marker))
    end
    plotattributes_outs
@@ -632,11 +631,9 @@ function plotly_series_segments(series::Series, plotattributes_base::KW, x, y, z
        (isa(series[:fillrange], AbstractVector) || isa(series[:fillrange], Tuple))

    segments = iter_segments(series)
-    plotattributes_outs = Vector{KW}(undef, (hasfillrange ? 2 : 1 ) * length(segments))
+    plotattributes_outs = fill(KW(), (hasfillrange ? 2 : 1 ) * length(segments))

    for (i,rng) in enumerate(segments)
-        !isscatter && length(rng) < 2 && continue
-
        plotattributes_out = deepcopy(plotattributes_base)
        plotattributes_out[:showlegend] = i==1 ? should_add_to_legend(series) : false
        plotattributes_out[:legendgroup] = series[:label]
@@ -736,11 +733,11 @@ function plotly_series_segments(series::Series, plotattributes_base::KW, x, y, z
        end
    end

-    if series[:line_z] != nothing
+    if series[:line_z] !== nothing
        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :line))
-    elseif series[:fill_z] != nothing
+    elseif series[:fill_z] !== nothing
        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :fill))
-    elseif series[:marker_z] != nothing
+    elseif series[:marker_z] !== nothing
        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :marker))
    end

@@ -775,7 +772,7 @@ end
 function plotly_polar!(plotattributes_out::KW, series::Series)
    # convert polar plots x/y to theta/radius
    if ispolar(series[:subplot])
-        theta, r = filter_radial_data(pop!(plotattributes_out, :x), pop!(plotattributes_out, :y), axis_limits(series[:subplot][:yaxis]))
+        theta, r = pop!(plotattributes_out, :x), pop!(plotattributes_out, :y)
        plotattributes_out[:t] = rad2deg.(theta)
        plotattributes_out[:r] = r
    end
@@ -783,9 +780,9 @@ end

 function plotly_hover!(plotattributes_out::KW, hover)
    # hover text
-    if hover in (:none, false)
+    if hover === nothing || all(in([:none, false]), hover)
        plotattributes_out[:hoverinfo] = "none"
-    elseif hover != nothing
+    elseif any(!isnothing, hover)
        plotattributes_out[:hoverinfo] = "text"
        plotattributes_out[:text] = hover
    end
@@ -801,13 +798,16 @@ function plotly_series(plt::Plot)
 end

 # get json string for a list of dictionaries, each representing the series params
-plotly_series_json(plt::Plot) = JSON.json(plotly_series(plt))
+plotly_series_json(plt::Plot) = JSON.json(plotly_series(plt), 4)

 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

+html_head(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}) = plotly_html_head(plt)
+html_body(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}) = plotly_html_body(plt)
+
 const ijulia_initialized = Ref(false)

-function html_head(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend})
+function plotly_html_head(plt::Plot)
    local_file = ("file://" * plotly_local_file_path)
    plotly = use_local_dependencies[] ? local_file : plotly_remote_file_path
    if isijulia() && !ijulia_initialized[]
@@ -823,13 +823,11 @@ function html_head(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend})
        """)
        ijulia_initialized[] = true
    end
-    # IJulia just needs one initialization
-    isijulia() && return ""
    return "<script src=$(repr(plotly))></script>"
 end

-function html_body(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}, style = nothing)
-    if style == nothing
+function plotly_html_body(plt, style = nothing)
+    if style === nothing
        w, h = plt[:size]
        style = "width:$(w)px;height:$(h)px;"
    end
@@ -844,21 +842,36 @@ function html_body(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}, style = nothing)
    html
 end

-function js_body(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}, uuid)
+function js_body(plt::Plot, uuid)
    js = """
        PLOT = document.getElementById('$(uuid)');
        Plotly.plot(PLOT, $(plotly_series_json(plt)), $(plotly_layout_json(plt)));
    """
 end

+function plotly_show_js(io::IO, plot::Plot)
+    data = []
+    for series in plot.series_list
+        append!(data, plotly_series(plot, series))
+    end
+    layout = plotly_layout(plot)
+    JSON.print(io, Dict(:data => data, :layout => layout))
+end

 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

+Base.showable(::MIME"application/prs.juno.plotpane+html", plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}) = true
+
+function _show(io::IO, ::MIME"application/vnd.plotly.v1+json", plot::Plot{PlotlyBackend})
+    plotly_show_js(io, plot)
+end
+

 function _show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend})
-    write(io, html_head(plt) * html_body(plt))
+    write(io, standalone_html(plt))
 end

+
 function _display(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend})
    standalone_html_window(plt)
 end
@@ -1,91 +1,49 @@
+# https://github.com/sglyon/PlotlyJS.jl

-# https://github.com/spencerlyon2/PlotlyJS.jl
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
-    if !isplotnull() && plt[:overwrite_figure] && isa(current().o, PlotlyJS.SyncPlot)
-        PlotlyJS.SyncPlot(PlotlyJS.Plot(), options = current().o.options)
-    else
-        PlotlyJS.plot()
+function plotlyjs_syncplot(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
+    plt[:overwrite_figure] && closeall()
+    plt.o = PlotlyJS.plot()
+    traces = PlotlyJS.GenericTrace[]
+    for series_dict in plotly_series(plt)
+        plotly_type = pop!(series_dict, :type)
+        push!(traces, PlotlyJS.GenericTrace(plotly_type; series_dict...))
    end
+    PlotlyJS.addtraces!(plt.o, traces...)
+    layout = plotly_layout(plt)
+    w, h = plt[:size]
+    PlotlyJS.relayout!(plt.o, layout, width = w, height = h)
+    return plt.o
 end

+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-function _series_added(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}, series::Series)
-    syncplot = plt.o
-    pdicts = plotly_series(plt, series)
-    for pdict in pdicts
-        typ = pop!(pdict, :type)
-        gt = PlotlyJS.GenericTrace(typ; pdict...)
-        PlotlyJS.addtraces!(syncplot, gt)
-    end
+const _plotlyjs_mimeformats = Dict(
+    "application/pdf" => "pdf",
+    "image/png"       => "png",
+    "image/svg+xml"   => "svg",
+    "image/eps"       => "eps",
+)
+
+for (mime, fmt) in _plotlyjs_mimeformats
+    @eval _show(io::IO, ::MIME{Symbol($mime)}, plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = PlotlyJS.savefig(io, plotlyjs_syncplot(plt), format = $fmt)
 end

-function _series_updated(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}, series::Series)
-    xsym, ysym = (ispolar(series) ? (:t,:r) : (:x,:y))
-    kw = KW(xsym => (series.plotattributes[:x],), ysym => (series.plotattributes[:y],))
-    z = series[:z]
-    if z != nothing
-        kw[:z] = (isa(z,Surface) ? transpose_z(series, series[:z].surf, false) : z,)
-    end
-    PlotlyJS.restyle!(
-        plt.o,
-        findfirst(isequal(series), plt.series_list),
-        kw
-    )
-end
+# Use the Plotly implementation for json and html:
+_show(io::IO, mime::MIME"application/vnd.plotly.v1+json", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotly_show_js(io, plt)

+html_head(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotly_html_head(plt)
+html_body(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotly_html_body(plt)

-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+_show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = write(io, standalone_html(plt))

-function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
-    pdict = plotly_layout(plt)
-    syncplot = plt.o
-    w,h = plt[:size]
-    PlotlyJS.relayout!(syncplot, pdict, width = w, height = h)
-end
-
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-function _show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
-    if isijulia() && !_use_remote[]
-        write(io, PlotlyJS.html_body(PlotlyJS.JupyterPlot(plt.o)))
-    else
-        show(io, MIME("text/html"), plt.o)
-    end
-end
-
-function plotlyjs_save_hack(io::IO, plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}, ext::String)
-    tmpfn = tempname() * "." * ext
-    PlotlyJS.savefig(plt.o, tmpfn)
-    write(io, read(open(tmpfn)))
-end
-_show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/svg+xml", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotlyjs_save_hack(io, plt, "svg")
-_show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotlyjs_save_hack(io, plt, "png")
-_show(io::IO, ::MIME"application/pdf", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotlyjs_save_hack(io, plt, "pdf")
-_show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/eps", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotlyjs_save_hack(io, plt, "eps")
-
-function write_temp_html(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
-    filename = string(tempname(), ".html")
-    savefig(plt, filename)
-    filename
-end
-
-function _display(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
-    if get(ENV, "PLOTS_USE_ATOM_PLOTPANE", true) in (true, 1, "1", "true", "yes")
-        display(plt.o)
-    else
-        standalone_html_window(plt)
-    end
-end
+_display(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = display(plotlyjs_syncplot(plt))

@require WebIO = "0f1e0344-ec1d-5b48-a673-e5cf874b6c29" begin
    function WebIO.render(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
-        prepare_output(plt)
-        WebIO.render(plt.o)
+        plt_html = sprint(show, MIME("text/html"), plt)
+        return WebIO.render(dom"div"(innerHTML=plt_html))
    end
 end

@@ -94,3 +52,5 @@ function closeall(::PlotlyJSBackend)
        close(current().o)
    end
 end
+
+Base.showable(::MIME"application/prs.juno.plotpane+html", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = true
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ function rebuildUnicodePlot!(plt::Plot, width, height)
    for sp in plt.subplots
        xaxis = sp[:xaxis]
        yaxis = sp[:yaxis]
-        xlim =  axis_limits(xaxis)
-        ylim =  axis_limits(yaxis)
+        xlim =  axis_limits(sp, :x)
+        ylim =  axis_limits(sp, :y)

        # make vectors
        xlim = [xlim[1], xlim[2]]
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ end


 # add a single series
-function addUnicodeSeries!(o, plotattributes::KW, addlegend::Bool, xlim, ylim)
+function addUnicodeSeries!(o, plotattributes, addlegend::Bool, xlim, ylim)
    # get the function, or special handling for step/bar/hist
    st = plotattributes[:seriestype]
    if st == :histogram2d
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ function addUnicodeSeries!(o, plotattributes::KW, addlegend::Bool, xlim, ylim)
    x, y = if st == :straightline
        straightline_data(plotattributes)
    elseif st == :shape
-        shape_data(series)
+        shape_data(plotattributes)
    else
        [collect(float(plotattributes[s])) for s in (:x, :y)]
    end
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@


-const P2 = StaticArrays.SVector{2,Float64}
-const P3 = StaticArrays.SVector{3,Float64}
+const P2 = GeometryTypes.Point2{Float64}
+const P3 = GeometryTypes.Point3{Float64}

 nanpush!(a::AbstractVector{P2}, b) = (push!(a, P2(NaN,NaN)); push!(a, b))
 nanappend!(a::AbstractVector{P2}, b) = (push!(a, P2(NaN,NaN)); append!(a, b))
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ end
 function scale!(shape::Shape, x::Real, y::Real = x, c = center(shape))
    sx, sy = coords(shape)
    cx, cy = c
-    for i=1:length(sx)
+    for i=eachindex(sx)
        sx[i] = (sx[i] - cx) * x + cx
        sy[i] = (sy[i] - cy) * y + cy
    end
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ end
 "translate a Shape in space"
 function translate!(shape::Shape, x::Real, y::Real = x)
    sx, sy = coords(shape)
-    for i=1:length(sx)
+    for i=eachindex(sx)
        sx[i] += x
        sy[i] += y
    end
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ end
 function rotate!(shape::Shape, Θ::Real, c = center(shape))
    x, y = coords(shape)
    cx, cy = c
-    for i=1:length(x)
+    for i=eachindex(x)
        xi = rotate_x(x[i], y[i], Θ, cx, cy)
        yi = rotate_y(x[i], y[i], Θ, cx, cy)
        x[i], y[i] = xi, yi
@@ -256,8 +256,24 @@ mutable struct Font
  color::Colorant
 end

-"Create a Font from a list of unordered features"
-function font(args...)
+"""
+    font(args...)
+Create a Font from a list of features. Values may be specified either as
+arguments (which are distinguished by type/value) or as keyword arguments.
+# Arguments
+- `family`: AbstractString. "serif" or "sans-serif" or "monospace"
+- `pointsize`: Integer. Size of font in points
+- `halign`: Symbol. Horizontal alignment (:hcenter, :left, or :right)
+- `valign`: Symbol. Vertical aligment (:vcenter, :top, or :bottom)
+- `rotation`: Real. Angle of rotation for text in degrees (use a non-integer type)
+- `color`: Colorant or Symbol
+# Examples
+```julia-repl
+julia> font(8)
+julia> font(family="serif",halign=:center,rotation=45.0)
+```
+"""
+function font(args...;kw...)

  # defaults
  family = "sans-serif"
@@ -301,6 +317,32 @@ function font(args...)
    end
  end

+  for symbol in keys(kw)
+    if symbol == :family
+      family = kw[:family]
+    elseif symbol == :pointsize
+      pointsize = kw[:pointsize]
+    elseif symbol == :halign
+      halign = kw[:halign]
+      if halign == :center
+        halign = :hcenter
+      end
+      @assert halign in (:hcenter, :left, :right)
+    elseif symbol == :valign
+      valign = kw[:valign]
+      if valign == :center
+        valign = :vcenter
+      end
+      @assert valign in (:vcenter, :top, :bottom)
+    elseif symbol == :rotation
+      rotation = kw[:rotation]
+    elseif symbol == :color
+      color = parse(Colorant, kw[:color])
+    else
+      @warn("Unused font kwarg: $symbol")
+    end
+  end
+
  Font(family, pointsize, halign, valign, rotation, color)
 end

@@ -344,15 +386,16 @@ end
 PlotText(str) = PlotText(string(str), font())

 """
-    text(string, args...)
+    text(string, args...; kw...)

-Create a PlotText object wrapping a string with font info, for plot annotations
+Create a PlotText object wrapping a string with font info, for plot annotations.
+`args` and `kw` are passed to `font`.
 """
 text(t::PlotText) = t
 text(t::PlotText, font::Font) = PlotText(t.str, font)
 text(str::AbstractString, f::Font) = PlotText(str, f)
-function text(str, args...)
-  PlotText(string(str), font(args...))
+function text(str, args...;kw...)
+  PlotText(string(str), font(args...;kw...))
 end

 Base.length(t::PlotText) = length(t.str)
@@ -486,7 +529,7 @@ function series_annotations_shapes!(series::Series, scaletype::Symbol = :pixels)
    # end

    # @show msw msh
-    if anns != nothing && anns.baseshape != nothing
+    if anns !== nothing && anns.baseshape !== nothing
        # we use baseshape to overwrite the markershape attribute
        # with a list of custom shapes for each
        msw,msh = anns.scalefactor
@@ -525,7 +568,7 @@ mutable struct EachAnn
 end

 function Base.iterate(ea::EachAnn, i = 1)
-    if ea.anns == nothing || isempty(ea.anns.strs) || i > length(ea.y)
+    if ea.anns === nothing || isempty(ea.anns.strs) || i > length(ea.y)
        return nothing
    end

@@ -548,13 +591,17 @@ annotations(sa::SeriesAnnotations) = sa
 function process_annotation(sp::Subplot, xs, ys, labs, font = font())
    anns = []
    labs = makevec(labs)
-    for i in 1:max(length(xs), length(ys), length(labs))
-        x, y, lab = _cycle(xs, i), _cycle(ys, i), _cycle(labs, i)
+    xlength = length(methods(length, (typeof(xs),))) == 0 ? 1 : length(xs)
+    ylength = length(methods(length, (typeof(ys),))) == 0 ? 1 : length(ys)
+    for i in 1:max(xlength, ylength, length(labs))
+      x, y, lab = _cycle(xs, i), _cycle(ys, i), _cycle(labs, i)
+        x = typeof(x) <: TimeType ? Dates.value(x) : x  
+        y = typeof(y) <: TimeType ? Dates.value(y) : y  
        if lab == :auto
            alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
            push!(anns, (x, y, text(string("(", alphabet[sp[:subplot_index]], ")"), font)))
        else
-            push!(anns, (x, y, isa(lab, PlotText) ? lab : text(lab, font)))
+            push!(anns, (x, y, isa(lab, PlotText) ? lab : isa(lab, Tuple) ? text(lab...) : text(lab, font)))
        end
    end
    anns
@@ -569,7 +616,7 @@ function process_annotation(sp::Subplot, positions::Union{AVec{Symbol},Symbol},
            alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
            push!(anns, (pos, text(string("(", alphabet[sp[:subplot_index]], ")"), font)))
        else
-            push!(anns, (pos, isa(lab, PlotText) ? lab : text(lab, font)))
+            push!(anns, (pos, isa(lab, PlotText) ? lab : isa(lab, Tuple) ? text(lab...) : text(lab, font)))
        end
    end
    anns
@@ -616,8 +663,8 @@ Surface(f::Function, x, y) = Surface(Float64[f(xi,yi) for yi in y, xi in x])

