Update gr.jl

Merge pull request #1593 from fredrikekre/fe/0.72
small additional fixes for 0.7
2018-08-01 13:06:55 +02:00 · 2018-07-05 08:14:48 +02:00 · 2018-07-05 00:19:21 +02:00
56 changed files with 7279 additions and 3127 deletions
@@ -5,5 +5,3 @@
 examples/.ipynb_checkpoints/*
 examples/meetup/.ipynb_checkpoints/*
 deps/plotly-latest.min.js
-deps/build.log
-deps/deps.jl
@@ -4,11 +4,10 @@ os:
  - linux
  # - osx
 julia:
-  # - 1.0
-  - nightly
-# matrix:
-#   allow_failures:
-#     - julia: nightly
+  - 0.7
+matrix:
+  allow_failures:
+    - julia: nightly

 # # before install:
 # #   - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "osx" ]]; then brew update          ; fi
@@ -43,10 +42,10 @@ before_install:
 notifications:
  email: true
 # uncomment the following lines to override the default test script
-# script:
- # - if [[ -a .git/shallow ]]; then git fetch --unshallow; fi
- # - julia -e 'import Pkg; Pkg.add(Pkg.PackageSpec(path=pwd())); Pkg.build("Plots")'
- # - julia test/travis_commands.jl
+script:
+ - if [[ -a .git/shallow ]]; then git fetch --unshallow; fi
+ - julia -e 'using Pkg; Pkg.add(pwd()); Pkg.build("Plots")'
+ - julia test/travis_commands.jl
 # - julia -e 'Pkg.clone("ImageMagick"); Pkg.build("ImageMagick")'
 # - julia -e 'Pkg.clone("GR"); Pkg.build("GR")'
 # # - julia -e 'Pkg.clone("https://github.com/tbreloff/ImageMagick.jl.git"); Pkg.checkout("ImageMagick","tb_write"); Pkg.build("ImageMagick")'
@@ -10,80 +10,7 @@

 ---
 ## (current master)
-
-## 0.22.1
- push PlotsDisplay just after REPLDisplay
-
-## 0.22.0
- deprecate GLVisualize
- allow 1-row and 1-column heatmaps
- add portfoliodecomposition recipe from PlotRecipes
- solve Shape bug
- simplify PyPlot backend installation
- fix wireframe bug in PyPlot
- fix color bug in PyPlot
- minor bug fixes in gr and pyplot
-
-## 0.21.0
- Compatibility with StaticArrays 0.9.0
- Up GR min version to 0.35
- fix :mirror
-
-## 0.20.6
- fixes for PlotDocs.jl
- fix gr axis color argument
- Shapes for inspectdr
- don't load plotly js file by default
-
-## 0.20.5
- fix precompilation issue when depending on Plots
-
-## 0.20.4
- honour `html_output_format` in Juno
-
-## 0.20.3
- implement guide position in gr, pyplot and pgfplots
- inspectdr fixes
- default appveyor
- rudimentary missings support
- deprecation fixes for PGFPlots
-
-## 0.20.0
-Many updates, min julia 1.0
- change display type to use PlotsDisplay (fixes Juno integration)
- change all internal uses of `d` to `plotattributes` (no user change)
- change spy implementation to use `scatter` not `heatmap`
- sort x axes when passing a vector of strings as x
- improve performance of marker_z
- update CI to 1.0
- minor depwarn ifixes
- only draw one colorbar with GR
- add colorbar_title to GR and pgfplots
- fix savefig with latexstrings for PyPlot
- fix NamedTuple integration
- don't export `P2` and `P3`
- make it possible to use 2-argument function as argument to marker_z
- make `plotattr` work again
-
-## 0.19.3
- fix some julia 0.7 deprecations
- fix 32-bit OS functionality
-
-## 0.19.2
- several small fixes for 1.0 compatibility
-
-## 0.19.1
- don't broadcast plot_color
-
-## 0.19.0
- Refactor conditional loading to use Requires
- Many fixes for 1.0 compatibility
-
-## 0.18.0
- update minor version to 0.7
-
-## 0.17.4
- fix thickness_scaling for pyplot
+- All new development should target Julia 0.7!

 ## 0.17.3
 - Log-scale heatmap edge computation
@@ -182,7 +109,7 @@ Many updates, min julia 1.0
 - add `reset_defaults()` function to reset plot defaults
 - update syntax to 0.6
 - make `fill = true` fill to 0 rather than to 1
- use new `@df` syntax in StatsPlots examples
+- use new `@df` syntax in StatPlots examples
 - allow changing the color of legend box
 - implement `title_location` for gr
 - add `hline` marker to pgfplots - fixes errorbars
@@ -334,7 +261,7 @@ Many updates, min julia 1.0
 - added dependency on PlotThemes
 - set_theme --> theme
 - remove Compat from REQUIRE
- warning for DataFrames without StatsPlots
+- warning for DataFrames without StatPlots
 - closeall exported and implemented for gr/pyplot
 - fix DateTime recipe
 - reset theme with theme(:none)
@@ -456,8 +383,8 @@ Many updates, min julia 1.0
 #### 0.8.0

 - added dependency on PlotUtils
- BREAKING: removed DataFrames support (now in StatsPlots.jl)
- BREAKING: removed boxplot/violin/density recipes (now in StatsPlots.jl)
+- BREAKING: removed DataFrames support (now in StatPlots.jl)
+- BREAKING: removed boxplot/violin/density recipes (now in StatPlots.jl)
 - GR:
    - inline iterm2 support
    - trisurface support
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/JuliaPlots/Plots.jl.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/JuliaPlots/Plots.jl)
 [![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/github/juliaplots/plots.jl?branch=master&svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/mkborregaard/plots-jl)
 [![Join the chat at https://gitter.im/tbreloff/Plots.jl](https://badges.gitter.im/tbreloff/Plots.jl.svg)](https://gitter.im/tbreloff/Plots.jl?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
-<a href="http://docs.juliaplots.org/latest/" target="_blank"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-latest-blue.svg" alt="Latest documentation"></a>
 <!-- [![Plots](http://pkg.julialang.org/badges/Plots_0.3.svg)](http://pkg.julialang.org/?pkg=Plots&ver=0.3) -->
 <!-- [![Plots](http://pkg.julialang.org/badges/Plots_0.4.svg)](http://pkg.julialang.org/?pkg=Plots&ver=0.4) -->
 <!-- [![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/tbreloff/Plots.jl/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://coveralls.io/r/tbreloff/Plots.jl?branch=master) -->
@@ -22,3 +21,5 @@ Plots is a plotting API and toolset.  My goals with the package are:
 - **Consistent**.  Don't commit to one graphics package, use the same code everywhere.
 - **Lightweight**.  Very few dependencies.
 - **Smart**. Attempts to figure out what you **want** it to do... not just what you **tell** it.
+
+View the [full documentation](http://docs.juliaplots.org/latest).
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-julia 1.0
+julia 0.7-alpha

-RecipesBase 0.6.0
+RecipesBase 0.2.3
 PlotUtils 0.4.1
 PlotThemes 0.1.3
 Reexport
@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ JSON
 NaNMath
 Requires
 Contour
-GR 0.38.1
+GR 0.31.0
@@ -1,23 +1,15 @@
 environment:
  matrix:
-  # - julia_version: 0.7
-  - julia_version: 1
-  - julia_version: nightly
+  - JULIA_URL: "https://julialang-s3.julialang.org/bin/winnt/x86/0.6/julia-0.6-latest-win32.exe"
+  - JULIA_URL: "https://julialang-s3.julialang.org/bin/winnt/x64/0.6/julia-0.6-latest-win64.exe"
+  - JULIA_URL: "https://julialangnightlies-s3.julialang.org/bin/winnt/x86/julia-latest-win32.exe"
+  - JULIA_URL: "https://julialangnightlies-s3.julialang.org/bin/winnt/x64/julia-latest-win64.exe"

-platform:
-  - x86 # 32-bit
-  - x64 # 64-bit
-
-# # Uncomment the following lines to allow failures on nightly julia
-# # (tests will run but not make your overall status red)
 matrix:
  allow_failures:
-  - julia_version: nightly
-
-branches:
-  only:
-    - master
-    - /release-.*/
+  - JULIA_URL: "https://julialang-s3.julialang.org/bin/winnt/x86/0.6/julia-0.6-latest-win32.exe" #check and address
+  - JULIA_URL: "https://julialangnightlies-s3.julialang.org/bin/winnt/x86/julia-latest-win32.exe"
+  - JULIA_URL: "https://julialangnightlies-s3.julialang.org/bin/winnt/x64/julia-latest-win64.exe"

 notifications:
  - provider: Email
@@ -26,18 +18,22 @@ notifications:
    on_build_status_changed: false

 install:
-  - ps: iex ((new-object net.webclient).DownloadString("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/JuliaCI/Appveyor.jl/version-1/bin/install.ps1"))
+  - ps: "[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12"
+# If there's a newer build queued for the same PR, cancel this one
+  - ps: if ($env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER -and $env:APPVEYOR_BUILD_NUMBER -ne ((Invoke-RestMethod `
+        https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/$env:APPVEYOR_ACCOUNT_NAME/$env:APPVEYOR_PROJECT_SLUG/history?recordsNumber=50).builds | `
+        Where-Object pullRequestId -eq $env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER)[0].buildNumber) { `
+        throw "There are newer queued builds for this pull request, failing early." }
+# Download most recent Julia Windows binary
+  - ps: (new-object net.webclient).DownloadFile($env:JULIA_URL, "C:\projects\julia-binary.exe")
+# Run installer silently, output to C:\projects\julia
+  - C:\projects\julia-binary.exe /S /D=C:\projects\julia

 build_script:
-  - echo "%JL_BUILD_SCRIPT%"
-  - C:\julia\bin\julia -e "%JL_BUILD_SCRIPT%"
+# Need to convert from shallow to complete for Pkg.clone to work
+  - IF EXIST .git\shallow (git fetch --unshallow)
+  - C:\projects\julia\bin\julia -e "versioninfo(); Pkg.clone(pwd(), \"Plots\"); Pkg.build(\"Plots\")"

 test_script:
-  - echo "%JL_TEST_SCRIPT%"
-  - C:\julia\bin\julia -e "%JL_TEST_SCRIPT%"
-
-# # Uncomment to support code coverage upload. Should only be enabled for packages
-# # which would have coverage gaps without running on Windows
-# on_success:
-#   - echo "%JL_CODECOV_SCRIPT%"
-#   - C:\julia\bin\julia -e "%JL_CODECOV_SCRIPT%"
+  # - C:\projects\julia\bin\julia -e "Pkg.test(\"Plots\")"
+  - C:\projects\julia\bin\julia -e "include(Pkg.dir(\"Plots\", \"test\", \"travis_commands.jl\"))"
@@ -1,18 +1,8 @@

 #TODO: download https://cdn.plot.ly/plotly-latest.min.js to deps/ if it doesn't exist
-file_path = ""
-if get(ENV, "PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL", "false") == "true"
-    global file_path
-    local_fn = joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__), "plotly-latest.min.js")
-    if !isfile(local_fn)
-        @info("Cannot find deps/plotly-latest.min.js... downloading latest version.")
-        download("https://cdn.plot.ly/plotly-latest.min.js", local_fn)
-        isfile(local_fn) && (file_path = local_fn)
-    else
-        file_path = local_fn
-    end
-end

-open("deps.jl", "w") do io
-    println(io, "const plotly_local_file_path = $(repr(file_path))")
+local_fn = joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__), "plotly-latest.min.js")
+if !isfile(local_fn)
+	@info("Cannot find deps/plotly-latest.min.js... downloading latest version.")
+	download("https://cdn.plot.ly/plotly-latest.min.js", local_fn)
 end
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-module Plots
+__precompile__(true)

-_current_plots_version = v"0.20.6"
+module Plots

 using Reexport

 import StaticArrays
-using Dates, Printf, Statistics, Base64, LinearAlgebra, Random
-import SparseArrays: findnz
+using StaticArrays.FixedSizeArrays
+using Dates, Printf, Statistics, Base64, LinearAlgebra

@reexport using RecipesBase
 import RecipesBase: plot, plot!, animate
@@ -19,17 +19,6 @@ import JSON

 using Requires

-if isfile(joinpath(@__DIR__, "..", "deps", "deps.jl"))
-    include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "..", "deps", "deps.jl"))
-else
-    # This is a bit dirty, but I don't really see why anyone should be forced
-    # to build Plots, while it will just include exactly the below line
-    # as long as `ENV["PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL"] = "true"` is not set.
-    # If the above env is set + `plotly_local_file_path == ""``,
-    # it will warn in the __init__ function to run build
-    const plotly_local_file_path = ""
-end
-
 export
    grid,
    bbox,
@@ -84,6 +73,7 @@ export
    backends,
    backend_name,
    backend_object,
+    add_backend,
    aliases,

    Shape,
@@ -115,6 +105,8 @@ export
    rotate,
    rotate!,
    center,
+    P2,
+    P3,
    BezierCurve,

    plotattr
@@ -127,7 +119,7 @@ ignorenan_minimum(x) = Base.minimum(x)
 ignorenan_maximum(x::AbstractArray{F}) where {F<:AbstractFloat} = NaNMath.maximum(x)
 ignorenan_maximum(x) = Base.maximum(x)
 ignorenan_mean(x::AbstractArray{F}) where {F<:AbstractFloat} = NaNMath.mean(x)
-ignorenan_mean(x) = Statistics.mean(x)
+ignorenan_mean(x) = Base.mean(x)
 ignorenan_extrema(x::AbstractArray{F}) where {F<:AbstractFloat} = NaNMath.extrema(x)
 ignorenan_extrema(x) = Base.extrema(x)

@@ -179,15 +171,98 @@ include("arg_desc.jl")
 include("plotattr.jl")
 include("backends.jl")
 include("output.jl")
-include("ijulia.jl")
-include("fileio.jl")
-include("init.jl")

-include("backends/plotly.jl")
-include("backends/gr.jl")
-include("backends/web.jl")
+# ---------------------------------------------------------

-include("shorthands.jl") 
+@shorthands scatter
+@shorthands bar
+@shorthands barh
+@shorthands histogram
+@shorthands barhist
+@shorthands stephist
+@shorthands scatterhist
+@shorthands histogram2d
+@shorthands density
+@shorthands heatmap
+@shorthands plots_heatmap
+@shorthands hexbin
+@shorthands sticks
+@shorthands hline
+@shorthands vline
+@shorthands hspan
+@shorthands vspan
+@shorthands ohlc
+@shorthands contour
+@shorthands contourf
+@shorthands contour3d
+@shorthands surface
+@shorthands wireframe
+@shorthands path3d
+@shorthands scatter3d
+@shorthands boxplot
+@shorthands violin
+@shorthands quiver
+@shorthands curves
+
+"Plot a pie diagram"
+pie(args...; kw...)        = plot(args...; kw...,  seriestype = :pie, aspect_ratio = :equal, grid=false, xticks=nothing, yticks=nothing)
+pie!(args...; kw...)       = plot!(args...; kw..., seriestype = :pie, aspect_ratio = :equal, grid=false, xticks=nothing, yticks=nothing)
+
+"Plot with seriestype :path3d"
+plot3d(args...; kw...)     = plot(args...; kw...,  seriestype = :path3d)
+plot3d!(args...; kw...)    = plot!(args...; kw..., seriestype = :path3d)
+
+"Add title to an existing plot"
+title!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                 = plot!(; title = s, kw...)
+
+"Add xlabel to an existing plot"
+xlabel!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                = plot!(; xlabel = s, kw...)
+
+"Add ylabel to an existing plot"
+ylabel!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                = plot!(; ylabel = s, kw...)
+
+"Set xlims for an existing plot"
+xlims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; xlims = lims, kw...)
+
+"Set ylims for an existing plot"
+ylims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; ylims = lims, kw...)
+
+"Set zlims for an existing plot"
+zlims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; zlims = lims, kw...)
+
+xlims!(xmin::Real, xmax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; xlims = (xmin,xmax), kw...)
+ylims!(ymin::Real, ymax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; ylims = (ymin,ymax), kw...)
+zlims!(zmin::Real, zmax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; zlims = (zmin,zmax), kw...)
+
+
+"Set xticks for an existing plot"
+xticks!(v::AVec{T}; kw...) where {T<:Real}                       = plot!(; xticks = v, kw...)
+
+"Set yticks for an existing plot"
+yticks!(v::AVec{T}; kw...) where {T<:Real}                       = plot!(; yticks = v, kw...)
+
+xticks!(
+ticks::AVec{T}, labels::AVec{S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:AbstractString}     = plot!(; xticks = (ticks,labels), kw...)
+yticks!(
+ticks::AVec{T}, labels::AVec{S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:AbstractString}     = plot!(; yticks = (ticks,labels), kw...)
+
+"Add annotations to an existing plot"
+annotate!(anns...; kw...)                                 = plot!(; annotation = anns, kw...)
+annotate!(anns::AVec{T}; kw...) where {T<:Tuple}                 = plot!(; annotation = anns, kw...)
+
+"Flip the current plots' x axis"
+xflip!(flip::Bool = true; kw...)                          = plot!(; xflip = flip, kw...)
+
+"Flip the current plots' y axis"
+yflip!(flip::Bool = true; kw...)                          = plot!(; yflip = flip, kw...)
+
+"Specify x axis attributes for an existing plot"
+xaxis!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; xaxis = args, kw...)
+
+"Specify x axis attributes for an existing plot"
+yaxis!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; yaxis = args, kw...)
+xgrid!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; xgrid = args, kw...)
+ygrid!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; ygrid = args, kw...)

 let PlotOrSubplot = Union{Plot, Subplot}
    global title!(plt::PlotOrSubplot, s::AbstractString; kw...)                  = plot!(plt; title = s, kw...)
@@ -199,8 +274,8 @@ let PlotOrSubplot = Union{Plot, Subplot}
    global xlims!(plt::PlotOrSubplot, xmin::Real, xmax::Real; kw...)             = plot!(plt; xlims = (xmin,xmax), kw...)
    global ylims!(plt::PlotOrSubplot, ymin::Real, ymax::Real; kw...)             = plot!(plt; ylims = (ymin,ymax), kw...)
    global zlims!(plt::PlotOrSubplot, zmin::Real, zmax::Real; kw...)             = plot!(plt; zlims = (zmin,zmax), kw...)
-    global xticks!(plt::PlotOrSubplot, ticks::TicksArgs; kw...) where {T<:Real}           = plot!(plt; xticks = ticks, kw...)
-    global yticks!(plt::PlotOrSubplot, ticks::TicksArgs; kw...) where {T<:Real}           = plot!(plt; yticks = ticks, kw...)
+    global xticks!(plt::PlotOrSubplot, ticks::AVec{T}; kw...) where {T<:Real}           = plot!(plt; xticks = ticks, kw...)
+    global yticks!(plt::PlotOrSubplot, ticks::AVec{T}; kw...) where {T<:Real}           = plot!(plt; yticks = ticks, kw...)
    global xticks!(plt::PlotOrSubplot,
   ticks::AVec{T}, labels::AVec{S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:AbstractString}     = plot!(plt; xticks = (ticks,labels), kw...)
    global yticks!(plt::PlotOrSubplot,
@@ -220,4 +295,18 @@ end

 const CURRENT_BACKEND = CurrentBackend(:none)

+# for compatibility with Requires.jl:
+@init begin
+    if isdefined(Main, :PLOTS_DEFAULTS)
+        if haskey(Main.PLOTS_DEFAULTS, :theme)
+            theme(Main.PLOTS_DEFAULTS[:theme])
+        end
+        for (k,v) in Main.PLOTS_DEFAULTS
+            k == :theme || default(k, v)
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------
+
 end # module
@@ -87,19 +87,19 @@ function buildanimation(animdir::AbstractString, fn::AbstractString,
        run(`ffmpeg -v 0 -framerate $fps -loop $loop -i $(animdir)/%06d.png -pix_fmt yuv420p -y $fn`)
    end

-    show_msg && @info("Saved animation to ", fn)
+    show_msg && info("Saved animation to ", fn)
    AnimatedGif(fn)
 end



-# write out html to view the gif
+# write out html to view the gif... note the rand call which is a hack so the image doesn't get cached
 function Base.show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", agif::AnimatedGif)
    ext = file_extension(agif.filename)
    write(io, if ext == "gif"
-        "<img src=\"$(relpath(agif.filename))\" />"
+        "<img src=\"$(relpath(agif.filename))?$(rand())>\" />"
    elseif ext in ("mov", "mp4")
-        "<video controls><source src=\"$(relpath(agif.filename)) type=\"video/$ext\"></video>"
+        "<video controls><source src=\"$(relpath(agif.filename))?$(rand())>\" type=\"video/$ext\"></video>"
    else
        error("Cannot show animation with extension $ext: $agif")
    end)
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ function _animate(forloop::Expr, args...; callgif = false)
  end

  push!(block.args, :(if $filterexpr; frame($animsym); end))
-  push!(block.args, :(global $countersym += 1))
+  push!(block.args, :($countersym += 1))

  # add a final call to `gif(anim)`?
  retval = callgif ? :(gif($animsym)) : animsym
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ function _animate(forloop::Expr, args...; callgif = false)
  esc(quote
    $freqassert             # if filtering, check frequency is an Integer > 0
    $animsym = Animation()  # init animation object
-    global $countersym = 1         # init iteration counter
+    $countersym = 1         # init iteration counter
    $forloop                # for loop, saving a frame after each iteration
    $retval                 # return the animation object, or the gif
  end)
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 const _arg_desc = KW(

 # series args
-:label 			=> "String type. The label for a series, which appears in a legend.  If empty, no legend entry is added.",
+:label 				=> "String type. The label for a series, which appears in a legend.  If empty, no legend entry is added.",
 :seriescolor 		=> "Color Type. The base color for this series.  `:auto` (the default) will select a color from the subplot's `color_palette`, based on the order it was added to the subplot",
 :seriesalpha 		=> "Number in [0,1]. The alpha/opacity override for the series.  `nothing` (the default) means it will take the alpha value of the color.",
 :seriestype 		=> "Symbol. This is the identifier of the type of visualization for this series. Choose from $(_allTypes) or any series recipes which are defined.",
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :linewidth         	=> "Number. Width of the line (in pixels)",
 :linecolor         	=> "Color Type. Color of the line (for path and bar stroke).  `:match` will take the value from `:seriescolor`, (though histogram/bar types use `:black` as a default).",
 :linealpha         	=> "Number in [0,1]. The alpha/opacity override for the line.  `nothing` (the default) means it will take the alpha value of linecolor.",
-:fillrange         	=> "Number or AbstractVector.  Fills area between fillrange and y for line-types, sets the base for bar/stick types, and similar for other types.",
+:fillrange         	=> "Number or AbstractVector.  Fills area from this to y for line-types, sets the base for bar/stick types, and similar for other types.",
 :fillcolor         	=> "Color Type. Color of the filled area of path or bar types.  `:match` will take the value from `:seriescolor`.",
 :fillalpha         	=> "Number in [0,1]. The alpha/opacity override for the fill area.  `nothing` (the default) means it will take the alpha value of fillcolor.",
 :markershape       	=> "Symbol, Shape, or AbstractVector. Choose from $(_allMarkers).",
@@ -21,21 +21,21 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :markerstrokewidth 	=> "Number. Width of the marker stroke (border. in pixels)",
 :markerstrokecolor 	=> "Color Type. Color of the marker stroke (border).  `:match` will take the value from `:foreground_color_subplot`.",
 :markerstrokealpha 	=> "Number in [0,1]. The alpha/opacity override for the marker stroke (border).  `nothing` (the default) means it will take the alpha value of markerstrokecolor.",
-:bins              	=> "Integer, NTuple{2,Integer}, AbstractVector or Symbol. Default is :auto (the Freedman-Diaconis rule). For histogram-types, defines the approximate number of bins to aim for, or the auto-binning algorithm to use (:sturges, :sqrt, :rice, :scott or :fd). For fine-grained control pass a Vector of break values, e.g. `range(minimum(x), stop = maximum(x), length = 25)`",
+:bins              	=> "Integer, NTuple{2,Integer}, AbstractVector or Symbol. Default is :auto (the Freedman-Diaconis rule). For histogram-types, defines the approximate number of bins to aim for, or the auto-binning algorithm to use (:sturges, :sqrt, :rice, :scott or :fd). For fine-grained control pass a Vector of break values, e.g. `linspace(extrema(x)..., 25)`",
 :smooth            	=> "Bool.  Add a regression line?",
 :group             	=> "AbstractVector. Data is split into a separate series, one for each unique value in `group`.",
 :x                 	=> "Various. Input data. First Dimension",
 :y                 	=> "Various. Input data. Second Dimension",
 :z                 	=> "Various. Input data. Third Dimension. May be wrapped by a `Surface` for surface and heatmap types.",
-:marker_z          	=> "AbstractVector, Function `f(x,y,z) -> z_value`, or Function `f(x,y) -> z_value`, or nothing. z-values for each series data point, which correspond to the color to be used from a markercolor gradient.",
-:line_z          	=> "AbstractVector, Function `f(x,y,z) -> z_value`, or Function `f(x,y) -> z_value`, or nothing. z-values for each series line segment, which correspond to the color to be used from a linecolor gradient.  Note that for N points, only the first N-1 values are used (one per line-segment).",
-:fill_z                 => "Matrix{Float64} of the same size as z matrix, which specifies the color of the 3D surface; the default value is `nothing`.",
-:levels            	=> "Integer, NTuple{2,Integer}, or AbstractVector. Levels or number of levels (or x-levels/y-levels) for a contour type.",
+:marker_z          	=> "AbstractVector, Function `f(x,y,z) -> z_value`, or nothing. z-values for each series data point, which correspond to the color to be used from a markercolor gradient.",
+:line_z          	=> "AbstractVector, Function `f(x,y,z) -> z_value`, or nothing. z-values for each series line segment, which correspond to the color to be used from a linecolor gradient.  Note that for N points, only the first N-1 values are used (one per line-segment).",
+:fill_z           => "Matrix{Float64} of the same size as z matrix, which specifies the color of the 3D surface; the default value is `nothing`.",
+:levels            	=> "Integer, NTuple{2,Integer}. Number of levels (or x-levels/y-levels) for a contour type.",
 :orientation       	=> "Symbol.  Horizontal or vertical orientation for bar types.  Values `:h`, `:hor`, `:horizontal` correspond to horizontal (sideways, anchored to y-axis), and `:v`, `:vert`, and `:vertical` correspond to vertical (the default).",
 :bar_position      	=> "Symbol.  Choose from `:overlay` (default), `:stack`.  (warning: May not be implemented fully)",
-:bar_width              => "nothing or Number. Width of bars in data coordinates. When nothing, chooses based on x (or y when `orientation = :h`).",
-:bar_edges              => "Bool.  Align bars to edges (true), or centers (the default)?",
-:xerror                 => "AbstractVector or 2-Tuple of Vectors. x (horizontal) error relative to x-value.  If 2-tuple of vectors, the first vector corresponds to the left error (and the second to the right)",
+:bar_width         	=> "nothing or Number. Width of bars in data coordinates. When nothing, chooses based on x (or y when `orientation = :h`).",
+:bar_edges         	=> "Bool.  Align bars to edges (true), or centers (the default)?",
+:xerror            	=> "AbstractVector or 2-Tuple of Vectors. x (horizontal) error relative to x-value.  If 2-tuple of vectors, the first vector corresponds to the left error (and the second to the right)",
 :yerror            	=> "AbstractVector or 2-Tuple of Vectors. y (vertical) error relative to y-value.  If 2-tuple of vectors, the first vector corresponds to the bottom error (and the second to the top)",
 :ribbon            	=> "Number or AbstractVector.  Creates a fillrange around the data points.",
 :quiver            	=> "AbstractVector or 2-Tuple of vectors.  The directional vectors U,V which specify velocity/gradient vectors for a quiver plot.",
@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :normalize         	=> "Bool or Symbol. Histogram normalization mode. Possible values are: false/:none (no normalization, default), true/:pdf (normalize to a discrete Probability Density Function, where the total area of the bins is 1), :probability (bin heights sum to 1) and :density (the area of each bin, rather than the height, is equal to the counts - useful for uneven bin sizes).",
 :weights           	=> "AbstractVector. Used in histogram types for weighted counts.",
 :contours          	=> "Bool. Add contours to the side-grids of 3D plots?  Used in surface/wireframe.",
-:contour_labels         => "Bool. Show labels at the contour lines?",
+:contour_labels     => "Bool. Show labels at the contour lines?",
 :match_dimensions  	=> "Bool. For heatmap types... should the first dimension of a matrix (rows) correspond to the first dimension of the plot (x-axis)?  The default is false, which matches the behavior of Matplotlib, Plotly, and others.  Note: when passing a function for z, the function should still map `(x,y) -> z`.",
 :subplot           	=> "Integer (subplot index) or Subplot object.  The subplot that this series belongs to.",
-:series_annotations     => "AbstractVector of String or PlotText.  These are annotations which are mapped to data points/positions.",
-:primary                => "Bool.  Does this count as a 'real series'?  For example, you could have a path (primary), and a scatter (secondary) as 2 separate series, maybe with different data (see sticks recipe for an example).  The secondary series will get the same color, etc as the primary.",
-:hover 	        	=> "nothing or vector of strings. Text to display when hovering over each data point.",
+:series_annotations => "AbstractVector of String or PlotText.  These are annotations which are mapped to data points/positions.",
+:primary            => "Bool.  Does this count as a 'real series'?  For example, you could have a path (primary), and a scatter (secondary) as 2 separate series, maybe with different data (see sticks recipe for an example).  The secondary series will get the same color, etc as the primary.",
+:hover 				=> "nothing or vector of strings. Text to display when hovering over each data point.",

 # plot args
 :plot_title               => "String. Title for the whole plot (not the subplots) (Note: Not currently implemented)",
@@ -63,12 +63,11 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :link                     => "Symbol.  How/whether to link axis limits between subplots. Values: `:none`, `:x` (x axes are linked by columns), `:y` (y axes are linked by rows), `:both` (x and y are linked), `:all` (every subplot is linked together regardless of layout position).",
 :overwrite_figure         => "Bool.  Should we reuse the same GUI window/figure when plotting (true) or open a new one (false).",
 :html_output_format       => "Symbol.  When writing html output, what is the format?  `:png` and `:svg` are currently supported.",
-:tex_output_standalone    => "Bool. When writing tex output, should the source include a preamble for a standalone document class.",
-:inset_subplots           => "nothing or vector of 2-tuple (parent,bbox).  optionally pass a vector of (parent,bbox) tuples which are the parent layout and the relative bounding box of inset subplots",
-:dpi 			  => "Number.  Dots Per Inch of output figures",
+:inset_subplots 		  => "nothing or vector of 2-tuple (parent,bbox).  optionally pass a vector of (parent,bbox) tuples which are the parent layout and the relative bounding box of inset subplots",
+:dpi 					  => "Number.  Dots Per Inch of output figures",
 :thickness_scaling        => "Number. Scale for the thickness of all line elements like lines, borders, axes, grid lines, ... defaults to 1.",
-:display_type             => "Symbol (`:auto`, `:gui`, or `:inline`).  When supported, `display` will either open a GUI window or plot inline.",
-:extra_kwargs 	          => "KW (Dict{Symbol,Any}).  Pass a map of extra keyword args which may be specific to a backend.",
+:display_type 			  => "Symbol (`:auto`, `:gui`, or `:inline`).  When supported, `display` will either open a GUI window or plot inline.",
+:extra_kwargs 			  => "KW (Dict{Symbol,Any}).  Pass a map of extra keyword args which may be specific to a backend.",
 :fontfamily               => "String or Symbol.  Default font family for title, legend entries, tick labels and guides",

 # subplot args
@@ -99,7 +98,7 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :legendfont               => "Font. Font of legend items.",
 :annotations              => "(x,y,text) tuple(s).  Can be a single tuple or a list of them.  Text can be String or PlotText (created with `text(args...)`)  Add one-off text annotations at the x,y coordinates.",
 :projection               => "Symbol or String.  '3d' or 'polar'",
-:aspect_ratio             => "Symbol (:equal) or Number. Plot area is resized so that 1 y-unit is the same size as `aspect_ratio` x-units.",
+:aspect_ratio             => "Symbol (:equal) or Number. Plot area is resized so that 1 y-unit is the same size as `apect_ratio` x-units.",
 :margin                   => "Measure (multiply by `mm`, `px`, etc). Base for individual margins... not directly used.  Specifies the extra padding around subplots.",
 :left_margin              => "Measure (multiply by `mm`, `px`, etc) or `:match` (matches `:margin`).  Specifies the extra padding to the left of the subplot.",
 :top_margin               => "Measure (multiply by `mm`, `px`, etc) or `:match` (matches `:margin`).  Specifies the extra padding on the top of the subplot.",
@@ -111,14 +110,13 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :camera                   => "NTuple{2, Real}. Sets the view angle (azimuthal, elevation) for 3D plots",

 # axis args
-:guide     		  => "String. Axis guide (label).",
-:guide_position		  => "Symbol. Position of axis guides: :top, :bottom, :left or :right",
-:lims      		  => "NTuple{2,Number} or Symbol. Force axis limits.  Only finite values are used (you can set only the right limit with `xlims = (-Inf, 2)` for example). `:round` widens the limit to the nearest round number ie. [0.1,3.6]=>[0.0,4.0]",
-:ticks     		  => "Vector of numbers (set the tick values), Tuple of (tickvalues, ticklabels), or `:auto`",
-:scale     		  => "Symbol. Scale of the axis: `:none`, `:ln`, `:log2`, `:log10`",
-:rotation  		  => "Number. Degrees rotation of tick labels.",
-:flip      		  => "Bool.  Should we flip (reverse) the axis?",
-:formatter                => "Function, :scientific, :plain or :auto. A method which converts a number to a string for tick labeling.",
+:guide     				  => "String. Axis guide (label).",
+:lims      				  => "NTuple{2,Number} or Symbol. Force axis limits.  Only finite values are used (you can set only the right limit with `xlims = (-Inf, 2)` for example). `:round` widens the limit to the nearest round number ie. [0.1,3.6]=>[0.0,4.0]",
+:ticks     				  => "Vector of numbers (set the tick values), Tuple of (tickvalues, ticklabels), or `:auto`",
+:scale     				  => "Symbol. Scale of the axis: `:none`, `:ln`, `:log2`, `:log10`",
+:rotation  				  => "Number. Degrees rotation of tick labels.",
+:flip      				  => "Bool.  Should we flip (reverse) the axis?",
+:formatter 				  => "Function, :scientific, or :auto. A method which converts a number to a string for tick labeling.",
 :tickfontfamily           => "String or Symbol. Font family of tick labels.",
 :tickfontsize             => "Integer. Font pointsize of tick labels.",
 :tickfonthalign           => "Symbol. Font horizontal alignment of tick labels: :hcenter, :left, :right or :center",
@@ -141,12 +139,6 @@ const _arg_desc = KW(
 :gridalpha                => "Number in [0,1]. The alpha/opacity override for the grid lines.",
 :gridstyle                => "Symbol. Style of the grid lines. Choose from $(_allStyles)",
 :gridlinewidth            => "Number. Width of the grid lines (in pixels)",
-:foreground_color_minor_grid => "Color Type or `:match` (matches `:foreground_color_subplot`). Color of minor grid lines.",
-:minorgrid                => "Bool. Adds minor grid lines and ticks to the plot. Set minorticks to change number of gridlines",
-:minorticks               => "Integer. Intervals to divide the gap between major ticks into",
-:minorgridalpha           => "Number in [0,1]. The alpha/opacity override for the minorgrid lines.",
-:minorgridstyle           => "Symbol. Style of the minor grid lines. Choose from $(_allStyles)",
-:minorgridlinewidth       => "Number. Width of the minor grid lines (in pixels)",
 :tick_direction           => "Symbol.  Direction of the ticks. `:in` or `:out`",
 :showaxis                 => "Bool, Symbol or String.  Show the axis. `true`, `false`, `:show`, `:hide`, `:yes`, `:no`, `:x`, `:y`, `:z`, `:xy`, ..., `:all`, `:off`",
 :widen                    => "Bool. Widen the axis limits by a small factor to avoid cut-off markers and lines at the borders. Defaults to `true`.",
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@

 function Axis(sp::Subplot, letter::Symbol, args...; kw...)
    # init with values from _plot_defaults
-    plotattributes = KW(
+    d = KW(
        :letter => letter,
        # :extrema => (Inf, -Inf),
        :extrema => Extrema(),
@@ -22,14 +22,14 @@ function Axis(sp::Subplot, letter::Symbol, args...; kw...)
    for (k,v) in _axis_defaults
        lk = Symbol(letter, k)
        lv = _axis_defaults_byletter[lk]
-        plotattributes[k] = (lv == :match ? v : lv)
+        d[k] = (lv == :match ? v : lv)
    end

-    # merge!(plotattributes, _axis_defaults)
-    plotattributes[:discrete_values] = []
+    # merge!(d, _axis_defaults)
+    d[:discrete_values] = []

    # update the defaults
-    attr!(Axis([sp], plotattributes), args...; kw...)
+    attr!(Axis([sp], d), args...; kw...)
 end

 function get_axis(sp::Subplot, letter::Symbol)
@@ -41,46 +41,46 @@ function get_axis(sp::Subplot, letter::Symbol)
    end::Axis
 end

-function process_axis_arg!(plotattributes::KW, arg, letter = "")
+function process_axis_arg!(d::KW, arg, letter = "")
    T = typeof(arg)
    arg = get(_scaleAliases, arg, arg)

    if typeof(arg) <: Font
-        plotattributes[Symbol(letter,:tickfont)] = arg
-        plotattributes[Symbol(letter,:guidefont)] = arg
+        d[Symbol(letter,:tickfont)] = arg
+        d[Symbol(letter,:guidefont)] = arg

    elseif arg in _allScales
-        plotattributes[Symbol(letter,:scale)] = arg
+        d[Symbol(letter,:scale)] = arg

    elseif arg in (:flip, :invert, :inverted)
-        plotattributes[Symbol(letter,:flip)] = true
+        d[Symbol(letter,:flip)] = true

    elseif T <: AbstractString
-        plotattributes[Symbol(letter,:guide)] = arg
+        d[Symbol(letter,:guide)] = arg

    # xlims/ylims
    elseif (T <: Tuple || T <: AVec) && length(arg) == 2
        sym = typeof(arg[1]) <: Number ? :lims : :ticks
-        plotattributes[Symbol(letter,sym)] = arg
+        d[Symbol(letter,sym)] = arg

    # xticks/yticks
    elseif T <: AVec
-        plotattributes[Symbol(letter,:ticks)] = arg
+        d[Symbol(letter,:ticks)] = arg

    elseif arg == nothing
-        plotattributes[Symbol(letter,:ticks)] = []
+        d[Symbol(letter,:ticks)] = []

    elseif T <: Bool || arg in _allShowaxisArgs
-        plotattributes[Symbol(letter,:showaxis)] = showaxis(arg, letter)
+        d[Symbol(letter,:showaxis)] = showaxis(arg, letter)

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Number
-        plotattributes[Symbol(letter,:rotation)] = arg
+        d[Symbol(letter,:rotation)] = arg

    elseif typeof(arg) <: Function
-        plotattributes[Symbol(letter,:formatter)] = arg
+        d[Symbol(letter,:formatter)] = arg

-    elseif !handleColors!(plotattributes, arg, Symbol(letter, :foreground_color_axis))
-        @warn("Skipped $(letter)axis arg $arg")
+    elseif !handleColors!(d, arg, Symbol(letter, :foreground_color_axis))
+        warn("Skipped $(letter)axis arg $arg")

    end
 end
@@ -88,28 +88,28 @@ end
 # update an Axis object with magic args and keywords
 function attr!(axis::Axis, args...; kw...)
    # first process args
-    plotattributes = axis.plotattributes
+    d = axis.d
    for arg in args
-        process_axis_arg!(plotattributes, arg)
+        process_axis_arg!(d, arg)
    end

-    # then override for any keywords... only those keywords that already exists in plotattributes
+    # then override for any keywords... only those keywords that already exists in d
    for (k,v) in kw
-        if haskey(plotattributes, k)
+        if haskey(d, k)
            if k == :discrete_values
                # add these discrete values to the axis
                for vi in v
                    discrete_value!(axis, vi)
                end
            else
-                plotattributes[k] = v
+                d[k] = v
            end
        end
    end

    # replace scale aliases
-    if haskey(_scaleAliases, plotattributes[:scale])
-        plotattributes[:scale] = _scaleAliases[plotattributes[:scale]]
+    if haskey(_scaleAliases, d[:scale])
+        d[:scale] = _scaleAliases[d[:scale]]
    end

    axis
@@ -117,10 +117,10 @@ end

 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

-Base.show(io::IO, axis::Axis) = dumpdict(axis.plotattributes, "Axis", true)
-# Base.getindex(axis::Axis, k::Symbol) = getindex(axis.plotattributes, k)
-Base.setindex!(axis::Axis, v, ks::Symbol...) = setindex!(axis.plotattributes, v, ks...)
-Base.haskey(axis::Axis, k::Symbol) = haskey(axis.plotattributes, k)
+Base.show(io::IO, axis::Axis) = dumpdict(axis.d, "Axis", true)
+# Base.getindex(axis::Axis, k::Symbol) = getindex(axis.d, k)
+Base.setindex!(axis::Axis, v, ks::Symbol...) = setindex!(axis.d, v, ks...)
+Base.haskey(axis::Axis, k::Symbol) = haskey(axis.d, k)
 ignorenan_extrema(axis::Axis) = (ex = axis[:extrema]; (ex.emin, ex.emax))


@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ end
 # return (continuous_values, discrete_values) for the ticks on this axis
 function get_ticks(axis::Axis)
    ticks = _transform_ticks(axis[:ticks])
-    ticks in (:none, nothing, false) && return nothing
+    ticks in (nothing, false) && return nothing

    # treat :native ticks as :auto
    ticks = ticks == :native ? :auto : ticks
@@ -286,34 +286,6 @@ _transform_ticks(ticks) = ticks
 _transform_ticks(ticks::AbstractArray{T}) where T <: Dates.TimeType = Dates.value.(ticks)
 _transform_ticks(ticks::NTuple{2, Any}) = (_transform_ticks(ticks[1]), ticks[2])

-function get_minor_ticks(axis,ticks)
-    axis[:minorticks] in (:none, nothing, false) && !axis[:minorgrid] && return nothing
-    ticks = ticks[1]
-    length(ticks) < 2 && return nothing
-
-    amin, amax = axis_limits(axis)
-    #Add one phantom tick either side of the ticks to ensure minor ticks extend to the axis limits
-    if length(ticks) > 2
-        ratio = (ticks[3] - ticks[2])/(ticks[2] - ticks[1])
-    elseif axis[:scale] == :none
-        ratio = 1
-    else
-        return nothing
-    end
-    first_step = ticks[2] - ticks[1]
-    last_step = ticks[end] - ticks[end-1]
-    ticks =  [ticks[1] - first_step/ratio; ticks; ticks[end] + last_step*ratio]
-
-    #Default to 5 intervals between major ticks
-    n = typeof(axis[:minorticks]) <: Integer && axis[:minorticks] > 1 ? axis[:minorticks] : 5
-    minorticks = typeof(ticks[1])[]
-    for (i,hi) in enumerate(ticks[2:end])
-        lo = ticks[i]
-        append!(minorticks,collect(lo + (hi-lo)/n :(hi-lo)/n: hi - (hi-lo)/2n))
-    end
-    minorticks[amin .<= minorticks .<= amax]
-end
-
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------


@@ -322,7 +294,7 @@ function reset_extrema!(sp::Subplot)
        sp[Symbol(asym,:axis)][:extrema] = Extrema()
    end
    for series in sp.series_list
-        expand_extrema!(sp, series.plotattributes)
+        expand_extrema!(sp, series.d)
    end
 end

@@ -357,17 +329,17 @@ function expand_extrema!(axis::Axis, v::AVec{N}) where N<:Number
 end


-function expand_extrema!(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
-    vert = isvertical(plotattributes)
+function expand_extrema!(sp::Subplot, d::KW)
+    vert = isvertical(d)

    # first expand for the data
    for letter in (:x, :y, :z)
-        data = plotattributes[if vert
+        data = d[if vert
            letter
        else
            letter == :x ? :y : letter == :y ? :x : :z
        end]
-        if letter != :z && plotattributes[:seriestype] == :straightline && any(series[:seriestype] != :straightline for series in series_list(sp)) && data[1] != data[2]
+        if letter != :z && d[:seriestype] == :straightline && any(series[:seriestype] != :straightline for series in series_list(sp)) && data[1] != data[2]
            data = [NaN]
        end
        axis = sp[Symbol(letter, "axis")]
@@ -379,30 +351,30 @@ function expand_extrema!(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
        elseif eltype(data) <: Number || (isa(data, Surface) && all(di -> isa(di, Number), data.surf))
            if !(eltype(data) <: Number)
                # huh... must have been a mis-typed surface? lets swap it out
-                data = plotattributes[letter] = Surface(Matrix{Float64}(data.surf))
+                data = d[letter] = Surface(Matrix{Float64}(data.surf))
            end
            expand_extrema!(axis, data)
        elseif data != nothing
            # TODO: need more here... gotta track the discrete reference value
            #       as well as any coord offset (think of boxplot shape coords... they all
            #       correspond to the same x-value)
-            plotattributes[letter], plotattributes[Symbol(letter,"_discrete_indices")] = discrete_value!(axis, data)
-            expand_extrema!(axis, plotattributes[letter])
+            d[letter], d[Symbol(letter,"_discrete_indices")] = discrete_value!(axis, data)
+            expand_extrema!(axis, d[letter])
        end
    end

    # # expand for fillrange/bar_width
    # fillaxis, baraxis = sp.attr[:yaxis], sp.attr[:xaxis]
-    # if isvertical(plotattributes)
+    # if isvertical(d)
    #     fillaxis, baraxis = baraxis, fillaxis
    # end

    # expand for fillrange
-    fr = plotattributes[:fillrange]
-    if fr == nothing && plotattributes[:seriestype] == :bar
+    fr = d[:fillrange]
+    if fr == nothing && d[:seriestype] == :bar
        fr = 0.0
    end
-    if fr != nothing && !all3D(plotattributes)
+    if fr != nothing && !all3D(d)
        axis = sp.attr[vert ? :yaxis : :xaxis]
        if typeof(fr) <: Tuple
            for fri in fr
@@ -414,13 +386,13 @@ function expand_extrema!(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
    end

    # expand for bar_width
-    if plotattributes[:seriestype] == :bar
+    if d[:seriestype] == :bar
        dsym = vert ? :x : :y
-        data = plotattributes[dsym]
+        data = d[dsym]

-        bw = plotattributes[:bar_width]
+        bw = d[:bar_width]
        if bw == nothing
-            bw = plotattributes[:bar_width] = _bar_width * ignorenan_minimum(filter(x->x>0,diff(sort(data))))
+            bw = d[:bar_width] = _bar_width * ignorenan_minimum(filter(x->x>0,diff(sort(data))))
        end
        axis = sp.attr[Symbol(dsym, :axis)]
        expand_extrema!(axis, ignorenan_maximum(data) + 0.5maximum(bw))
@@ -428,11 +400,11 @@ function expand_extrema!(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
    end

    # expand for heatmaps
-    if plotattributes[:seriestype] == :heatmap
+    if d[:seriestype] == :heatmap
        for letter in (:x, :y)
-            data = plotattributes[letter]
+            data = d[letter]
            axis = sp[Symbol(letter, "axis")]
-            scale = get(plotattributes, Symbol(letter, "scale"), :identity)
+            scale = get(d, Symbol(letter, "scale"), :identity)
            expand_extrema!(axis, heatmap_edges(data, scale))
        end
    end
@@ -459,10 +431,10 @@ const _widen_seriestypes = (:line, :path, :steppre, :steppost, :sticks, :scatter

 function default_should_widen(axis::Axis)
    should_widen = false
-    if !(is_2tuple(axis[:lims]) || axis[:lims] == :round)
+    if !is_2tuple(axis[:lims])
        for sp in axis.sps
            for series in series_list(sp)
-                if series.plotattributes[:seriestype] in _widen_seriestypes
+                if series.d[:seriestype] in _widen_seriestypes
                    should_widen = true
                end
            end
@@ -502,7 +474,7 @@ function axis_limits(axis::Axis, should_widen::Bool = default_should_widen(axis)
            amin, amax = 0, 2pi
        elseif lims == :auto
            #widen max radius so ticks dont overlap with theta axis
-            0, amax + 0.1 * abs(amax - amin)
+            amin, amax + 0.1 * abs(amax - amin)
        else
            amin, amax
        end
@@ -572,12 +544,12 @@ end
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

 function pie_labels(sp::Subplot, series::Series)
-    plotattributes = series.plotattributes
-    if haskey(plotattributes,:x_discrete_indices)
-        dvals = sp.attr[:xaxis].plotattributes[:discrete_values]
-        [dvals[idx] for idx in plotattributes[:x_discrete_indices]]
+    d = series.d
+    if haskey(d,:x_discrete_indices)
+        dvals = sp.attr[:xaxis].d[:discrete_values]
+        [dvals[idx] for idx in d[:x_discrete_indices]]
    else
-        plotattributes[:x]
+        d[:x]
    end
 end

@@ -590,16 +562,12 @@ function axis_drawing_info(sp::Subplot)
    ymin, ymax = axis_limits(yaxis)
    xticks = get_ticks(xaxis)
    yticks = get_ticks(yaxis)
-    xminorticks = get_minor_ticks(xaxis,xticks)
-    yminorticks = get_minor_ticks(yaxis,yticks)
    xaxis_segs = Segments(2)
    yaxis_segs = Segments(2)
    xtick_segs = Segments(2)
    ytick_segs = Segments(2)
    xgrid_segs = Segments(2)
    ygrid_segs = Segments(2)
-    xminorgrid_segs = Segments(2)
-    yminorgrid_segs = Segments(2)
    xborder_segs = Segments(2)
    yborder_segs = Segments(2)

@@ -614,14 +582,14 @@ function axis_drawing_info(sp::Subplot)
                end
                push!(xaxis_segs, (xmin, y1), (xmax, y1))
                # don't show the 0 tick label for the origin framestyle
-                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(xticks in (:none, nothing, false)) && length(xticks) > 1
+                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(xticks in (nothing,false)) && length(xticks) > 1
                    showticks = xticks[1] .!= 0
                    xticks = (xticks[1][showticks], xticks[2][showticks])
                end
            end
            sp[:framestyle] in (:semi, :box) && push!(xborder_segs, (xmin, y2), (xmax, y2)) # top spine
        end
-        if !(xaxis[:ticks] in (:none, nothing, false))
+        if !(xaxis[:ticks] in (nothing, false))
            f = scalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
            invf = invscalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
            ticks_in = xaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
@@ -642,28 +610,6 @@ function axis_drawing_info(sp::Subplot)
                xaxis[:grid] && push!(xgrid_segs, (xtick, ymin), (xtick, ymax)) # vertical grid
            end
        end
-        if !(xaxis[:minorticks] in (:none, nothing, false)) || xaxis[:minorgrid]
-            f = scalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
-            invf = invscalefunc(yaxis[:scale])
-            ticks_in = xaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
-            t1 = invf(f(ymin) + 0.01 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)) * ticks_in)
-            t2 = invf(f(ymax) - 0.01 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)) * ticks_in)
-            t3 = invf(f(0) + 0.01 * (f(ymax) - f(ymin)) * ticks_in)
-
-            for xminortick in xminorticks
-                if xaxis[:showaxis]
-                    tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
-                        (0, t3)
-                    else
-                        xor(xaxis[:mirror], yaxis[:flip]) ? (ymax, t2) : (ymin, t1)
-                    end
-                    push!(xtick_segs, (xminortick, tick_start), (xminortick, tick_stop)) # bottom tick
-                end
-                # sp[:draw_axes_border] && push!(xaxis_segs, (xtick, ymax), (xtick, t2)) # top tick
-                xaxis[:minorgrid] && push!(xminorgrid_segs, (xminortick, ymin), (xminortick, ymax)) # vertical grid
-            end
-        end
-

        # yaxis
        if yaxis[:showaxis]
@@ -675,14 +621,14 @@ function axis_drawing_info(sp::Subplot)
                end
                push!(yaxis_segs, (x1, ymin), (x1, ymax))
                # don't show the 0 tick label for the origin framestyle
-                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(yticks in (:none, nothing,false)) && length(yticks) > 1
+                if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && !(yticks in (nothing,false)) && length(yticks) > 1
                    showticks = yticks[1] .!= 0
                    yticks = (yticks[1][showticks], yticks[2][showticks])
                end
            end
            sp[:framestyle] in (:semi, :box) && push!(yborder_segs, (x2, ymin), (x2, ymax)) # right spine
        end
-        if !(yaxis[:ticks] in (:none, nothing, false))
+        if !(yaxis[:ticks] in (nothing, false))
            f = scalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
            invf = invscalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
            ticks_in = yaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
@@ -703,28 +649,7 @@ function axis_drawing_info(sp::Subplot)
                yaxis[:grid] && push!(ygrid_segs, (xmin, ytick), (xmax, ytick)) # horizontal grid
            end
        end
-        if !(yaxis[:minorticks] in (:none, nothing, false)) || yaxis[:minorgrid]
-            f = scalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
-            invf = invscalefunc(xaxis[:scale])
-            ticks_in = yaxis[:tick_direction] == :out ? -1 : 1
-            t1 = invf(f(xmin) + 0.01 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)) * ticks_in)
-            t2 = invf(f(xmax) - 0.01 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)) * ticks_in)
-            t3 = invf(f(0) + 0.01 * (f(xmax) - f(xmin)) * ticks_in)
-
-            for ytick in yminorticks
-                if yaxis[:showaxis]
-                    tick_start, tick_stop = if sp[:framestyle] == :origin
-                        (0, t3)
-                    else
-                        xor(yaxis[:mirror], xaxis[:flip]) ? (xmax, t2) : (xmin, t1)
-                    end
-                    push!(ytick_segs, (tick_start, ytick), (tick_stop, ytick)) # left tick
-                end
-                # sp[:draw_axes_border] && push!(yaxis_segs, (xmax, ytick), (t2, ytick)) # right tick
-                yaxis[:minorgrid] && push!(yminorgrid_segs, (xmin, ytick), (xmax, ytick)) # horizontal grid
-            end
-        end
    end