 Base.Array(surf::Surface) = surf.surf

-for f in (:length, :size)
-  @eval Base.$f(surf::Surface, args...) = $f(surf.surf, args...)
+for f in (:length, :size, :axes)
+    @eval Base.$f(surf::Surface, args...) = $f(surf.surf, args...)
 end
 Base.copy(surf::Surface) = Surface(copy(surf.surf))
 Base.eltype(surf::Surface{T}) where {T} = eltype(T)
@@ -736,7 +783,7 @@ end

 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 "create a BezierCurve for plotting"
-mutable struct BezierCurve{T <: StaticArrays.SVector}
+mutable struct BezierCurve{T <: GeometryTypes.Point}
    control_points::Vector{T}
 end

@@ -749,12 +796,9 @@ function (bc::BezierCurve)(t::Real)
    p
 end

-# mean(x::Real, y::Real) = 0.5*(x+y) #commented out as I cannot see this used anywhere and it overwrites a Base method with different functionality
-# mean{N,T<:Real}(ps::StaticArrays.SVector{N,T}...) = sum(ps) / length(ps) # I also could not see this used anywhere, and it's type piracy - implementing a NaNMath version for this would just involve converting to a standard array
-
@deprecate curve_points coords

-coords(curve::BezierCurve, n::Integer = 30; range = [0,1]) = map(curve, range(range..., stop=n, length=50))
+coords(curve::BezierCurve, n::Integer = 30; range = [0,1]) = map(curve, Base.range(range..., length=n))

 # build a BezierCurve which leaves point p vertically upwards and arrives point q vertically upwards.
 # may create a loop if necessary.  Assumes the view is [0,1]
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# ---------------------------------------------------------
+# A backup, if no PNG generation is defined, is to try to make a PDF and use FileIO to convert
+
+_fileio_load(@nospecialize(filename::AbstractString)) = FileIO.load(filename::AbstractString)
+_fileio_save(@nospecialize(filename::AbstractString), @nospecialize(x)) = FileIO.save(filename::AbstractString, x)
+
+function _show_pdfbackends(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::Plot)
+    fn = tempname()
+
+    # first save a pdf file
+    pdf(plt, fn)
+
+    # load that pdf into a FileIO Stream
+    s = _fileio_load(fn * ".pdf")
+
+    # save a png
+    pngfn = fn * ".png"
+    _fileio_save(pngfn, s)
+
+    # now write from the file
+    write(io, read(open(pngfn), String))
+end
+
+const PDFBackends = Union{PGFPlotsBackend,PlotlyJSBackend,PyPlotBackend,InspectDRBackend,GRBackend}
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+const use_local_dependencies = Ref(false)
+const use_local_plotlyjs = Ref(false)
+
+
+function _init_ijulia_plotting()
+    # IJulia is more stable with local file
+    use_local_plotlyjs[] = isfile(plotly_local_file_path)
+
+    ENV["MPLBACKEND"] = "Agg"
+end
+
+
+"""
+Add extra jupyter mimetypes to display_dict based on the plot backed.
+
+The default is nothing, except for plotly based backends, where it
+adds data for `application/vnd.plotly.v1+json` that is used in
+frontends like jupyterlab and nteract.
+"""
+_ijulia__extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot, out::Dict) = out
+
+function _ijulia__extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}, out::Dict)
+    out["application/vnd.plotly.v1+json"] = Dict(
+        :data => plotly_series(plt),
+        :layout => plotly_layout(plt)
+    )
+    out
+end
+
+function _ijulia__extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}, out::Dict)
+    out["application/vnd.plotly.v1+json"] = Dict(
+        :data => plotly_series(plt),
+        :layout => plotly_layout(plt)
+    )
+    out
+end
+
+
+function _ijulia_display_dict(plt::Plot)
+    output_type = Symbol(plt.attr[:html_output_format])
+    if output_type == :auto
+        output_type = get(_best_html_output_type, backend_name(plt.backend), :svg)
+    end
+    out = Dict()
+    if output_type == :txt
+        mime = "text/plain"
+        out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
+    elseif output_type == :png
+        mime = "image/png"
+        out[mime] = base64encode(show, MIME(mime), plt)
+    elseif output_type == :svg
+        mime = "image/svg+xml"
+        out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
+    elseif output_type == :html
+        mime = "text/html"
+        out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
+    else
+        error("Unsupported output type $output_type")
+    end
+    _ijulia__extra_mime_info!(plt, out)
+    out
+end
@@ -1,120 +1,101 @@
-const use_local_dependencies = Ref(false)
+using REPL
+
+
+function _plots_defaults()
+    if isdefined(Main, :PLOTS_DEFAULTS)
+        Dict{Symbol,Any}(Main.PLOTS_DEFAULTS)
+    else
+        Dict{Symbol,Any}()
+    end
+end
+

 function __init__()
-
-    if isdefined(Main, :PLOTS_DEFAULTS)
-        if haskey(Main.PLOTS_DEFAULTS, :theme)
-            theme(Main.PLOTS_DEFAULTS[:theme])
-        end
-        for (k,v) in Main.PLOTS_DEFAULTS
-            k == :theme || default(k, v)
-        end
+    user_defaults = _plots_defaults()
+    if haskey(user_defaults, :theme)
+        theme(user_defaults[:theme])
    end
-    pushdisplay(PlotsDisplay())
+    for (k,v) in user_defaults
+        k == :theme || default(k, v)
+    end
+
+    insert!(Base.Multimedia.displays, findlast(x -> x isa Base.TextDisplay || x isa REPL.REPLDisplay, Base.Multimedia.displays) + 1, PlotsDisplay())

    atreplinit(i -> begin
-        if PlotDisplay() in Base.Multimedia.displays
+        while PlotsDisplay() in Base.Multimedia.displays
            popdisplay(PlotsDisplay())
        end
-        pushdisplay(PlotsDisplay())
+        insert!(Base.Multimedia.displays, findlast(x -> x isa REPL.REPLDisplay, Base.Multimedia.displays) + 1, PlotsDisplay())
    end)

-    @require HDF5 = "f67ccb44-e63f-5c2f-98bd-6dc0ccc4ba2f" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "hdf5.jl"))
-    @require InspectDR = "d0351b0e-4b05-5898-87b3-e2a8edfddd1d" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "inspectdr.jl"))
-    @require PGFPlots = "3b7a836e-365b-5785-a47d-02c71176b4aa" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "pgfplots.jl"))
-    @require PlotlyJS = "f0f68f2c-4968-5e81-91da-67840de0976a" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "plotlyjs.jl"))
-    @require PyPlot = "d330b81b-6aea-500a-939a-2ce795aea3ee" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "pyplot.jl"))
-    @require UnicodePlots = "b8865327-cd53-5732-bb35-84acbb429228" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "unicodeplots.jl"))
+    @require HDF5 = "f67ccb44-e63f-5c2f-98bd-6dc0ccc4ba2f" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "hdf5.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end
+
+    @require InspectDR = "d0351b0e-4b05-5898-87b3-e2a8edfddd1d" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "inspectdr.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end
+
+    @require PGFPlots = "3b7a836e-365b-5785-a47d-02c71176b4aa" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "pgfplots.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end
+
+    @require ORCA = "47be7bcc-f1a6-5447-8b36-7eeeff7534fd" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "orca.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end
+
+    @require PGFPlotsX = "8314cec4-20b6-5062-9cdb-752b83310925" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "pgfplotsx.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end
+
+    @require PlotlyJS = "f0f68f2c-4968-5e81-91da-67840de0976a" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "plotlyjs.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end
+
+    @require PyPlot = "d330b81b-6aea-500a-939a-2ce795aea3ee" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "pyplot.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end
+
+    @require UnicodePlots = "b8865327-cd53-5732-bb35-84acbb429228" begin
+        fn = joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "unicodeplots.jl")
+        include(fn)
+        @require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" Revise.track(Plots, fn)
+    end

-    # ---------------------------------------------------------
-    # IJulia
-    # ---------------------------------------------------------
-    use_local = false
    @require IJulia = "7073ff75-c697-5162-941a-fcdaad2a7d2a" begin
        if IJulia.inited
-            # IJulia is more stable with local file
-            use_local = isfile(plotly_local_file_path)
-            """
-            Add extra jupyter mimetypes to display_dict based on the plot backed.
+            _init_ijulia_plotting()

-            The default is nothing, except for plotly based backends, where it
-            adds data for `application/vnd.plotly.v1+json` that is used in
-            frontends like jupyterlab and nteract.
-            """
-            _extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot, out::Dict) = out
-            function _extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}, out::Dict)
-                out["application/vnd.plotly.v1+json"] = JSON.lower(plt.o)
-                out
-            end
-
-            function _extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}, out::Dict)
-                out["application/vnd.plotly.v1+json"] = Dict(
-                    :data => plotly_series(plt),
-                    :layout => plotly_layout(plt)
-                )
-                out
-            end
-
-            function IJulia.display_dict(plt::Plot)
-                output_type = Symbol(plt.attr[:html_output_format])
-                if output_type == :auto
-                    output_type = get(_best_html_output_type, backend_name(plt.backend), :svg)
-                end
-                out = Dict()
-                if output_type == :txt
-                    mime = "text/plain"
-                    out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
-                elseif output_type == :png
-                    mime = "image/png"
-                    out[mime] = base64encode(show, MIME(mime), plt)
-                elseif output_type == :svg
-                    mime = "image/svg+xml"
-                    out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
-                elseif output_type == :html
-                    mime = "text/html"
-                    out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
-                else
-                    error("Unsupported output type $output_type")
-                end
-                _extra_mime_info!(plt, out)
-                out
-            end
-
-            ENV["MPLBACKEND"] = "Agg"
+            IJulia.display_dict(plt::Plot) = _ijulia_display_dict(plt)
        end
    end

    if haskey(ENV, "PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL")
-        use_local = ENV["PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL"] == "true"
-        use_local_dependencies[] = isfile(plotly_local_file_path) && use_local
-        if use_local && !isfile(plotly_local_file_path)
+        use_local_plotlyjs[] = ENV["PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL"] == "true"
+        use_local_dependencies[] = isfile(plotly_local_file_path) && use_local_plotlyjs[]
+        if use_local_plotlyjs[] && !isfile(plotly_local_file_path)
            @warn("PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL is set to true, but no local plotly file found. run Pkg.build(\"Plots\") and make sure PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL is set to true")
        end
    else
-        use_local_dependencies[] = use_local
+        use_local_dependencies[] = use_local_plotlyjs[]
    end


-
-    # ---------------------------------------------------------
-    # A backup, if no PNG generation is defined, is to try to make a PDF and use FileIO to convert
    @require FileIO = "5789e2e9-d7fb-5bc7-8068-2c6fae9b9549" begin
-        PDFBackends = Union{PGFPlotsBackend,PlotlyJSBackend,PyPlotBackend,InspectDRBackend,GRBackend}
-        function _show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::Plot{<:PDFBackends})
-            fn = tempname()
-
-            # first save a pdf file
-            pdf(plt, fn)
-
-            # load that pdf into a FileIO Stream
-            s = FileIO.load(fn * ".pdf")
-
-            # save a png
-            pngfn = fn * ".png"
-            FileIO.save(pngfn, s)
-
-            # now write from the file
-            write(io, read(open(pngfn), String))
-        end
+        _show(io::IO, mime::MIME"image/png", plt::Plot{<:PDFBackends}) = _show_pdfbackends(io, mime, plt)
    end
 end
@@ -107,11 +107,10 @@ function resolve_mixed(mix::MixedMeasures, sp::Subplot, letter::Symbol)
    if mix.len != 0mm
        f = (letter == :x ? width : height)
        totlen = f(plotarea(sp))
-        @show totlen
        pct += mix.len / totlen
    end
    if pct != 0
-        amin, amax = axis_limits(sp[Symbol(letter,:axis)])
+        amin, amax = axis_limits(sp, letter)
        xy += pct * (amax-amin)
    end
    xy
@@ -218,6 +217,7 @@ bottompad(layout::AbstractLayout) = 0mm
 # this is the parent of the top-level layout
 struct RootLayout <: AbstractLayout end

+Base.show(io::IO, layout::RootLayout) = Base.show_default(io, layout)
 Base.parent(::RootLayout) = nothing
 parent_bbox(::RootLayout) = defaultbox
 bbox(::RootLayout) = defaultbox
@@ -464,12 +464,12 @@ end
 # constructors

 # pass the layout arg through
-function layout_args(plotattributes::KW)
-    layout_args(get(plotattributes, :layout, default(:layout)))
+function layout_args(plotattributes::AKW)
+    layout_args(plotattributes[:layout])
 end

-function layout_args(plotattributes::KW, n_override::Integer)
-    layout, n = layout_args(get(plotattributes, :layout, n_override))
+function layout_args(plotattributes::AKW, n_override::Integer)
+    layout, n = layout_args(n_override, get(plotattributes, :layout, n_override))
    if n != n_override
        error("When doing layout, n ($n) != n_override ($(n_override)).  You're probably trying to force existing plots into a layout that doesn't fit them.")
    end
@@ -481,12 +481,27 @@ function layout_args(n::Integer)
    GridLayout(nr, nc), n
 end

-function layout_args(sztup::NTuple{2,I}) where I<:Integer
+function layout_args(sztup::NTuple{2, Integer})
    nr, nc = sztup
    GridLayout(nr, nc), nr*nc
 end

-function layout_args(sztup::NTuple{3,I}) where I<:Integer
+layout_args(n_override::Integer, n::Integer) = layout_args(n)
+layout_args(n, sztup::NTuple{2, Integer}) = layout_args(sztup)
+
+function layout_args(n, sztup::Tuple{Colon, Integer})
+    nc = sztup[2]
+    nr = ceil(Int, n / nc)
+    GridLayout(nr, nc), n
+end
+
+function layout_args(n, sztup::Tuple{Integer, Colon})
+    nr = sztup[1]
+    nc = ceil(Int, n / nr)
+    GridLayout(nr, nc), n
+end
+
+function layout_args(sztup::NTuple{3, Integer})
    n, nr, nc = sztup
    nr, nc = compute_gridsize(n, nr, nc)
    GridLayout(nr, nc), n
@@ -499,6 +514,8 @@ function layout_args(layout::GridLayout)
    layout, n
 end

+layout_args(n_override::Integer, layout::GridLayout) = layout_args(layout)
+
 layout_args(huh) = error("unhandled layout type $(typeof(huh)): $huh")


@@ -599,7 +616,7 @@ end
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # @layout macro

-function add_layout_pct!(kw::KW, v::Expr, idx::Integer, nidx::Integer)
+function add_layout_pct!(kw::AKW, v::Expr, idx::Integer, nidx::Integer)
    # dump(v)
    # something like {0.2w}?
    if v.head == :call && v.args[1] == :*
@@ -620,7 +637,7 @@ function add_layout_pct!(kw::KW, v::Expr, idx::Integer, nidx::Integer)
    error("Couldn't match layout curly (idx=$idx): $v")
 end

-function add_layout_pct!(kw::KW, v::Number, idx::Integer)
+function add_layout_pct!(kw::AKW, v::Number, idx::Integer)
    # kw[idx == 1 ? :w : :h] = v*pct
    idx == 1 && (kw[:w] = v*pct)
    (idx == 2 || nidx == 1) && (kw[:h] = v*pct)
@@ -52,16 +52,29 @@ function tex(plt::Plot, fn::AbstractString)
 end
 tex(fn::AbstractString) = tex(current(), fn)

+function json(plt::Plot, fn::AbstractString)
+    fn = addExtension(fn, "json")
+    io = open(fn, "w")
+    show(io, MIME("application/vnd.plotly.v1+json"), plt)
+    close(io)
+end
+json(fn::AbstractString) = json(current(), fn)
+
 function html(plt::Plot, fn::AbstractString)
    fn = addExtension(fn, "html")
    io = open(fn, "w")
-    _use_remote[] = true
    show(io, MIME("text/html"), plt)
-    _use_remote[] = false
    close(io)
 end
 html(fn::AbstractString) = html(current(), fn)

+function txt(plt::Plot, fn::AbstractString)
+  fn = addExtension(fn, "txt")
+  io = open(fn, "w")
+  show(io, MIME("text/plain"), plt)
+  close(io)
+end
+txt(fn::AbstractString) = txt(current(), fn)