-    xticks, yticks, xaxis_segs, yaxis_segs, xtick_segs, ytick_segs, xgrid_segs, ygrid_segs, xminorgrid_segs, yminorgrid_segs, xborder_segs, yborder_segs
+    xticks, yticks, xaxis_segs, yaxis_segs, xtick_segs, ytick_segs, xgrid_segs, ygrid_segs, xborder_segs, yborder_segs
 end
@@ -6,46 +6,42 @@ const _backendType = Dict{Symbol, DataType}(:none => NoBackend)
 const _backendSymbol = Dict{DataType, Symbol}(NoBackend => :none)
 const _backends = Symbol[]
 const _initialized_backends = Set{Symbol}()
-const _default_backends = (:none, :gr, :plotly)
-
-const _backend_packages = Dict{Symbol, Symbol}()

 "Returns a list of supported backends"
 backends() = _backends

 "Returns the name of the current backend"
 backend_name() = CURRENT_BACKEND.sym
-
-function _backend_instance(sym::Symbol)::AbstractBackend
-    haskey(_backendType, sym) ? _backendType[sym]() : error("Unsupported backend $sym")
-end
-
-backend_package_name(sym::Symbol) = _backend_packages[sym]
+_backend_instance(sym::Symbol) = haskey(_backendType, sym) ? _backendType[sym]() : error("Unsupported backend $sym")

 macro init_backend(s)
-    package_str = string(s)
-    str = lowercase(package_str)
+    str = lowercase(string(s))
    sym = Symbol(str)
    T = Symbol(string(s) * "Backend")
    esc(quote
        struct $T <: AbstractBackend end
        export $sym
-        $sym(; kw...) = (default(; kw...); backend($T()))
+        $sym(; kw...) = (default(; kw...); backend(Symbol($str)))
        backend_name(::$T) = Symbol($str)
-        backend_package_name(pkg::$T) = backend_package_name(Symbol($str))
        push!(_backends, Symbol($str))
        _backendType[Symbol($str)] = $T
        _backendSymbol[$T] = Symbol($str)
-        _backend_packages[Symbol($str)] = Symbol($package_str)
-        # include("backends/" * $str * ".jl")
+        include("backends/" * $str * ".jl")
    end)
 end

-# include("backends/web.jl")
+include("backends/web.jl")
 # include("backends/supported.jl")

 # ---------------------------------------------------------

+function add_backend(pkg::Symbol)
+    info("To do a standard install of $pkg, copy and run this:\n\n")
+    println(add_backend_string(_backend_instance(pkg)))
+    println()
+end
+add_backend_string(b::AbstractBackend) = warn("No custom install defined for $(backend_name(b))")
+
 # don't do anything as a default
 _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot) = nothing
 _prepare_plot_object(plt::Plot) = nothing
@@ -136,27 +132,33 @@ CurrentBackend(sym::Symbol) = CurrentBackend(sym, _backend_instance(sym))

 # ---------------------------------------------------------

-_fallback_default_backend() = backend(GRBackend())
-
-function _pick_default_backend()
+function pickDefaultBackend()
    env_default = get(ENV, "PLOTS_DEFAULT_BACKEND", "")
    if env_default != ""
-        sym = Symbol(lowercase(env_default))
-        if sym in _backends
-            if sym in _initialized_backends
-                backend(sym)
+        if env_default in keys(Pkg.installed())
+            sym = Symbol(lowercase(env_default))
+            if haskey(_backendType, sym)
+                return backend(sym)
            else
-                @warn("You have set `PLOTS_DEFAULT_BACKEND=$env_default` but `$(backend_package_name(sym))` is not loaded.")
-                _fallback_default_backend()
+                warn("You have set PLOTS_DEFAULT_BACKEND=$env_default but it is not a valid backend package.  Choose from:\n\t",
+                     join(sort(_backends), "\n\t"))
            end
        else
-            @warn("You have set PLOTS_DEFAULT_BACKEND=$env_default but it is not a valid backend package.  Choose from:\n\t" *
-                 join(sort(_backends), "\n\t"))
-            _fallback_default_backend()
+            warn("You have set PLOTS_DEFAULT_BACKEND=$env_default but it is not installed.")
        end
-    else
-        _fallback_default_backend()
    end
+
+    # the ordering/inclusion of this package list is my semi-arbitrary guess at
+    # which one someone will want to use if they have the package installed...accounting for
+    # features, speed, and robustness
+    for pkgstr in ("GR", "PyPlot", "PlotlyJS", "PGFPlots", "UnicodePlots", "InspectDR", "GLVisualize")
+        if pkgstr in keys(Pkg.installed())
+            return backend(Symbol(lowercase(pkgstr)))
+        end
+    end
+
+    # the default if nothing else is installed
+    backend(:plotly)
 end


@@ -166,41 +168,55 @@ end
 Returns the current plotting package name.  Initializes package on first call.
 """
 function backend()
-    if CURRENT_BACKEND.sym == :none
-        _pick_default_backend()
+
+  global CURRENT_BACKEND
+  if CURRENT_BACKEND.sym == :none
+    pickDefaultBackend()
+  end
+
+  sym = CURRENT_BACKEND.sym
+  if !(sym in _initialized_backends)
+
+    # # initialize
+    # println("[Plots.jl] Initializing backend: ", sym)
+
+    inst = _backend_instance(sym)
+    try
+      _initialize_backend(inst)
+    catch err
+      warn("Couldn't initialize $sym.  (might need to install it?)")
+      add_backend(sym)
+      rethrow(err)
    end

-    CURRENT_BACKEND.pkg
+    push!(_initialized_backends, sym)
+
+  end
+  CURRENT_BACKEND.pkg
 end

 """
 Set the plot backend.
 """
 function backend(pkg::AbstractBackend)
-    sym = backend_name(pkg)
-    if !(sym in _initialized_backends)
-        _initialize_backend(pkg)
-        push!(_initialized_backends, sym)
-    end
-    CURRENT_BACKEND.sym = sym
+    CURRENT_BACKEND.sym = backend_name(pkg)
+    warn_on_deprecated_backend(CURRENT_BACKEND.sym)
    CURRENT_BACKEND.pkg = pkg
-    pkg
+    backend()
 end

-function backend(sym::Symbol)
-    if sym in _backends
-        backend(_backend_instance(sym))
-    else
-        @warn("`:$sym` is not a supported backend.")
-        backend()
-    end
+function backend(modname::Symbol)
+    warn_on_deprecated_backend(modname)
+    CURRENT_BACKEND.sym = modname
+    CURRENT_BACKEND.pkg = _backend_instance(modname)
+    backend()
 end

-const _deprecated_backends = [:qwt, :winston, :bokeh, :gadfly, :immerse, :glvisualize]
+const _deprecated_backends = [:qwt, :winston, :bokeh, :gadfly, :immerse]

 function warn_on_deprecated_backend(bsym::Symbol)
    if bsym in _deprecated_backends
-        @warn("Backend $bsym has been deprecated.")
+        warn("Backend $bsym has been deprecated.  It may not work as originally intended.")
    end
 end

@@ -251,11 +267,17 @@ end



+# @init_backend Immerse
+# @init_backend Gadfly
@init_backend PyPlot
+# @init_backend Qwt
@init_backend UnicodePlots
+# @init_backend Winston
+# @init_backend Bokeh
@init_backend Plotly
@init_backend PlotlyJS
@init_backend GR
+@init_backend GLVisualize
@init_backend PGFPlots
@init_backend InspectDR
@init_backend HDF5
@@ -286,384 +308,3 @@ end

 # is_subplot_supported(::AbstractBackend) = false
 # is_subplot_supported() = is_subplot_supported(backend())
-
-
-################################################################################
-# initialize the backends
-
-function _initialize_backend(pkg::AbstractBackend)
-    sym = backend_package_name(pkg)
-    @eval Main begin
-        import $sym
-        export $sym
-    end
-end
-
-_initialize_backend(pkg::GRBackend) = nothing
-
-_initialize_backend(pkg::PlotlyBackend) = nothing
-
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# gr
-
-const _gr_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
-    :annotations,
-    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
-    :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_axis,
-    :foreground_color_text, :foreground_color_border,
-    :label,
-    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
-    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
-    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
-    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
-    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
-    :bins,
-    :layout,
-    :title, :window_title,
-    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip,
-    :match_dimensions,
-    :titlefontfamily, :titlefontsize, :titlefonthalign, :titlefontvalign,
-    :titlefontrotation, :titlefontcolor,
-    :legendfontfamily, :legendfontsize, :legendfonthalign, :legendfontvalign,
-    :legendfontrotation, :legendfontcolor,
-    :tickfontfamily, :tickfontsize, :tickfonthalign, :tickfontvalign,
-    :tickfontrotation, :tickfontcolor,
-    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefonthalign, :guidefontvalign,
-    :guidefontrotation, :guidefontcolor,
-    :grid, :gridalpha, :gridstyle, :gridlinewidth,
-    :legend, :legendtitle, :colorbar, :colorbar_title,
-    :fill_z, :line_z, :marker_z, :levels,
-    :ribbon, :quiver,
-    :orientation,
-    :overwrite_figure,
-    :polar,
-    :aspect_ratio,
-    :normalize, :weights,
-    :inset_subplots,
-    :bar_width,
-    :arrow,
-    :framestyle,
-    :tick_direction,
-    :camera,
-    :contour_labels,
-])
-const _gr_seriestype = [
-    :path, :scatter, :straightline,
-    :heatmap, :pie, :image,
-    :contour, :path3d, :scatter3d, :surface, :wireframe, :volume,
-    :shape
-]
-const _gr_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot, :dashdotdot]
-const _gr_marker = _allMarkers
-const _gr_scale = [:identity, :log10]
-is_marker_supported(::GRBackend, shape::Shape) = true
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# plotly
-
-const _plotly_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
-    :annotations,
-    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
-    :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_guide,
-    :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_axis,
-    :foreground_color_text, :foreground_color_border,
-    :foreground_color_title,
-    :label,
-    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
-    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
-    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
-    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha, :markerstrokestyle,
-    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
-    :bins,
-    :title, :title_location,
-    :titlefontfamily, :titlefontsize, :titlefonthalign, :titlefontvalign,
-    :titlefontcolor,
-    :legendfontfamily, :legendfontsize, :legendfontcolor,
-    :tickfontfamily, :tickfontsize, :tickfontcolor,
-    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefontcolor,
-    :window_title,
-    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
-    :tickfont, :guidefont, :legendfont,
-    :grid, :gridalpha, :gridlinewidth,
-    :legend, :colorbar, :colorbar_title,
-    :marker_z, :fill_z, :line_z, :levels,
-    :ribbon, :quiver,
-    :orientation,
-    # :overwrite_figure,
-    :polar,
-    :normalize, :weights,
-    # :contours,
-    :aspect_ratio,
-    :hover,
-    :inset_subplots,
-    :bar_width,
-    :clims,
-    :framestyle,
-    :tick_direction,
-    :camera,
-    :contour_labels,
-  ])
-
-const _plotly_seriestype = [
-    :path, :scatter, :pie, :heatmap,
-    :contour, :surface, :wireframe, :path3d, :scatter3d, :shape, :scattergl,
-    :straightline
-]
-const _plotly_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
-const _plotly_marker = [
-    :none, :auto, :circle, :rect, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle,
-    :cross, :xcross, :pentagon, :hexagon, :octagon, :vline, :hline
-]
-const _plotly_scale = [:identity, :log10]
-
-defaultOutputFormat(plt::Plot{Plots.PlotlyBackend}) = "html"
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# pgfplots
-
-const _pgfplots_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
-    :annotations,
-    :background_color_legend,
-    :background_color_inside,
-    # :background_color_outside,
-    # :foreground_color_legend,
-    :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_axis,
-    :foreground_color_text, :foreground_color_border,
-    :label,
-    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
-    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
-    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
-    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha, :markerstrokestyle,
-    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
-    :bins,
-    # :bar_width, :bar_edges,
-    :title,
-    # :window_title,
-    :guide, :guide_position, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
-    :tickfont, :guidefont, :legendfont,
-    :grid, :legend,
-    :colorbar, :colorbar_title,
-    :fill_z, :line_z, :marker_z, :levels,
-    # :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
-    # :orientation,
-    # :overwrite_figure,
-    :polar,
-    # :normalize, :weights, :contours,
-    :aspect_ratio,
-    # :match_dimensions,
-    :tick_direction,
-    :framestyle,
-    :camera,
-    :contour_labels,
-])
-const _pgfplots_seriestype = [:path, :path3d, :scatter, :steppre, :stepmid, :steppost, :histogram2d, :ysticks, :xsticks, :contour, :shape, :straightline,]
-const _pgfplots_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot, :dashdotdot]
-const _pgfplots_marker = [:none, :auto, :circle, :rect, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle, :cross, :xcross, :star5, :pentagon, :hline, :vline] #vcat(_allMarkers, Shape)
-const _pgfplots_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# plotlyjs
-
-function _initialize_backend(pkg::PlotlyJSBackend)
-    @eval Main begin
-        import PlotlyJS, ORCA
-        export PlotlyJS
-    end
-end
-
-const _plotlyjs_attr        = _plotly_attr
-const _plotlyjs_seriestype  = _plotly_seriestype
-const _plotlyjs_style       = _plotly_style
-const _plotlyjs_marker      = _plotly_marker
-const _plotlyjs_scale       = _plotly_scale
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# pyplot
-
-function _initialize_backend(::PyPlotBackend)
-    @eval Main begin
-        import PyPlot
-
-        export PyPlot
-
-        # we don't want every command to update the figure
-        PyPlot.ioff()
-    end
-end
-
-const _pyplot_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
-    :annotations,
-    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
-    :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_title,
-    :foreground_color_axis, :foreground_color_border, :foreground_color_guide, :foreground_color_text,
-    :label,
-    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
-    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
-    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
-    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
-    :bins, :bar_width, :bar_edges, :bar_position,
-    :title, :title_location, :titlefont,
-    :window_title,
-    :guide, :guide_position, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
-    :titlefontfamily, :titlefontsize, :titlefontcolor,
-    :legendfontfamily, :legendfontsize, :legendfontcolor,
-    :tickfontfamily, :tickfontsize, :tickfontcolor,
-    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefontcolor,
-    :grid, :gridalpha, :gridstyle, :gridlinewidth,
-    :legend, :legendtitle, :colorbar,
-    :marker_z, :line_z, :fill_z,
-    :levels,
-    :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
-    :orientation,
-    :overwrite_figure,
-    :polar,
-    :normalize, :weights,
-    :contours, :aspect_ratio,
-    :match_dimensions,
-    :clims,
-    :inset_subplots,
-    :dpi,
-    :colorbar_title,
-    :stride,
-    :framestyle,
-    :tick_direction,
-    :camera,
-    :contour_labels,
-  ])
-const _pyplot_seriestype = [
-        :path, :steppre, :steppost, :shape, :straightline,
-        :scatter, :hexbin, #:histogram2d, :histogram,
-        # :bar,
-        :heatmap, :pie, :image,
-        :contour, :contour3d, :path3d, :scatter3d, :surface, :wireframe
-    ]
-const _pyplot_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
-const _pyplot_marker = vcat(_allMarkers, :pixel)
-const _pyplot_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# unicodeplots
-
-const _unicodeplots_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
-    :label,
-    :legend,
-    :seriescolor,
-    :seriesalpha,
-    :linestyle,
-    :markershape,
-    :bins,
-    :title,
-    :guide, :lims,
-  ])
-const _unicodeplots_seriestype = [
-    :path, :scatter, :straightline,
-    # :bar,
-    :shape,
-    :histogram2d,
-    :spy
-]
-const _unicodeplots_style = [:auto, :solid]
-const _unicodeplots_marker = [:none, :auto, :circle]
-const _unicodeplots_scale = [:identity]
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# hdf5
-
-const _hdf5_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
-    :annotations,
-    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
-    :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_title,
-    :foreground_color_axis, :foreground_color_border, :foreground_color_guide, :foreground_color_text,
-    :label,
-    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
-    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
-    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
-    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
-    :bins, :bar_width, :bar_edges, :bar_position,
-    :title, :title_location, :titlefont,
-    :window_title,
-    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
-    :tickfont, :guidefont, :legendfont,
-    :grid, :legend, :colorbar,
-    :marker_z, :line_z, :fill_z,
-    :levels,
-    :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
-    :orientation,
-    :overwrite_figure,
-    :polar,
-    :normalize, :weights,
-    :contours, :aspect_ratio,
-    :match_dimensions,
-    :clims,
-    :inset_subplots,
-    :dpi,
-    :colorbar_title,
-  ])
-const _hdf5_seriestype = [
-        :path, :steppre, :steppost, :shape, :straightline,
-        :scatter, :hexbin, #:histogram2d, :histogram,
-        # :bar,
-        :heatmap, :pie, :image,
-        :contour, :contour3d, :path3d, :scatter3d, :surface, :wireframe
-    ]
-const _hdf5_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
-const _hdf5_marker = vcat(_allMarkers, :pixel)
-const _hdf5_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# inspectdr
-
-const _inspectdr_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
-    :annotations,
-    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
-    # :foreground_color_grid,
-    :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_title,
-    :foreground_color_axis, :foreground_color_border, :foreground_color_guide, :foreground_color_text,
-    :label,
-    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
-    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
-    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
-    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
-    :markerstrokestyle, #Causes warning not to have it... what is this?
-    :fillcolor, :fillalpha, #:fillrange,
-#    :bins, :bar_width, :bar_edges, :bar_position,
-    :title, :title_location,
-    :window_title,
-    :guide, :lims, :scale, #:ticks, :flip, :rotation,
-    :titlefontfamily, :titlefontsize, :titlefontcolor,
-    :legendfontfamily, :legendfontsize, :legendfontcolor,
-    :tickfontfamily, :tickfontsize, :tickfontcolor,
-    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefontcolor,
-    :grid, :legend, #:colorbar,
-#    :marker_z,
-#    :line_z,
-#    :levels,
- #   :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
-#    :orientation,
-    :overwrite_figure,
-    :polar,
-#    :normalize, :weights,
-#    :contours, :aspect_ratio,
-    :match_dimensions,
-#    :clims,
-#    :inset_subplots,
-    :dpi,
-#    :colorbar_title,
-  ])
-const _inspectdr_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
-const _inspectdr_seriestype = [
-        :path, :scatter, :shape, :straightline, #, :steppre, :steppost
-    ]
-#see: _allMarkers, _shape_keys
-const _inspectdr_marker = Symbol[
-    :none, :auto,
-    :circle, :rect, :diamond,
-    :cross, :xcross,
-    :utriangle, :dtriangle, :rtriangle, :ltriangle,
-    :pentagon, :hexagon, :heptagon, :octagon,
-    :star4, :star5, :star6, :star7, :star8,
-    :vline, :hline, :+, :x,
-]
-
-const _inspectdr_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]
@@ -3,9 +3,74 @@

 # significant contributions by @jheinen

-import GR
-export GR
+@require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" begin
+    Revise.track(Plots, joinpath(Pkg.dir("Plots"), "src", "backends", "gr.jl"))
+end

+const _gr_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
+    :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_axis,
+    :foreground_color_text, :foreground_color_border,
+    :label,
+    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
+    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
+    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
+    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
+    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
+    :bins,
+    :layout,
+    :title, :window_title,
+    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip,
+    :titlefontfamily, :titlefontsize, :titlefonthalign, :titlefontvalign,
+    :titlefontrotation, :titlefontcolor,
+    :legendfontfamily, :legendfontsize, :legendfonthalign, :legendfontvalign,
+    :legendfontrotation, :legendfontcolor,
+    :tickfontfamily, :tickfontsize, :tickfonthalign, :tickfontvalign,
+    :tickfontrotation, :tickfontcolor,
+    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefonthalign, :guidefontvalign,
+    :guidefontrotation, :guidefontcolor,
+    :grid, :gridalpha, :gridstyle, :gridlinewidth,
+    :legend, :legendtitle, :colorbar,
+    :fill_z, :line_z, :marker_z, :levels,
+    :ribbon, :quiver,
+    :orientation,
+    :overwrite_figure,
+    :polar,
+    :aspect_ratio,
+    :normalize, :weights,
+    :inset_subplots,
+    :bar_width,
+    :arrow,
+    :framestyle,
+    :tick_direction,
+    :camera,
+    :contour_labels,
+])
+const _gr_seriestype = [
+    :path, :scatter, :straightline,
+    :heatmap, :pie, :image,
+    :contour, :path3d, :scatter3d, :surface, :wireframe,
+    :shape
+]
+const _gr_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot, :dashdotdot]
+const _gr_marker = _allMarkers
+const _gr_scale = [:identity, :log10]
+is_marker_supported(::GRBackend, shape::Shape) = true
+
+function add_backend_string(::GRBackend)
+    """
+    Pkg.add("GR")
+    Pkg.build("GR")
+    """
+end
+
+function _initialize_backend(::GRBackend; kw...)
+    @eval begin
+        import GR
+        export GR
+    end
+end

 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

@@ -281,11 +346,7 @@ end


 # draw the markers, one at a time
-function gr_draw_markers(series::Series, x, y, clims, msize = series[:markersize])
-
-    isempty(x) && return
-    GR.setfillintstyle(GR.INTSTYLE_SOLID)
-
+function gr_draw_markers(series::Series, x, y, msize, mz)
    shapes = series[:markershape]
    if shapes != :none
        for i=1:length(x)
@@ -302,7 +363,7 @@ function gr_draw_markers(series::Series, x, y, clims, msize = series[:markersize

            # draw the shape - don't draw filled area if marker shape is 1D
            if !(shape in (:hline, :vline, :+, :x))
-                cfunc(get_markercolor(series, clims, i))
+                cfunc(get_markercolor(series, i))
                gr_set_transparency(get_markeralpha(series, i))
                gr_draw_marker(x[i], y[i], msi, shape)
            end
@@ -310,6 +371,13 @@ function gr_draw_markers(series::Series, x, y, clims, msize = series[:markersize
    end
 end

+function gr_draw_markers(series::Series, x, y, clims)
+    isempty(x) && return
+    mz = normalize_zvals(series[:marker_z], clims)
+    GR.setfillintstyle(GR.INTSTYLE_SOLID)
+    gr_draw_markers(series, x, y, series[:markersize], mz)
+end
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------

 function gr_set_line(lw, style, c) #, a)
@@ -361,8 +429,6 @@ const viewport_plotarea = zeros(4)
 # the size of the current plot in pixels
 const gr_plot_size = [600.0, 400.0]

-const gr_colorbar_ratio = 0.1
-
 function gr_viewport_from_bbox(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, bb::BoundingBox, w, h, viewport_canvas)
    viewport = zeros(4)
    viewport[1] = viewport_canvas[2] * (left(bb) / w)
@@ -378,7 +444,7 @@ function gr_viewport_from_bbox(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, bb::BoundingBox, w, h, vi
        viewport[4] = 0.5 * (vp[3] + vp[4] + extent)
    end
    if hascolorbar(sp)
-        viewport[2] -= gr_colorbar_ratio
+        viewport[2] -= 0.1
    end
    viewport
 end
@@ -415,32 +481,17 @@ function gr_set_viewport_polar()
 end

 # add the colorbar
-function gr_colorbar(sp::Subplot, clims, levels)
-    GR.savestate()
+function gr_colorbar(sp::Subplot, clims)
    xmin, xmax = gr_xy_axislims(sp)[1:2]
-    zmin, zmax = clims[1:2]
    gr_set_viewport_cmap(sp)
-    l = if levels === nothing
-       (1000:1255)'
-    elseif length(levels) > 1
-        min_level, max_level = ignorenan_minimum(levels), ignorenan_maximum(levels)
-        round.(Int32, 1000 .+ (levels .- min_level) ./ (max_level - min_level) .* 255)
-    else
-        Int32[1000, 1255]
-    end
+    l = zeros(Int32, 1, 256)
+    l[1,:] = Int[round(Int, _i) for _i in range(1000, stop=1255, length=256)]
    GR.setscale(0)
-    GR.setwindow(xmin, xmax, zmin, zmax)
-    GR.cellarray(xmin, xmax, zmax, zmin, 1, length(l), l)
-    ztick = 0.5 * GR.tick(zmin, zmax)
-    GR.axes(0, ztick, xmax, zmin, 0, 1, 0.005)
-
-    gr_set_font(guidefont(sp[:yaxis]))
-    GR.settextalign(GR.TEXT_HALIGN_CENTER, GR.TEXT_VALIGN_TOP)
-    GR.setcharup(-1, 0)
-    gr_text(viewport_plotarea[2] + gr_colorbar_ratio,
-            gr_view_ycenter(), sp[:colorbar_title])
-
-    GR.restorestate()
+    GR.setwindow(xmin, xmax, clims[1], clims[2])
+    GR.cellarray(xmin, xmax, clims[2], clims[1], 1, length(l), l)
+    ztick = 0.5 * GR.tick(clims[1], clims[2])
+    GR.axes(0, ztick, xmax, clims[1], 0, 1, 0.005)
+    gr_set_viewport_plotarea()
 end

 gr_view_xcenter() = 0.5 * (viewport_plotarea[1] + viewport_plotarea[2])
@@ -479,7 +530,7 @@ end
 const _gr_gradient_alpha = ones(256)

 function gr_set_gradient(c)
-    grad = c isa ColorGradient ? c : cgrad()
+    grad = isa(c, ColorGradient) ? c : cgrad()
    for (i,z) in enumerate(range(0, stop=1, length=256))
        c = grad[z]
        GR.setcolorrep(999+i, red(c), green(c), blue(c))
@@ -494,9 +545,6 @@ function gr_display(plt::Plot, fmt="")

    _gr_thickness_scaling[1] = plt[:thickness_scaling]
    dpi_factor = plt[:dpi] / Plots.DPI
-    if fmt == "svg"
-        dpi_factor *= 4
-    end