 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

@@ -73,7 +86,10 @@ const _savemap = Dict(
    "ps"  => ps,
    "eps" => eps,
    "tex" => tex,
+    "json" => json,
    "html" => html,
+    "tikz" => tex,
+    "txt" => txt,
  )

 function getExtension(fn::AbstractString)
@@ -105,7 +121,7 @@ type is inferred from the file extension. All backends support png and pdf
 file types, some also support svg, ps, eps, html and tex.
 """
 function savefig(plt::Plot, fn::AbstractString)
-
+  fn = abspath(expanduser(fn))
  # get the extension
  local ext
  try
@@ -191,7 +207,7 @@ end
 # for writing to io streams... first prepare, then callback
 for mime in ("text/plain", "text/html", "image/png", "image/eps", "image/svg+xml",
             "application/eps", "application/pdf", "application/postscript",
-             "application/x-tex")
+             "application/x-tex", "application/vnd.plotly.v1+json")
    @eval function Base.show(io::IO, m::MIME{Symbol($mime)}, plt::Plot)
        if haskey(io, :juno_plotsize)
          showjuno(io, m, plt)
@@ -199,9 +215,12 @@ for mime in ("text/plain", "text/html", "image/png", "image/eps", "image/svg+xml
          prepare_output(plt)
          _show(io, m, plt)
        end
+        return nothing
    end
 end

+Base.show(io::IO, m::MIME"application/prs.juno.plotpane+html", plt::Plot) = showjuno(io, MIME("text/html"), plt)
+
 # default text/plain for all backends
 _show(io::IO, ::MIME{Symbol("text/plain")}, plt::Plot) = show(io, plt)

@@ -230,15 +249,16 @@ closeall() = closeall(backend())
 # Atom PlotPane
 # ---------------------------------------------------------
 function showjuno(io::IO, m, plt)
-    sz = plt[:size]
+    sz = collect(plt[:size])
    dpi = plt[:dpi]
    thickness_scaling = plt[:thickness_scaling]

    jsize = get(io, :juno_plotsize, [400, 500])
+    jratio = get(io, :juno_dpi_ratio, 1)

    scale = minimum(jsize[i] / sz[i] for i in 1:2)
-    plt[:size] = (s * scale for s in sz)
-    plt[:dpi] = Plots.DPI
+    plt[:size] = [s * scale for s in sz]
+    plt[:dpi] = jratio*Plots.DPI
    plt[:thickness_scaling] *= scale

    prepare_output(plt)
@@ -259,4 +279,6 @@ function _showjuno(io::IO, m::MIME"image/svg+xml", plt)
  end
 end

+Base.showable(::MIME"application/prs.juno.plotpane+html", plt::Plot) = false
+
 _showjuno(io::IO, m, plt) = _show(io, m, plt)
@@ -1,18 +1,42 @@
+# Error for aliases used in recipes
+function warn_on_recipe_aliases!(plotattributes, recipe_type, args...)
+    for k in keys(plotattributes)
+        if !is_default_attribute(k)
+            dk = get(_keyAliases, k, k)
+            if k !== dk
+                @warn "Attribute alias `$k` detected in the $recipe_type recipe defined for the signature $(signature_string(Val{recipe_type}, args...)). To ensure expected behavior it is recommended to use the default attribute `$dk`."
+            end
+            plotattributes[dk] = pop_kw!(plotattributes, k)
+        end
+    end
+end
+function warn_on_recipe_aliases!(v::AbstractVector, recipe_type, args...)
+    foreach(x -> warn_on_recipe_aliases!(x, recipe_type, args...), v)
+end
+function warn_on_recipe_aliases!(rd::RecipeData, recipe_type, args...)
+    warn_on_recipe_aliases!(rd.plotattributes, recipe_type, args...)
+end

+function signature_string(::Type{Val{:user}}, args...)
+    return string("(::", join(string.(typeof.(args)), ", ::"), ")")
+end
+signature_string(::Type{Val{:type}}, T) = "(::Type{$T}, ::$T)"
+signature_string(::Type{Val{:plot}}, st) = "(::Type{Val{:$st}}, ::AbstractPlot)"
+signature_string(::Type{Val{:series}}, st) = "(::Type{Val{:$st}}, x, y, z)"

 # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 # preprocessing

-function command_idx(kw_list::AVec{KW}, kw::KW)
+function series_idx(kw_list::AVec{KW}, kw::AKW)
    Int(kw[:series_plotindex]) - Int(kw_list[1][:series_plotindex]) + 1
 end

-function _expand_seriestype_array(plotattributes::KW, args)
+function _expand_seriestype_array(plotattributes::AKW, args)
    sts = get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :path)
    if typeof(sts) <: AbstractArray
-        delete!(plotattributes, :seriestype)
+        reset_kw!(plotattributes, :seriestype)
        rd = Vector{RecipeData}(undef, size(sts, 1))
-        for r in 1:size(sts, 1)
+        for r in axes(sts, 1)
            dc = copy(plotattributes)
            dc[:seriestype] = sts[r:r,:]
            rd[r] = RecipeData(dc, args)
@@ -23,7 +47,7 @@ function _expand_seriestype_array(plotattributes::KW, args)
    end
 end

-function _preprocess_args(plotattributes::KW, args, still_to_process::Vector{RecipeData})
+function _preprocess_args(plotattributes::AKW, args, still_to_process::Vector{RecipeData})
    # the grouping mechanism is a recipe on a GroupBy object
    # we simply add the GroupBy object to the front of the args list to allow
    # the recipe to be applied
@@ -40,12 +64,8 @@ function _preprocess_args(plotattributes::KW, args, still_to_process::Vector{Rec
    # remove subplot and axis args from plotattributes... they will be passed through in the kw_list
    if !isempty(args)
        for (k,v) in plotattributes
-            for defdict in (_subplot_defaults,
-                            _axis_defaults,
-                            _axis_defaults_byletter)
-                if haskey(defdict, k)
-                    delete!(plotattributes, k)
-                end
+            if k in _all_subplot_args || k in _all_axis_args
+                reset_kw!(plotattributes, k)
            end
        end
    end
@@ -57,7 +77,7 @@ end
 # user recipes


-function _process_userrecipes(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, args)
+function _process_userrecipes(plt::Plot, plotattributes::AKW, args)
    still_to_process = RecipeData[]
    args = _preprocess_args(plotattributes, args, still_to_process)

@@ -80,7 +100,11 @@ function _process_userrecipes(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, args)
        if isempty(next_series.args)
            _process_userrecipe(plt, kw_list, next_series)
        else
-            rd_list = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(next_series.plotattributes, next_series.args...)
+            rd_list = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(
+                next_series.plotattributes,
+                next_series.args...
+            )
+            warn_on_recipe_aliases!(rd_list, :user, next_series.args...)
            prepend!(still_to_process,rd_list)
        end
    end
@@ -108,7 +132,7 @@ function _process_userrecipe(plt::Plot, kw_list::Vector{KW}, recipedata::RecipeD
    return
 end

-function _preprocess_userrecipe(kw::KW)
+function _preprocess_userrecipe(kw::AKW)
    _add_markershape(kw)

    # if there was a grouping, filter the data here
@@ -126,17 +150,17 @@ function _preprocess_userrecipe(kw::KW)
    end

    # convert a ribbon into a fillrange
-    if get(kw, :ribbon, nothing) != nothing
+    if get(kw, :ribbon, nothing) !== nothing
        make_fillrange_from_ribbon(kw)
    end
    return
 end

-function _add_errorbar_kw(kw_list::Vector{KW}, kw::KW)
+function _add_errorbar_kw(kw_list::Vector{KW}, kw::AKW)
    # handle error bars by creating new recipedata data... these will have
    # the same recipedata index as the recipedata they are copied from
    for esym in (:xerror, :yerror)
-        if get(kw, esym, nothing) != nothing
+        if get(kw, esym, nothing) !== nothing
            # we make a copy of the KW and apply an errorbar recipe
            errkw = copy(kw)
            errkw[:seriestype] = esym
@@ -147,7 +171,7 @@ function _add_errorbar_kw(kw_list::Vector{KW}, kw::KW)
    end
 end

-function _add_smooth_kw(kw_list::Vector{KW}, kw::KW)
+function _add_smooth_kw(kw_list::Vector{KW}, kw::AKW)
    # handle smoothing by adding a new series
    if get(kw, :smooth, false)
        x, y = kw[:x], kw[:y]
@@ -172,7 +196,7 @@ end
 # to generate a list of RecipeData objects (data + attributes).
 # If we applied a "plot recipe" without error, then add the returned datalist's KWs,
 # otherwise we just add the original KW.
-function _process_plotrecipe(plt::Plot, kw::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW}, still_to_process::Vector{KW})
+function _process_plotrecipe(plt::Plot, kw::AKW, kw_list::Vector{KW}, still_to_process::Vector{KW})
    if !isa(get(kw, :seriestype, nothing), Symbol)
        # seriestype was never set, or it's not a Symbol, so it can't be a plot recipe
        push!(kw_list, kw)
@@ -182,6 +206,7 @@ function _process_plotrecipe(plt::Plot, kw::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW}, still_to_pr
        st = kw[:seriestype]
        st = kw[:seriestype] = get(_typeAliases, st, st)
        datalist = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(kw, Val{st}, plt)
+        warn_on_recipe_aliases!(datalist, :plot, st)
        for data in datalist
            preprocessArgs!(data.plotattributes)
            if data.plotattributes[:seriestype] == st
@@ -203,7 +228,7 @@ end
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 # setup plot and subplot

-function _plot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
+function _plot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::AKW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
    # merge in anything meant for the Plot
    for kw in kw_list, (k,v) in kw
        haskey(_plot_defaults, k) && (plotattributes[k] = pop!(kw, k))
@@ -227,7 +252,7 @@ function _plot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})

    # handle inset subplots
    insets = plt[:inset_subplots]
-    if insets != nothing
+    if insets !== nothing
        if !(typeof(insets) <: AVec)
            insets = [insets]
        end
@@ -252,7 +277,7 @@ function _plot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
    plt[:inset_subplots] = nothing
 end

-function _subplot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
+function _subplot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::AKW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
    # we'll keep a map of subplot to an attribute override dict.
    # Subplot/Axis attributes set by a user/series recipe apply only to the
    # Subplot object which they belong to.
@@ -261,16 +286,16 @@ function _subplot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
    for kw in kw_list
        # get the Subplot object to which the series belongs.
        sps = get(kw, :subplot, :auto)
-        sp = get_subplot(plt, _cycle(sps == :auto ? plt.subplots : plt.subplots[sps], command_idx(kw_list,kw)))
+        sp = get_subplot(plt, _cycle(sps == :auto ? plt.subplots : plt.subplots[sps], series_idx(kw_list,kw)))
        kw[:subplot] = sp

        # extract subplot/axis attributes from kw and add to sp_attr
        attr = KW()
        for (k,v) in collect(kw)
-            if haskey(_subplot_defaults, k) || haskey(_axis_defaults_byletter, k)
+            if is_subplot_attr(k) || is_axis_attr(k)
                attr[k] = pop!(kw, k)
            end
-            if haskey(_axis_defaults, k)
+            if is_axis_attr_noletter(k)
                v = pop!(kw, k)
                for letter in (:x,:y,:z)
                    attr[Symbol(letter,k)] = v
@@ -303,7 +328,7 @@ end

 # getting ready to add the series... last update to subplot from anything
 # that might have been added during series recipes
-function _prepare_subplot(plt::Plot{T}, plotattributes::KW) where T
+function _prepare_subplot(plt::Plot{T}, plotattributes::AKW) where T
    st::Symbol = plotattributes[:seriestype]
    sp::Subplot{T} = plotattributes[:subplot]
    sp_idx = get_subplot_index(plt, sp)
@@ -327,7 +352,7 @@ end
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 # series types

-function _override_seriestype_check(plotattributes::KW, st::Symbol)
+function _override_seriestype_check(plotattributes::AKW, st::Symbol)
    # do we want to override the series type?
    if !is3d(st) && !(st in (:contour,:contour3d))
        z = plotattributes[:z]
@@ -339,7 +364,7 @@ function _override_seriestype_check(plotattributes::KW, st::Symbol)
    st
 end

-function _prepare_annotations(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
+function _prepare_annotations(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::AKW)
    # strip out series annotations (those which are based on series x/y coords)
    # and add them to the subplot attr
    sp_anns = annotations(sp[:annotations])
@@ -356,7 +381,7 @@ function _prepare_annotations(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
    # sp.attr[:annotations] = vcat(sp_anns, series_anns)
 end

-function _expand_subplot_extrema(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW, st::Symbol)
+function _expand_subplot_extrema(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::AKW, st::Symbol)
    # adjust extrema and discrete info
    if st == :image
        xmin, xmax = ignorenan_extrema(plotattributes[:x]); ymin, ymax = ignorenan_extrema(plotattributes[:y])
@@ -385,7 +410,8 @@ end

 # this method recursively applies series recipes when the seriestype is not supported
 # natively by the backend
-function _process_seriesrecipe(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW)
+function _process_seriesrecipe(plt::Plot, plotattributes::AKW)
+    #println("process $(typeof(plotattributes))")
    # replace seriestype aliases
    st = Symbol(plotattributes[:seriestype])
    st = plotattributes[:seriestype] = get(_typeAliases, st, st)
@@ -405,7 +431,9 @@ function _process_seriesrecipe(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW)

    else
        # get a sub list of series for this seriestype
-        datalist = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes, Val{st}, plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y], plotattributes[:z])
+        x, y, z = plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y], plotattributes[:z]
+        datalist = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes, Val{st}, x, y, z)
+        warn_on_recipe_aliases!(datalist, :series, st)

        # assuming there was no error, recursively apply the series recipes
        for data in datalist
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ mutable struct CurrentPlot
 end
 const CURRENT_PLOT = CurrentPlot(nothing)

-isplotnull() = CURRENT_PLOT.nullableplot == nothing
+isplotnull() = CURRENT_PLOT.nullableplot === nothing

 """
    current()
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ function plot(plt1::Plot, plts_tail::Plot...; kw...)

    series_attr = KW()
    for (k,v) in plotattributes
-        if haskey(_series_defaults, k)
+        if is_series_attr(k)
            series_attr[k] = pop!(plotattributes,k)
        end
    end
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ function plot(plt1::Plot, plts_tail::Plot...; kw...)
        sp.attr[:subplot_index] = idx
        for series in serieslist
            merge!(series.plotattributes, series_attr)
-            _add_defaults!(series.plotattributes, plt, sp, cmdidx)
+            _slice_series_args!(series.plotattributes, plt, sp, cmdidx)
            push!(plt.series_list, series)
            _series_added(plt, series)
            cmdidx += 1
@@ -163,12 +163,12 @@ end
 # this is the core plotting function.  recursively apply recipes to build
 # a list of series KW dicts.
 # note: at entry, we only have those preprocessed args which were passed in... no default values yet
-function _plot!(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, args::Tuple)
+function _plot!(plt::Plot, plotattributes::AKW, args::Tuple)
    plotattributes[:plot_object] = plt

-    if !isempty(args) && !isdefined(Main, :StatPlots) &&
+    if !isempty(args) && !isdefined(Main, :StatsPlots) &&
            first(split(string(typeof(args[1])), ".")) == "DataFrames"
-        @warn("You're trying to plot a DataFrame, but this functionality is provided by StatPlots")
+        @warn("You're trying to plot a DataFrame, but this functionality is provided by StatsPlots")
    end

    # --------------------------------
@@ -217,21 +217,20 @@ function _plot!(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, args::Tuple)

    for kw in kw_list
        sp::Subplot = kw[:subplot]
-        # idx = get_subplot_index(plt, sp)

-        # # we update subplot args in case something like the color palatte is part of the recipe
-        # _update_subplot_args(plt, sp, kw, idx, true)
+        # in series attributes given as vector with one element per series,
+        # select the value for current series
+        _slice_series_args!(kw, plt, sp, series_idx(kw_list,kw))

-        # set default values, select from attribute cycles, and generally set the final attributes
-        _add_defaults!(kw, plt, sp, command_idx(kw_list,kw))

+        series_attr = Attr(kw, _series_defaults)
        # now we have a fully specified series, with colors chosen.   we must recursively handle
        # series recipes, which dispatch on seriestype.  If a backend does not natively support a seriestype,
        # we check for a recipe that will convert that series type into one made up of lower-level components.
        # For example, a histogram is just a bar plot with binned data, a bar plot is really a filled step plot,
        # and a step plot is really just a path.  So any backend that supports drawing a path will implicitly
        # be able to support step, bar, and histogram plots (and any recipes that use those components).
-        _process_seriesrecipe(plt, kw)
+        _process_seriesrecipe(plt, series_attr)
    end

    # --------------------------------
@@ -50,8 +50,13 @@ function plotattr(attrtype::Symbol, attribute::AbstractString)

    desc = get(_arg_desc, attribute, "")
    first_period_idx = findfirst(isequal('.'), desc)
-    typedesc = desc[1:first_period_idx-1]
-    desc = strip(desc[first_period_idx+1:end])
+    if isnothing(first_period_idx) 
+        typedesc = ""
+        desc = strip(desc)
+    else
+        typedesc = desc[1:first_period_idx-1]
+        desc = strip(desc[first_period_idx+1:end])
+    end
    als = keys(filter(x->x[2]==attribute, _keyAliases)) |> collect |> sort
    als = join(map(string,als), ", ")
    def = _attribute_defaults[attrtype][attribute]
@@ -7,92 +7,85 @@
 # note: returns meta information... mainly for use with automatic labeling from DataFrames for now

 const FuncOrFuncs{F} = Union{F, Vector{F}, Matrix{F}}
+const MaybeNumber = Union{Number, Missing}
+const MaybeString = Union{AbstractString, Missing}
+const DataPoint = Union{MaybeNumber, MaybeString}

-all3D(plotattributes::KW) = trueOrAllTrue(st -> st in (:contour, :contourf, :heatmap, :surface, :wireframe, :contour3d, :image, :plots_heatmap), get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :none))
+prepareSeriesData(x) = error("Cannot convert $(typeof(x)) to series data for plotting")
+prepareSeriesData(::Nothing) = nothing
+prepareSeriesData(t::Tuple{T, T}) where {T<:Number} = t
+prepareSeriesData(f::Function) = f
+prepareSeriesData(ar::AbstractRange{<:Number}) = ar
+function prepareSeriesData(a::AbstractArray{<:MaybeNumber})
+    f = isimmutable(a) ? replace : replace!
+    a = f(x -> ismissing(x) || isinf(x) ? NaN : x, map(float, a))
+end
+prepareSeriesData(a::AbstractArray{<:Missing}) = fill(NaN, axes(a))
+prepareSeriesData(a::AbstractArray{<:MaybeString}) = replace(x -> ismissing(x) ? "" : x, a)
+prepareSeriesData(s::Surface{<:AMat{<:MaybeNumber}}) = Surface(prepareSeriesData(s.surf))
+prepareSeriesData(s::Surface) = s  # non-numeric Surface, such as an image
+prepareSeriesData(v::Volume) = Volume(prepareSeriesData(v.v), v.x_extents, v.y_extents, v.z_extents)

-# unknown
-convertToAnyVector(x, plotattributes::KW) = error("No user recipe defined for $(typeof(x))")
-
-# missing
-convertToAnyVector(v::Nothing, plotattributes::KW) = Any[nothing], nothing
+# default: assume x represents a single series
+series_vector(x, plotattributes) = [prepareSeriesData(x)]

 # fixed number of blank series
-convertToAnyVector(n::Integer, plotattributes::KW) = Any[zeros(0) for i in 1:n], nothing
+series_vector(n::Integer, plotattributes) = [zeros(0) for i in 1:n]

-# numeric vector
-convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{T}, plotattributes::KW) where {T<:Number} = Any[v], nothing
-convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{Union{Missing, T}}, plotattributes::KW) where {T<:Number} = Any[replace(v, missing => NaN)], nothing
-
-# string vector
-convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{T}, plotattributes::KW) where {T<:AbstractString} = Any[v], nothing
-convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{Union{Missing, T}}, plotattributes::KW) where {T<:AbstractString} = Any[replace(v, missing => "")], nothing
-
-function convertToAnyVector(v::AMat, plotattributes::KW)
-    v = handlemissings(v)
-    if all3D(plotattributes)
-        Any[Surface(v)]
-    else
-        Any[v[:,i] for i in 1:size(v,2)]
-    end, nothing
-end
-
-handlemissings(v::AMat) = v
-handlemissings(v::AMat{T}) where T <: Number = replace(v, missing => NaN)
-handlemissings(v::AMat{T}) where T <: String = replace(v, missing => "")
-
-# function
-convertToAnyVector(f::Function, plotattributes::KW) = Any[f], nothing
-
-# surface
-convertToAnyVector(s::Surface, plotattributes::KW) = Any[s], nothing
-
-# volume
-convertToAnyVector(v::Volume, plotattributes::KW) = Any[v], nothing
-
-# # vector of OHLC
-# convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{OHLC}, plotattributes::KW) = Any[v], nothing
-
-# # dates
-convertToAnyVector(dts::AVec{D}, plotattributes::KW) where {D<:Union{Date,DateTime}} = Any[dts], nothing
+# vector of data points is a single series
+series_vector(v::AVec{<:DataPoint}, plotattributes) = [prepareSeriesData(v)]

 # list of things (maybe other vectors, functions, or something else)
-function convertToAnyVector(v::AVec, plotattributes::KW)
-    if all(x -> typeof(x) <: Number, v)
-        # all real numbers wrap the whole vector as one item
-        Any[convert(Vector{Float64}, v)], nothing
+function series_vector(v::AVec, plotattributes)
+    if all(x -> x isa MaybeNumber, v)
+        series_vector(Vector{MaybeNumber}(v), plotattributes)
+    elseif all(x -> x isa MaybeString, v)
+        series_vector(Vector{MaybeString}(v), plotattributes)
    else
-        # something else... treat each element as an item
-        vcat(Any[convertToAnyVector(vi, plotattributes)[1] for vi in v]...), nothing
-        # Any[vi for vi in v], nothing
+        vcat((series_vector(vi, plotattributes) for vi in v)...)
    end
 end

-convertToAnyVector(t::Tuple, plotattributes::KW) = Any[t], nothing
-
-
-function convertToAnyVector(args...)
-    error("In convertToAnyVector, could not handle the argument types: $(map(typeof, args[1:end-1]))")
+# Matrix is split into columns
+function series_vector(v::AMat{<:DataPoint}, plotattributes)
+    if all3D(plotattributes)
+        [prepareSeriesData(Surface(v))]
+    else
+        [prepareSeriesData(v[:, i]) for i in axes(v, 2)]
+    end
 end

 # --------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Fillranges & ribbons

-# TODO: can we avoid the copy here?  one error that crops up is that mapping functions over the same array
-#       result in that array being shared.  push!, etc will add too many items to that array

-compute_x(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z)      = 1:size(z,1)
-compute_x(x::Nothing, y, z)            = 1:size(y,1)
-compute_x(x::Function, y, z)        = map(x, y)
-compute_x(x, y, z)                  = copy(x)
+process_fillrange(range::Number, plotattributes) = [range]
+process_fillrange(range, plotattributes) = series_vector(range, plotattributes)

-# compute_y(x::Void, y::Function, z)  = error()
-compute_y(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z)      = 1:size(z,2)
-compute_y(x, y::Function, z)        = map(y, x)
-compute_y(x, y, z)                  = copy(y)
+process_ribbon(ribbon::Number, plotattributes) = [ribbon]
+process_ribbon(ribbon, plotattributes) = series_vector(ribbon, plotattributes)
+# ribbon as a tuple: (lower_ribbons, upper_ribbons)
+process_ribbon(ribbon::Tuple{S, T}, plotattributes) where {S, T} = collect(zip(
+    series_vector(ribbon[1], plotattributes),
+    series_vector(ribbon[2], plotattributes),
+))

-compute_z(x, y, z::Function)        = map(z, x, y)
-compute_z(x, y, z::AbstractMatrix)  = Surface(z)
-compute_z(x, y, z::Nothing)            = nothing
-compute_z(x, y, z)                  = copy(z)
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+compute_x(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z)    = axes(z,1)
+compute_x(x::Nothing, y, z)             = axes(y,1)
+compute_x(x::Function, y, z)            = map(x, y)
+compute_x(x, y, z)                      = x
+
+compute_y(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z)    = axes(z,2)
+compute_y(x, y::Function, z)            = map(y, x)
+compute_y(x, y, z)                      = y
+
+compute_z(x, y, z::Function)            = map(z, x, y)
+compute_z(x, y, z::AbstractMatrix)      = Surface(z)
+compute_z(x, y, z::Nothing)             = nothing
+compute_z(x, y, z)                      = z

 nobigs(v::AVec{BigFloat}) = map(Float64, v)
 nobigs(v::AVec{BigInt}) = map(Int64, v)
@@ -115,10 +108,16 @@ compute_xyz(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z::Nothing)        = error("x/y/z are all no

 # we are going to build recipes to do the processing and splitting of the args

+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+# The catch-all SliceIt recipe
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
 # ensure we dispatch to the slicer
 struct SliceIt end

-# the catch-all recipes
+# The `SliceIt` recipe finishes user and type recipe processing.
+# It splits processed data into individual series data, stores in copied `plotattributes`
+# for each series and returns no arguments.
@recipe function f(::Type{SliceIt}, x, y, z)

    # handle data with formatting attached
@@ -135,28 +134,18 @@ struct SliceIt end
        z = z.data
    end

-    xs, _ = convertToAnyVector(x, plotattributes)
-    ys, _ = convertToAnyVector(y, plotattributes)
-    zs, _ = convertToAnyVector(z, plotattributes)
+    xs = series_vector(x, plotattributes)
+    ys = series_vector(y, plotattributes)
+    zs = series_vector(z, plotattributes)

    fr = pop!(plotattributes, :fillrange, nothing)
-    fillranges, _ = if typeof(fr) <: Number
-        ([fr],nothing)
-    else
-        convertToAnyVector(fr, plotattributes)
-    end
+    fillranges = process_fillrange(fr, plotattributes)
    mf = length(fillranges)

    rib = pop!(plotattributes, :ribbon, nothing)
-    ribbons, _ = if typeof(rib) <: Number
-        ([fr],nothing)
-    else
-        convertToAnyVector(rib, plotattributes)
-    end
+    ribbons = process_ribbon(rib, plotattributes)
    mr = length(ribbons)

-    # @show zs
-
    mx = length(xs)
    my = length(ys)
    mz = length(zs)
@@ -181,55 +170,111 @@ struct SliceIt end
    nothing  # don't add a series for the main block
 end

+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Apply type recipes
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
 # this is the default "type recipe"... just pass the object through
-@recipe f(::Type{T}, v::T) where {T<:Any} = v
+@recipe f(::Type{T}, v::T) where T = v

 # this should catch unhandled "series recipes" and error with a nice message
@recipe f(::Type{V}, x, y, z) where {V<:Val} = error("The backend must not support the series type $V, and there isn't a series recipe defined.")

-_apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v) = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes, typeof(v), v)[1].args[1]
+function _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v, letter)
+    _preprocess_axis_args!(plotattributes, letter)
+    rdvec = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes, typeof(v), v)
+    warn_on_recipe_aliases!(plotattributes, :type, typeof(v))
+    _postprocess_axis_args!(plotattributes, letter)
+    return rdvec[1].args[1]
+end

 # Handle type recipes when the recipe is defined on the elements.
 # This sort of recipe should return a pair of functions... one to convert to number,
 # and one to format tick values.
-function _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v::AbstractArray)
-    isempty(v) && return Float64[]
-    args = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes, typeof(v[1]), v[1])[1].args
-    if length(args) == 2 && typeof(args[1]) <: Function && typeof(args[2]) <: Function
-        numfunc, formatter = args
-        Formatted(map(numfunc, v), formatter)
+function _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v::AbstractArray, letter)
+    _preprocess_axis_args!(plotattributes, letter)
+    # First we try to apply an array type recipe.
+    w = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes, typeof(v), v)[1].args[1]
+    warn_on_recipe_aliases!(plotattributes, :type, typeof(v))
+    # If the type did not change try it element-wise
+    if typeof(v) == typeof(w)
+        isempty(skipmissing(v)) && return Float64[]
+        x = first(skipmissing(v))
+        args = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes, typeof(x), x)[1].args
+        warn_on_recipe_aliases!(plotattributes, :type, typeof(x))
+        _postprocess_axis_args!(plotattributes, letter)
+        if length(args) == 2 && all(arg -> arg isa Function, args)
+            numfunc, formatter = args
+             return Formatted(map(numfunc, v), formatter)
+         else
+             return v
+        end
+    end
+    _postprocess_axis_args!(plotattributes, letter)
+    return w
+end
+
+# special handling for Surface... need to properly unwrap and re-wrap
+_apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v::Surface{<:AMat{<:DataPoint}}) = v
+function _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v::Surface)
+    ret = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v.surf)
+    if typeof(ret) <: Formatted
+        Formatted(Surface(ret.data), ret.formatter)
    else
-        v
+        Surface(ret.data)
    end
 end

-# # special handling for Surface... need to properly unwrap and re-wrap
-# function _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v::Surface)
-#     T = eltype(v.surf)
-#     @show T
-#     if T <: Integer || T <: AbstractFloat
-#         v
-#     else
-#         ret = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v.surf)
-#         if typeof(ret) <: Formatted
-#             Formatted(Surface(ret.data), ret.formatter)
-#         else
-#             v
-#         end
-#     end
-# end
+# don't do anything for datapoints or nothing
+_apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v::AbstractArray{<:DataPoint}, letter) = v
+_apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v::Nothing, letter) = v

-# don't do anything for ints or floats
-_apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v::AbstractArray{T}) where {T<:Union{Integer,AbstractFloat}} = v
+# axis args before type recipes should still be mapped to all axes
+function _preprocess_axis_args!(plotattributes)
+    for (k, v) in plotattributes
+        if is_axis_attr_noletter(k)
+            pop!(plotattributes, k)
+            for l in (:x, :y, :z)
+                lk = Symbol(l, k)
+                haskey(plotattributes, lk) || (plotattributes[lk] = v)
+            end
+        end
+    end
+end
+function _preprocess_axis_args!(plotattributes, letter)
+    plotattributes[:letter] = letter
+    _preprocess_axis_args!(plotattributes)
+end
+
+# axis args in type recipes should only be applied to the current axis
+function _postprocess_axis_args!(plotattributes, letter)
+    pop!(plotattributes, :letter)
+    if letter in (:x, :y, :z)
+        for (k, v) in plotattributes
+            if is_axis_attr_noletter(k)
+                pop!(plotattributes, k)
+                lk = Symbol(letter, k)
+                haskey(plotattributes, lk) || (plotattributes[lk] = v)
+            end
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Fallback user recipes calling type recipes
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------

 # handle "type recipes" by converting inputs, and then either re-calling or slicing
@recipe function f(x, y, z)
+    wrap_surfaces!(plotattributes, x, y, z)
    did_replace = false
-    newx = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, x)
+    newx = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, x, :x)
    x === newx || (did_replace = true)
-    newy = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, y)
+    newy = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, y, :y)
    y === newy || (did_replace = true)
-    newz = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, z)
+    newz = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, z, :z)
    z === newz || (did_replace = true)
    if did_replace
        newx, newy, newz
@@ -238,10 +283,11 @@ _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v::AbstractArray{T}) where {T<:Union{Integer,
    end
 end
@recipe function f(x, y)
+    wrap_surfaces!(plotattributes, x, y)
    did_replace = false
-    newx = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, x)
+    newx = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, x, :x)
    x === newx || (did_replace = true)
-    newy = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, y)
+    newy = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, y, :y)
    y === newy || (did_replace = true)
    if did_replace
        newx, newy
@@ -250,7 +296,8 @@ end
    end
 end
@recipe function f(y)
-    newy = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, y)
+    wrap_surfaces!(plotattributes, y)
+    newy = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, y, :y)
    if y !== newy
        newy
    else
@@ -263,7 +310,7 @@ end
@recipe function f(v1, v2, v3, v4, vrest...)
    did_replace = false
    newargs = map(v -> begin
-        newv = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v)
+        newv = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v, :unknown)
        if newv !== v
            did_replace = true
        end
@@ -276,12 +323,14 @@ end
 end


-# # --------------------------------------------------------------------
-# # 1 argument
-# # --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
 # helper function to ensure relevant attributes are wrapped by Surface
-function wrap_surfaces(plotattributes::KW)
+function wrap_surfaces!(plotattributes, args...) end
+wrap_surfaces!(plotattributes, x::AMat, y::AMat, z::AMat) = wrap_surfaces!(plotattributes)
+wrap_surfaces!(plotattributes, x::AVec, y::AVec, z::AMat) = wrap_surfaces!(plotattributes)
+function wrap_surfaces!(plotattributes, x::AVec, y::AVec, z::Surface)
+    wrap_surfaces!(plotattributes)
+end
+function wrap_surfaces!(plotattributes)
    if haskey(plotattributes, :fill_z)
        v = plotattributes[:fill_z]
        if !isa(v, Surface)
@@ -290,75 +339,98 @@ function wrap_surfaces(plotattributes::KW)
    end
 end

+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+# 1 argument
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
@recipe f(n::Integer) = is3d(get(plotattributes,:seriestype,:path)) ? (SliceIt, n, n, n) : (SliceIt, n, n, nothing)