    # collect some monitor/display sizes in meters and pixels
    display_width_meters, display_height_meters, display_width_px, display_height_px = GR.inqdspsize()
@@ -576,7 +624,7 @@ end
 function _update_min_padding!(sp::Subplot{GRBackend})
    dpi = sp.plt[:thickness_scaling]
    if !haskey(ENV, "GKSwstype")
-        if isijulia()
+        if isijulia() || (isdefined(Main, :Juno) && Juno.isactive())
            ENV["GKSwstype"] = "svg"
        end
    end
@@ -611,22 +659,11 @@ function _update_min_padding!(sp::Subplot{GRBackend})
    end
    # Add margin for x label
    if sp[:xaxis][:guide] != ""
-        if sp[:xaxis][:guide_position] == :top || (sp[:xaxis][:guide_position] == :auto && sp[:xaxis][:mirror] == true)
-            toppad += 4mm
-        else
-            bottompad += 4mm
-        end
+        bottompad += 4mm
    end
    # Add margin for y label
    if sp[:yaxis][:guide] != ""
-        if sp[:yaxis][:guide_position] == :right || (sp[:yaxis][:guide_position] == :auto && sp[:yaxis][:mirror] == true)
-            rightpad += 4mm
-        else
-            leftpad += 4mm
-        end
-    end
-    if sp[:colorbar_title] != ""
-        rightpad += 4mm
+        leftpad += 4mm
    end
    sp.minpad = Tuple(dpi * [leftpad, toppad, rightpad, bottompad])
 end
@@ -668,10 +705,7 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
    # reduced from before... set some flags based on the series in this subplot
    # TODO: can these be generic flags?
    outside_ticks = false
-    # calculate the colorbar limits once for a subplot
-    clims = get_clims(sp)
-    clevels = nothing
-
+    cmap = hascolorbar(sp)
    draw_axes = sp[:framestyle] != :none
    # axes_2d = true
    for series in series_list(sp)
@@ -683,7 +717,7 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
            outside_ticks = true
            for ax in (sp[:xaxis], sp[:yaxis])
                v = series[ax[:letter]]
-                if length(v) > 1 && diff(collect(extrema(diff(v))))[1] > 1e-6*std(v)
+                if diff(collect(extrema(diff(v))))[1] > 1e-6*std(v)
                    @warn("GR: heatmap only supported with equally spaced data.")
                end
            end
@@ -693,9 +727,6 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
            expand_extrema!(sp[:yaxis], y)
            data_lims = gr_xy_axislims(sp)
        end
-
-        # color levels overwritten by the last relevant series
-        hascolorbar(series) && (clevels = colorbar_levels(series, clims))
    end

    # set our plot area view
@@ -744,13 +775,11 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
    GR.setlinewidth(sp.plt[:thickness_scaling])

    if is3d(sp)
-        # TODO do we really need a different clims computation here from the one
-        #      computed above using get_clims(sp)?
        zmin, zmax = gr_lims(zaxis, true)
-        clims3d = sp[:clims]
-        if is_2tuple(clims3d)
-            isfinite(clims3d[1]) && (zmin = clims3d[1])
-            isfinite(clims3d[2]) && (zmax = clims3d[2])
+        clims = sp[:clims]
+        if is_2tuple(clims)
+            isfinite(clims[1]) && (zmin = clims[1])
+            isfinite(clims[2]) && (zmax = clims[2])
        end
        GR.setspace(zmin, zmax, round.(Int, sp[:camera])...)
        xtick = GR.tick(xmin, xmax) / 2
@@ -789,7 +818,7 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
            GR.setwindow(xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)
        end

-        xticks, yticks, xspine_segs, yspine_segs, xtick_segs, ytick_segs, xgrid_segs, ygrid_segs, xminorgrid_segs, yminorgrid_segs, xborder_segs, yborder_segs = axis_drawing_info(sp)
+        xticks, yticks, xspine_segs, yspine_segs, xtick_segs, ytick_segs, xgrid_segs, ygrid_segs, xborder_segs, yborder_segs = axis_drawing_info(sp)
        # @show xticks yticks #spine_segs grid_segs

        # draw the grid lines
@@ -805,28 +834,16 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
            gr_set_transparency(yaxis[:gridalpha])
            gr_polyline(coords(ygrid_segs)...)
        end
-        if xaxis[:minorgrid]
-            # gr_set_linecolor(sp[:foreground_color_grid])
-            # GR.grid(xtick, ytick, 0, 0, majorx, majory)
-            gr_set_line(xaxis[:minorgridlinewidth], xaxis[:minorgridstyle], xaxis[:foreground_color_minor_grid])
-            gr_set_transparency(xaxis[:minorgridalpha])
-            gr_polyline(coords(xminorgrid_segs)...)
-        end
-        if yaxis[:minorgrid]
-            gr_set_line(yaxis[:minorgridlinewidth], yaxis[:minorgridstyle], yaxis[:foreground_color_minor_grid])
-            gr_set_transparency(yaxis[:minorgridalpha])
-            gr_polyline(coords(yminorgrid_segs)...)
-        end
        gr_set_transparency(1.0)

        # axis lines
        if xaxis[:showaxis]
-            gr_set_line(1, :solid, xaxis[:foreground_color_border])
+            gr_set_line(1, :solid, xaxis[:foreground_color_axis])
            GR.setclip(0)
            gr_polyline(coords(xspine_segs)...)
        end
        if yaxis[:showaxis]
-            gr_set_line(1, :solid, yaxis[:foreground_color_border])
+            gr_set_line(1, :solid, yaxis[:foreground_color_axis])
            GR.setclip(0)
            gr_polyline(coords(yspine_segs)...)
        end
@@ -925,32 +942,18 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
        GR.settextalign(halign, GR.TEXT_VALIGN_TOP)
        gr_text(xpos, viewport_subplot[4], sp[:title])
    end
-    if is3d(sp)
-        gr_set_font(guidefont(xaxis))
-        GR.titles3d(xaxis[:guide], yaxis[:guide], zaxis[:guide])
-    else
-        if xaxis[:guide] != ""
-            gr_set_font(guidefont(xaxis))
-            if xaxis[:guide_position] == :top || (xaxis[:guide_position] == :auto && xaxis[:mirror] == true)
-                GR.settextalign(GR.TEXT_HALIGN_CENTER, GR.TEXT_VALIGN_TOP)
-                gr_text(gr_view_xcenter(), viewport_subplot[4], xaxis[:guide])
-            else
-                GR.settextalign(GR.TEXT_HALIGN_CENTER, GR.TEXT_VALIGN_BOTTOM)
-                gr_text(gr_view_xcenter(), viewport_subplot[3], xaxis[:guide])
-            end
-        end

-        if yaxis[:guide] != ""
-            gr_set_font(guidefont(yaxis))
-            GR.setcharup(-1, 0)
-            if yaxis[:guide_position] == :right || (yaxis[:guide_position] == :auto && yaxis[:mirror] == true)
-                GR.settextalign(GR.TEXT_HALIGN_CENTER, GR.TEXT_VALIGN_BOTTOM)
-                gr_text(viewport_subplot[2], gr_view_ycenter(), yaxis[:guide])
-            else
-                GR.settextalign(GR.TEXT_HALIGN_CENTER, GR.TEXT_VALIGN_TOP)
-                gr_text(viewport_subplot[1], gr_view_ycenter(), yaxis[:guide])
-            end
-        end
+    if xaxis[:guide] != ""
+        gr_set_font(guidefont(xaxis))
+        GR.settextalign(GR.TEXT_HALIGN_CENTER, GR.TEXT_VALIGN_BOTTOM)
+        gr_text(gr_view_xcenter(), viewport_subplot[3], xaxis[:guide])
+    end
+
+    if yaxis[:guide] != ""
+        gr_set_font(guidefont(yaxis))
+        GR.settextalign(GR.TEXT_HALIGN_CENTER, GR.TEXT_VALIGN_TOP)
+        GR.setcharup(-1, 0)
+        gr_text(viewport_subplot[1], gr_view_ycenter(), yaxis[:guide])
    end
    GR.restorestate()

@@ -959,15 +962,15 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
    # this needs to be here to point the colormap to the right indices
    GR.setcolormap(1000 + GR.COLORMAP_COOLWARM)

+    # calculate the colorbar limits once for a subplot
+    clims = get_clims(sp)
+
    for (idx, series) in enumerate(series_list(sp))
        st = series[:seriestype]

        # update the current stored gradient
-        if st in (:surface, :heatmap) ||
-                (st == :contour && series[:fillrange] !== nothing)
+        if st in (:contour, :surface, :wireframe, :heatmap)
            gr_set_gradient(series[:fillcolor]) #, series[:fillalpha])
-        elseif st in (:contour, :wireframe)
-            gr_set_gradient(series[:linecolor])
        elseif series[:marker_z] != nothing
            series[:markercolor] = gr_set_gradient(series[:markercolor])
        elseif series[:line_z] !=  nothing
@@ -1019,7 +1022,7 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
                    GR.setfillintstyle(GR.INTSTYLE_SOLID)
                    fr_from, fr_to = (is_2tuple(frng) ? frng : (y, frng))
                    for (i, rng) in enumerate(segments)
-                        gr_set_fillcolor(get_fillcolor(series, clims, i))
+                        gr_set_fillcolor(get_fillcolor(series, i))
                        fx = _cycle(x, vcat(rng, reverse(rng)))
                        fy = vcat(_cycle(fr_from,rng), _cycle(fr_to,reverse(rng)))
                        gr_set_transparency(get_fillalpha(series, i))
@@ -1030,7 +1033,7 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
                # draw the line(s)
                if st in (:path, :straightline)
                    for (i, rng) in enumerate(segments)
-                        gr_set_line(get_linewidth(series, i), get_linestyle(series, i), get_linecolor(series, clims, i)) #, series[:linealpha])
+                        gr_set_line(get_linewidth(series, i), get_linestyle(series, i), get_linecolor(series, i)) #, series[:linealpha])
                        gr_set_transparency(get_linealpha(series, i))
                        arrowside = isa(series[:arrow], Arrow) ? series[:arrow].side : :none
                        gr_polyline(x[rng], y[rng]; arrowside = arrowside)
@@ -1043,21 +1046,35 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
            end

        elseif st == :contour
-            GR.setspace(clims[1], clims[2], 0, 90)
-            h = colorbar_levels(series, clims)
-            GR.setlinetype(gr_linetype[get_linestyle(series)])
-            GR.setlinewidth(max(0, get_linewidth(series) / (sum(gr_plot_size) * 0.001)))
-            is_lc_black = let black=plot_color(:black)
-                plot_color(series[:linecolor]) in (black,[black])
+            zmin, zmax = clims
+            GR.setspace(zmin, zmax, 0, 90)
+            if typeof(series[:levels]) <: AbstractArray
+                h = series[:levels]
+            else
+                h = series[:levels] > 1 ? range(zmin, stop=zmax, length=series[:levels]) : [(zmin + zmax) / 2]
            end
            if series[:fillrange] != nothing
-                if series[:fillcolor] != series[:linecolor] && !is_lc_black
-                    @warn("GR: filled contour only supported with black contour lines")
-                end
-                GR.contourf(x, y, h, z, series[:contour_labels] == true ? 1 : 0)
+                GR.surface(x, y, z, GR.OPTION_CELL_ARRAY)
            else
-                coff = is_lc_black ? 0 : 1000
-                GR.contour(x, y, h, z, coff + (series[:contour_labels] == true ? 1 : 0))
+                GR.setlinetype(gr_linetype[get_linestyle(series)])
+                GR.setlinewidth(max(0, get_linewidth(series) / (sum(gr_plot_size) * 0.001)))
+                if plot_color(series[:linecolor]) == [plot_color(:black)]
+                    GR.contour(x, y, h, z, 0 + (series[:contour_labels] == true ? 1 : 0))
+                else
+                    GR.contour(x, y, h, z, 1000 + (series[:contour_labels] == true ? 1 : 0))
+                end
+            end
+
+            # create the colorbar of contour levels
+            if cmap
+                gr_set_line(1, :solid, yaxis[:foreground_color_axis])
+                gr_set_viewport_cmap(sp)
+                l = (length(h) > 1) ? round.(Int32, 1000 .+ (h .- ignorenan_minimum(h)) ./ (ignorenan_maximum(h) - ignorenan_minimum(h)) .* 255) : Int32[1000, 1255]
+                GR.setwindow(xmin, xmax, zmin, zmax)
+                GR.cellarray(xmin, xmax, zmax, zmin, 1, length(l), l)
+                ztick = 0.5 * GR.tick(zmin, zmax)
+                GR.axes(0, ztick, xmax, zmin, 0, 1, 0.005)
+                gr_set_viewport_plotarea()
            end

        elseif st in [:surface, :wireframe]
@@ -1065,22 +1082,13 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
                if length(x) == length(y) == length(z)
                    GR.trisurface(x, y, z)
                else
-                    try
-                        GR.gr3.surface(x, y, z, GR.OPTION_COLORED_MESH)
-                    catch
-                        GR.surface(x, y, z, GR.OPTION_COLORED_MESH)
-                    end
+                    GR.gr3.surface(x, y, z, GR.OPTION_COLORED_MESH)
                end
            else
                GR.setfillcolorind(0)
                GR.surface(x, y, z, GR.OPTION_FILLED_MESH)
            end

-        elseif st == :volume
-            sp[:legend] = :none
-            GR.gr3.clear()
-            dmin, dmax = GR.gr3.volume(y.v, 0)
-
        elseif st == :heatmap
            xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax = xy_lims
            zmin, zmax = clims
@@ -1091,10 +1099,10 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
            GR.setspace(zmin, zmax, 0, 90)
            grad = isa(series[:fillcolor], ColorGradient) ? series[:fillcolor] : cgrad()
            colors = [plot_color(grad[clamp((zi-zmin) / (zmax-zmin), 0, 1)], series[:fillalpha]) for zi=z]
-            rgba = map(c -> UInt32( round(UInt, alpha(c) * 255) << 24 +
-                                    round(UInt,  blue(c) * 255) << 16 +
-                                    round(UInt, green(c) * 255) << 8  +
-                                    round(UInt,   red(c) * 255) ), colors)
+            rgba = map(c -> UInt32( round(Int, alpha(c) * 255) << 24 +
+                                    round(Int,  blue(c) * 255) << 16 +
+                                    round(Int, green(c) * 255) << 8  +
+                                    round(Int,   red(c) * 255) ), colors)
            w, h = length(x), length(y)
            GR.drawimage(xmin, xmax, ymax, ymin, w, h, rgba)

@@ -1105,7 +1113,7 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
                    lz = series[:line_z]
                    segments = iter_segments(series)
                    for (i, rng) in enumerate(segments)
-                        gr_set_line(get_linewidth(series, i), get_linestyle(series, i), get_linecolor(series, clims, i)) #, series[:linealpha])
+                        gr_set_line(get_linewidth(series, i), get_linestyle(series, i), get_linecolor(series, i)) #, series[:linealpha])
                        gr_set_transparency(get_linealpha(series, i))
                        GR.polyline3d(x[rng], y[rng], z[rng])
                    end
@@ -1177,12 +1185,12 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
                    xseg, yseg = x[rng], y[rng]

                    # draw the interior
-                    gr_set_fill(get_fillcolor(series, clims, i))
+                    gr_set_fill(get_fillcolor(series, i))
                    gr_set_transparency(get_fillalpha(series, i))
                    GR.fillarea(xseg, yseg)

                    # draw the shapes
-                    gr_set_line(get_linewidth(series, i), get_linestyle(series, i), get_linecolor(series, clims, i))
+                    gr_set_line(get_linewidth(series, i), get_linestyle(series, i), get_linecolor(series, i))
                    gr_set_transparency(get_linealpha(series, i))
                    GR.polyline(xseg, yseg)
                end
@@ -1191,19 +1199,19 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)

        elseif st == :image
            z = transpose_z(series, series[:z].surf, true)'
-            w, h = size(z)
+            w, h = length(x), length(y)
            xinds = sort(1:w, rev = xaxis[:flip])
            yinds = sort(1:h, rev = yaxis[:flip])
            z = z[xinds, yinds]
            xmin, xmax = ignorenan_extrema(series[:x]); ymin, ymax = ignorenan_extrema(series[:y])
            if eltype(z) <: Colors.AbstractGray
-                grey = round.(UInt8, clamp.(float(z) * 255, 0, 255))
-                rgba = map(c -> UInt32( 0xff000000 + UInt(c)<<16 + UInt(c)<<8 + UInt(c) ), grey)
+                grey = round.(UInt8, float(z) * 255)
+                rgba = map(c -> UInt32( 0xff000000 + Int(c)<<16 + Int(c)<<8 + Int(c) ), grey)
            else
-                rgba = map(c -> UInt32( round(UInt, clamp(alpha(c) * 255, 0, 255)) << 24 +
-                                        round(UInt,  clamp(blue(c) * 255, 0, 255)) << 16 +
-                                        round(UInt, clamp(green(c) * 255, 0, 255)) << 8  +
-                                        round(UInt,   clamp(red(c) * 255, 0, 255)) ), z)
+                rgba = map(c -> UInt32( round(Int, alpha(c) * 255) << 24 +
+                                        round(Int,  blue(c) * 255) << 16 +
+                                        round(Int, green(c) * 255) << 8  +
+                                        round(Int,   red(c) * 255) ), z)
            end
            GR.drawimage(xmin, xmax, ymax, ymin, w, h, rgba)
        end
@@ -1215,11 +1223,16 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
            gr_text(GR.wctondc(xi, yi)..., str)
        end

+        # draw the colorbar
+        if cmap && st != :contour # special colorbar with steps is drawn for contours
+            gr_set_line(1, :solid, yaxis[:foreground_color_axis])
+            gr_set_transparency(1)
+            gr_colorbar(sp, clims)
+        end
+
        GR.restorestate()
    end

-    # draw the colorbar
-    hascolorbar(sp) && gr_colorbar(sp, clims, clevels)

    # add the legend
    if sp[:legend] != :none
@@ -1267,10 +1280,10 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
            for series in series_list(sp)
                should_add_to_legend(series) || continue
                st = series[:seriestype]
-                gr_set_line(get_linewidth(series), get_linestyle(series), get_linecolor(series, clims)) #, series[:linealpha])
+                gr_set_line(get_linewidth(series), get_linestyle(series), get_linecolor(series)) #, series[:linealpha])

                if (st == :shape || series[:fillrange] != nothing) && series[:ribbon] == nothing
-                    gr_set_fill(get_fillcolor(series, clims)) #, series[:fillalpha])
+                    gr_set_fill(get_fillcolor(series)) #, series[:fillalpha])
                    l, r = xpos-0.07, xpos-0.01
                    b, t = ypos-0.4dy, ypos+0.4dy
                    x = [l, r, r, l, l]
@@ -1278,7 +1291,7 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
                    gr_set_transparency(get_fillalpha(series))
                    gr_polyline(x, y, GR.fillarea)
                    gr_set_transparency(get_linealpha(series))
-                    gr_set_line(get_linewidth(series), get_linestyle(series), get_linecolor(series, clims))
+                    gr_set_line(get_linewidth(series), get_linestyle(series), get_linecolor(series))
                    st == :shape && gr_polyline(x, y)
                end

@@ -1292,7 +1305,7 @@ function gr_display(sp::Subplot{GRBackend}, w, h, viewport_canvas)
                end

                if series[:markershape] != :none
-                    gr_draw_markers(series, xpos - .035, ypos, clims, 6)
+                    gr_draw_markers(series, xpos - .035, ypos, 6, nothing)
                end

                if typeof(series[:label]) <: Array
@@ -16,21 +16,22 @@ Read from .hdf5 file using:

 #==TODO
 ===============================================================================
- 1. Support more features.
-    - GridLayout known not to be working.
- 2. Improve error handling.
+ 1. Support more features
+    - SeriesAnnotations & GridLayout known to be missing.
+ 3. Improve error handling.
    - Will likely crash if file format is off.
- 3. Save data in a folder parallel to "plot".
+ 2. Save data in a folder parallel to "plot".
    - Will make it easier for users to locate data.
    - Use HDF5 reference to link data?
- 4. Develop an actual versioned file format.
+ 3. Develop an actual versioned file format.
    - Should have some form of backward compatibility.
    - Should be reliable for archival purposes.
- 5. Fix construction of plot object with hdf5plot_read.
-    - Not building object correctly when backends do not natively support
-      a certain feature (ex: :steppre)
 ==#

+@require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" begin
+    Revise.track(Plots, joinpath(Pkg.dir("Plots"), "src", "backends", "hdf5.jl"))
+end
+
 import FixedPointNumbers: N0f8 #In core Julia

 #Dispatch types:
@@ -44,7 +45,6 @@ end

 #==Useful constants
 ===============================================================================#
-const _hdf5_nullable{T} = Union{T, Nothing}
 const _hdf5_plotroot = "plot"
 const _hdf5_dataroot = "data" #TODO: Eventually move data to different root (easier to locate)?
 const _hdf5plot_datatypeid = "TYPE" #Attribute identifying type
@@ -59,45 +59,61 @@ const HDF5PLOT_PLOTREF = HDF5Plot_PlotRef(nothing)

 #Simple sub-structures that can just be written out using _hdf5plot_gwritefields:
 const HDF5PLOT_SIMPLESUBSTRUCT = Union{Font, BoundingBox,
-	GridLayout, RootLayout, ColorGradient, SeriesAnnotations, PlotText,
-	Shape,
+	GridLayout, RootLayout, ColorGradient, SeriesAnnotations, PlotText
 }


 #==
 ===============================================================================#
+
+const _hdf5_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
+    :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_title,
+    :foreground_color_axis, :foreground_color_border, :foreground_color_guide, :foreground_color_text,
+    :label,
+    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
+    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
+    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
+    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
+    :bins, :bar_width, :bar_edges, :bar_position,
+    :title, :title_location, :titlefont,
+    :window_title,
+    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
+    :tickfont, :guidefont, :legendfont,
+    :grid, :legend, :colorbar,
+    :marker_z, :line_z, :fill_z,
+    :levels,
+    :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
+    :orientation,
+    :overwrite_figure,
+    :polar,
+    :normalize, :weights,
+    :contours, :aspect_ratio,
+    :match_dimensions,
+    :clims,
+    :inset_subplots,
+    :dpi,
+    :colorbar_title,
+  ])
+const _hdf5_seriestype = [
+        :path, :steppre, :steppost, :shape, :straightline,
+        :scatter, :hexbin, #:histogram2d, :histogram,
+        # :bar,
+        :heatmap, :pie, :image,
+        :contour, :contour3d, :path3d, :scatter3d, :surface, :wireframe
+    ]
+const _hdf5_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
+const _hdf5_marker = vcat(_allMarkers, :pixel)
+const _hdf5_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]
 is_marker_supported(::HDF5Backend, shape::Shape) = true

-if length(HDF5PLOT_MAP_TELEM2STR) < 1
-    #Possible element types of high-level data types:
-    telem2str = Dict{String, Type}(
-        "NATIVE" => HDF5PlotNative,
-        "VOID" => Nothing,
-        "BOOL" => Bool,
-        "SYMBOL" => Symbol,
-        "TUPLE" => Tuple,
-        "CTUPLE" => HDF5CTuple, #Tuple of complex structures
-        "RGBA" => ARGB{N0f8},
-        "EXTREMA" => Extrema,
-        "LENGTH" => Length,
-        "ARRAY" => Array, #Dict won't allow Array to be key in HDF5PLOT_MAP_TELEM2STR
-
-        #Sub-structure types:
-        "FONT" => Font,
-        "BOUNDINGBOX" => BoundingBox,
-        "GRIDLAYOUT" => GridLayout,
-        "ROOTLAYOUT" => RootLayout,
-        "SERIESANNOTATIONS" => SeriesAnnotations,
-        "PLOTTEXT" => PlotText,
-        "SHAPE" => Shape,
-        "COLORGRADIENT" => ColorGradient,
-        "AXIS" => Axis,
-        "SURFACE" => Surface,
-        "SUBPLOT" => Subplot,
-        "NULLABLE" => _hdf5_nullable,
-    )
-    merge!(HDF5PLOT_MAP_STR2TELEM, telem2str)
-    merge!(HDF5PLOT_MAP_TELEM2STR, Dict{Type, String}(v=>k for (k,v) in HDF5PLOT_MAP_STR2TELEM))
+function add_backend_string(::HDF5Backend)
+    """
+    if !Plots.is_installed("HDF5")
+        Pkg.add("HDF5")
+    end
+    """
 end


@@ -112,7 +128,7 @@ _hdf5_map_str2telem(v::Vector) = HDF5PLOT_MAP_STR2TELEM[v[1]]
 function _hdf5_merge!(dest::Dict, src::Dict)
    for (k, v) in src
        if isa(v, Axis)
-            _hdf5_merge!(dest[k].plotattributes, v.plotattributes)
+            _hdf5_merge!(dest[k].d, v.d)
        else
            dest[k] = v
        end
@@ -124,6 +140,44 @@ end
 #==
 ===============================================================================#

+function _initialize_backend(::HDF5Backend)
+    @eval begin
+        import HDF5
+        export HDF5
+        if length(HDF5PLOT_MAP_TELEM2STR) < 1
+            #Possible element types of high-level data types:
+            telem2str = Dict{String, Type}(
+                "NATIVE" => HDF5PlotNative,
+                "VOID" => Nothing,
+                "BOOL" => Bool,
+                "SYMBOL" => Symbol,
+                "TUPLE" => Tuple,
+                "CTUPLE" => HDF5CTuple, #Tuple of complex structures
+                "RGBA" => ARGB{N0f8},
+                "EXTREMA" => Extrema,
+                "LENGTH" => Length,
+                "ARRAY" => Array, #Dict won't allow Array to be key in HDF5PLOT_MAP_TELEM2STR
+
+                #Sub-structure types:
+                "FONT" => Font,
+                "BOUNDINGBOX" => BoundingBox,
+                "GRIDLAYOUT" => GridLayout,
+                "ROOTLAYOUT" => RootLayout,
+                "SERIESANNOTATIONS" => SeriesAnnotations,
+#                "PLOTTEXT" => PlotText,
+                "COLORGRADIENT" => ColorGradient,
+                "AXIS" => Axis,
+                "SURFACE" => Surface,
+                "SUBPLOT" => Subplot,
+                "NULLABLE" => Nullable,
+            )
+            merge!(HDF5PLOT_MAP_STR2TELEM, telem2str)
+            merge!(HDF5PLOT_MAP_TELEM2STR, Dict{Type, String}(v=>k for (k,v) in HDF5PLOT_MAP_STR2TELEM))
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

 # Create the window/figure for this backend.
 function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{HDF5Backend})
@@ -179,7 +233,7 @@ end

 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

-# Override this to update plot items (title, xlabel, etc), and add annotations (plotattributes[:annotations])
+# Override this to update plot items (title, xlabel, etc), and add annotations (d[:annotations])
 function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{HDF5Backend})
    #Do nothing
 end
@@ -190,7 +244,7 @@ end
 function _display(plt::Plot{HDF5Backend})
    msg = "HDF5 interface does not support `display()` function."
    msg *= "\nUse `Plots.hdf5plot_write(::String)` method to write to .HDF5 \"plot\" file instead."
-    @warn(msg)
+    warn(msg)
    return
 end