+all3D(plotattributes) = trueOrAllTrue(
+    st -> st in (
+        :contour,
+        :contourf,
+        :heatmap,
+        :surface,
+        :wireframe,
+        :contour3d,
+        :image,
+        :plots_heatmap,
+    ),
+    get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :none),
+)
+
 # return a surface if this is a 3d plot, otherwise let it be sliced up
-@recipe function f(mat::AMat{T}) where T<:Union{Integer,AbstractFloat}
+@recipe function f(mat::AMat)
    if all3D(plotattributes)
-        n,m = size(mat)
-        wrap_surfaces(plotattributes)
-        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Surface(mat)
+        n, m = axes(mat)
+        m, n, Surface(mat)
    else
-        SliceIt, nothing, mat, nothing
+        nothing, mat, nothing
    end
 end

 # if a matrix is wrapped by Formatted, do similar logic, but wrap data with Surface
-@recipe function f(fmt::Formatted{T}) where T<:AbstractMatrix
+@recipe function f(fmt::Formatted{<:AMat})
    if all3D(plotattributes)
        mat = fmt.data
-        n,m = size(mat)
-        wrap_surfaces(plotattributes)
-        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Formatted(Surface(mat), fmt.formatter)
+        n, m = axes(mat)
+        m, n, Formatted(Surface(mat), fmt.formatter)
    else
-        SliceIt, nothing, fmt, nothing
+        nothing, fmt, nothing
    end
 end

 # assume this is a Volume, so construct one
-@recipe function f(vol::AbstractArray{T,3}, args...) where T<:Number
+@recipe function f(vol::AbstractArray{<:MaybeNumber, 3}, args...)
    seriestype := :volume
    SliceIt, nothing, Volume(vol, args...), nothing
 end


-# # images - grays
+# images - grays
+function clamp_greys!(mat::AMat{<:Gray})
+    for i in eachindex(mat)
+        mat[i].val < 0 && (mat[i] = Gray(0))
+        mat[i].val > 1 && (mat[i] = Gray(1))
+    end
+    mat
+end

-@recipe function f(mat::AMat{T}) where T<:Gray
-    n, m = size(mat)
+@recipe function f(mat::AMat{<:Gray})
+    n, m = axes(mat)
    if is_seriestype_supported(:image)
        seriestype := :image
        yflip --> true
-        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Surface(mat)
+        SliceIt, m, n, Surface(clamp_greys!(mat))
    else
        seriestype := :heatmap
        yflip --> true
        cbar --> false
        fillcolor --> ColorGradient([:black, :white])
-        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Surface(convert(Matrix{Float64}, mat))
+        SliceIt, m, n, Surface(clamp!(convert(Matrix{Float64}, mat), 0., 1.))
    end
 end

-# # images - colors
-
+# images - colors
@recipe function f(mat::AMat{T}) where T<:Colorant
-	n, m = size(mat)
+	n, m = axes(mat)

    if is_seriestype_supported(:image)
        seriestype := :image
        yflip --> true
-        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Surface(mat)
+        SliceIt, m, n, Surface(mat)
    else
        seriestype := :heatmap
        yflip --> true
        cbar --> false
+        aspect_ratio --> :equal
        z, plotattributes[:fillcolor] = replace_image_with_heatmap(mat)
-        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Surface(z)
+        SliceIt, m, n, Surface(z)
    end
 end

-#
-# # plotting arbitrary shapes/polygons
+# plotting arbitrary shapes/polygons

@recipe function f(shape::Shape)
    seriestype --> :shape
@@ -372,54 +444,41 @@ end

@recipe function f(shapes::AMat{Shape})
    seriestype --> :shape
-    for j in 1:size(shapes,2)
+    for j in axes(shapes,2)
        @series coords(vec(shapes[:,j]))
    end
 end

+# Dicts: each entry is a data point (x,y)=(key,value)

+@recipe f(d::AbstractDict) = collect(keys(d)), collect(values(d))

 # function without range... use the current range of the x-axis

@recipe function f(f::FuncOrFuncs{F}) where F<:Function
    plt = plotattributes[:plot_object]
-    xmin, xmax = try
-        axis_limits(plt[1][:xaxis])
-    catch
-        xinv = invscalefunc(get(plotattributes, :xscale, :identity))
-        xm = tryrange(f, xinv.([-5,-1,0,0.01]))
-        xm, tryrange(f, filter(x->x>xm, xinv.([5,1,0.99, 0, -0.01])))
+    xmin, xmax = if haskey(plotattributes, :xlims)
+        plotattributes[:xlims]
+    else
+        try
+            axis_limits(plt[1], :x)
+        catch
+            xinv = invscalefunc(get(plotattributes, :xscale, :identity))
+            xm = PlotUtils.tryrange(f, xinv.([-5,-1,0,0.01]))
+            xm, PlotUtils.tryrange(f, filter(x->x>xm, xinv.([5,1,0.99, 0, -0.01])))
+        end
    end

    f, xmin, xmax
 end

-# try some intervals over which the function may be defined
-function tryrange(F::AbstractArray, vec)
-    rets = [tryrange(f, vec) for f in F] # get the preferred for each
-    maxind = maximum(indexin(rets, vec)) # get the last attempt that succeeded (most likely to fit all)
-    rets .= [tryrange(f, vec[maxind:maxind]) for f in F] # ensure that all functions compute there
-    rets[1]
-end

-function tryrange(F, vec)
-    for v in vec
-        try
-            tmp = F(v)
-            return v
-        catch
-        end
-    end
-    error("$F is not a Function, or is not defined at any of the values $vec")
-end
-#
-# # --------------------------------------------------------------------
-# # 2 arguments
-# # --------------------------------------------------------------------
-#
-#
-# # if functions come first, just swap the order (not to be confused with parametric functions...
-# # as there would be more than one function passed in)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+# 2 arguments
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# if functions come first, just swap the order (not to be confused with parametric
+# functions... as there would be more than one function passed in)

@recipe function f(f::FuncOrFuncs{F}, x) where F<:Function
    F2 = typeof(x)
@@ -427,58 +486,25 @@ end
    x, f
 end

-#
-# # --------------------------------------------------------------------
-# # 3 arguments
-# # --------------------------------------------------------------------
-#
-#
-# # 3d line or scatter

-@recipe function f(x::AVec, y::AVec, z::AVec)
-    # st = get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :none)
-    # if st == :scatter
-    #     plotattributes[:seriestype] = :scatter3d
-    # elseif !is3d(st)
-    #     plotattributes[:seriestype] = :path3d
-    # end
-    SliceIt, x, y, z
-end
-
-@recipe function f(x::AMat, y::AMat, z::AMat)
-    # st = get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :none)
-    # if size(x) == size(y) == size(z)
-    #     if !is3d(st)
-    #         seriestype := :path3d
-    #     end
-    # end
-    wrap_surfaces(plotattributes)
-    SliceIt, x, y, z
-end
-
-#
-# # surface-like... function
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+# 3 arguments
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------

+# surface-like... function
@recipe function f(x::AVec, y::AVec, zf::Function)
-    # x = X <: Number ? sort(x) : x
-    # y = Y <: Number ? sort(y) : y
-    wrap_surfaces(plotattributes)
-    SliceIt, x, y, Surface(zf, x, y)  # TODO: replace with SurfaceFunction when supported
+    x, y, Surface(zf, x, y)  # TODO: replace with SurfaceFunction when supported
 end

-#
-# # surface-like... matrix grid
-
+# surface-like... matrix grid
@recipe function f(x::AVec, y::AVec, z::AMat)
    if !like_surface(get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :none))
        plotattributes[:seriestype] = :contour
    end
-    wrap_surfaces(plotattributes)
-    SliceIt, x, y, Surface(z)
+    x, y, Surface(z)
 end

-# # images - grays
-
+# images - grays
@recipe function f(x::AVec, y::AVec, mat::AMat{T}) where T<:Gray
    if is_seriestype_supported(:image)
        seriestype := :image
@@ -493,8 +519,7 @@ end
    end
 end

-# # images - colors
-
+# images - colors
@recipe function f(x::AVec, y::AVec, mat::AMat{T}) where T<:Colorant
    if is_seriestype_supported(:image)
        seriestype := :image
@@ -509,34 +534,30 @@ end
    end
 end

-#
-#
-# # --------------------------------------------------------------------
-# # Parametric functions
-# # --------------------------------------------------------------------

-#
-# # special handling... xmin/xmax with parametric function(s)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Parametric functions
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# special handling... xmin/xmax with parametric function(s)
@recipe function f(f::Function, xmin::Number, xmax::Number)
    xscale, yscale = [get(plotattributes, sym, :identity) for sym=(:xscale,:yscale)]
-    xs = _scaled_adapted_grid(f, xscale, yscale, xmin, xmax)
-    xs, f
+    _scaled_adapted_grid(f, xscale, yscale, xmin, xmax)
 end
@recipe function f(fs::AbstractArray{F}, xmin::Number, xmax::Number) where F<:Function
    xscale, yscale = [get(plotattributes, sym, :identity) for sym=(:xscale,:yscale)]
-    xs = Any[_scaled_adapted_grid(f, xscale, yscale, xmin, xmax) for f in fs]
-    xs, fs
+    unzip(_scaled_adapted_grid.(fs, xscale, yscale, xmin, xmax))
 end
@recipe f(fx::FuncOrFuncs{F}, fy::FuncOrFuncs{G}, u::AVec) where {F<:Function,G<:Function}  = mapFuncOrFuncs(fx, u), mapFuncOrFuncs(fy, u)
@recipe f(fx::FuncOrFuncs{F}, fy::FuncOrFuncs{G}, umin::Number, umax::Number, n = 200) where {F<:Function,G<:Function} = fx, fy, range(umin, stop = umax, length = n)

 function _scaled_adapted_grid(f, xscale, yscale, xmin, xmax)
    (xf, xinv), (yf, yinv) =  ((scalefunc(s),invscalefunc(s)) for s in (xscale,yscale))
-    xinv.(adapted_grid(yf∘f∘xinv, xf.((xmin, xmax))))
+    xs, ys = adapted_grid(yf∘f∘xinv, xf.((xmin, xmax)))
+    xinv.(xs), yinv.(ys)
 end

-#
-# # special handling... 3D parametric function(s)
+# special handling... 3D parametric function(s)
@recipe function f(fx::FuncOrFuncs{F}, fy::FuncOrFuncs{G}, fz::FuncOrFuncs{H}, u::AVec) where {F<:Function,G<:Function,H<:Function}
    mapFuncOrFuncs(fx, u), mapFuncOrFuncs(fy, u), mapFuncOrFuncs(fz, u)
 end
@@ -544,60 +565,26 @@ end
    fx, fy, fz, range(umin, stop = umax, length = numPoints)
 end

-#
-#
-# # --------------------------------------------------------------------
-# # Lists of tuples and StaticArrays
-# # --------------------------------------------------------------------
-#
-# # if we get an unhandled tuple, just splat it in
-@recipe f(tup::Tuple) = tup

-#
-# # (x,y) tuples
-@recipe f(xy::AVec{Tuple{R1,R2}}) where {R1<:Number,R2<:Number} = unzip(xy)
-@recipe f(xy::Tuple{R1,R2}) where {R1<:Number,R2<:Number}       = [xy[1]], [xy[2]]
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Lists of tuples and GeometryTypes.Points
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------

-#
-# # (x,y,z) tuples
-@recipe f(xyz::AVec{Tuple{R1,R2,R3}}) where {R1<:Number,R2<:Number,R3<:Number} = unzip(xyz)
-@recipe f(xyz::Tuple{R1,R2,R3}) where {R1<:Number,R2<:Number,R3<:Number}       = [xyz[1]], [xyz[2]], [xyz[3]]
+@recipe f(v::AVec{<:Tuple})               = unzip(v)
+@recipe f(v::AVec{<:GeometryTypes.Point}) = unzip(v)
+@recipe f(tup::Tuple)             = [tup]
+@recipe f(p::GeometryTypes.Point) = [p]

-# these might be points+velocity, or OHLC or something else
-@recipe f(xyuv::AVec{Tuple{R1,R2,R3,R4}}) where {R1<:Number,R2<:Number,R3<:Number,R4<:Number} = get(plotattributes,:seriestype,:path)==:ohlc ? OHLC[OHLC(t...) for t in xyuv] : unzip(xyuv)
-@recipe f(xyuv::Tuple{R1,R2,R3,R4}) where {R1<:Number,R2<:Number,R3<:Number,R4<:Number}       = [xyuv[1]], [xyuv[2]], [xyuv[3]], [xyuv[4]]
+# Special case for 4-tuples in :ohlc series
+@recipe f(xyuv::AVec{<:Tuple{R1,R2,R3,R4}}) where {R1,R2,R3,R4} = get(plotattributes,:seriestype,:path)==:ohlc ? OHLC[OHLC(t...) for t in xyuv] : unzip(xyuv)


-#
-# # 2D StaticArrays
-@recipe f(xy::AVec{StaticArrays.SVector{2,T}}) where {T<:Number} = unzip(xy)
-@recipe f(xy::StaticArrays.SVector{2,T}) where {T<:Number}       = [xy[1]], [xy[2]]
-
-#
-# # 3D StaticArrays
-@recipe f(xyz::AVec{StaticArrays.SVector{3,T}}) where {T<:Number} = unzip(xyz)
-@recipe f(xyz::StaticArrays.SVector{3,T}) where {T<:Number}       = [xyz[1]], [xyz[2]], [xyz[3]]
-
-#
-# # --------------------------------------------------------------------
-# # handle grouping
-# # --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-# @recipe function f(groupby::GroupBy, args...)
-#     for (i,glab) in enumerate(groupby.groupLabels)
-#         # create a new series, with the label of the group, and an idxfilter (to be applied in slice_and_dice)
-#         # TODO: use @series instead
-#         @show i, glab, groupby.groupIds[i]
-#         di = copy(plotattributes)
-#         get!(di, :label, string(glab))
-#         get!(di, :idxfilter, groupby.groupIds[i])
-#         push!(series_list, RecipeData(di, args))
-#     end
-#     nothing
-# end
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+# handle grouping
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------

 splittable_kw(key, val, lengthGroup) = false
-splittable_kw(key, val::AbstractArray, lengthGroup) = (key != :group) && size(val,1) == lengthGroup
+splittable_kw(key, val::AbstractArray, lengthGroup) = !(key in (:group, :color_palette)) && length(axes(val,1)) == lengthGroup
 splittable_kw(key, val::Tuple, lengthGroup) = all(splittable_kw.(key, val, lengthGroup))
 splittable_kw(key, val::SeriesAnnotations, lengthGroup) = splittable_kw(key, val.strs, lengthGroup)