@@ -235,7 +289,7 @@ function _hdf5plot_writecount(grp, n::Int) #Write directly to group
 end
 function _hdf5plot_gwritefields(grp, k::String, v)
    grp = HDF5.g_create(grp, k)
-    for _k in fieldnames(typeof(v))
+    for _k in fieldnames(v)
        _v = getfield(v, _k)
        kstr = string(_k)
        _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, kstr, _v)
@@ -248,14 +302,6 @@ end
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

 function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v) #Default
-    T = typeof(v)
-    if !(T <: Number || T <: String)
-        tstr = string(T)
-        path = HDF5.name(grp) * "/" * k
-        @info("Type not supported: $tstr\npath: $path")
-#        @show v
-        return
-    end
    grp[k] = v
    _hdf5plot_writetype(grp, k, HDF5PlotNative)
 end
@@ -266,7 +312,7 @@ end
 #=
 function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Array{Any})
 #    @show grp, k
-    @warn("Cannot write Array: $k=$v")
+    warn("Cannot write Array: $k=$v")
 end
 =#
 function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Nothing)
@@ -295,8 +341,8 @@ function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Tuple)
    end
    #NOTE: _hdf5plot_overwritetype overwrites "Array" type with "Tuple".
 end
-function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, plotattributes::Dict)
-#    @warn("Cannot write dict: $k=$plotattributes")
+function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, d::Dict)
+#    warn("Cannot write dict: $k=$d")
 end
 function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::AbstractRange)
    _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k, collect(v)) #For now
@@ -310,16 +356,19 @@ function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Colorant)
 end
 #Custom vector (when not using simple numeric type):
 function _hdf5plot_gwritearray(grp, k::String, v::Array{T}) where T
+    if "annotations" == k;
+        return #Hack.  Does not yet support annotations.
+    end
+
    vgrp = HDF5.g_create(grp, k)
    _hdf5plot_writetype(vgrp, Array) #ANY
    sz = size(v)
-    lidx = LinearIndices(sz)

    for iter in eachindex(v)
-        coord = lidx[iter]
+        coord = LinearIndices(sz, iter)
        elem = v[iter]
        idxstr = join(coord, "_")
-        _hdf5plot_gwrite(vgrp, "v$idxstr", elem)
+        _hdf5plot_gwrite(vgrp, "v$idxstr", v[iter])
    end

    _hdf5plot_gwrite(vgrp, "dim", [sz...])
@@ -348,7 +397,7 @@ function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::HDF5PLOT_SIMPLESUBSTRUCT)
 end
 function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Axis)
    grp = HDF5.g_create(grp, k)
-    for (_k, _v) in v.plotattributes
+    for (_k, _v) in v.d
        kstr = string(_k)
        _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, kstr, _v)
    end
@@ -361,7 +410,7 @@ function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Surface)
 	_hdf5plot_writetype(grp, Surface)
 end
 # #TODO: "Properly" support Nullable using _hdf5plot_writetype?
-# function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::_hdf5_nullable)
+# function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Nullable)
 #     if isnull(v)
 #         _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k, nothing)
 #     else
@@ -370,14 +419,18 @@ end
 #     return
 # end

+function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::SeriesAnnotations)
+    #Currently no support for SeriesAnnotations
+    return
+end
 function _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, k::String, v::Subplot)
    grp = HDF5.g_create(grp, k)
    _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, "index", v[:subplot_index])
    _hdf5plot_writetype(grp, Subplot)
    return
 end
-function _hdf5plot_write(grp, plotattributes::Dict)
-    for (k, v) in plotattributes
+function _hdf5plot_write(grp, d::Dict)
+    for (k, v) in d
        kstr = string(k)
        _hdf5plot_gwrite(grp, kstr, v)
    end
@@ -395,7 +448,7 @@ function _hdf5plot_write(sp::Subplot{HDF5Backend}, subpath::String, f)
    _hdf5plot_writecount(grp, length(sp.series_list))
    for (i, series) in enumerate(sp.series_list)
        grp = HDF5.g_create(f, _hdf5_plotelempath("$subpath/series_list/series$i"))
-        _hdf5plot_write(grp, series.plotattributes)
+        _hdf5plot_write(grp, series.d)
    end

    return
@@ -474,11 +527,10 @@ function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Array}, dtid) #ANY
    sz = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "dim")
    if [0] == sz; return []; end
    sz = tuple(sz...)
-    result = Array{Any}(undef, sz)
-    lidx = LinearIndices(sz)
+    result = Array{Any}(sz)

    for iter in eachindex(result)
-        coord = lidx[iter]
+        coord = LinearIndices(sz, iter)
        idxstr = join(coord, "_")
        result[iter] = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "v$idxstr")
    end
@@ -492,29 +544,6 @@ function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{HDF5CTuple}, dtid)
    v = _hdf5plot_read(grp, k, Array, dtid)
    return tuple(v...)
 end
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{PlotText}, dtid)
-    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)
-
-    str = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "str")
-    font = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "font")
-    return PlotText(str, font)
-end
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{SeriesAnnotations}, dtid)
-    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)
-
-    strs = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "strs")
-    font = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "font")
-    baseshape = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "baseshape")
-    scalefactor = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "scalefactor")
-    return SeriesAnnotations(strs, font, baseshape, scalefactor)
-end
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{Shape}, dtid)
-    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)
-
-    x = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "x")
-    y = _hdf5plot_read(grp, "y")
-    return Shape(x, y)
-end
 function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String, T::Type{ColorGradient}, dtid)
    grp = HDF5.g_open(grp, k)

@@ -566,17 +595,17 @@ function _hdf5plot_read(grp, k::String)
    return _hdf5plot_read(grp, k, T, dtid)
 end

-#Read in values in group to populate plotattributes:
-function _hdf5plot_read(grp, plotattributes::Dict)
+#Read in values in group to populate d:
+function _hdf5plot_read(grp, d::Dict)
    gnames = names(grp)
    for k in gnames
        try
            v = _hdf5plot_read(grp, k)
-            plotattributes[Symbol(k)] = v
+            d[Symbol(k)] = v
        catch e
            @show e
            @show grp
-            @warn("Could not read field $k")
+            warn("Could not read field $k")
        end
    end
    return
@@ -588,6 +617,11 @@ end
 function _hdf5plot_read(sp::Subplot, subpath::String, f)
    f = f::HDF5.HDF5File #Assert

+    grp = HDF5.g_open(f, _hdf5_plotelempath("$subpath/attr"))
+    kwlist = KW()
+    _hdf5plot_read(grp, kwlist)
+    _hdf5_merge!(sp.attr, kwlist)
+
    grp = HDF5.g_open(f, _hdf5_plotelempath("$subpath/series_list"))
    nseries = _hdf5plot_readcount(grp)

@@ -596,15 +630,9 @@ function _hdf5plot_read(sp::Subplot, subpath::String, f)
        kwlist = KW()
        _hdf5plot_read(grp, kwlist)
        plot!(sp, kwlist[:x], kwlist[:y]) #Add data & create data structures
-        _hdf5_merge!(sp.series_list[end].plotattributes, kwlist)
+        _hdf5_merge!(sp.series_list[end].d, kwlist)
    end

-    #Perform after adding series... otherwise values get overwritten:
-    grp = HDF5.g_open(f, _hdf5_plotelempath("$subpath/attr"))
-    kwlist = KW()
-    _hdf5plot_read(grp, kwlist)
-    _hdf5_merge!(sp.attr, kwlist)
-
    return
 end

@@ -13,7 +13,64 @@ Add in functionality to Plots.jl:
    :aspect_ratio,
 =#

+@require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" begin
+    Revise.track(Plots, joinpath(Pkg.dir("Plots"), "src", "backends", "inspectdr.jl"))
+end
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#TODO: remove features
+const _inspectdr_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
+    # :foreground_color_grid,
+    :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_title,
+    :foreground_color_axis, :foreground_color_border, :foreground_color_guide, :foreground_color_text,
+    :label,
+    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
+    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
+    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
+    :markerstrokestyle, #Causes warning not to have it... what is this?
+    :fillcolor, :fillalpha, #:fillrange,
+#    :bins, :bar_width, :bar_edges, :bar_position,
+    :title, :title_location,
+    :window_title,
+    :guide, :lims, :scale, #:ticks, :flip, :rotation,
+    :titlefontfamily, :titlefontsize, :titlefontcolor,
+    :legendfontfamily, :legendfontsize, :legendfontcolor,
+    :tickfontfamily, :tickfontsize, :tickfontcolor,
+    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefontcolor,
+    :grid, :legend, #:colorbar,
+#    :marker_z,
+#    :line_z,
+#    :levels,
+ #   :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
+#    :orientation,
+    :overwrite_figure,
+    :polar,
+#    :normalize, :weights,
+#    :contours, :aspect_ratio,
+    :match_dimensions,
+#    :clims,
+#    :inset_subplots,
+    :dpi,
+#    :colorbar_title,
+  ])
+const _inspectdr_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
+const _inspectdr_seriestype = [
+        :path, :scatter, :shape, :straightline, #, :steppre, :steppost
+    ]
+#see: _allMarkers, _shape_keys
+const _inspectdr_marker = Symbol[
+    :none, :auto,
+    :circle, :rect, :diamond,
+    :cross, :xcross,
+    :utriangle, :dtriangle, :rtriangle, :ltriangle,
+    :pentagon, :hexagon, :heptagon, :octagon,
+    :star4, :star5, :star6, :star7, :star8,
+    :vline, :hline, :+, :x,
+]
+
+const _inspectdr_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]

 is_marker_supported(::InspectDRBackend, shape::Shape) = true

@@ -95,23 +152,37 @@ end

 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

-#Glyph used when plotting "Shape"s:
-INSPECTDR_GLYPH_SHAPE = InspectDR.GlyphPolyline(
-    2*InspectDR.GLYPH_SQUARE.x, InspectDR.GLYPH_SQUARE.y
-)
-
-mutable struct InspecDRPlotRef
-    mplot::Union{Nothing, InspectDR.Multiplot}
-    gui::Union{Nothing, InspectDR.GtkPlot}
+function add_backend_string(::InspectDRBackend)
+    """
+    if !Plots.is_installed("InspectDR")
+        Pkg.add("InspectDR")
+    end
+    """
 end

-_inspectdr_getmplot(::Any) = nothing
-_inspectdr_getmplot(r::InspecDRPlotRef) = r.mplot
+function _initialize_backend(::InspectDRBackend; kw...)
+    @eval begin
+        import InspectDR
+        export InspectDR

-_inspectdr_getgui(::Any) = nothing
-_inspectdr_getgui(gplot::InspectDR.GtkPlot) = (gplot.destroyed ? nothing : gplot)
-_inspectdr_getgui(r::InspecDRPlotRef) = _inspectdr_getgui(r.gui)
-push!(_initialized_backends, :inspectdr)
+        #Glyph used when plotting "Shape"s:
+        INSPECTDR_GLYPH_SHAPE = InspectDR.GlyphPolyline(
+            2*InspectDR.GLYPH_SQUARE.x, InspectDR.GLYPH_SQUARE.y
+        )
+
+        mutable struct InspecDRPlotRef
+            mplot::Union{Nothing, InspectDR.Multiplot}
+            gui::Union{Nothing, InspectDR.GtkPlot}
+        end
+
+        _inspectdr_getmplot(::Any) = nothing
+        _inspectdr_getmplot(r::InspecDRPlotRef) = r.mplot
+
+        _inspectdr_getgui(::Any) = nothing
+        _inspectdr_getgui(gplot::InspectDR.GtkPlot) = (gplot.destroyed ? nothing : gplot)
+        _inspectdr_getgui(r::InspecDRPlotRef) = _inspectdr_getgui(r.gui)
+    end
+end

 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

@@ -207,10 +278,8 @@ For st in :shape:
            nmax = i
            if length(rng) > 1
                linewidth = series[:linewidth]
-                c = plot_color(get_linecolor(series), get_linealpha(series))
-                linecolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(c, i))
-                c = plot_color(get_fillcolor(series), get_fillalpha(series))
-                fillcolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(c, i))
+                linecolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(series[:linecolor], i))
+                fillcolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(series[:fillcolor], i))
                line = InspectDR.line(
                    style=:solid, width=linewidth, color=linecolor
                )
@@ -224,10 +293,8 @@ For st in :shape:
        i = (nmax >= 2 ? div(nmax, 2) : nmax) #Must pick one set of colors for legend
        if i > 1 #Add dummy waveform for legend entry:
            linewidth = series[:linewidth]
-            c = plot_color(get_linecolor(series), get_linealpha(series))
-            linecolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(c, i))
-            c = plot_color(get_fillcolor(series), get_fillalpha(series))
-            fillcolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(c, i))
+            linecolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(series[:linecolor], i))
+            fillcolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(_cycle(series[:fillcolor], i))
            wfrm = InspectDR.add(plot, Float64[], Float64[], id=series[:label])
            wfrm.line = InspectDR.line(
                style=:none, width=linewidth, #linewidth affects glyph
@@ -246,7 +313,7 @@ For st in :shape:
        wfrm.line = InspectDR.line(
            style = _style,
            width = series[:linewidth],
-            color = plot_color(get_linecolor(series), get_linealpha(series)),
+            color = series[:linecolor],
        )
        #InspectDR does not control markerstrokewidth independently.
        if :none == _style
@@ -256,8 +323,8 @@ For st in :shape:
        wfrm.glyph = InspectDR.glyph(
            shape = _inspectdr_mapglyph(series[:markershape]),
            size = _inspectdr_mapglyphsize(series[:markersize]),
-            color = _inspectdr_mapcolor(plot_color(series[:markerstrokecolor], series[:markerstrokealpha])),
-            fillcolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(plot_color(series[:markercolor], series[:markeralpha])),
+            color = _inspectdr_mapcolor(series[:markerstrokecolor]),
+            fillcolor = _inspectdr_mapcolor(series[:markercolor]),
        )
    end

@@ -408,7 +475,7 @@ end

 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

-# Override this to update plot items (title, xlabel, etc), and add annotations (plotattributes[:annotations])
+# Override this to update plot items (title, xlabel, etc), and add annotations (d[:annotations])
 function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{InspectDRBackend})
    mplot = _inspectdr_getmplot(plt.o)
    if nothing == mplot; return; end
@@ -2,6 +2,68 @@

 # significant contributions by: @pkofod

+@require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" begin
+    Revise.track(Plots, joinpath(Pkg.dir("Plots"), "src", "backends", "pgfplots.jl"))
+end
+
+const _pgfplots_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :background_color_legend,
+    :background_color_inside,
+    # :background_color_outside,
+    # :foreground_color_legend,
+    :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_axis,
+    :foreground_color_text, :foreground_color_border,
+    :label,
+    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
+    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
+    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
+    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha, :markerstrokestyle,
+    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
+    :bins,
+    # :bar_width, :bar_edges,
+    :title,
+    # :window_title,
+    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
+    :tickfont, :guidefont, :legendfont,
+    :grid, :legend,
+    :colorbar,
+    :fill_z, :line_z, :marker_z, :levels,
+    # :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
+    # :orientation,
+    # :overwrite_figure,
+    :polar,
+    # :normalize, :weights, :contours,
+    :aspect_ratio,
+    # :match_dimensions,
+    :tick_direction,
+    :framestyle,
+    :camera,
+    :contour_labels,
+  ])
+const _pgfplots_seriestype = [:path, :path3d, :scatter, :steppre, :stepmid, :steppost, :histogram2d, :ysticks, :xsticks, :contour, :shape, :straightline,]
+const _pgfplots_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot, :dashdotdot]
+const _pgfplots_marker = [:none, :auto, :circle, :rect, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle, :cross, :xcross, :star5, :pentagon, :hline] #vcat(_allMarkers, Shape)
+const _pgfplots_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function add_backend_string(::PGFPlotsBackend)
+    """
+    Pkg.add("PGFPlots")
+    Pkg.build("PGFPlots")
+    """
+end
+
+function _initialize_backend(::PGFPlotsBackend; kw...)
+    @eval begin
+        import PGFPlots
+        export PGFPlots
+    end
+end
+
+
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 const _pgfplots_linestyles = KW(
@@ -26,8 +88,7 @@ const _pgfplots_markers = KW(
    :star6 => "asterisk",
    :diamond => "diamond*",
    :pentagon => "pentagon*",
-    :hline => "-",
-    :vline => "|"
+    :hline => "-"
 )

 const _pgfplots_legend_pos = KW(
@@ -63,7 +124,7 @@ function pgf_framestyle(style::Symbol)
        return style
    else
        default_style = get(_pgf_framestyle_defaults, style, :axes)
-        @warn("Framestyle :$style is not (yet) supported by the PGFPlots backend. :$default_style was cosen instead.")
+        warn("Framestyle :$style is not (yet) supported by the PGFPlots backend. :$default_style was cosen instead.")
        default_style
    end
 end
@@ -93,9 +154,9 @@ pgf_thickness_scaling(plt::Plot) = plt[:thickness_scaling]
 pgf_thickness_scaling(sp::Subplot) = pgf_thickness_scaling(sp.plt)
 pgf_thickness_scaling(series) = pgf_thickness_scaling(series[:subplot])

-function pgf_fillstyle(plotattributes, i = 1)
-    cstr,a = pgf_color(get_fillcolor(plotattributes, i))
-    fa = get_fillalpha(plotattributes, i)
+function pgf_fillstyle(d, i = 1)
+    cstr,a = pgf_color(get_fillcolor(d, i))
+    fa = get_fillalpha(d, i)
    if fa != nothing
        a = fa
    end
@@ -111,11 +172,11 @@ function pgf_linestyle(linewidth::Real, color, α = 1, linestyle = "solid")
    $(get(_pgfplots_linestyles, linestyle, "solid"))"""
 end

-function pgf_linestyle(plotattributes, i = 1)
-    lw = pgf_thickness_scaling(plotattributes) * get_linewidth(plotattributes, i)
-    lc = get_linecolor(plotattributes, i)
-    la = get_linealpha(plotattributes, i)
-    ls = get_linestyle(plotattributes, i)
+function pgf_linestyle(d, i = 1)
+    lw = pgf_thickness_scaling(d) * get_linewidth(d, i)
+    lc = get_linecolor(d, i)
+    la = get_linealpha(d, i)
+    ls = get_linestyle(d, i)
    return pgf_linestyle(lw, lc, la, ls)
 end

@@ -124,19 +185,19 @@ function pgf_font(fontsize, thickness_scaling = 1, font = "\\selectfont")
    return string("{\\fontsize{", fs, " pt}{", 1.3fs, " pt}", font, "}")
 end

-function pgf_marker(plotattributes, i = 1)
-    shape = _cycle(plotattributes[:markershape], i)
-    cstr, a = pgf_color(plot_color(get_markercolor(plotattributes, i), get_markeralpha(plotattributes, i)))
-    cstr_stroke, a_stroke = pgf_color(plot_color(get_markerstrokecolor(plotattributes, i), get_markerstrokealpha(plotattributes, i)))
+function pgf_marker(d, i = 1)
+    shape = _cycle(d[:markershape], i)
+    cstr, a = pgf_color(plot_color(get_markercolor(d, i), get_markeralpha(d, i)))
+    cstr_stroke, a_stroke = pgf_color(plot_color(get_markerstrokecolor(d, i), get_markerstrokealpha(d, i)))
    """
    mark = $(get(_pgfplots_markers, shape, "*")),
-    mark size = $(pgf_thickness_scaling(plotattributes) * 0.5 * _cycle(plotattributes[:markersize], i)),
+    mark size = $(pgf_thickness_scaling(d) * 0.5 * _cycle(d[:markersize], i)),
    mark options = {
        color = $cstr_stroke, draw opacity = $a_stroke,
        fill = $cstr, fill opacity = $a,
-        line width = $(pgf_thickness_scaling(plotattributes) * _cycle(plotattributes[:markerstrokewidth], i)),
+        line width = $(pgf_thickness_scaling(d) * _cycle(d[:markerstrokewidth], i)),
        rotate = $(shape == :dtriangle ? 180 : 0),
-        $(get(_pgfplots_linestyles, _cycle(plotattributes[:markerstrokestyle], i), "solid"))
+        $(get(_pgfplots_linestyles, _cycle(d[:markerstrokestyle], i), "solid"))
    }"""
 end

@@ -157,24 +218,24 @@ end
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 function pgf_series(sp::Subplot, series::Series)
-    plotattributes = series.plotattributes
-    st = plotattributes[:seriestype]
+    d = series.d
+    st = d[:seriestype]
    series_collection = PGFPlots.Plot[]

    # function args
    args = if st == :contour
-        plotattributes[:z].surf, plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y]
+        d[:z].surf, d[:x], d[:y]
    elseif is3d(st)
-        plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y], plotattributes[:z]
+        d[:x], d[:y], d[:z]
    elseif st == :straightline
        straightline_data(series)
    elseif st == :shape
        shape_data(series)
    elseif ispolar(sp)
-        theta, r = filter_radial_data(plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y], axis_limits(sp[:yaxis]))
+        theta, r = filter_radial_data(d[:x], d[:y], axis_limits(sp[:yaxis]))
        rad2deg.(theta), r
    else
-        plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y]
+        d[:x], d[:y]
    end

    # PGFPlots can't handle non-Vector?
@@ -187,8 +248,8 @@ function pgf_series(sp::Subplot, series::Series)
    if st in (:contour, :histogram2d)
        style = []
        kw = KW()
-        push!(style, pgf_linestyle(plotattributes))
-        push!(style, pgf_marker(plotattributes))
+        push!(style, pgf_linestyle(d))
+        push!(style, pgf_marker(d))
        push!(style, "forget plot")

        kw[:style] = join(style, ',')
@@ -207,21 +268,21 @@ function pgf_series(sp::Subplot, series::Series)
        for (i, rng) in enumerate(segments)
            style = []
            kw = KW()
-            push!(style, pgf_linestyle(plotattributes, i))
-            push!(style, pgf_marker(plotattributes, i))
+            push!(style, pgf_linestyle(d, i))
+            push!(style, pgf_marker(d, i))

            if st == :shape
-                push!(style, pgf_fillstyle(plotattributes, i))
+                push!(style, pgf_fillstyle(d, i))
            end

            # add to legend?
            if i == 1 && sp[:legend] != :none && should_add_to_legend(series)
-                if plotattributes[:fillrange] != nothing
+                if d[:fillrange] != nothing
                    push!(style, "forget plot")
-                    push!(series_collection, pgf_fill_legend_hack(plotattributes, args))
+                    push!(series_collection, pgf_fill_legend_hack(d, args))
                else
-                    kw[:legendentry] = plotattributes[:label]
-                    if st == :shape # || plotattributes[:fillrange] != nothing
+                    kw[:legendentry] = d[:label]
+                    if st == :shape # || d[:fillrange] != nothing
                        push!(style, "area legend")
                    end
                end
@@ -288,16 +349,16 @@ function pgf_fillrange_args(fillrange, x, y, z)
    return x_fill, y_fill, z_fill
 end

-function pgf_fill_legend_hack(plotattributes, args)
+function pgf_fill_legend_hack(d, args)
    style = []
    kw = KW()
-    push!(style, pgf_linestyle(plotattributes, 1))
-    push!(style, pgf_marker(plotattributes, 1))
-    push!(style, pgf_fillstyle(plotattributes, 1))
+    push!(style, pgf_linestyle(d, 1))
+    push!(style, pgf_marker(d, 1))
+    push!(style, pgf_fillstyle(d, 1))
    push!(style, "area legend")
-    kw[:legendentry] = plotattributes[:label]
+    kw[:legendentry] = d[:label]
    kw[:style] = join(style, ',')
-    st = plotattributes[:seriestype]
+    st = d[:seriestype]
    func = if st == :path3d
        PGFPlots.Linear3
    elseif st == :scatter
@@ -324,17 +385,9 @@ function pgf_axis(sp::Subplot, letter)
    # axis guide
    kw[Symbol(letter,:label)] = axis[:guide]

-    # axis label position
-    labelpos = ""
-    if letter == :x && axis[:guide_position] == :top
-        labelpos = "at={(0.5,1)},above,"
-    elseif letter == :y && axis[:guide_position] == :right
-        labelpos = "at={(1,0.5)},below,"
-    end
-
    # Add label font
    cstr, α = pgf_color(plot_color(axis[:guidefontcolor]))
-    push!(style, string(letter, "label style = {", labelpos ,"font = ", pgf_font(axis[:guidefontsize], pgf_thickness_scaling(sp)), ", color = ", cstr, ", draw opacity = ", α, ", rotate = ", axis[:guidefontrotation], "}"))
+    push!(style, string(letter, "label style = {font = ", pgf_font(axis[:guidefontsize], pgf_thickness_scaling(sp)), ", color = ", cstr, ", draw opacity = ", α, ", rotate = ", axis[:guidefontrotation], "}"))

    # flip/reverse?
    axis[:flip] && push!(style, "$letter dir=reverse")
@@ -373,7 +426,7 @@ function pgf_axis(sp::Subplot, letter)
        push!(style, string(letter, "tick = {", join(tick_values,","), "}"))
        if axis[:showaxis] && axis[:scale] in (:ln, :log2, :log10) && axis[:ticks] == :auto
            # wrap the power part of label with }
-            tick_labels = Vector{String}(undef, length(ticks[2]))
+            tick_labels = Vector{String}(length(ticks[2]))
            for (i, label) in enumerate(ticks[2])
                base, power = split(label, "^")
                power = string("{", power, "}")
@@ -384,7 +437,7 @@ function pgf_axis(sp::Subplot, letter)
            tick_labels = ispolar(sp) && letter == :x ? [ticks[2][3:end]..., "0", "45"] : ticks[2]
            if axis[:formatter] in (:scientific, :auto)
                tick_labels = string.("\$", convert_sci_unicode.(tick_labels), "\$")
-                tick_labels = replace.(tick_labels, Ref("×" => "\\times"))
+                tick_labels = replace.(tick_labels, "×", "\\times")
            end
            push!(style, string(letter, "ticklabels = {", join(tick_labels,","), "}"))
        else
@@ -406,7 +459,7 @@ function pgf_axis(sp::Subplot, letter)
    if framestyle == :zerolines
        push!(style, string("extra ", letter, " ticks = 0"))
        push!(style, string("extra ", letter, " tick labels = "))
-        push!(style, string("extra ", letter, " tick style = {grid = major, major grid style = {", pgf_linestyle(pgf_thickness_scaling(sp), axis[:foreground_color_border], 1.0), "}}"))
+        push!(style, string("extra ", letter, " tick style = {grid = major, major grid style = {", pgf_linestyle(pgf_thickness_scaling(sp), axis[:foreground_color_axis], 1.0), "}}"))
    end

    if !axis[:showaxis]
@@ -415,7 +468,7 @@ function pgf_axis(sp::Subplot, letter)
    if !axis[:showaxis] || framestyle in (:zerolines, :grid, :none)
        push!(style, string(letter, " axis line style = {draw opacity = 0}"))
    else
-        push!(style, string(letter, " axis line style = {", pgf_linestyle(pgf_thickness_scaling(sp), axis[:foreground_color_border], 1.0), "}"))
+        push!(style, string(letter, " axis line style = {", pgf_linestyle(pgf_thickness_scaling(sp), axis[:foreground_color_axis], 1.0), "}"))
    end

    # return the style list and KW args
@@ -503,8 +556,8 @@ function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{PGFPlotsBackend})
        # colormap this should not cause any problem.
        for series in series_list(sp)
            for col in (:markercolor, :fillcolor, :linecolor)
-                if typeof(series.plotattributes[col]) == ColorGradient
-                    push!(style,"colormap={plots}{$(pgf_colormap(series.plotattributes[col]))}")
+                if typeof(series.d[col]) == ColorGradient
+                    push!(style,"colormap={plots}{$(pgf_colormap(series.d[col]))}")

                    if sp[:colorbar] == :none
                        kw[:colorbar] = "false"
@@ -518,12 +571,11 @@ function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{PGFPlotsBackend})
        end
        @label colorbar_end

-        push!(style, "colorbar style={title=$(sp[:colorbar_title])}")
        o = axisf(; style = join(style, ","), kw...)