@@ -611,7 +598,7 @@ end
 function groupedvec2mat(x_ind, x, y::AbstractArray, groupby, def_val = y[1])
    y_mat = Array{promote_type(eltype(y), typeof(def_val))}(undef, length(keys(x_ind)), length(groupby.groupLabels))
    fill!(y_mat, def_val)
-    for i in 1:length(groupby.groupLabels)
+    for i in eachindex(groupby.groupLabels)
        xi = x[groupby.groupIds[i]]
        yi = y[groupby.groupIds[i]]
        y_mat[getindex.(Ref(x_ind), xi), i] = yi
@@ -644,7 +631,7 @@ group_as_matrix(t) = false
        if length(g.args) == 1
            x = zeros(Int, lengthGroup)
            for indexes in groupby.groupIds
-                x[indexes] = 1:length(indexes)
+                x[indexes] = eachindex(indexes)
            end
            last_args = g.args
        else
@@ -652,7 +639,7 @@ group_as_matrix(t) = false
            last_args = g.args[2:end]
        end
        x_u = unique(sort(x))
-        x_ind = Dict(zip(x_u, 1:length(x_u)))
+        x_ind = Dict(zip(x_u, eachindex(x_u)))
        for (key,val) in plotattributes
            if splittable_kw(key, val, lengthGroup)
                :($key) := groupedvec2mat(x_ind, x, val, groupby)
@@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
+"""
+    scatter(x,y)
+    scatter!(x,y)
+
+Make a scatter plot of y vs x.
+
+# Examples
+```julia-repl
+julia> scatter([1,2,3],[4,5,6],markersize=[3,4,5],markercolor=[:red,:green,:blue])
+julia> scatter([(1,4),(2,5),(3,6)])
+```
+"""
+@shorthands scatter
+
+"""
+    bar(x,y)
+    bar!(x,y)
+
+Make a bar plot of y vs x.
+
+# Arguments
+
+- $(_document_argument("bar_position"))
+- $(_document_argument("bar_width"))
+- $(_document_argument("bar_edges"))
+- $(_document_argument("orientation"))
+
+# Examples
+```julia-repl
+julia> bar([1,2,3],[4,5,6],fillcolor=[:red,:green,:blue],fillalpha=[0.2,0.4,0.6])
+julia> bar([(1,4),(2,5),(3,6)])
+```
+"""
+@shorthands bar
+
+@shorthands barh
+
+"""
+    histogram(x)
+    histogram!(x)
+
+Plot a histogram.
+
+# Arguments
+
+- `x`: AbstractVector of values to be binned
+- $(_document_argument("bins"))
+- `weights`: Vector of weights for the values in `x`, for weighted bin counts
+- $(_document_argument("normalize"))
+- $(_document_argument("bar_position"))
+- $(_document_argument("bar_width"))
+- $(_document_argument("bar_edges"))
+- $(_document_argument("orientation"))
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> histogram([1,2,1,1,4,3,8],bins=0:8)
+```
+"""
+@shorthands histogram
+
+"""
+    barhist(x)
+    barhist!(x)
+
+Make a histogram bar plot. See `histogram`.
+"""
+@shorthands barhist
+
+"""
+    stephist(x)
+    stephist(x)
+
+Make a histogram step plot (bin counts are represented using horizontal lines
+instead of bars). See `histogram`.
+"""
+@shorthands stephist
+
+"""
+    scatterhist(x)
+    scatterhist!(x)
+
+Make a histogram scatter plot (bin counts are represented using points
+instead of bars). See `histogram`.
+"""
+@shorthands scatterhist
+
+"""
+    histogram2d(x,y)
+    histogram2d!(x,y)
+
+Plot a two-dimensional histogram.
+
+# Arguments
+
+- `bins`: Number of bins (if an `Integer`) or bin edges (if an `AbtractVector`)
+- `weights`: Vector of weights for the values in `x`. Each entry of x contributes
+             its weight to the height of its bin.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> histogram2d(randn(10_000),randn(10_000))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands histogram2d
+
+"""
+    density(x)
+    density!(x)
+
+Make a line plot of a kernel density estimate of x.
+
+# Arguments
+
+- `x`: AbstractVector of samples for probability density estimation
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> using StatsPlots
+julia> density(randn(100_000))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands density
+
+"""
+    heatmap(x,y,z)
+    heatmap!(x,y,z)
+
+Plot a heatmap of the rectangular array `z`.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> heatmap(randn(10,10))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands heatmap
+@shorthands plots_heatmap
+
+"""
+    hexbin(x,y)
+    hexbin!(x,y)
+
+Make a hexagonal binning plot (a histogram of the observations `(x[i],y[i])`
+with hexagonal bins)
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> hexbin(randn(10_000), randn(10_000))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands hexbin
+
+"""
+    sticks(x,y)
+    sticks!(x,y)
+
+Draw a stick plot of y vs x.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> sticks(1:10)
+```
+"""
+@shorthands sticks
+
+"""
+    hline(y)
+    hline!(y)
+
+Draw horizontal lines at positions specified by the values in
+the AbstractVector `y`
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> hline([-1,0,2])
+```
+"""
+@shorthands hline
+
+"""
+    vline(x)
+    vline!(x)
+
+Draw vertical lines at positions specified by the values in
+the AbstractVector `x`
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> vline([-1,0,2])
+```
+"""
+@shorthands vline
+
+"""
+    hspan(y)
+
+Draw a rectangle between the horizontal line at position `y[1]`
+and the horizontal line at position `y[2]`. If `length(y) ≥ 4`,
+then further rectangles are drawn between `y[3]` and `y[4]`,
+`y[5]` and `y[6]`, and so on. If `length(y)` is odd, then the
+last entry of `y` is ignored.
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> hspan(1:6)
+```
+"""
+@shorthands hspan
+
+"""
+    vspan(x)
+
+Draw a rectangle between the vertical line at position `x[1]`
+and the vertical line at position `x[2]`. If `length(x) ≥ 4`,
+then further rectangles are drawn between `x[3]` and `x[4]`,
+`x[5]` and `x[6]`, and so on. If `length(x)` is odd, then the
+last entry of `x` is ignored.
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> vspan(1:6)
+```
+"""
+@shorthands vspan
+
+"""
+    ohlc(x,y::Vector{OHLC})
+    ohlc!(x,y::Vector{OHLC})
+
+Make open-high-low-close plot. Each entry of y is represented by a vertical
+segment extending from the low value to the high value, with short horizontal
+segments on the left and right indicating the open and close values, respectively.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> meanprices = cumsum(randn(100))
+julia> y = OHLC[(p+rand(),p+1,p-1,p+rand()) for p in meanprices]
+julia> ohlc(y)
+```
+"""
+@shorthands ohlc
+
+
+"""
+    contour(x,y,z)
+    contour!(x,y,z)
+
+Draw contour lines of the `Surface` z.
+
+# Arguments
+- `levels`: Contour levels (if `AbstractVector`) or number of levels (if `Integer`)
+- `fill`: Bool. Fill area between contours or draw contours only (false by default)
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> x = y = range(-20, 20, length = 100)
+julia> contour(x, y, (x, y) -> x^2 + y^2)
+```
+"""
+@shorthands contour
+
+"An alias for `contour` with fill = true."
+@shorthands contourf
+
+
+@shorthands contour3d
+
+"""
+    surface(x,y,z)
+    surface!(x,y,z)
+
+Draw a 3D surface plot.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> using LinearAlgebra
+julia> x = y = range(-3, 3, length = 100)
+julia> surface(x, y, (x, y) -> sinc(norm([x, y])))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands surface
+
+"""
+    wireframe(x,y,z)
+    wireframe!(x,y,z)
+
+Draw a 3D wireframe plot.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> wireframe(1:10,1:10,randn(10,10))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands wireframe
+
+"""
+    path3d(x,y,z)
+    path3d!(x,y,z)
+
+Plot a 3D path from `(x[1],y[1],z[1])` to `(x[2],y[2],z[2])`,
+..., to `(x[end],y[end],z[end])`.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> path3d([0,1,2,3],[0,1,4,9],[0,1,8,27])
+```
+"""
+@shorthands path3d
+
+"""
+    scatter3d(x,y,z)
+    scatter3d!(x,y,z)
+
+Make a 3D scatter plot.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> scatter3d([0,1,2,3],[0,1,4,9],[0,1,8,27])
+```
+"""
+@shorthands scatter3d
+
+"""
+    boxplot(x, y)
+    boxplot!(x, y)
+
+Make a box and whisker plot.
+
+# Keyword arguments
+- `notch`: Bool. Notch the box plot? (false)
+- `range`: Real. Values more than range*IQR below the first quartile
+           or above the third quartile are shown as outliers (1.5)
+- `outliers`: Bool. Show outliers? (true)
+- `whisker_width`: Real or Symbol. Length of whiskers (:match)
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> using StatsPlots
+julia> boxplot(repeat([1,2,3],outer=100),randn(300))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands boxplot
+
+"""
+    violin(x,y,z)
+    violin!(x,y,z)
+
+Make a violin plot.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> violin(repeat([1,2,3],outer=100),randn(300))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands violin
+
+"""
+    quiver(x,y,quiver=(u,v))
+    quiver!(x,y,quiver=(u,v))
+
+Make a quiver (vector field) plot. The `i`th vector extends
+from `(x[i],y[i])` to `(x[i] + u[i], y[i] + v[i])`.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> quiver([1,2,3],[3,2,1],quiver=([1,1,1],[1,2,3]))
+```
+"""
+@shorthands quiver
+
+"""
+    curves(x,y)
+    curves!(x,y)
+
+Draw a Bezier curve from `(x[1],y[1])` to `(x[end],y[end])`
+with control points `(x[2],y[2]), ..., (x[end-1],y[end]-1)`
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> curves([1,2,3,4],[1,1,2,4])
+```
+"""
+@shorthands curves
+
+"Plot a pie diagram"
+pie(args...; kw...)        = plot(args...; kw...,  seriestype = :pie, aspect_ratio = :equal, grid=false, xticks=nothing, yticks=nothing)
+pie!(args...; kw...)       = plot!(args...; kw..., seriestype = :pie, aspect_ratio = :equal, grid=false, xticks=nothing, yticks=nothing)
+
+"Plot with seriestype :path3d"
+plot3d(args...; kw...)     = plot(args...; kw...,  seriestype = :path3d)
+plot3d!(args...; kw...)    = plot!(args...; kw..., seriestype = :path3d)
+
+"Add title to an existing plot"
+title!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                 = plot!(; title = s, kw...)
+
+"Add xlabel to an existing plot"
+xlabel!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                = plot!(; xlabel = s, kw...)
+
+"Add ylabel to an existing plot"
+ylabel!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                = plot!(; ylabel = s, kw...)
+
+"Set xlims for an existing plot"
+xlims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; xlims = lims, kw...)
+
+"Set ylims for an existing plot"
+ylims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; ylims = lims, kw...)
+
+"Set zlims for an existing plot"
+zlims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; zlims = lims, kw...)
+
+xlims!(xmin::Real, xmax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; xlims = (xmin,xmax), kw...)
+ylims!(ymin::Real, ymax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; ylims = (ymin,ymax), kw...)
+zlims!(zmin::Real, zmax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; zlims = (zmin,zmax), kw...)
+
+
+"Set xticks for an existing plot"
+xticks!(v::TicksArgs; kw...) where {T<:Real}                       = plot!(; xticks = v, kw...)
+
+"Set yticks for an existing plot"
+yticks!(v::TicksArgs; kw...) where {T<:Real}                       = plot!(; yticks = v, kw...)
+
+xticks!(
+ticks::AVec{T}, labels::AVec{S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:AbstractString}     = plot!(; xticks = (ticks,labels), kw...)
+yticks!(
+ticks::AVec{T}, labels::AVec{S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:AbstractString}     = plot!(; yticks = (ticks,labels), kw...)
+
+"""
+    annotate!(anns...)
+
+Add annotations to an existing plot.
+
+# Arguments
+
+- `anns`: An `AbstractVector` of tuples of the form `(x,y,text)`. The `text` object
+          can be a `String` or `PlotText`.
+
+# Example
+```julia-repl
+julia> plot(1:10)
+julia> annotate!([(7,3,"(7,3)"),(3,7,text("hey", 14, :left, :top, :green))])
+```
+"""
+annotate!(anns...; kw...)                                        = plot!(; annotation = anns, kw...)
+annotate!(anns::AVec{T}; kw...) where {T<:Tuple}                 = plot!(; annotation = anns, kw...)
+
+"Flip the current plots' x axis"
+xflip!(flip::Bool = true; kw...)                          = plot!(; xflip = flip, kw...)
+
+"Flip the current plots' y axis"
+yflip!(flip::Bool = true; kw...)                          = plot!(; yflip = flip, kw...)
+
+"Specify x axis attributes for an existing plot"
+xaxis!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; xaxis = args, kw...)
+
+"Specify y axis attributes for an existing plot"
+yaxis!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; yaxis = args, kw...)
+xgrid!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; xgrid = args, kw...)
+ygrid!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; ygrid = args, kw...)
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ function Subplot(::T; parent = RootLayout()) where T<:AbstractBackend
        (20mm, 5mm, 2mm, 10mm),
        defaultbox,
        defaultbox,
-        KW(),
+        Attr(KW(), _subplot_defaults),
        nothing,
        nothing
    )
@@ -4,39 +4,19 @@
 Specify the colour theme for plots.
 """
 function theme(s::Symbol; kw...)
-    defaults = _get_defaults(s)
+    defaults = copy(PlotThemes._themes[s].defaults)
    _theme(s, defaults; kw...)
 end

-function _get_defaults(s::Symbol)
-    thm = PlotThemes._themes[s]
-    if :defaults in fieldnames(typeof(thm))
-        return thm.defaults
-    else # old PlotTheme type
-        defaults = KW(
-            :bg       => thm.bg_secondary,
-            :bginside => thm.bg_primary,
-            :fg       => thm.lines,
-            :fgtext   => thm.text,
-            :fgguide  => thm.text,
-            :fglegend => thm.text,
-            :palette  => thm.palette,
-        )
-        if thm.gradient != nothing
-            push!(defaults, :gradient => thm.gradient)
-        end
-        return defaults
-    end
-end
-
-function _theme(s::Symbol, defaults::KW; kw...)
+function _theme(s::Symbol, defaults::AKW; kw...)
    # Reset to defaults to overwrite active theme
    reset_defaults()

    # Set the theme's gradient as default
-    if haskey(defaults, :gradient)
+    if haskey(defaults, :colorgradient)
        PlotUtils.clibrary(:misc)
        PlotUtils.default_cgrad(default = :sequential, sequential = PlotThemes.gradient_name(s))
+        pop!(defaults, :colorgradient)
    else
        PlotUtils.clibrary(:Plots)
        PlotUtils.default_cgrad(default = :sequential, sequential = :inferno)
@@ -44,8 +24,8 @@ function _theme(s::Symbol, defaults::KW; kw...)

    # maybe overwrite the theme's gradient
    kw = KW(kw)
-    if haskey(kw, :gradient)
-        kwgrad = pop!(kw, :gradient)
+    if haskey(kw, :colorgradient)
+        kwgrad = pop!(kw, :colorgradient)
        for clib in clibraries()
            if kwgrad in cgradients(clib)
                PlotUtils.clibrary(clib)
@@ -74,11 +54,11 @@ _get_showtheme_args(thm::Symbol, func::Symbol) = thm, get(_color_functions, func

@recipe function showtheme(st::ShowTheme)
    thm, cfunc = _get_showtheme_args(st.args...)
-    defaults = _get_defaults(thm)
+    defaults = PlotThemes._themes[thm].defaults

    # get the gradient
-    gradient_colors = get(defaults, :gradient, cgrad(:inferno).colors)
-    gradient = cgrad(cfunc.(RGB.(gradient_colors)))
+    gradient_colors = get(defaults, :colorgradient, cgrad(:inferno).colors)
+    colorgradient = cgrad(cfunc.(RGB.(gradient_colors)))

    # get the palette
    palette = get(defaults, :palette, get_color_palette(:auto, plot_color(:white), 17))
@@ -86,7 +66,7 @@ _get_showtheme_args(thm::Symbol, func::Symbol) = thm, get(_color_functions, func

    # apply the theme
    for k in keys(defaults)
-        k in (:gradient, :palette) && continue
+        k in (:colorgradient, :palette) && continue
        def = defaults[k]
        arg = get(_keyAliases, k, k)
        plotattributes[arg] = if typeof(def) <: Colorant
@@ -100,7 +80,7 @@ _get_showtheme_args(thm::Symbol, func::Symbol) = thm, get(_color_functions, func
        end
    end

-    srand(1)
+    Random.seed!(1)

    label := ""
    colorbar := false
@@ -139,27 +119,30 @@ _get_showtheme_args(thm::Symbol, func::Symbol) = thm, get(_color_functions, func
    @series begin
        subplot := 4
        seriestype := :heatmap
-        seriescolor := gradient
-        ticks := -5:5:5
+        seriescolor := colorgradient
+        xticks := (-2π:2π:2π, string.(-2:2:2, "π"))
+        yticks := (-2π:2π:2π, string.(-2:2:2, "π"))
        x, y, z
    end

    @series begin
        subplot := 5
        seriestype := :surface
-        seriescolor := gradient
+        seriescolor := colorgradient
+        xticks := (-2π:2π:2π, string.(-2:2:2, "π"))
+        yticks := (-2π:2π:2π, string.(-2:2:2, "π"))
        x, y, z
    end

    n = 100
    ts = range(0, stop = 10π, length = n)
-    x = ts .* cos.(ts)
+    x = (0.1ts) .* cos.(ts)
    y = (0.1ts) .* sin.(ts)
    z = 1:n

    @series begin
        subplot := 6
-        seriescolor := gradient
+        seriescolor := colorgradient
        linewidth := 3
        line_z := z
        x, y, z
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 const AVec = AbstractVector
 const AMat = AbstractMatrix
 const KW = Dict{Symbol,Any}
+const AKW = AbstractDict{Symbol,Any}
 const TicksArgs = Union{AVec{T}, Tuple{AVec{T}, AVec{S}}, Symbol} where {T<:Real, S<:AbstractString}

 struct PlotsDisplay <: AbstractDisplay end
@@ -18,10 +19,64 @@ wrap(obj::T) where {T} = InputWrapper{T}(obj)
 Base.isempty(wrapper::InputWrapper) = false


+# -----------------------------------------------------------
+
+struct Attr <: AbstractDict{Symbol,Any}
+    explicit::KW
+    defaults::KW
+end
+
+function Base.getindex(attr::Attr, k)
+    return haskey(attr.explicit, k) ? attr.explicit[k] : attr.defaults[k]
+end
+Base.haskey(attr::Attr, k) = haskey(attr.explicit,k) || haskey(attr.defaults,k)
+Base.get(attr::Attr, k, default) = haskey(attr, k) ? attr[k] : default
+function Base.get!(attr::Attr, k, default)
+    v = if haskey(attr, k)
+        attr[k]
+    else
+        attr.defaults[k] = default
+    end
+    return v
+end
+function Base.delete!(attr::Attr, k)
+    haskey(attr.explicit, k) && delete!(attr.explicit, k)
+    haskey(attr.defaults, k) && delete!(attr.defaults, k)
+end
+Base.length(attr::Attr) = length(union(keys(attr.explicit), keys(attr.defaults)))
+function Base.iterate(attr::Attr)
+    exp_keys = keys(attr.explicit)
+    def_keys = setdiff(keys(attr.defaults), exp_keys)
+    key_list = collect(Iterators.flatten((exp_keys, def_keys)))
+    iterate(attr, (key_list, 1))
+end
+function Base.iterate(attr::Attr, (key_list, i))
+    i > length(key_list) && return nothing
+    k = key_list[i]
+    (k=>attr[k], (key_list, i+1))
+end
+
+Base.copy(attr::Attr) = Attr(copy(attr.explicit), attr.defaults)
+
+RecipesBase.is_explicit(attr::Attr, k) = haskey(attr.explicit,k)
+isdefault(attr::Attr, k) = !is_explicit(attr,k) && haskey(attr.defaults,k)
+
+Base.setindex!(attr::Attr, v, k) = attr.explicit[k] = v
+
+# Reset to default value and return dict
+reset_kw!(attr::Attr, k) = is_explicit(attr, k) ? delete!(attr.explicit, k) : attr
+# Reset to default value and return old value
+pop_kw!(attr::Attr, k) = is_explicit(attr, k) ? pop!(attr.explicit, k) : attr.defaults[k]
+pop_kw!(attr::Attr, k, default) = is_explicit(attr, k) ? pop!(attr.explicit, k) : get(attr.defaults, k, default)
+# Fallbacks for dicts without defaults
+reset_kw!(d::AKW, k) = delete!(d, k)
+pop_kw!(d::AKW, k) = pop!(d, k)
+pop_kw!(d::AKW, k, default) = pop!(d, k, default)
+
 # -----------------------------------------------------------

 mutable struct Series
-    plotattributes::KW
+    plotattributes::Attr
 end

 attr(series::Series, k::Symbol) = series.plotattributes[k]
@@ -36,7 +91,7 @@ mutable struct Subplot{T<:AbstractBackend} <: AbstractLayout
    minpad::Tuple # leftpad, toppad, rightpad, bottompad
    bbox::BoundingBox  # the canvas area which is available to this subplot
    plotarea::BoundingBox  # the part where the data goes
-    attr::KW  # args specific to this subplot
+    attr::Attr  # args specific to this subplot
    o  # can store backend-specific data... like a pyplot ax
    plt  # the enclosing Plot object (can't give it a type because of no forward declarations)
 end
@@ -48,7 +103,7 @@ Base.show(io::IO, sp::Subplot) = print(io, "Subplot{$(sp[:subplot_index])}")
 # simple wrapper around a KW so we can hold all attributes pertaining to the axis in one place
 mutable struct Axis
    sps::Vector{Subplot}
-    plotattributes::KW
+    plotattributes::Attr
 end

 mutable struct Extrema
@@ -67,8 +122,7 @@ const SubplotMap = Dict{Any, Subplot}
 mutable struct Plot{T<:AbstractBackend} <: AbstractPlot{T}
    backend::T                   # the backend type
    n::Int                       # number of series
-    attr::KW                     # arguments for the whole plot
-    user_attr::KW                # raw arg inputs (after aliases).  these are used as the input dict in `_plot!`
+    attr::Attr            # arguments for the whole plot
    series_list::Vector{Series}  # arguments for each series
    o                            # the backend's plot object
    subplots::Vector{Subplot}
@@ -79,7 +133,7 @@ mutable struct Plot{T<:AbstractBackend} <: AbstractPlot{T}
 end

 function Plot()
-    Plot(backend(), 0, KW(), KW(), Series[], nothing,
+    Plot(backend(), 0, Attr(KW(), _plot_defaults), Series[], nothing,
         Subplot[], SubplotMap(), EmptyLayout(),
         Subplot[], false)
 end
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+reference_images
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-StatPlots
-Images
-ImageMagick
-@osx QuartzImageIO
-FileIO
-GR 0.31.0
-RDatasets
-VisualRegressionTests
-UnicodePlots
-LaTeXStrings
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-using Pkg
-
-# need this to use Conda
-# ENV["PYTHON"] = ""
-
-to_add = [
-    # PackageSpec(url="https://github.com/JuliaStats/KernelDensity.jl.git"),
-    PackageSpec(name="PlotUtils", rev="master"),
-    PackageSpec(name="RecipesBase", rev="master"),
-    # PackageSpec(name="Blink", rev="master"),
-    # PackageSpec(name="Rsvg", rev="master"),
-    # PackageSpec(name="PlotlyJS", rev="master"),
-    # PackageSpec(name="VisualRegressionTests", rev="master"),
-    # PackageSpec("PyPlot"),
-    # PackageSpec("InspectDR"),
-]
-
-if isinteractive()
-    Pkg.develop(PackageSpec(url="https://github.com/JuliaPlots/PlotReferenceImages.jl.git"))
-    append!(to_add, [
-        PackageSpec(name="FileIO"),
-        PackageSpec(name="ImageMagick"),
-        PackageSpec(name="UnicodePlots"),
-        PackageSpec(name="VisualRegressionTests"),
-        PackageSpec(name="Gtk"),
-        # PlotlyJS:
-        # PackageSpec(name="PlotlyJS"),
-        # PackageSpec(name="Blink"),
-        # PackageSpec(name="ORCA"),
-        # PyPlot:
-        # PackageSpec(name="PyPlot"),
-        # PackageSpec(name="PyCall"),
-        # PackageSpec(name="LaTeXStrings"),
-    ])
-else
-    push!(to_add, PackageSpec(url="https://github.com/JuliaPlots/PlotReferenceImages.jl.git"))
-end
-
-Pkg.add(to_add)
-
-Pkg.build("ImageMagick")
-# Pkg.build("GR")
-# Pkg.build("Blink")
-# import Blink
-# Blink.AtomShell.install()
-# Pkg.build("PyPlot")
@@ -1,92 +1,28 @@
-
-using VisualRegressionTests
-# using ExamplePlots
-
-if isinteractive()
-    @eval Main import Gtk
-end
-
-# import DataFrames, RDatasets
-
-# don't let pyplot use a gui... it'll crash
-# note: Agg will set gui -> :none in PyPlot
-# ENV["MPLBACKEND"] = "Agg"
-# try
-#   @eval import PyPlot
-#   @info("Matplotlib version: $(PyPlot.matplotlib[:__version__])")
-# end
-
-
-using Plots
-# using StatPlots
-import PlotReferenceImages
-using Random
-using Test
-
-default(size=(500,300))
-
-
-# TODO: use julia's Condition type and the wait() and notify() functions to initialize a Window, then wait() on a condition that
-#       is referenced in a button press callback (the button clicked callback will call notify() on that condition)
-
 import Plots._current_plots_version

-
-function image_comparison_tests(pkg::Symbol, idx::Int; debug = false, popup = isinteractive(), sigma = [1,1], tol = 1e-2)
+function image_comparison_tests(pkg::Symbol, idx::Int; debug = false, popup = !is_ci(), sigma = [1,1], tol = 1e-2)
    Plots._debugMode.on = debug
    example = Plots._examples[idx]
+    Plots.theme(:default)
    @info("Testing plot: $pkg:$idx:$(example.header)")
    backend(pkg)
    backend()
-
+    default(size=(500,300))
    # ensure consistent results
    Random.seed!(1234)

-    # reference image directory setup
-    # refdir = joinpath(Pkg.dir("ExamplePlots"), "test", "refimg", string(pkg))
-    refdir = joinpath(dirname(pathof(PlotReferenceImages)), "..", "Plots", string(pkg))
    fn = "ref$idx.png"
-
-    # firgure out version info
-    vns = filter(x->x[1] != '.', readdir(refdir))
-    versions = sort(VersionNumber.(vns), rev = true)
-    versions = filter(v -> v <= _current_plots_version, versions)
-    # @show refdir fn versions
-
-    newdir = joinpath(refdir, string(_current_plots_version))
-    newfn = joinpath(newdir, fn)
-
-    # figure out which reference file we should compare to, by finding the highest versioned file
-    reffn = nothing
-    for v in versions
-        tmpfn = joinpath(refdir, string(v), fn)
-        if isfile(tmpfn)
-            reffn = tmpfn
-            break
-        end
-    end
-
-    # now we have the fn (if any)... do the comparison
-    # @show reffn
-    if reffn == nothing
-        reffn = newfn
-    end
-    # @show reffn
-    # return
+    reffn = reference_file(pkg, idx, _current_plots_version)
+    newfn = joinpath(reference_path(pkg, _current_plots_version), fn)

    # test function
    func = (fn, idx) -> begin
-        map(eval, example.exprs)
+        expr = Expr(:block)
+        append!(expr.args, example.exprs)
+        eval(expr)
        png(fn)
    end

-    # try
-    #     run(`mkdir -p $newdir`)
-    # catch err
-    #     display(err)
-    # end
-    # # reffn = joinpath(refdir, "ref$idx.png")
-
    # the test
    vtest = VisualTest(func, reffn, idx)
    test_images(vtest, popup=popup, sigma=sigma, tol=tol, newfn = newfn)
@@ -100,7 +36,7 @@ function image_comparison_facts(pkg::Symbol;
                                tol = 1e-2)     # acceptable error (percent)
  for i in 1:length(Plots._examples)
    i in skip && continue
-    if only == nothing || i in only
+    if only === nothing || i in only
      @test image_comparison_tests(pkg, i, debug=debug, sigma=sigma, tol=tol) |> success == true
    end
  end
@@ -1,103 +1,119 @@
-module PlotsTests
+import ImageMagick
+using VisualRegressionTests
+using Plots
+using Random
+using Test
+using FileIO
+using Gtk
+using LibGit2
+using GeometryTypes
+using Dates
+
+include("test_hdf5plots.jl")
+include("test_pgfplotsx.jl")
+
+reference_dir(args...) = joinpath(homedir(), ".julia", "dev", "PlotReferenceImages", args...)
+
+function reference_file(backend, i, version)
+    refdir = reference_dir("Plots", string(backend))
+    fn = "ref$i.png"
+    versions = sort(VersionNumber.(readdir(refdir)), rev = true)
+
+    reffn = joinpath(refdir, string(version), fn)
+    for v in versions
+        tmpfn = joinpath(refdir, string(v), fn)
+        if isfile(tmpfn)
+            reffn = tmpfn
+            break
+        end
+    end
+
+    return reffn
+end
+
+reference_path(backend, version) = reference_dir("Plots", string(backend), string(version))
+
+if !isdir(reference_dir())
+    mkpath(reference_dir())
+    LibGit2.clone("https://github.com/JuliaPlots/PlotReferenceImages.jl.git", reference_dir())
+end

-include("add_packages.jl")
 include("imgcomp.jl")
-
 # don't actually show the plots
 Random.seed!(1234)
 default(show=false, reuse=true)
-img_tol = isinteractive() ? 1e-2 : 10e-2
+is_ci() = get(ENV, "CI", "false") == "true"
+img_tol = is_ci() ? 1e-2 : Sys.islinux() ? 1e-3 : 0.1

+## Uncomment the following lines to update reference images for different backends
+
+#=
@testset "GR" begin
-    ENV["PLOTS_TEST"] = "true"
-    ENV["GKSwstype"] = "100"
-    @test gr() == Plots.GRBackend()
-    @test backend() == Plots.GRBackend()
+    image_comparison_facts(:gr, tol=img_tol, skip = Plots._backend_skips[:gr])
+end

-    @static if Sys.islinux()
-        image_comparison_facts(:gr, tol=img_tol, skip = [25, 30])
+plotly()
+@testset "Plotly" begin
+    image_comparison_facts(:plotly, tol=img_tol, skip = Plots._backend_skips[:plotlyjs])
+end
+
+pyplot()
+@testset "PyPlot" begin
+    image_comparison_facts(:pyplot, tol=img_tol, skip = Plots._backend_skips[:pyplot])
+end
+
+pgfplots()
+@testset "PGFPlots" begin
+    image_comparison_facts(:pgfplots, tol=img_tol, skip = Plots._backend_skips[:pgfplots])
+end
+=#
+##
+
+@testset "Backends" begin
+
+    @testset "GR" begin
+        ENV["PLOTS_TEST"] = "true"
+        ENV["GKSwstype"] = "100"
+        @test gr() == Plots.GRBackend()
+        @test backend() == Plots.GRBackend()
+
+        @static if haskey(ENV, "APPVEYOR")
+            @info "Skipping GR image comparison tests on AppVeyor"
+        else
+            image_comparison_facts(:gr, tol=img_tol, skip = Plots._backend_skips[:gr])
+        end
    end
+
+    @testset "UnicodePlots" begin
+        @test unicodeplots() == Plots.UnicodePlotsBackend()
+        @test backend() == Plots.UnicodePlotsBackend()
+
+        # lets just make sure it runs without error
+        p = plot(rand(10))
+        @test isa(p, Plots.Plot) == true
+        @test isa(display(p), Nothing) == true
+        p = bar(randn(10))
+        @test isa(p, Plots.Plot) == true
+        @test isa(display(p), Nothing) == true
+        p = plot([1, 2], [3, 4])
+        annotate!(p, [(1.5, 3.2, Plots.text("Test", :red, :center))])
+        hline!(p, [3.1])
+        @test isa(p, Plots.Plot) == true
+        @test isa(display(p), Nothing) == true
+        p = plot([Dates.Date(2019, 1, 1), Dates.Date(2019, 2, 1)], [3, 4])
+        hline!(p, [3.1])
+        annotate!(p, [(Dates.Date(2019, 1, 15), 3.2, Plots.text("Test", :red, :center))])
+        @test isa(p, Plots.Plot) == true
+        @test isa(display(p), Nothing) == true
+        p = plot([Dates.Date(2019, 1, 1), Dates.Date(2019, 2, 1)], [3, 4])
+        annotate!(p, [(Dates.Date(2019, 1, 15), 3.2, Plots.text("Test", :red, :center))])
+        hline!(p, [3.1])
+        @test isa(p, Plots.Plot) == true
+        @test isa(display(p), Nothing) == true
+    end
+
 end

-# @static if isinteractive()
-#     @testset "PyPlot" begin
-#         @test pyplot() == Plots.PyPlotBackend()
-#         @test backend() == Plots.PyPlotBackend()
-#
-#         image_comparison_facts(:pyplot, tol=img_tol, skip = [2, 25, 30, 31])
-#     end
-# end
-
-@testset "UnicodePlots" begin
-    @test unicodeplots() == Plots.UnicodePlotsBackend()
-    @test backend() == Plots.UnicodePlotsBackend()
-
-    # lets just make sure it runs without error
-    @test isa(plot(rand(10)), Plots.Plot) == true
-end
-
-# The plotlyjs testimages return a connection error on travis:
-# connect: connection refused (ECONNREFUSED)
-
-# @static if isinteractive()
-#     @testset "PlotlyJS" begin
-#         @test plotlyjs() == Plots.PlotlyJSBackend()
-#         @test backend() == Plots.PlotlyJSBackend()
-#
-#         image_comparison_facts(:plotlyjs,
-#             skip=[
-#                 2,  # animation (skipped for speed)
-#                 25,
-#                 27, # (polar plots) takes very long / not working
-#                 30,
-#                 31, # animation (skipped for speed)
-#             ],
-#             tol=img_tol)
-#     end
-# end
-
-# InspectDR returns that error on travis:
-# ERROR: LoadError: InitError: Cannot open display:
-#  in Gtk.GLib.GError(::Gtk.##229#230) at /home/travis/.julia/v0.5/Gtk/src/GLib/gerror.jl:17
-
-# @testset "InspectDR" begin
-#     @test inspectdr() == Plots.InspectDRBackend()
-#     @test backend() == Plots.InspectDRBackend()
-#
-#     image_comparison_facts(:inspectdr,
-#         skip=[
-#             2,  # animation
-#             6,  # heatmap not defined
-#             10, # heatmap not defined
-#             22, # contour not defined
-#             23, # pie not defined
-#             27, # polar plot not working
-#             28, # heatmap not defined
-#             31, # animation
-#         ],
-#         tol=img_tol)
-# end
-
-
-# @testset "Plotly" begin
-#     @test plotly() == Plots.PlotlyBackend()
-#     @test backend() == Plots.PlotlyBackend()
-#
-#     # # until png generation is reliable on OSX, just test on linux
-#     # @static Sys.islinux() && image_comparison_facts(:plotly, only=[1,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,20,22,23,27], tol=img_tol)
-# end
-
-# @testset "PlotlyJS" begin
-#     @test plotlyjs() == Plots.PlotlyJSBackend()
-#     @test backend() == Plots.PlotlyJSBackend()
-#
-#     # as long as we can plot anything without error, it should be the same as Plotly
-#     image_comparison_facts(:plotlyjs, only=[1], tol=img_tol)
-# end
-
-
-
-
@testset "Axes" begin
    p = plot()
    axis = p.subplots[1][:xaxis]
@@ -113,46 +129,52 @@ end
 end