        # add the series object to the PGFPlots.Axis
        for series in series_list(sp)
-            push!.(Ref(o), pgf_series(sp, series))
+            push!.(o, pgf_series(sp, series))

            # add series annotations
            anns = series[:series_annotations]
@@ -564,7 +616,7 @@ end

 function _show(io::IO, mime::MIME"application/x-tex", plt::Plot{PGFPlotsBackend})
    fn = tempname()*".tex"
-    PGFPlots.save(fn, backend_object(plt), include_preamble=plt.attr[:tex_output_standalone])
+    PGFPlots.save(fn, backend_object(plt), include_preamble=false)
    write(io, read(open(fn), String))
 end

@@ -1,6 +1,64 @@

 # https://plot.ly/javascript/getting-started

+@require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" begin
+    Revise.track(Plots, joinpath(Pkg.dir("Plots"), "src", "backends", "plotly.jl"))
+end
+
+const _plotly_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
+    :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_guide,
+    :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_axis,
+    :foreground_color_text, :foreground_color_border,
+    :foreground_color_title,
+    :label,
+    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
+    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
+    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
+    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha, :markerstrokestyle,
+    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
+    :bins,
+    :title, :title_location,
+    :titlefontfamily, :titlefontsize, :titlefonthalign, :titlefontvalign,
+    :titlefontcolor,
+    :legendfontfamily, :legendfontsize, :legendfontcolor,
+    :tickfontfamily, :tickfontsize, :tickfontcolor,
+    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefontcolor,
+    :window_title,
+    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
+    :tickfont, :guidefont, :legendfont,
+    :grid, :gridalpha, :gridlinewidth,
+    :legend, :colorbar, :colorbar_title,
+    :marker_z, :fill_z, :line_z, :levels,
+    :ribbon, :quiver,
+    :orientation,
+    # :overwrite_figure,
+    :polar,
+    :normalize, :weights,
+    # :contours,
+    :aspect_ratio,
+    :hover,
+    :inset_subplots,
+    :bar_width,
+    :clims,
+    :framestyle,
+    :tick_direction,
+    :camera,
+    :contour_labels,
+  ])
+
+const _plotly_seriestype = [
+    :path, :scatter, :pie, :heatmap,
+    :contour, :surface, :wireframe, :path3d, :scatter3d, :shape, :scattergl,
+    :straightline
+]
+const _plotly_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
+const _plotly_marker = [
+    :none, :auto, :circle, :rect, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle,
+    :cross, :xcross, :pentagon, :hexagon, :octagon, :vline, :hline
+]
+const _plotly_scale = [:identity, :log10]
 is_subplot_supported(::PlotlyBackend) = true
 # is_string_supported(::PlotlyBackend) = true
 const _plotly_framestyles = [:box, :axes, :zerolines, :grid, :none]
@@ -10,23 +68,55 @@ function _plotly_framestyle(style::Symbol)
        return style
    else
        default_style = get(_plotly_framestyle_defaults, style, :axes)
-        @warn("Framestyle :$style is not supported by Plotly and PlotlyJS. :$default_style was cosen instead.")
+        warn("Framestyle :$style is not supported by Plotly and PlotlyJS. :$default_style was cosen instead.")
        default_style
    end
 end


 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-const plotly_remote_file_path = "https://cdn.plot.ly/plotly-latest.min.js"
+
+function add_backend_string(::PlotlyBackend)
+    """
+    Pkg.build("Plots")
+    """
+end


-# if isatom()
-#     import Atom
-#     Atom.@msg evaljs(_js_code)
-# end
-using UUIDs
+const _plotly_js_path = joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__), "..", "..", "deps", "plotly-latest.min.js")
+const _plotly_js_path_remote = "https://cdn.plot.ly/plotly-latest.min.js"
+
+function _initialize_backend(::PlotlyBackend; kw...)
+  @eval begin
+    _js_code = open(readstring, _plotly_js_path, "r")
+
+    # borrowed from https://github.com/plotly/plotly.py/blob/2594076e29584ede2d09f2aa40a8a195b3f3fc66/plotly/offline/offline.py#L64-L71 c/o @spencerlyon2
+    _js_script = """
+        <script type='text/javascript'>
+            define('plotly', function(require, exports, module) {
+                $(_js_code)
+            });
+            require(['plotly'], function(Plotly) {
+                window.Plotly = Plotly;
+            });
+        </script>
+    """
+
+    # if we're in IJulia call setupnotebook to load js and css
+    if isijulia()
+        display("text/html", _js_script)
+    end
+
+    # if isatom()
+    #     import Atom
+    #     Atom.@msg evaljs(_js_code)
+    # end
+
+  end
+  # TODO: other initialization
+end
+

-push!(_initialized_backends, :plotly)
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

 const _plotly_legend_pos = KW(
@@ -38,7 +128,7 @@ const _plotly_legend_pos = KW(
    :bottomright => [1., 0.],
    :topright => [1., 1.],
    :topleft => [0., 1.]
-)
+    )

 plotly_legend_pos(pos::Symbol) = get(_plotly_legend_pos, pos, [1.,1.])
 plotly_legend_pos(v::Tuple{S,T}) where {S<:Real, T<:Real} = v
@@ -72,7 +162,7 @@ function plotly_annotation_dict(x, y, ptxt::PlotText; xref="paper", yref="paper"
    ))
 end

-# function get_annotation_dict_for_arrow(plotattributes::KW, xyprev::Tuple, xy::Tuple, a::Arrow)
+# function get_annotation_dict_for_arrow(d::KW, xyprev::Tuple, xy::Tuple, a::Arrow)
 #     xdiff = xyprev[1] - xy[1]
 #     ydiff = xyprev[2] - xy[2]
 #     dist = sqrt(xdiff^2 + ydiff^2)
@@ -86,7 +176,7 @@ end
 #         # :ay => -40,
 #         :ax => 10xdiff / dist,
 #         :ay => -10ydiff / dist,
-#         :arrowcolor => rgba_string(plotattributes[:linecolor]),
+#         :arrowcolor => rgba_string(d[:linecolor]),
 #         :xref => "x",
 #         :yref => "y",
 #         :arrowsize => 10a.headwidth,
@@ -186,6 +276,11 @@ function plotly_axis(plt::Plot, axis::Axis, sp::Subplot)
        ax[:tickcolor] = framestyle in (:zerolines, :grid) || !axis[:showaxis] ? rgba_string(invisible()) : rgb_string(axis[:foreground_color_axis])
        ax[:linecolor] = rgba_string(axis[:foreground_color_axis])

+        # flip
+        if axis[:flip]
+            ax[:range] = reverse(ax[:range])
+        end
+
        # ticks
        if axis[:ticks] != :native
            ticks = get_ticks(axis)
@@ -203,10 +298,6 @@ function plotly_axis(plt::Plot, axis::Axis, sp::Subplot)
        ax[:showgrid] = false
    end

-    # flip
-    if axis[:flip]
-        ax[:range] = reverse(ax[:range])
-    end

    ax
 end
@@ -228,14 +319,14 @@ function plotly_polaraxis(axis::Axis)
 end

 function plotly_layout(plt::Plot)
-    plotattributes_out = KW()
+    d_out = KW()

    w, h = plt[:size]
-    plotattributes_out[:width], plotattributes_out[:height] = w, h
-    plotattributes_out[:paper_bgcolor] = rgba_string(plt[:background_color_outside])
-    plotattributes_out[:margin] = KW(:l=>0, :b=>20, :r=>0, :t=>20)
+    d_out[:width], d_out[:height] = w, h
+    d_out[:paper_bgcolor] = rgba_string(plt[:background_color_outside])
+    d_out[:margin] = KW(:l=>0, :b=>20, :r=>0, :t=>20)

-    plotattributes_out[:annotations] = KW[]
+    d_out[:annotations] = KW[]

    multiple_subplots = length(plt.subplots) > 1

@@ -256,10 +347,10 @@ function plotly_layout(plt::Plot)
            end
            titlex, titley = xy_mm_to_pcts(xmm, top(bbox(sp)), w*px, h*px)
            title_font = font(titlefont(sp), :top)
-            push!(plotattributes_out[:annotations], plotly_annotation_dict(titlex, titley, text(sp[:title], title_font)))
+            push!(d_out[:annotations], plotly_annotation_dict(titlex, titley, text(sp[:title], title_font)))
        end

-        plotattributes_out[:plot_bgcolor] = rgba_string(sp[:background_color_inside])
+        d_out[:plot_bgcolor] = rgba_string(sp[:background_color_inside])

        # set to supported framestyle
        sp[:framestyle] = _plotly_framestyle(sp[:framestyle])
@@ -268,7 +359,7 @@ function plotly_layout(plt::Plot)
        if is3d(sp)
            azim = sp[:camera][1] - 90 #convert azimuthal to match GR behaviour
            theta = 90 - sp[:camera][2] #spherical coordinate angle from z axis
-            plotattributes_out[:scene] = KW(
+            d_out[:scene] = KW(
                Symbol("xaxis$(spidx)") => plotly_axis(plt, sp[:xaxis], sp),
                Symbol("yaxis$(spidx)") => plotly_axis(plt, sp[:yaxis], sp),
                Symbol("zaxis$(spidx)") => plotly_axis(plt, sp[:zaxis], sp),
@@ -283,19 +374,19 @@ function plotly_layout(plt::Plot)
                ),
            )
        elseif ispolar(sp)
-            plotattributes_out[Symbol("angularaxis$(spidx)")] = plotly_polaraxis(sp[:xaxis])
-            plotattributes_out[Symbol("radialaxis$(spidx)")] = plotly_polaraxis(sp[:yaxis])
+            d_out[Symbol("angularaxis$(spidx)")] = plotly_polaraxis(sp[:xaxis])
+            d_out[Symbol("radialaxis$(spidx)")] = plotly_polaraxis(sp[:yaxis])
        else
-            plotattributes_out[Symbol("xaxis$(x_idx)")] = plotly_axis(plt, sp[:xaxis], sp)
+            d_out[Symbol("xaxis$(x_idx)")] = plotly_axis(plt, sp[:xaxis], sp)
            # don't allow yaxis to be reupdated/reanchored in a linked subplot
-            spidx == y_idx ? plotattributes_out[Symbol("yaxis$(y_idx)")] = plotly_axis(plt, sp[:yaxis], sp) : nothing
+            spidx == y_idx ? d_out[Symbol("yaxis$(y_idx)")] = plotly_axis(plt, sp[:yaxis], sp) : nothing
        end

        # legend
-        plotattributes_out[:showlegend] = sp[:legend] != :none
+        d_out[:showlegend] = sp[:legend] != :none
        xpos,ypos = plotly_legend_pos(sp[:legend])
        if sp[:legend] != :none
-            plotattributes_out[:legend] = KW(
+            d_out[:legend] = KW(
                :bgcolor  => rgba_string(sp[:background_color_legend]),
                :bordercolor => rgba_string(sp[:foreground_color_legend]),
                :font     => plotly_font(legendfont(sp)),
@@ -307,13 +398,13 @@ function plotly_layout(plt::Plot)

        # annotations
        for ann in sp[:annotations]
-            append!(plotattributes_out[:annotations], KW[plotly_annotation_dict(locate_annotation(sp, ann...)...; xref = "x$(x_idx)", yref = "y$(y_idx)")])
+            append!(d_out[:annotations], KW[plotly_annotation_dict(locate_annotation(sp, ann...)...; xref = "x$(x_idx)", yref = "y$(y_idx)")])
        end
        # series_annotations
        for series in series_list(sp)
            anns = series[:series_annotations]
            for (xi,yi,str,fnt) in EachAnn(anns, series[:x], series[:y])
-                push!(plotattributes_out[:annotations], plotly_annotation_dict(
+                push!(d_out[:annotations], plotly_annotation_dict(
                    xi,
                    yi,
                    PlotText(str,fnt); xref = "x$(x_idx)", yref = "y$(y_idx)")
@@ -326,24 +417,24 @@ function plotly_layout(plt::Plot)
        #     a = sargs[:arrow]
        #     if sargs[:seriestype] in (:path, :line) && typeof(a) <: Arrow
        #         add_arrows(sargs[:x], sargs[:y]) do xyprev, xy
-        #             push!(plotattributes_out[:annotations], get_annotation_dict_for_arrow(sargs, xyprev, xy, a))
+        #             push!(d_out[:annotations], get_annotation_dict_for_arrow(sargs, xyprev, xy, a))
        #         end
        #     end
        # end

        if ispolar(sp)
-            plotattributes_out[:direction] = "counterclockwise"
+            d_out[:direction] = "counterclockwise"
        end

-        plotattributes_out
+        d_out
    end

    # turn off hover if nothing's using it
-    if all(series -> series.plotattributes[:hover] in (false,:none), plt.series_list)
-        plotattributes_out[:hovermode] = "none"
+    if all(series -> series.d[:hover] in (false,:none), plt.series_list)
+        d_out[:hovermode] = "none"
    end

-    plotattributes_out
+    d_out
 end

 function plotly_layout_json(plt::Plot)
@@ -449,24 +540,21 @@ end
 as_gradient(grad::ColorGradient, α) = grad
 as_gradient(grad, α) = cgrad(alpha = α)

-# get a dictionary representing the series params (plotattributes is the Plots-dict, plotattributes_out is the Plotly-dict)
+# get a dictionary representing the series params (d is the Plots-dict, d_out is the Plotly-dict)
 function plotly_series(plt::Plot, series::Series)
    st = series[:seriestype]
-
-    sp = series[:subplot]
-    clims = get_clims(sp)
-
    if st == :shape
-        return plotly_series_shapes(plt, series, clims)
+        return plotly_series_shapes(plt, series)
    end

-    plotattributes_out = KW()
+    sp = series[:subplot]
+    d_out = KW()

    # these are the axes that the series should be mapped to
    x_idx, y_idx = plotly_link_indicies(plt, sp)
-    plotattributes_out[:xaxis] = "x$(x_idx)"
-    plotattributes_out[:yaxis] = "y$(y_idx)"
-    plotattributes_out[:showlegend] = should_add_to_legend(series)
+    d_out[:xaxis] = "x$(x_idx)"
+    d_out[:yaxis] = "y$(y_idx)"
+    d_out[:showlegend] = should_add_to_legend(series)

    if st == :straightline
        x, y = straightline_data(series)
@@ -479,7 +567,7 @@ function plotly_series(plt::Plot, series::Series)
        for (letter, data) in zip((:x, :y, :z), (x, y, z))
    )

-    plotattributes_out[:name] = series[:label]
+    d_out[:name] = series[:label]

    isscatter = st in (:scatter, :scatter3d, :scattergl)
    hasmarker = isscatter || series[:markershape] != :none
@@ -487,69 +575,70 @@ function plotly_series(plt::Plot, series::Series)
    hasfillrange = st in (:path, :scatter, :scattergl, :straightline) &&
        (isa(series[:fillrange], AbstractVector) || isa(series[:fillrange], Tuple))

-    plotattributes_out[:colorbar] = KW(:title => sp[:colorbar_title])
+    d_out[:colorbar] = KW(:title => sp[:colorbar_title])

+    clims = sp[:clims]
    if is_2tuple(clims)
-        plotattributes_out[:zmin], plotattributes_out[:zmax] = clims
+        d_out[:zmin], d_out[:zmax] = clims
    end

    # set the "type"
    if st in (:path, :scatter, :scattergl, :straightline, :path3d, :scatter3d)
-        return plotly_series_segments(series, plotattributes_out, x, y, z, clims)
+        return plotly_series_segments(series, d_out, x, y, z)

    elseif st == :heatmap
        x = heatmap_edges(x, sp[:xaxis][:scale])
        y = heatmap_edges(y, sp[:yaxis][:scale])
-        plotattributes_out[:type] = "heatmap"
-        plotattributes_out[:x], plotattributes_out[:y], plotattributes_out[:z] = x, y, z
-        plotattributes_out[:colorscale] = plotly_colorscale(series[:fillcolor], series[:fillalpha])
-        plotattributes_out[:showscale] = hascolorbar(sp)
+        d_out[:type] = "heatmap"
+        d_out[:x], d_out[:y], d_out[:z] = x, y, z
+        d_out[:colorscale] = plotly_colorscale(series[:fillcolor], series[:fillalpha])
+        d_out[:showscale] = hascolorbar(sp)

    elseif st == :contour
-        plotattributes_out[:type] = "contour"
-        plotattributes_out[:x], plotattributes_out[:y], plotattributes_out[:z] = x, y, z
-        # plotattributes_out[:showscale] = series[:colorbar] != :none
-        plotattributes_out[:ncontours] = series[:levels]
-        plotattributes_out[:contours] = KW(:coloring => series[:fillrange] != nothing ? "fill" : "lines", :showlabels => series[:contour_labels] == true)
-        plotattributes_out[:colorscale] = plotly_colorscale(series[:linecolor], series[:linealpha])
-        plotattributes_out[:showscale] = hascolorbar(sp)
+        d_out[:type] = "contour"
+        d_out[:x], d_out[:y], d_out[:z] = x, y, z
+        # d_out[:showscale] = series[:colorbar] != :none
+        d_out[:ncontours] = series[:levels]
+        d_out[:contours] = KW(:coloring => series[:fillrange] != nothing ? "fill" : "lines", :showlabels => series[:contour_labels] == true)
+        d_out[:colorscale] = plotly_colorscale(series[:linecolor], series[:linealpha])
+        d_out[:showscale] = hascolorbar(sp)

    elseif st in (:surface, :wireframe)
-        plotattributes_out[:type] = "surface"
-        plotattributes_out[:x], plotattributes_out[:y], plotattributes_out[:z] = x, y, z
+        d_out[:type] = "surface"
+        d_out[:x], d_out[:y], d_out[:z] = x, y, z
        if st == :wireframe
-            plotattributes_out[:hidesurface] = true
+            d_out[:hidesurface] = true
            wirelines = KW(
                :show => true,
                :color => rgba_string(plot_color(series[:linecolor], series[:linealpha])),
                :highlightwidth => series[:linewidth],
            )
-            plotattributes_out[:contours] = KW(:x => wirelines, :y => wirelines, :z => wirelines)
-            plotattributes_out[:showscale] = false
+            d_out[:contours] = KW(:x => wirelines, :y => wirelines, :z => wirelines)
+            d_out[:showscale] = false
        else
-            plotattributes_out[:colorscale] = plotly_colorscale(series[:fillcolor], series[:fillalpha])
-            plotattributes_out[:opacity] = series[:fillalpha]
+            d_out[:colorscale] = plotly_colorscale(series[:fillcolor], series[:fillalpha])
+            d_out[:opacity] = series[:fillalpha]
            if series[:fill_z] != nothing
-                plotattributes_out[:surfacecolor] = plotly_surface_data(series, series[:fill_z])
+                d_out[:surfacecolor] = plotly_surface_data(series, series[:fill_z])
            end
-            plotattributes_out[:showscale] = hascolorbar(sp)
+            d_out[:showscale] = hascolorbar(sp)
        end

    elseif st == :pie
-        plotattributes_out[:type] = "pie"
-        plotattributes_out[:labels] = pie_labels(sp, series)
-        plotattributes_out[:values] = y
-        plotattributes_out[:hoverinfo] = "label+percent+name"
+        d_out[:type] = "pie"
+        d_out[:labels] = pie_labels(sp, series)
+        d_out[:values] = y
+        d_out[:hoverinfo] = "label+percent+name"

    else
-        @warn("Plotly: seriestype $st isn't supported.")
+        warn("Plotly: seriestype $st isn't supported.")
        return KW()
    end

    # add "marker"
    if hasmarker
        inds = eachindex(x)
-        plotattributes_out[:marker] = KW(
+        d_out[:marker] = KW(
            :symbol => get(_plotly_markers, series[:markershape], string(series[:markershape])),
            # :opacity => series[:markeralpha],
            :size => 2 * _cycle(series[:markersize], inds),
@@ -561,22 +650,22 @@ function plotly_series(plt::Plot, series::Series)
        )
    end

-    plotly_polar!(plotattributes_out, series)
-    plotly_hover!(plotattributes_out, series[:hover])
+    plotly_polar!(d_out, series)
+    plotly_hover!(d_out, series[:hover])

-    return [plotattributes_out]
+    return [d_out]
 end

-function plotly_series_shapes(plt::Plot, series::Series, clims)
+function plotly_series_shapes(plt::Plot, series::Series)
    segments = iter_segments(series)
-    plotattributes_outs = Vector{KW}(undef, length(segments))
+    d_outs = Vector{KW}(length(segments))

-    # TODO: create a plotattributes_out for each polygon
+    # TODO: create a d_out for each polygon
    # x, y = series[:x], series[:y]

    # these are the axes that the series should be mapped to
    x_idx, y_idx = plotly_link_indicies(plt, series[:subplot])
-    plotattributes_base = KW(
+    d_base = KW(
        :xaxis => "x$(x_idx)",
        :yaxis => "y$(y_idx)",
        :name => series[:label],
@@ -591,37 +680,37 @@ function plotly_series_shapes(plt::Plot, series::Series, clims)
        length(rng) < 2 && continue

        # to draw polygons, we actually draw lines with fill
-        plotattributes_out = merge(plotattributes_base, KW(
+        d_out = merge(d_base, KW(
            :type => "scatter",
            :mode => "lines",
            :x => vcat(x[rng], x[rng[1]]),
            :y => vcat(y[rng], y[rng[1]]),
            :fill => "tozeroy",
-            :fillcolor => rgba_string(plot_color(get_fillcolor(series, clims, i), get_fillalpha(series, i))),
+            :fillcolor => rgba_string(plot_color(get_fillcolor(series, i), get_fillalpha(series, i))),
        ))
        if series[:markerstrokewidth] > 0
-            plotattributes_out[:line] = KW(
-                :color => rgba_string(plot_color(get_linecolor(series, clims, i), get_linealpha(series, i))),
+            d_out[:line] = KW(
+                :color => rgba_string(plot_color(get_linecolor(series, i), get_linealpha(series, i))),
                :width => get_linewidth(series, i),
                :dash => string(get_linestyle(series, i)),
            )
        end
-        plotattributes_out[:showlegend] = i==1 ? should_add_to_legend(series) : false
-        plotly_polar!(plotattributes_out, series)
-        plotly_hover!(plotattributes_out, _cycle(series[:hover], i))
-        plotattributes_outs[i] = plotattributes_out
+        d_out[:showlegend] = i==1 ? should_add_to_legend(series) : false
+        plotly_polar!(d_out, series)
+        plotly_hover!(d_out, _cycle(series[:hover], i))
+        d_outs[i] = d_out
    end
    if series[:fill_z] != nothing
-        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :fill))
+        push!(d_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, d_base, :fill))
    elseif series[:line_z] != nothing
-        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :line))
+        push!(d_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, d_base, :line))
    elseif series[:marker_z] != nothing
-        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :marker))
+        push!(d_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, d_base, :marker))
    end
-    plotattributes_outs
+    d_outs
 end

-function plotly_series_segments(series::Series, plotattributes_base::KW, x, y, z, clims)
+function plotly_series_segments(series::Series, d_base::KW, x, y, z)
    st = series[:seriestype]
    sp = series[:subplot]
    isscatter = st in (:scatter, :scatter3d, :scattergl)
@@ -631,51 +720,51 @@ function plotly_series_segments(series::Series, plotattributes_base::KW, x, y, z
        (isa(series[:fillrange], AbstractVector) || isa(series[:fillrange], Tuple))

    segments = iter_segments(series)
-    plotattributes_outs = Vector{KW}(undef, (hasfillrange ? 2 : 1 ) * length(segments))
+    d_outs = Vector{KW}((hasfillrange ? 2 : 1 ) * length(segments))

    for (i,rng) in enumerate(segments)
        !isscatter && length(rng) < 2 && continue

-        plotattributes_out = deepcopy(plotattributes_base)
-        plotattributes_out[:showlegend] = i==1 ? should_add_to_legend(series) : false
-        plotattributes_out[:legendgroup] = series[:label]
+        d_out = deepcopy(d_base)
+        d_out[:showlegend] = i==1 ? should_add_to_legend(series) : false
+        d_out[:legendgroup] = series[:label]

        # set the type
        if st in (:path, :scatter, :scattergl, :straightline)
-            plotattributes_out[:type] = st==:scattergl ? "scattergl" : "scatter"
-            plotattributes_out[:mode] = if hasmarker
+            d_out[:type] = st==:scattergl ? "scattergl" : "scatter"
+            d_out[:mode] = if hasmarker
                hasline ? "lines+markers" : "markers"
            else
                hasline ? "lines" : "none"
            end
            if series[:fillrange] == true || series[:fillrange] == 0 || isa(series[:fillrange], Tuple)
-                plotattributes_out[:fill] = "tozeroy"
-                plotattributes_out[:fillcolor] = rgba_string(plot_color(get_fillcolor(series, clims, i), get_fillalpha(series, i)))
+                d_out[:fill] = "tozeroy"
+                d_out[:fillcolor] = rgba_string(plot_color(get_fillcolor(series, i), get_fillalpha(series, i)))
            elseif typeof(series[:fillrange]) <: Union{AbstractVector{<:Real}, Real}
-                plotattributes_out[:fill] = "tonexty"
-                plotattributes_out[:fillcolor] = rgba_string(plot_color(get_fillcolor(series, clims, i), get_fillalpha(series, i)))
+                d_out[:fill] = "tonexty"
+                d_out[:fillcolor] = rgba_string(plot_color(get_fillcolor(series, i), get_fillalpha(series, i)))
            elseif !(series[:fillrange] in (false, nothing))
-                @warn("fillrange ignored... plotly only supports filling to zero and to a vector of values. fillrange: $(series[:fillrange])")
+                warn("fillrange ignored... plotly only supports filling to zero and to a vector of values. fillrange: $(series[:fillrange])")
            end
-            plotattributes_out[:x], plotattributes_out[:y] = x[rng], y[rng]
+            d_out[:x], d_out[:y] = x[rng], y[rng]

        elseif st in (:path3d, :scatter3d)
-            plotattributes_out[:type] = "scatter3d"
-            plotattributes_out[:mode] = if hasmarker
+            d_out[:type] = "scatter3d"
+            d_out[:mode] = if hasmarker
                hasline ? "lines+markers" : "markers"
            else
                hasline ? "lines" : "none"
            end
-            plotattributes_out[:x], plotattributes_out[:y], plotattributes_out[:z] = x[rng], y[rng], z[rng]
+            d_out[:x], d_out[:y], d_out[:z] = x[rng], y[rng], z[rng]
        end

        # add "marker"
        if hasmarker
-            plotattributes_out[:marker] = KW(
+            d_out[:marker] = KW(
                :symbol => get(_plotly_markers, _cycle(series[:markershape], i), string(_cycle(series[:markershape], i))),
                # :opacity => series[:markeralpha],
                :size => 2 * _cycle(series[:markersize], i),
-                :color => rgba_string(plot_color(get_markercolor(series, clims, i), get_markeralpha(series, i))),
+                :color => rgba_string(plot_color(get_markercolor(series, i), get_markeralpha(series, i))),
                :line => KW(
                    :color => rgba_string(plot_color(get_markerstrokecolor(series, i), get_markerstrokealpha(series, i))),
                    :width => _cycle(series[:markerstrokewidth], i),
@@ -685,8 +774,8 @@ function plotly_series_segments(series::Series, plotattributes_base::KW, x, y, z

        # add "line"
        if hasline
-            plotattributes_out[:line] = KW(
-                :color => rgba_string(plot_color(get_linecolor(series, clims, i), get_linealpha(series, i))),
+            d_out[:line] = KW(
+                :color => rgba_string(plot_color(get_linecolor(series, i), get_linealpha(series, i))),
                :width => get_linewidth(series, i),
                :shape => if st == :steppre
                    "vh"
@@ -699,14 +788,14 @@ function plotly_series_segments(series::Series, plotattributes_base::KW, x, y, z
            )
        end

-        plotly_polar!(plotattributes_out, series)
-        plotly_hover!(plotattributes_out, _cycle(series[:hover], rng))
+        plotly_polar!(d_out, series)
+        plotly_hover!(d_out, _cycle(series[:hover], rng))

        if hasfillrange
            # if hasfillrange is true, return two dictionaries (one for original
            # series, one for series being filled to) instead of one
-            plotattributes_out_fillrange = deepcopy(plotattributes_out)
-            plotattributes_out_fillrange[:showlegend] = false
+            d_out_fillrange = deepcopy(d_out)
+            d_out_fillrange[:showlegend] = false
            # if fillrange is provided as real or tuple of real, expand to array
            if typeof(series[:fillrange]) <: Real
                series[:fillrange] = fill(series[:fillrange], length(rng))
@@ -716,49 +805,49 @@ function plotly_series_segments(series::Series, plotattributes_base::KW, x, y, z
                series[:fillrange] = (f1, f2)
            end
            if isa(series[:fillrange], AbstractVector)
-                plotattributes_out_fillrange[:y] = series[:fillrange][rng]
-                delete!(plotattributes_out_fillrange, :fill)
-                delete!(plotattributes_out_fillrange, :fillcolor)
+                d_out_fillrange[:y] = series[:fillrange][rng]
+                delete!(d_out_fillrange, :fill)
+                delete!(d_out_fillrange, :fillcolor)
            else
-                # if fillrange is a tuple with upper and lower limit, plotattributes_out_fillrange
+                # if fillrange is a tuple with upper and lower limit, d_out_fillrange
                # is the series that will do the filling
                fillrng = Tuple(series[:fillrange][i][rng] for i in 1:2)
-                plotattributes_out_fillrange[:x], plotattributes_out_fillrange[:y] = concatenate_fillrange(x[rng], fillrng)
-                plotattributes_out_fillrange[:line][:width] = 0
-                delete!(plotattributes_out, :fill)
-                delete!(plotattributes_out, :fillcolor)
+                d_out_fillrange[:x], d_out_fillrange[:y] = concatenate_fillrange(x[rng], fillrng)
+                d_out_fillrange[:line][:width] = 0
+                delete!(d_out, :fill)
+                delete!(d_out, :fillcolor)
            end

-            plotattributes_outs[(2 * i - 1):(2 * i)] = [plotattributes_out_fillrange, plotattributes_out]
+            d_outs[(2 * i - 1):(2 * i)] = [d_out_fillrange, d_out]
        else
-            plotattributes_outs[i] = plotattributes_out
+            d_outs[i] = d_out
        end
    end

    if series[:line_z] != nothing
-        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :line))
+        push!(d_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, d_base, :line))
    elseif series[:fill_z] != nothing
-        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :fill))
+        push!(d_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, d_base, :fill))
    elseif series[:marker_z] != nothing
-        push!(plotattributes_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, plotattributes_base, :marker))
+        push!(d_outs, plotly_colorbar_hack(series, d_base, :marker))
    end

-    plotattributes_outs
+    d_outs
 end

-function plotly_colorbar_hack(series::Series, plotattributes_base::KW, sym::Symbol)
-    plotattributes_out = deepcopy(plotattributes_base)
+function plotly_colorbar_hack(series::Series, d_base::KW, sym::Symbol)
+    d_out = deepcopy(d_base)
    cmin, cmax = get_clims(series[:subplot])
-    plotattributes_out[:showlegend] = false
-    plotattributes_out[:type] = is3d(series) ? :scatter3d : :scatter
-    plotattributes_out[:hoverinfo] = :none
-    plotattributes_out[:mode] = :markers
-    plotattributes_out[:x], plotattributes_out[:y] = [series[:x][1]], [series[:y][1]]
+    d_out[:showlegend] = false
+    d_out[:type] = is3d(series) ? :scatter3d : :scatter
+    d_out[:hoverinfo] = :none
+    d_out[:mode] = :markers
+    d_out[:x], d_out[:y] = [series[:x][1]], [series[:y][1]]
    if is3d(series)
-        plotattributes_out[:z] = [series[:z][1]]
+        d_out[:z] = [series[:z][1]]
    end
    # zrange = zmax == zmin ? 1 : zmax - zmin # if all marker_z values are the same, plot all markers same color (avoids division by zero in next line)
-    plotattributes_out[:marker] = KW(
+    d_out[:marker] = KW(
        :size => 0,
        :opacity => 0,
        :color => [0.5],
@@ -767,26 +856,26 @@ function plotly_colorbar_hack(series::Series, plotattributes_base::KW, sym::Symb
        :colorscale => plotly_colorscale(series[Symbol("$(sym)color")], 1),
        :showscale => hascolorbar(series[:subplot]),
    )
-    return plotattributes_out
+    return d_out
 end


-function plotly_polar!(plotattributes_out::KW, series::Series)
+function plotly_polar!(d_out::KW, series::Series)
    # convert polar plots x/y to theta/radius
    if ispolar(series[:subplot])
-        theta, r = filter_radial_data(pop!(plotattributes_out, :x), pop!(plotattributes_out, :y), axis_limits(series[:subplot][:yaxis]))
-        plotattributes_out[:t] = rad2deg.(theta)
-        plotattributes_out[:r] = r
+        theta, r = filter_radial_data(pop!(d_out, :x), pop!(d_out, :y), axis_limits(series[:subplot][:yaxis]))
+        d_out[:t] = rad2deg.(theta)
+        d_out[:r] = r
    end
 end

-function plotly_hover!(plotattributes_out::KW, hover)
+function plotly_hover!(d_out::KW, hover)
    # hover text
    if hover in (:none, false)
-        plotattributes_out[:hoverinfo] = "none"
+        d_out[:hoverinfo] = "none"
    elseif hover != nothing
-        plotattributes_out[:hoverinfo] = "text"
-        plotattributes_out[:text] = hover
+        d_out[:hoverinfo] = "text"
+        d_out[:text] = hover
    end
 end

@@ -804,27 +893,12 @@ plotly_series_json(plt::Plot) = JSON.json(plotly_series(plt))

 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

-const ijulia_initialized = Ref(false)
+const _use_remote = Ref(false)

 function html_head(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend})
-    local_file = ("file://" * plotly_local_file_path)
-    plotly = use_local_dependencies[] ? local_file : plotly_remote_file_path
-    if isijulia() && !ijulia_initialized[]
-        # using requirejs seems to be key to load a js depency in IJulia!
-        # https://requirejs.org/docs/start.html
-        # https://github.com/JuliaLang/IJulia.jl/issues/345
-        display("text/html", """
-            <script type="text/javascript">
-                requirejs([$(repr(plotly))], function(p) {
-                    window.Plotly = p
-                });
-            </script>
-        """)
-        ijulia_initialized[] = true
-    end
-    # IJulia just needs one initialization
-    isijulia() && return ""
-    return "<script src=$(repr(plotly))></script>"
+    jsfilename = _use_remote[] ? _plotly_js_path_remote : ("file://" * _plotly_js_path)
+    # "<script src=\"$(joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__),"..","..","deps","plotly-latest.min.js"))\"></script>"
+    "<script src=\"$jsfilename\"></script>"
 end

 function html_body(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}, style = nothing)
@@ -832,7 +906,7 @@ function html_body(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}, style = nothing)
        w, h = plt[:size]
        style = "width:$(w)px;height:$(h)px;"
    end
-    uuid = UUIDs.uuid4()
+    uuid = Base.Random.uuid4()
    html = """
        <div id=\"$(uuid)\" style=\"$(style)\"></div>
        <script>
@@ -845,23 +919,18 @@ end

 function js_body(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}, uuid)
    js = """
-        PLOT = document.getElementById('$(uuid)');
-        Plotly.plot(PLOT, $(plotly_series_json(plt)), $(plotly_layout_json(plt)));
+          PLOT = document.getElementById('$(uuid)');
+          Plotly.plot(PLOT, $(plotly_series_json(plt)), $(plotly_layout_json(plt)));
    """
 end


 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

-function _show(io::IO, ::MIME"application/vnd.plotly.v1+json", plot::Plot{PlotlyBackend})
-    data = []
-    for series in plot.series_list
-        append!(data, plotly_series(plot, series))
-    end
-    layout = plotly_layout(plot)
-    JSON.print(io, Dict(:data => data, :layout => layout))
-end

+function _show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend})
+    write(io, html_head(plt) * html_body(plt))
+end

 function _display(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend})
    standalone_html_window(plt)
@@ -1,11 +1,50 @@
-# https://github.com/sglyon/PlotlyJS.jl
+@require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" begin
+    Revise.track(Plots, joinpath(Pkg.dir("Plots"), "src", "backends", "plotlyjs.jl"))
+end
+
+# https://github.com/spencerlyon2/PlotlyJS.jl
+
+const _plotlyjs_attr        = _plotly_attr
+const _plotlyjs_seriestype  = _plotly_seriestype
+const _plotlyjs_style       = _plotly_style
+const _plotlyjs_marker      = _plotly_marker
+const _plotlyjs_scale       = _plotly_scale

 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


+function add_backend_string(::PlotlyJSBackend)
+    """
+    if !Plots.is_installed("PlotlyJS")
+        Pkg.add("PlotlyJS")
+    end
+    if !Plots.is_installed("Rsvg")
+        Pkg.add("Rsvg")
+    end
+    import Blink
+    Blink.AtomShell.install()
+    """
+end
+
+
+function _initialize_backend(::PlotlyJSBackend; kw...)
+    @eval begin
+        import PlotlyJS
+        export PlotlyJS
+    end
+
+    # # override IJulia inline display
+    # if isijulia()
+    #     IJulia.display_dict(plt::AbstractPlot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = IJulia.display_dict(plt.o)
+    # end
+end
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
 function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
    if !isplotnull() && plt[:overwrite_figure] && isa(current().o, PlotlyJS.SyncPlot)
-        PlotlyJS.SyncPlot(PlotlyJS.Plot(), options = current().o.options)
+        PlotlyJS.SyncPlot(PlotlyJS.Plot(), current().o.view)
    else
        PlotlyJS.plot()
    end
@@ -24,14 +63,14 @@ end

 function _series_updated(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}, series::Series)
    xsym, ysym = (ispolar(series) ? (:t,:r) : (:x,:y))
-    kw = KW(xsym => (series.plotattributes[:x],), ysym => (series.plotattributes[:y],))
+    kw = KW(xsym => (series.d[:x],), ysym => (series.d[:y],))
    z = series[:z]
    if z != nothing
        kw[:z] = (isa(z,Surface) ? transpose_z(series, series[:z].surf, false) : z,)
    end
    PlotlyJS.restyle!(
        plt.o,
-        findfirst(isequal(series), plt.series_list),
+        findfirst(plt.series_list, series),
        kw
    )
 end
@@ -49,16 +88,23 @@ end

 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

-_show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = show(io, MIME("text/html"), plt.o)
-_show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/svg+xml", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = PlotlyJS.savefig(io, plt.o, format="svg")
-_show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = PlotlyJS.savefig(io, plt.o, format="png")
-_show(io::IO, ::MIME"application/pdf", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = PlotlyJS.savefig(io, plt.o, format="pdf")
-_show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/eps", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = PlotlyJS.savefig(io, plt.o, format="eps")
-
-function _show(io::IO, m::MIME"application/vnd.plotly.v1+json", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
-    show(io, m, plt.o)
+function _show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
+    if isijulia() && !_use_remote[]
+        write(io, PlotlyJS.html_body(PlotlyJS.JupyterPlot(plt.o)))
+    else
+        show(io, MIME("text/html"), plt.o)
+    end
 end

+function plotlyjs_save_hack(io::IO, plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}, ext::String)
+    tmpfn = tempname() * "." * ext
+    PlotlyJS.savefig(plt.o, tmpfn)
+    write(io, read(open(tmpfn)))
+end
+_show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/svg+xml", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotlyjs_save_hack(io, plt, "svg")
+_show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotlyjs_save_hack(io, plt, "png")
+_show(io::IO, ::MIME"application/pdf", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotlyjs_save_hack(io, plt, "pdf")
+_show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/eps", plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}) = plotlyjs_save_hack(io, plt, "eps")

 function write_temp_html(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
    filename = string(tempname(), ".html")
@@ -1,39 +1,115 @@
-# Do "using PyPlot: PyCall, LaTeXStrings" without dependency warning:
-const PyCall = PyPlot.PyCall
-const LaTeXStrings = PyPlot.LaTeXStrings

 # https://github.com/stevengj/PyPlot.jl

+@require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" begin
+    Revise.track(Plots, joinpath(Pkg.dir("Plots"), "src", "backends", "pyplot.jl"))
+end
+
+const _pyplot_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :background_color_legend, :background_color_inside, :background_color_outside,
+    :foreground_color_grid, :foreground_color_legend, :foreground_color_title,
+    :foreground_color_axis, :foreground_color_border, :foreground_color_guide, :foreground_color_text,
+    :label,
+    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
+    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
+    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
+    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
+    :bins, :bar_width, :bar_edges, :bar_position,
+    :title, :title_location, :titlefont,
+    :window_title,
+    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale, :flip, :rotation,
+    :titlefontfamily, :titlefontsize, :titlefontcolor,
+    :legendfontfamily, :legendfontsize, :legendfontcolor,
+    :tickfontfamily, :tickfontsize, :tickfontcolor,
+    :guidefontfamily, :guidefontsize, :guidefontcolor,
+    :grid, :gridalpha, :gridstyle, :gridlinewidth,
+    :legend, :legendtitle, :colorbar,
+    :marker_z, :line_z, :fill_z,
+    :levels,
+    :ribbon, :quiver, :arrow,
+    :orientation,
+    :overwrite_figure,
+    :polar,
+    :normalize, :weights,
+    :contours, :aspect_ratio,
+    :match_dimensions,
+    :clims,
+    :inset_subplots,
+    :dpi,
+    :colorbar_title,
+    :stride,
+    :framestyle,
+    :tick_direction,
+    :camera,
+    :contour_labels,
+  ])
+const _pyplot_seriestype = [
+        :path, :steppre, :steppost, :shape, :straightline,
+        :scatter, :hexbin, #:histogram2d, :histogram,
+        # :bar,
+        :heatmap, :pie, :image,
+        :contour, :contour3d, :path3d, :scatter3d, :surface, :wireframe
+    ]
+const _pyplot_style = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
+const _pyplot_marker = vcat(_allMarkers, :pixel)
+const _pyplot_scale = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10]
 is_marker_supported(::PyPlotBackend, shape::Shape) = true


 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-# problem: https://github.com/tbreloff/Plots.jl/issues/308
-# solution: hack from @stevengj: https://github.com/stevengj/PyPlot.jl/pull/223#issuecomment-229747768
-otherdisplays = splice!(Base.Multimedia.displays, 2:length(Base.Multimedia.displays))
-append!(Base.Multimedia.displays, otherdisplays)
-pycolors = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.colors")
-pypath = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.path")
-mplot3d = PyPlot.pyimport("mpl_toolkits.mplot3d")
-pypatches = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.patches")
-pyfont = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.font_manager")
-pyticker = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.ticker")
-pycmap = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.cm")
-pynp = PyPlot.pyimport("numpy")
-pynp["seterr"](invalid="ignore")
-pytransforms = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.transforms")
-pycollections = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.collections")
-pyart3d = PyPlot.art3D
+function add_backend_string(::PyPlotBackend)
+    """
+    if !Plots.is_installed("PyPlot")
+        Pkg.add("PyPlot")
+    end
+    withenv("PYTHON" => "") do
+        Pkg.build("PyPlot")
+    end

-# "support" matplotlib v1.5
-set_facecolor_sym = if PyPlot.version < v"2"
-    @warn("You are using Matplotlib $(PyPlot.version), which is no longer officialy supported by the Plots community. To ensure smooth Plots.jl integration update your Matplotlib library to a version >= 2.0.0")
-    :set_axis_bgcolor
-else
-    :set_facecolor
+    # now restart julia!
+    """
 end

+function _initialize_backend(::PyPlotBackend)
+    @eval begin
+        # problem: https://github.com/tbreloff/Plots.jl/issues/308
+        # solution: hack from @stevengj: https://github.com/stevengj/PyPlot.jl/pull/223#issuecomment-229747768
+        otherdisplays = splice!(Base.Multimedia.displays, 2:length(Base.Multimedia.displays))
+        import PyPlot, PyCall
+        import LaTeXStrings: latexstring
+        append!(Base.Multimedia.displays, otherdisplays)
+
+        export PyPlot
+        pycolors = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.colors")
+        pypath = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.path")
+        mplot3d = PyPlot.pyimport("mpl_toolkits.mplot3d")
+        pypatches = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.patches")
+        pyfont = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.font_manager")
+        pyticker = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.ticker")
+        pycmap = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.cm")
+        pynp = PyPlot.pyimport("numpy")
+        pynp["seterr"](invalid="ignore")
+        pytransforms = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.transforms")
+        pycollections = PyPlot.pyimport("matplotlib.collections")
+        pyart3d = PyPlot.art3D
+
+        # "support" matplotlib v1.5
+        set_facecolor_sym = if PyPlot.version < v"2"
+            warn("You are using Matplotlib $(PyPlot.version), which is no longer officialy supported by the Plots community. To ensure smooth Plots.jl integration update your Matplotlib library to a version >= 2.0.0")
+            :set_axis_bgcolor
+        else
+            :set_facecolor
+        end
+
+        # we don't want every command to update the figure
+        PyPlot.ioff()
+    end
+end
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 # # convert colorant to 4-tuple RGBA
 # py_color(c::Colorant, α=nothing) = map(f->float(f(convertColor(c,α))), (red, green, blue, alpha))
@@ -84,7 +160,7 @@ function py_linestyle(seriestype::Symbol, linestyle::Symbol)
    linestyle == :dash && return "--"
    linestyle == :dot && return ":"
    linestyle == :dashdot && return "-."
-    @warn("Unknown linestyle $linestyle")
+    warn("Unknown linestyle $linestyle")
    return "-"
 end

@@ -145,13 +221,13 @@ function py_marker(marker::Symbol)
    marker == :vline && return "|"
    haskey(_shapes, marker) && return py_marker(_shapes[marker])

-    @warn("Unknown marker $marker")
+    warn("Unknown marker $marker")
    return "o"
 end

 # py_marker(markers::AVec) = map(py_marker, markers)
 function py_marker(markers::AVec)
-    @warn("Vectors of markers are currently unsupported in PyPlot: $markers")
+    warn("Vectors of markers are currently unsupported in PyPlot: $markers")
    py_marker(markers[1])
 end

@@ -190,13 +266,14 @@ function add_pyfixedformatter(cbar, vals::AVec)
    cbar[:update_ticks]()
 end

+
 function labelfunc(scale::Symbol, backend::PyPlotBackend)
    if scale == :log10
-        x -> LaTeXStrings.latexstring("10^{$x}")
+        x -> latexstring("10^{$x}")
    elseif scale == :log2
-        x -> LaTeXStrings.latexstring("2^{$x}")
+        x -> latexstring("2^{$x}")
    elseif scale == :ln
-        x -> LaTeXStrings.latexstring("e^{$x}")
+        x -> latexstring("e^{$x}")
    else
        string
    end
@@ -213,7 +290,7 @@ end
 function fix_xy_lengths!(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
    x, y = series[:x], series[:y]
    nx, ny = length(x), length(y)
-    if !isa(get(series.plotattributes, :z, nothing), Surface) && nx != ny
+    if !isa(get(series.d, :z, nothing), Surface) && nx != ny
        if nx < ny
            series[:x] = Float64[x[mod1(i,nx)] for i=1:ny]
        else
@@ -222,6 +299,17 @@ function fix_xy_lengths!(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
    end
 end

+# total hack due to PyPlot bug (see issue #145).
+# hack: duplicate the color vector when the total rgba fields is the same as the series length
+function py_color_fix(c, x)
+    if (typeof(c) <: AbstractArray && length(c)*4 == length(x)) ||
+                    (typeof(c) <: Tuple && length(x) == 4)
+        vcat(c, c)
+    else
+        c
+    end
+end
+
 py_linecolor(series::Series)          = py_color(series[:linecolor])
 py_markercolor(series::Series)        = py_color(series[:markercolor])
 py_markerstrokecolor(series::Series)  = py_color(series[:markerstrokecolor])
@@ -238,7 +326,7 @@ py_fillcolormap(series::Series)       = py_colormap(series[:fillcolor])
 # getAxis(sp::Subplot) = sp.o

 # function getAxis(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
-#     sp = get_subplot(plt, get(series.plotattributes, :subplot, 1))
+#     sp = get_subplot(plt, get(series.d, :subplot, 1))
 #     getAxis(sp)
 # end

@@ -306,8 +394,8 @@ function py_bbox_title(ax)
    bb
 end

-function py_thickness_scale(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, ptsz)
-    ptsz * plt[:thickness_scaling]
+function py_dpi_scale(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, ptsz)
+    ptsz
 end

 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -351,12 +439,12 @@ end
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------


-# function _series_added(pkg::PyPlotBackend, plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW)
+# function _series_added(pkg::PyPlotBackend, plt::Plot, d::KW)
 # TODO: change this to accept Subplot??
 # function _series_added(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)

 function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
-    # plotattributes = series.plotattributes
+    # d = series.d
    st = series[:seriestype]
    sp = series[:subplot]
    ax = sp.o
@@ -375,13 +463,11 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)

    # handle zcolor and get c/cmap
    needs_colorbar = hascolorbar(sp)
-    vmin, vmax = clims = get_clims(sp)
-
-    # Dict to store extra kwargs
-    if st == :wireframe
-        extrakw = KW()          # vmin, vmax cause an error for wireframe plot
+    extrakw = if needs_colorbar || is_2tuple(sp[:clims])
+        vmin, vmax = get_clims(sp)
+        KW(:vmin => vmin, :vmax => vmax)
    else
-        extrakw = KW(:vmin => vmin, :vmax => vmax)
+        KW()
    end

    # holds references to any python object representing the matplotlib series
@@ -419,7 +505,7 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
            #         :label => series[:label],
            #         :zorder => plt.n,
            #         :cmap => py_linecolormap(series),
-            #         :linewidths => py_thickness_scale(plt, get_linewidth.(series, 1:n)),
+            #         :linewidths => py_dpi_scale(plt, get_linewidth.(series, 1:n)),
            #         :linestyle => py_linestyle(st, get_linestyle.(series)),
            #         :norm => pycolors["Normalize"](; extrakw...)
            #     )
@@ -443,8 +529,8 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
                    handle = ax[:plot]((arg[rng] for arg in xyargs)...;
                        label = i == 1 ? series[:label] : "",
                        zorder = series[:series_plotindex],
-                        color = py_color(get_linecolor(series, clims, i), get_linealpha(series, i)),
-                        linewidth = py_thickness_scale(plt, get_linewidth(series, i)),
+                        color = py_color(get_linecolor(series, i), get_linealpha(series, i)),
+                        linewidth = py_dpi_scale(plt, get_linewidth(series, i)),
                        linestyle = py_linestyle(st, get_linestyle(series, i)),
                        solid_capstyle = "round",
                        drawstyle = py_stepstyle(st)
@@ -456,7 +542,7 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
            a = series[:arrow]
            if a != nothing && !is3d(st)  # TODO: handle 3d later
                if typeof(a) != Arrow
-                    @warn("Unexpected type for arrow: $(typeof(a))")
+                    warn("Unexpected type for arrow: $(typeof(a))")
                else
                    arrowprops = KW(
                        :arrowstyle => "simple,head_length=$(a.headlength),head_width=$(a.headwidth)",
@@ -464,7 +550,7 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
                        :shrinkB => 0,
                        :edgecolor => py_linecolor(series),
                        :facecolor => py_linecolor(series),
-                        :linewidth => py_thickness_scale(plt, get_linewidth(series)),
+                        :linewidth => py_dpi_scale(plt, get_linewidth(series)),
                        :linestyle => py_linestyle(st, get_linestyle(series)),
                    )
                    add_arrows(x, y) do xyprev, xy
@@ -485,18 +571,11 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
                                          :scatter3d, :steppre, :steppost,
                                          :bar)
        markercolor = if any(typeof(series[arg]) <: AVec for arg in (:markercolor, :markeralpha)) || series[:marker_z] != nothing
-            # py_color(plot_color.(get_markercolor.(series, clims, eachindex(x)), get_markeralpha.(series, eachindex(x))))
-            [py_color(plot_color(get_markercolor(series, clims, i), get_markeralpha(series, i))) for i in eachindex(x)]
+            py_color(plot_color.(get_markercolor.(series, eachindex(x)), get_markeralpha.(series, eachindex(x))))
        else
            py_color(plot_color(series[:markercolor], series[:markeralpha]))
        end
-        extrakw[:c] = if markercolor isa Array
-            permutedims(hcat([[m...] for m in markercolor]...),[2,1])
-        elseif markercolor isa Tuple
-            reshape([markercolor...], 1, length(markercolor))
-        else
-            error("This case is not handled.  Please file an issue.")
-        end
+        extrakw[:c] = py_color_fix(markercolor, x)
        xyargs = if st == :bar && !isvertical(series)
            (y, x)
        else
@@ -504,13 +583,13 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
        end

        if isa(series[:markershape], AbstractVector{Shape})
-            # this section will create one scatter per data point to accommodate the
+            # this section will create one scatter per data point to accomodate the
            # vector of shapes
            handle = []
            x,y = xyargs
            shapes = series[:markershape]
            msc = py_markerstrokecolor(series)
-            lw = py_thickness_scale(plt, series[:markerstrokewidth])
+            lw = py_dpi_scale(plt, series[:markerstrokewidth])
            for i=1:length(y)
                extrakw[:c] = _cycle(markercolor, i)