@testset "NoFail" begin
-    histogram([1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])
+    plots = [histogram([1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]),
+             plot([missing]),
+             plot([missing; 1:4]),
+             plot([fill(missing,10); 1:4]),
+             plot([1 1; 1 missing]),
+             plot(["a" "b"; missing "d"], [1 2; 3 4])]
+    for plt in plots
+        display(plt)
+    end
+    @test_nowarn plot(x->x^2,0,2)
 end

-# tests for preprocessing recipes
+@testset "EmptyAnim" begin
+    anim = @animate for i in []
+    end

-# @testset "recipes" begin
+    @test_throws ArgumentError gif(anim)
+end

-    # user recipe
+@testset "Segments" begin
+    function segments(args...)
+        segs = UnitRange{Int}[]
+        for seg in iter_segments(args...)
+            push!(segs,seg)
+        end
+        segs
+    end

-    # type T end
-    # @recipe function f(::T)
-    #     line := (3,0.3,:red)
-    #     marker := (20,0.5,:blue,:o)
-    #     bg := :yellow
-    #     rand(10)
-    # end
-    # plot(T())
+    nan10 = fill(NaN,10)
+    @test segments(11:20) == [1:10]
+    @test segments([NaN]) == []
+    @test segments(nan10) == []
+    @test segments([nan10; 1:5]) == [11:15]
+    @test segments([1:5;nan10]) == [1:5]
+    @test segments([nan10; 1:5; nan10; 1:5; nan10]) == [11:15, 26:30]
+    @test segments([NaN; 1], 1:10) == [2:2, 4:4, 6:6, 8:8, 10:10]
+    @test segments([nan10; 1:15], [1:15; nan10]) == [11:15]
+end

-    # plot recipe
-
-    # @recipe function f(::Type{Val{:hiplt}},plt::Plot)
-    #     line := (3,0.3,:red)
-    #     marker := (20,0.5,:blue,:o)
-    #     t := :path
-    #     bg:=:green
-    #     ()
-    # end
-    # plot(rand(10),t=:hiplt)
-
-    # series recipe
-
-    # @recipe function f(::Type{Val{:hi}},x,y,z)
-    #     line := (3,0.3,:red)
-    #     marker := (20,0.5,:blue,:o)
-    #     t := :path
-    #     ()
-    # end
-    # plot(rand(10),t=:hiplt)
-
-# end
-
-
-end # module
+@testset "Utils" begin
+    zipped = ([(1,2)], [("a","b")], [(1,"a"),(2,"b")],
+              [(1,2),(3,4)], [(1,2,3),(3,4,5)], [(1,2,3,4),(3,4,5,6)],
+              [(1,2.0),(missing,missing)], [(1,missing),(missing,"a")],
+              [(missing,missing)], [(missing,missing,missing),("a","b","c")])
+    for z in zipped
+        @test isequal(collect(zip(Plots.unzip(z)...)), z)
+        @test isequal(collect(zip(Plots.unzip(GeometryTypes.Point.(z))...)), z)
+    end
+end
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-import SnoopCompile
-
-### Log the compiles
-# This only needs to be run once (to generate "/tmp/plots_compiles.csv")
-
-# SnoopCompile.@snoop "/tmp/plots_compiles.csv" begin
-#     include(joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__), "runtests.jl"))
-# end
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------------
-
-### Parse the compiles and generate precompilation scripts
-# This can be run repeatedly to tweak the scripts
-
-# IMPORTANT: we must have the module(s) defined for the parcelation
-# step, otherwise we will get no precompiles for the Plots module
-using Plots
-
-data = SnoopCompile.read("/tmp/plots_compiles.csv")
-
-# The Plots tests are run inside a module PlotsTest, so all
-# the precompiles get credited to PlotsTest. Credit them to Plots instead.
-subst = Dict("PlotsTests"=>"Plots")
-
-# Blacklist helps fix problems:
-# - MIME uses type-parameters with symbols like :image/png, which is
-#   not parseable
-blacklist = ["MIME"]
-
-# Use these two lines if you want to create precompile functions for
-# individual packages
-pc, discards = SnoopCompile.parcel(data[end:-1:1,2], subst=subst, blacklist=blacklist)
-SnoopCompile.write("/tmp/precompile", pc)
-
-pdir = joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__), "..")
-run(`cp /tmp/precompile/precompile_Plots.jl $pdir/src/precompile.jl`)
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+using Plots, HDF5
+
+
+@testset "HDF5_Plots" begin
+	fname = "tmpplotsave.hdf5"
+	hdf5()
+
+	x = 1:10
+	psrc=plot(x, x.*x); #Create some plot
+	Plots.hdf5plot_write(psrc, fname)
+
+	#Read back file:
+	gr() #Choose some fast backend likely to work in test environment.
+	pread = Plots.hdf5plot_read(fname)
+
+	#Make sure data made it through:
+	@test psrc.subplots[1].series_list[1][:x] == pread.subplots[1].series_list[1][:x]
+	@test psrc.subplots[1].series_list[1][:y] == pread.subplots[1].series_list[1][:y]
+
+	#display(pread) #Don't display. Regression env might not support
+end #testset
@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+using Plots, Test
+pgfplotsx()
+
+function create_plot(args...; kwargs...)
+   pgfx_plot = plot(args...; kwargs...)
+   return pgfx_plot, repr("application/x-tex", pgfx_plot)
+end
+
+function create_plot!(args...; kwargs...)
+   pgfx_plot = plot!(args...; kwargs...)
+   return pgfx_plot, repr("application/x-tex", pgfx_plot)
+end
+
+@testset "PGFPlotsX" begin
+   pgfx_plot = plot(1:5)
+   Plots._update_plot_object(pgfx_plot)
+   @test pgfx_plot.o.the_plot isa PGFPlotsX.TikzDocument
+   @test pgfx_plot.series_list[1].plotattributes[:quiver] === nothing
+   axis = Plots.pgfx_axes(pgfx_plot.o)[1]
+   @test count(x -> x isa PGFPlotsX.Plot, axis.contents) == 1
+   @test !haskey(axis.contents[1].options.dict, "fill")
+
+   @testset "Legends" begin
+      legends_plot =  plot( rand(5,2), lab = ["1" ""] )
+      scatter!(legends_plot, rand(5) )
+      Plots._update_plot_object(legends_plot)
+      axis_contents = Plots.pgfx_axes(legends_plot.o)[1].contents
+      leg_entries = filter( x -> x isa PGFPlotsX.LegendEntry, axis_contents )
+      series = filter( x -> x isa PGFPlotsX.Plot, axis_contents )
+      @test length(leg_entries) == 2
+      @test !haskey(series[1].options.dict, "forget plot")
+      @test haskey(series[2].options.dict, "forget plot")
+      @test !haskey(series[3].options.dict, "forget plot")
+   end # testset
+
+   @testset "3D docs example" begin
+      n = 100
+      ts = range(0, stop = 8π, length = n)
+      x = ts .* map(cos, ts)
+      y = (0.1ts) .* map(sin, ts)
+      z = 1:n
+      pl = plot(
+         x,
+         y,
+         z,
+         zcolor = reverse(z),
+         m = (10, 0.8, :blues, Plots.stroke(0)),
+         leg = false,
+         cbar = true,
+         w = 5,
+      )
+      pgfx_plot = plot!(pl, zeros(n), zeros(n), 1:n, w = 10)
+      Plots._update_plot_object(pgfx_plot)
+      if @test_nowarn(
+         haskey(Plots.pgfx_axes(pgfx_plot.o)[1].options.dict, "colorbar") == true
+      )
+         @test Plots.pgfx_axes(pgfx_plot.o)[1]["colorbar"] === nothing
+      end
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Color docs example" begin
+      y = rand(100)
+      plot(
+         0:10:100,
+         rand(11, 4),
+         lab = "lines",
+         w = 3,
+         palette = :grays,
+         fill = 0,
+         α = 0.6,
+      )
+      pl = scatter!(
+         y,
+         zcolor = abs.(y .- 0.5),
+         m = (:heat, 0.8, Plots.stroke(1, :green)),
+         ms = 10 * abs.(y .- 0.5) .+ 4,
+         lab = ["grad", "", "ient"],
+      )
+      Plots._update_plot_object(pl)
+      axis = Plots.pgfx_axes(pl.o)[1]
+      @test count(x -> x isa PGFPlotsX.LegendEntry, axis.contents) == 6
+      @test count(x -> x isa PGFPlotsX.Plot, axis.contents) == 108 # each marker is its own plot, fillranges create 2 plot-objects
+      marker = axis.contents[15]
+      @test marker isa PGFPlotsX.Plot
+      @test marker.options["mark"] == "*"
+      @test marker.options["mark options"]["color"] ==
+            RGBA{Float64}(colorant"green", 0.8)
+      @test marker.options["mark options"]["line width"] == 1
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Plot in pieces" begin
+      pic = plot(rand(100) / 3, reg = true, fill = (0, :green))
+      scatter!(pic, rand(100), markersize = 6, c = :orange)
+      Plots._update_plot_object(pic)
+      axis_contents = Plots.pgfx_axes(pic.o)[1].contents
+      leg_entries = filter( x -> x isa PGFPlotsX.LegendEntry, axis_contents )
+      series = filter( x -> x isa PGFPlotsX.Plot, axis_contents )
+      @test length(leg_entries) == 2
+      @test length(series) == 4
+      @test haskey(series[1].options.dict, "forget plot")
+      @test !haskey(series[2].options.dict, "forget plot")
+      @test haskey(series[3].options.dict, "forget plot")
+      @test !haskey(series[4].options.dict, "forget plot")
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Marker types" begin
+      markers = filter((m -> begin
+         m in Plots.supported_markers()
+      end), Plots._shape_keys)
+      markers = reshape(markers, 1, length(markers))
+      n = length(markers)
+      x = (range(0, stop = 10, length = n + 2))[2:(end - 1)]
+      y = repeat(reshape(reverse(x), 1, :), n, 1)
+      scatter(
+         x,
+         y,
+         m = (8, :auto),
+         lab = map(string, markers),
+         bg = :linen,
+         xlim = (0, 10),
+         ylim = (0, 10),
+      )
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Layout" begin
+      plot(
+         Plots.fakedata(100, 10),
+         layout = 4,
+         palette = [:grays :blues :heat :lightrainbow],
+         bg_inside = [:orange :pink :darkblue :black],
+      )
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Polar plots" begin
+      Θ = range(0, stop = 1.5π, length = 100)
+      r = abs.(0.1 * randn(100) + sin.(3Θ))
+      plot(Θ, r, proj = :polar, m = 2)
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Drawing shapes" begin
+      verts = [
+         (-1.0, 1.0),
+         (-1.28, 0.6),
+         (-0.2, -1.4),
+         (0.2, -1.4),
+         (1.28, 0.6),
+         (1.0, 1.0),
+         (-1.0, 1.0),
+         (-0.2, -0.6),
+         (0.0, -0.2),
+         (-0.4, 0.6),
+         (1.28, 0.6),
+         (0.2, -1.4),
+         (-0.2, -1.4),
+         (0.6, 0.2),
+         (-0.2, 0.2),
+         (0.0, -0.2),
+         (0.2, 0.2),
+         (-0.2, -0.6),
+      ]
+      x = 0.1:0.2:0.9
+      y = 0.7 * rand(5) .+ 0.15
+      plot(
+         x,
+         y,
+         line = (3, :dash, :lightblue),
+         marker = (Shape(verts), 30, RGBA(0, 0, 0, 0.2)),
+         bg = :pink,
+         fg = :darkblue,
+         xlim = (0, 1),
+         ylim = (0, 1),
+         leg = false,
+      )
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Histogram 2D" begin
+      histogram2d(randn(10000), randn(10000), nbins = 20)
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Heatmap-like" begin
+      xs = [string("x", i) for i = 1:10]
+      ys = [string("y", i) for i = 1:4]
+      z = float((1:4) * reshape(1:10, 1, :))
+      pgfx_plot = heatmap(xs, ys, z, aspect_ratio = 1)
+      Plots._update_plot_object(pgfx_plot)
+      if @test_nowarn(
+         haskey(Plots.pgfx_axes(pgfx_plot.o)[1].options.dict, "colorbar") == true
+      )
+         @test Plots.pgfx_axes(pgfx_plot.o)[1]["colorbar"] === nothing
+         @test Plots.pgfx_axes(pgfx_plot.o)[1]["colormap name"] == "plots1"
+      end
+
+      pgfx_plot = wireframe(xs, ys, z, aspect_ratio = 1)
+      # TODO: clims are wrong
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Contours" begin
+      x = 1:0.5:20
+      y = 1:0.5:10
+      f(x, y) = begin
+         (3x + y^2) * abs(sin(x) + cos(y))
+      end
+      X = repeat(reshape(x, 1, :), length(y), 1)
+      Y = repeat(y, 1, length(x))
+      Z = map(f, X, Y)
+      p2 = contour(x, y, Z)
+      p1 = contour(x, y, f, fill = true)
+      plot(p1, p2)
+      # TODO: colorbar for filled contours
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Varying colors" begin
+      t = range(0, stop = 1, length = 100)
+      θ = (6π) .* t
+      x = t .* cos.(θ)
+      y = t .* sin.(θ)
+      p1 = plot(x, y, line_z = t, linewidth = 3, legend = false)
+      p2 = scatter(
+         x,
+         y,
+         marker_z = ((x, y) -> begin
+            x + y
+         end),
+         color = :bluesreds,
+         legend = false,
+      )
+      plot(p1, p2)
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Framestyles" begin
+      scatter(
+         fill(randn(10), 6),
+         fill(randn(10), 6),
+         framestyle = [:box :semi :origin :zerolines :grid :none],
+         title = [":box" ":semi" ":origin" ":zerolines" ":grid" ":none"],
+         color = permutedims(1:6),
+         layout = 6,
+         label = "",
+         markerstrokewidth = 0,
+         ticks = -2:2,
+      )
+      # TODO: support :semi
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Quiver" begin
+      x = (-2pi):0.2:(2 * pi)
+      y = sin.(x)
+
+      u = ones(length(x))
+      v = cos.(x)
+      arrow_plot = plot(x, y, quiver = (u, v), arrow = true)
+      # TODO: could adjust limits to fit arrows if too long, but how?
+      # TODO: get latex available on CI
+      # mktempdir() do path
+      #    @test_nowarn savefig(arrow_plot, path*"arrow.pdf")
+      # end
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Annotations" begin
+      y = rand(10)
+      plot(
+         y,
+         annotations = (3, y[3], Plots.text("this is \\#3", :left)),
+         leg = false,
+      )
+      annotate!([
+         (5, y[5], Plots.text("this is \\#5", 16, :red, :center)),
+         (10, y[10], Plots.text("this is \\#10", :right, 20, "courier")),
+      ])
+      annotation_plot = scatter!(
+         range(2, stop = 8, length = 6),
+         rand(6),
+         marker = (50, 0.2, :orange),
+         series_annotations = [
+            "series",
+            "annotations",
+            "map",
+            "to",
+            "series",
+            Plots.text("data", :green),
+         ],
+      )
+      # mktempdir() do path
+      #    @test_nowarn savefig(annotation_plot, path*"annotation.pdf")
+      # end
+   end # testset
+   @testset "Ribbon" begin
+      aa = rand(10)
+      bb = rand(10)
+      cc = rand(10)
+      conf = [aa - cc bb - cc]
+      ribbon_plot =
+         plot(collect(1:10), fill(1, 10), ribbon = (conf[:, 1], conf[:, 2]))
+      Plots._update_plot_object(ribbon_plot)
+      axis = Plots.pgfx_axes(ribbon_plot.o)[1]
+      plots = filter(x -> x isa PGFPlotsX.Plot, axis.contents)
+      @test length(plots) == 4
+      @test !haskey(plots[1].options.dict, "fill")
+      @test !haskey(plots[2].options.dict, "fill")
+      @test !haskey(plots[3].options.dict, "fill")
+      @test haskey(plots[4].options.dict, "fill")
+      @test ribbon_plot.o !== nothing
+      @test ribbon_plot.o.the_plot !== nothing
+      #    mktempdir() do path
+      #       @test_nowarn savefig(ribbon_plot, path*"ribbon.svg")
+      #    end
+   end # testset
+end # testset