@@ -518,74 +597,12 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
                    label = series[:label],
                    zorder = series[:series_plotindex] + 0.5,
                    marker = py_marker(_cycle(shapes,i)),
-                    s =  py_thickness_scale(plt, _cycle(series[:markersize],i) .^ 2),
+                    s =  py_dpi_scale(plt, _cycle(series[:markersize],i) .^ 2),
                    edgecolors = msc,
                    linewidths = lw,
                    extrakw...
                ))
            end
-            push!(handles, handle)
-        elseif isa(series[:markershape], AbstractVector{Symbol})
-            handle = []
-            x,y = xyargs
-            shapes = series[:markershape]
-
-            prev_marker = py_marker(_cycle(shapes,1))
-
-            cur_x_list = []
-            cur_y_list = []
-
-            cur_color_list = []
-            cur_scale_list = []
-
-            delete!(extrakw, :c)
-
-            for i=1:length(y)
-                cur_marker = py_marker(_cycle(shapes,i))
-
-                if ( cur_marker == prev_marker )
-                  push!(cur_x_list, _cycle(x,i))
-                  push!(cur_y_list, _cycle(y,i))
-
-                  push!(cur_color_list, _cycle(markercolor, i))
-                  push!(cur_scale_list, py_thickness_scale(plt, _cycle(series[:markersize],i) .^ 2))
-
-                  continue
-                end
-
-                push!(handle, ax[:scatter](cur_x_list, cur_y_list;
-                  label = series[:label],
-                  zorder = series[:series_plotindex] + 0.5,
-                  marker = prev_marker,
-                  s = cur_scale_list,
-                  edgecolors = py_markerstrokecolor(series),
-                  linewidths = py_thickness_scale(plt, series[:markerstrokewidth]),
-                  facecolors = cur_color_list,
-                  extrakw...
-                ))
-
-                cur_x_list = [_cycle(x,i)]
-                cur_y_list = [_cycle(y,i)]
-
-                cur_color_list = [_cycle(markercolor, i)]
-                cur_scale_list = [py_thickness_scale(plt, _cycle(series[:markersize],i) .^ 2)]
-
-                prev_marker = cur_marker
-            end
-
-            if !isempty(cur_color_list)
-              push!(handle, ax[:scatter](cur_x_list, cur_y_list;
-                label = series[:label],
-                zorder = series[:series_plotindex] + 0.5,
-                marker = prev_marker,
-                s = cur_scale_list,
-                edgecolors = py_markerstrokecolor(series),
-                linewidths = py_thickness_scale(plt, series[:markerstrokewidth]),
-                facecolors = cur_color_list,
-                extrakw...
-              ))
-            end
-
            push!(handles, handle)
        else
            # do a normal scatter plot
@@ -593,9 +610,9 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
                label = series[:label],
                zorder = series[:series_plotindex] + 0.5,
                marker = py_marker(series[:markershape]),
-                s = py_thickness_scale(plt, series[:markersize] .^ 2),
+                s = py_dpi_scale(plt, series[:markersize] .^ 2),
                edgecolors = py_markerstrokecolor(series),
-                linewidths = py_thickness_scale(plt, series[:markerstrokewidth]),
+                linewidths = py_dpi_scale(plt, series[:markerstrokewidth]),
                extrakw...
            )
            push!(handles, handle)
@@ -607,7 +624,7 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
            label = series[:label],
            zorder = series[:series_plotindex],
            gridsize = series[:bins],
-            linewidths = py_thickness_scale(plt, series[:linewidth]),
+            linewidths = py_dpi_scale(plt, series[:linewidth]),
            edgecolors = py_linecolor(series),
            cmap = py_fillcolormap(series),  # applies to the pcolorfast object
            extrakw...
@@ -638,7 +655,7 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
        handle = ax[:contour](x, y, z, levelargs...;
            label = series[:label],
            zorder = series[:series_plotindex],
-            linewidths = py_thickness_scale(plt, series[:linewidth]),
+            linewidths = py_dpi_scale(plt, series[:linewidth]),
            linestyles = py_linestyle(st, series[:linestyle]),
            extrakw...
        )
@@ -680,7 +697,7 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
                zorder = series[:series_plotindex],
                rstride = series[:stride][1],
                cstride = series[:stride][2],
-                linewidth = py_thickness_scale(plt, series[:linewidth]),
+                linewidth = py_dpi_scale(plt, series[:linewidth]),
                edgecolor = py_linecolor(series),
                extrakw...
            )
@@ -702,11 +719,16 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)

        elseif typeof(z) <: AbstractVector
            # tri-surface plot (http://matplotlib.org/mpl_toolkits/mplot3d/tutorial.html#tri-surface-plots)
+            clims = sp[:clims]
+            if is_2tuple(clims)
+                isfinite(clims[1]) && (extrakw[:vmin] = clims[1])
+                isfinite(clims[2]) && (extrakw[:vmax] = clims[2])
+            end
            handle = ax[:plot_trisurf](x, y, z;
                label = series[:label],
                zorder = series[:series_plotindex],
                cmap = py_fillcolormap(series),
-                linewidth = py_thickness_scale(plt, series[:linewidth]),
+                linewidth = py_dpi_scale(plt, series[:linewidth]),
                edgecolor = py_linecolor(series),
                extrakw...
            )
@@ -729,7 +751,7 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
        end
        handle = ax[:imshow](z;
            zorder = series[:series_plotindex],
-            cmap = py_colormap(cgrad([:black, :white])),
+            cmap = py_colormap([:black, :white]),
            vmin = 0.0,
            vmax = 1.0,
            extent = (xmin, xmax, ymax, ymin)
@@ -772,9 +794,9 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)
                    path;
                    label = series[:label],
                    zorder = series[:series_plotindex],
-                    edgecolor = py_color(get_linecolor(series, clims, i), get_linealpha(series, i)),
-                    facecolor = py_color(get_fillcolor(series, clims, i), get_fillalpha(series, i)),
-                    linewidth = py_thickness_scale(plt, get_linewidth(series, i)),
+                    edgecolor = py_color(get_linecolor(series, i), get_linealpha(series, i)),
+                    facecolor = py_color(get_fillcolor(series, i), get_fillalpha(series, i)),
+                    linewidth = py_dpi_scale(plt, get_linewidth(series, i)),
                    linestyle = py_linestyle(st, get_linestyle(series, i)),
                    fill = true
                )
@@ -822,7 +844,7 @@ function py_add_series(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend}, series::Series)

            handle = ax[f](args..., trues(n), false, py_fillstepstyle(st);
                zorder = series[:series_plotindex],
-                facecolor = py_color(get_fillcolor(series, clims, i), get_fillalpha(series, i)),
+                facecolor = py_color(get_fillcolor(series, i), get_fillalpha(series, i)),
                linewidths = 0
            )
            push!(handles, handle)
@@ -850,7 +872,7 @@ function py_set_ticks(ax, ticks, letter)
    if ticks == :none || ticks == nothing || ticks == false
        kw = KW()
        for dir in (:top,:bottom,:left,:right)
-            kw[dir] = kw[Symbol(:label,dir)] = false
+            kw[dir] = kw[Symbol(:label,dir)] = "off"
        end
        axis[:set_tick_params](;which="both", kw...)
        return
@@ -873,7 +895,7 @@ function py_compute_axis_minval(axis::Axis)
    sps = axis.sps
    for sp in sps
        for series in series_list(sp)
-            v = series.plotattributes[axis[:letter]]
+            v = series.d[axis[:letter]]
            if !isempty(v)
                minval = NaNMath.min(minval, ignorenan_minimum(abs.(v)))
            end
@@ -890,7 +912,7 @@ end
 function py_set_scale(ax, axis::Axis)
    scale = axis[:scale]
    letter = axis[:letter]
-    scale in supported_scales() || return @warn("Unhandled scale value in pyplot: $scale")
+    scale in supported_scales() || return warn("Unhandled scale value in pyplot: $scale")
    func = ax[Symbol("set_", letter, "scale")]
    kw = KW()
    arg = if scale == :identity
@@ -933,8 +955,8 @@ function _before_layout_calcs(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend})
    w, h = plt[:size]
    fig = plt.o
    fig[:clear]()
-    dpi = plt[:dpi]
-    fig[:set_size_inches](w/DPI, h/DPI, forward = true)
+    dpi = plt[:thickness_scaling] * plt[:dpi]
+    fig[:set_size_inches](w/DPI/plt[:thickness_scaling], h/DPI/plt[:thickness_scaling], forward = true)
    fig[set_facecolor_sym](py_color(plt[:background_color_outside]))
    fig[:set_dpi](plt[:dpi])

@@ -974,7 +996,7 @@ function _before_layout_calcs(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend})
                :title
            end
            ax[func][:set_text](sp[:title])
-            ax[func][:set_fontsize](py_thickness_scale(plt, sp[:titlefontsize]))
+            ax[func][:set_fontsize](py_dpi_scale(plt, sp[:titlefontsize]))
            ax[func][:set_family](sp[:titlefontfamily])
            ax[func][:set_color](py_color(sp[:titlefontcolor]))
            # ax[:set_title](sp[:title], loc = loc)
@@ -1014,9 +1036,9 @@ function _before_layout_calcs(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend})
            fig = plt.o
            cbax = fig[:add_axes]([0.8,0.1,0.03,0.8], label = string(gensym()))
            cb = fig[:colorbar](handle; cax = cbax, kw...)
-            cb[:set_label](sp[:colorbar_title],size=py_thickness_scale(plt, sp[:yaxis][:guidefontsize]),family=sp[:yaxis][:guidefontfamily], color = py_color(sp[:yaxis][:guidefontcolor]))
+            cb[:set_label](sp[:colorbar_title],size=py_dpi_scale(plt, sp[:yaxis][:guidefontsize]),family=sp[:yaxis][:guidefontfamily], color = py_color(sp[:yaxis][:guidefontcolor]))
            for lab in cb[:ax][:yaxis][:get_ticklabels]()
-                  lab[:set_fontsize](py_thickness_scale(plt, sp[:yaxis][:tickfontsize]))
+                  lab[:set_fontsize](py_dpi_scale(plt, sp[:yaxis][:tickfontsize]))
                  lab[:set_family](sp[:yaxis][:tickfontfamily])
                  lab[:set_color](py_color(sp[:yaxis][:tickfontcolor]))
            end
@@ -1026,14 +1048,12 @@ function _before_layout_calcs(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend})

        # framestyle
        if !ispolar(sp) && !is3d(sp)
-            ax[:spines]["left"][:set_linewidth](py_thickness_scale(plt, 1))
-            ax[:spines]["bottom"][:set_linewidth](py_thickness_scale(plt, 1))
            if sp[:framestyle] == :semi
                intensity = 0.5
                ax[:spines]["right"][:set_alpha](intensity)
                ax[:spines]["top"][:set_alpha](intensity)
-                ax[:spines]["right"][:set_linewidth](py_thickness_scale(plt, intensity))
-                ax[:spines]["top"][:set_linewidth](py_thickness_scale(plt, intensity))
+                ax[:spines]["right"][:set_linewidth](intensity)
+                ax[:spines]["top"][:set_linewidth](intensity)
            elseif sp[:framestyle] in (:axes, :origin)
                ax[:spines]["right"][:set_visible](false)
                ax[:spines]["top"][:set_visible](false)
@@ -1046,8 +1066,8 @@ function _before_layout_calcs(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend})
                    spine[:set_visible](false)
                end
                if sp[:framestyle] == :zerolines
-                    ax[:axhline](y = 0, color = py_color(sp[:xaxis][:foreground_color_axis]), lw = py_thickness_scale(plt, 0.75))
-                    ax[:axvline](x = 0, color = py_color(sp[:yaxis][:foreground_color_axis]), lw = py_thickness_scale(plt, 0.75))
+                    ax[:axhline](y = 0, color = py_color(sp[:xaxis][:foreground_color_axis]), lw = 0.75)
+                    ax[:axvline](x = 0, color = py_color(sp[:yaxis][:foreground_color_axis]), lw = 0.75)
                end
            end
        end
@@ -1064,9 +1084,6 @@ function _before_layout_calcs(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend})
                pyaxis[:set_ticks_position]("both")  # the hash marks
                pyaxis[Symbol(:tick_, pos)]()        # the tick labels
            end
-            if axis[:guide_position] != :auto && letter != :z
-                pyaxis[:set_label_position](axis[:guide_position])
-            end
            py_set_scale(ax, axis)
            axis[:ticks] != :native ? py_set_lims(ax, axis) : nothing
            if ispolar(sp) && letter == :y
@@ -1075,18 +1092,18 @@ function _before_layout_calcs(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend})
            ticks = sp[:framestyle] == :none ? nothing : get_ticks(axis)
            # don't show the 0 tick label for the origin framestyle
            if sp[:framestyle] == :origin && length(ticks) > 1
-                ticks[2][ticks[1] .== 0] .= ""
+                ticks[2][ticks[1] .== 0] = ""
            end
            axis[:ticks] != :native ? py_set_ticks(ax, ticks, letter) : nothing
            pyaxis[:set_tick_params](direction = axis[:tick_direction] == :out ? "out" : "in")
            ax[Symbol("set_", letter, "label")](axis[:guide])
-            if get(axis.plotattributes, :flip, false)
+            if get(axis.d, :flip, false)
                ax[Symbol("invert_", letter, "axis")]()
            end
-            pyaxis[:label][:set_fontsize](py_thickness_scale(plt, axis[:guidefontsize]))
+            pyaxis[:label][:set_fontsize](py_dpi_scale(plt, axis[:guidefontsize]))
            pyaxis[:label][:set_family](axis[:guidefontfamily])
            for lab in ax[Symbol("get_", letter, "ticklabels")]()
-                lab[:set_fontsize](py_thickness_scale(plt, axis[:tickfontsize]))
+                lab[:set_fontsize](py_dpi_scale(plt, axis[:tickfontsize]))
                lab[:set_family](axis[:tickfontfamily])
                lab[:set_rotation](axis[:rotation])
            end
@@ -1095,7 +1112,7 @@ function _before_layout_calcs(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend})
                pyaxis[:grid](true,
                    color = fgcolor,
                    linestyle = py_linestyle(:line, axis[:gridstyle]),
-                    linewidth = py_thickness_scale(plt, axis[:gridlinewidth]),
+                    linewidth = axis[:gridlinewidth],
                    alpha = axis[:gridalpha])
                ax[:set_axisbelow](true)
            else
@@ -1113,7 +1130,7 @@ function _before_layout_calcs(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend})
                else
                    ax[:spines][string(dir)][:set_visible](false)
                end
-                kw[dir] = kw[Symbol(:label,dir)] = false
+                kw[dir] = kw[Symbol(:label,dir)] = "off"
            end
            ax[:xaxis][:set_tick_params](; which="both", kw...)
        end
@@ -1123,7 +1140,7 @@ function _before_layout_calcs(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend})
                if !ispolar(sp)
                    ax[:spines][string(dir)][:set_visible](false)
                end
-                kw[dir] = kw[Symbol(:label,dir)] = false
+                kw[dir] = kw[Symbol(:label,dir)] = "off"
            end
            ax[:yaxis][:set_tick_params](; which="both", kw...)
        end
@@ -1192,7 +1209,7 @@ function _update_min_padding!(sp::Subplot{PyPlotBackend})
    rightpad  += sp[:right_margin]
    bottompad += sp[:bottom_margin]

-    dpi_factor = Plots.DPI / sp.plt[:dpi]
+    dpi_factor = sp.plt[:thickness_scaling] * Plots.DPI / sp.plt[:dpi]

    sp.minpad = Tuple(dpi_factor .* [leftpad, toppad, rightpad, bottompad])
 end
@@ -1214,8 +1231,8 @@ function py_add_annotations(sp::Subplot{PyPlotBackend}, x, y, val::PlotText)
        color = py_color(val.font.color),
        horizontalalignment = val.font.halign == :hcenter ? "center" : string(val.font.halign),
        verticalalignment = val.font.valign == :vcenter ? "center" : string(val.font.valign),
-        rotation = val.font.rotation,
-        size = py_thickness_scale(sp.plt, val.font.pointsize),
+        rotation = val.font.rotation * 180 / π,
+        size = py_dpi_scale(sp.plt, val.font.pointsize),
        zorder = 999
    )
 end
@@ -1235,7 +1252,6 @@ const _pyplot_legend_pos = KW(

 function py_add_legend(plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, ax)
    leg = sp[:legend]
-    clims = get_clims(sp)
    if leg != :none
        # gotta do this to ensure both axes are included
        labels = []
@@ -1245,19 +1261,19 @@ function py_add_legend(plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, ax)
                # add a line/marker and a label
                push!(handles, if series[:seriestype] == :shape || series[:fillrange] != nothing
                    pypatches[:Patch](
-                        edgecolor = py_color(get_linecolor(series, clims), get_linealpha(series)),
-                        facecolor = py_color(get_fillcolor(series, clims), get_fillalpha(series)),
-                        linewidth = py_thickness_scale(plt, clamp(get_linewidth(series), 0, 5)),
+                        edgecolor = py_color(get_linecolor(series), get_linealpha(series)),
+                        facecolor = py_color(get_fillcolor(series), get_fillalpha(series)),
+                        linewidth = py_dpi_scale(plt, clamp(get_linewidth(series), 0, 5)),
                        linestyle = py_linestyle(series[:seriestype], get_linestyle(series))
                    )
-                elseif series[:seriestype] in (:path, :straightline, :scatter)
+                elseif series[:seriestype] in (:path, :straightline)
                    PyPlot.plt[:Line2D]((0,1),(0,0),
-                        color = py_color(get_linecolor(series, clims), get_linealpha(series)),
-                        linewidth = py_thickness_scale(plt, clamp(get_linewidth(series), 0, 5)),
+                        color = py_color(get_linecolor(series), get_linealpha(series)),
+                        linewidth = py_dpi_scale(plt, clamp(get_linewidth(series), 0, 5)),
                        linestyle = py_linestyle(:path, get_linestyle(series)),
-                        marker = py_marker(first(series[:markershape])),
+                        marker = py_marker(series[:markershape]),
                        markeredgecolor = py_color(get_markerstrokecolor(series), get_markerstrokealpha(series)),
-                        markerfacecolor = series[:marker_z] == nothing ? py_color(get_markercolor(series, clims), get_markeralpha(series)) : py_color(series[:markercolor][0.5])
+                        markerfacecolor = series[:marker_z] == nothing ? py_color(get_markercolor(series), get_markeralpha(series)) : py_color(series[:markercolor][0.5])
                    )
                else
                    series[:serieshandle][1]
@@ -1272,13 +1288,11 @@ function py_add_legend(plt::Plot, sp::Subplot, ax)
                labels,
                loc = get(_pyplot_legend_pos, leg, "best"),
                scatterpoints = 1,
-                fontsize = py_thickness_scale(plt, sp[:legendfontsize]),
+                fontsize = py_dpi_scale(plt, sp[:legendfontsize]),
                facecolor = py_color(sp[:background_color_legend]),
                edgecolor = py_color(sp[:foreground_color_legend]),
                framealpha = alpha(plot_color(sp[:background_color_legend])),
            )
-            frame = leg[:get_frame]()
-            frame[:set_linewidth](py_thickness_scale(plt, 1))
            leg[:set_zorder](1000)
            sp[:legendtitle] != nothing && leg[:set_title](sp[:legendtitle])

@@ -1321,7 +1335,7 @@ end
 # display/output

 function _display(plt::Plot{PyPlotBackend})
-    isdefined(PyCall, :_setproperty!) ? plt.o.show() : plot.o[:show]()
+    plt.o[:show]()
 end


@@ -1332,8 +1346,7 @@ const _pyplot_mimeformats = Dict(
    "application/pdf"         => "pdf",
    "image/png"               => "png",
    "application/postscript"  => "ps",
-    "image/svg+xml"           => "svg",
-    "application/x-tex"       => "pgf"
+    "image/svg+xml"           => "svg"
 )


@@ -1347,7 +1360,7 @@ for (mime, fmt) in _pyplot_mimeformats
            # figsize = map(px2inch, plt[:size]),
            facecolor = fig[:get_facecolor](),
            edgecolor = "none",
-            dpi = plt[:dpi]
+            dpi = plt[:dpi] * plt[:thickness_scaling]
        )
    end
 end
@@ -3,9 +3,14 @@

 # [ADD BACKEND WEBSITE]

-import [PkgName]
-export [PkgName]
-push!(_initialized_backends, [pgkname]::Symbol)
+function _initialize_backend(::[PkgName]Backend; kw...)
+    @eval begin
+        import [PkgName]
+        export [PkgName]
+        # todo: other initialization that needs to be eval-ed
+    end
+    # todo: other initialization
+end

 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

@@ -49,7 +54,7 @@ end

 # ----------------------------------------------------------------

-# Override this to update plot items (title, xlabel, etc), and add annotations (plotattributes[:annotations])
+# Override this to update plot items (title, xlabel, etc), and add annotations (d[:annotations])
 function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{[PkgName]Backend})
 end

@@ -1,12 +1,54 @@

 # https://github.com/Evizero/UnicodePlots.jl

+@require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" begin
+    Revise.track(Plots, joinpath(Pkg.dir("Plots"), "src", "backends", "unicodeplots.jl"))
+end
+
+const _unicodeplots_attr = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :label,
+    :legend,
+    :seriescolor,
+    :seriesalpha,
+    :linestyle,
+    :markershape,
+    :bins,
+    :title,
+    :guide, :lims,
+  ])
+const _unicodeplots_seriestype = [
+    :path, :scatter, :straightline,
+    # :bar,
+    :shape,
+    :histogram2d,
+    :spy
+]
+const _unicodeplots_style = [:auto, :solid]
+const _unicodeplots_marker = [:none, :auto, :circle]
+const _unicodeplots_scale = [:identity]
+

 # don't warn on unsupported... there's just too many warnings!!
-warnOnUnsupported_args(::UnicodePlotsBackend, plotattributes::KW) = nothing
+warnOnUnsupported_args(::UnicodePlotsBackend, d::KW) = nothing

 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+function add_backend_string(::UnicodePlotsBackend)
+    """
+    Pkg.add("UnicodePlots")
+    Pkg.build("UnicodePlots")
+    """
+end
+
+function _initialize_backend(::UnicodePlotsBackend; kw...)
+    @eval begin
+        import UnicodePlots
+        export UnicodePlots
+    end
+end
+
+# -------------------------------
+
 const _canvas_type = Ref(:auto)

 function _canvas_map()
@@ -82,7 +124,7 @@ function rebuildUnicodePlot!(plt::Plot, width, height)

        # now use the ! functions to add to the plot
        for series in series_list(sp)
-            addUnicodeSeries!(o, series.plotattributes, sp[:legend] != :none, xlim, ylim)
+            addUnicodeSeries!(o, series.d, sp[:legend] != :none, xlim, ylim)
        end

        # save the object
@@ -92,17 +134,17 @@ end


 # add a single series
-function addUnicodeSeries!(o, plotattributes::KW, addlegend::Bool, xlim, ylim)
+function addUnicodeSeries!(o, d::KW, addlegend::Bool, xlim, ylim)
    # get the function, or special handling for step/bar/hist
-    st = plotattributes[:seriestype]
+    st = d[:seriestype]
    if st == :histogram2d
-        UnicodePlots.densityplot!(o, plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y])
+        UnicodePlots.densityplot!(o, d[:x], d[:y])
        return
    end

    if st in (:path, :straightline)
        func = UnicodePlots.lineplot!
-    elseif st == :scatter || plotattributes[:markershape] != :none
+    elseif st == :scatter || d[:markershape] != :none
        func = UnicodePlots.scatterplot!
    # elseif st == :bar
    #     func = UnicodePlots.barplot!
@@ -114,16 +156,16 @@ function addUnicodeSeries!(o, plotattributes::KW, addlegend::Bool, xlim, ylim)

    # get the series data and label
    x, y = if st == :straightline
-        straightline_data(plotattributes)
+        straightline_data(d)
    elseif st == :shape
-        shape_data(plotattributes)
+        shape_data(series)
    else
-        [collect(float(plotattributes[s])) for s in (:x, :y)]
+        [collect(float(d[s])) for s in (:x, :y)]
    end
-    label = addlegend ? plotattributes[:label] : ""
+    label = addlegend ? d[:label] : ""

    # if we happen to pass in allowed color symbols, great... otherwise let UnicodePlots decide
-    color = plotattributes[:linecolor] in UnicodePlots.color_cycle ? plotattributes[:linecolor] : :auto
+    color = d[:linecolor] in UnicodePlots.color_cycle ? d[:linecolor] : :auto

    # add the series
    x, y = Plots.unzip(collect(Base.Iterators.filter(xy->isfinite(xy[1])&&isfinite(xy[2]), zip(x,y))))
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
 # NOTE:  backend should implement `html_body` and `html_head`

 # CREDIT: parts of this implementation were inspired by @joshday's PlotlyLocal.jl
+@require Revise = "295af30f-e4ad-537b-8983-00126c2a3abe" begin
+    Revise.track(Plots, joinpath(Pkg.dir("Plots"), "src", "backends", "web.jl"))
+end

 function standalone_html(plt::AbstractPlot; title::AbstractString = get(plt.attr, :window_title, "Plots.jl"))
    """
@@ -42,14 +45,8 @@ function write_temp_html(plt::AbstractPlot)
 end

 function standalone_html_window(plt::AbstractPlot)
-    old = use_local_dependencies[] # save state to restore afterwards
-    # if we open a browser ourself, we can host local files, so
-    # when we have a local plotly downloaded this is the way to go!
-    use_local_dependencies[] = isfile(plotly_local_file_path)
    filename = write_temp_html(plt)
    open_browser_window(filename)
-    # restore for other backends
-    use_local_dependencies[] = old
 end

 # uses wkhtmltopdf/wkhtmltoimage: http://wkhtmltopdf.org/downloads.html
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@


-const P2 = StaticArrays.SVector{2,Float64}
-const P3 = StaticArrays.SVector{3,Float64}
+const P2 = FixedSizeArrays.Vec{2,Float64}
+const P3 = FixedSizeArrays.Vec{3,Float64}

 nanpush!(a::AbstractVector{P2}, b) = (push!(a, P2(NaN,NaN)); push!(a, b))
 nanappend!(a::AbstractVector{P2}, b) = (push!(a, P2(NaN,NaN)); append!(a, b))
 nanpush!(a::AbstractVector{P3}, b) = (push!(a, P3(NaN,NaN,NaN)); push!(a, b))
 nanappend!(a::AbstractVector{P3}, b) = (push!(a, P3(NaN,NaN,NaN)); append!(a, b))
-compute_angle(v::P2) = (angle = atan(v[2], v[1]); angle < 0 ? 2π - angle : angle)
+compute_angle(v::P2) = (angle = atan2(v[2], v[1]); angle < 0 ? 2π - angle : angle)

 # -------------------------------------------------------------

@@ -256,24 +256,8 @@ mutable struct Font
  color::Colorant
 end

-"""
-    font(args...)
-Create a Font from a list of features. Values may be specified either as
-arguments (which are distinguished by type/value) or as keyword arguments.
-# Arguments
- `family`: AbstractString. "serif" or "sans-serif" or "monospace" 
- `pointsize`: Integer. Size of font in points
- `halign`: Symbol. Horizontal alignment (:hcenter, :left, or :right)
- `valign`: Symbol. Vertical aligment (:vcenter, :top, or :bottom)
- `rotation`: Real. Angle of rotation for text in degrees (use a non-integer type)
- `color`: Colorant or Symbol
-# Examples 
-```julia-repl
-julia> font(8)
-julia> font(family="serif",halign=:center,rotation=45.0)
-```
-"""
-function font(args...;kw...)
+"Create a Font from a list of unordered features"
+function font(args...)

  # defaults
  family = "sans-serif"
@@ -313,33 +297,7 @@ function font(args...;kw...)
    elseif typeof(arg) <: Real
      rotation = convert(Float64, arg)
    else
-      @warn("Unused font arg: $arg ($(typeof(arg)))")
-    end
-  end
-
-  for symbol in keys(kw)
-    if symbol == :family
-      family = kw[:family]
-    elseif symbol == :pointsize
-      pointsize = kw[:pointsize]
-    elseif symbol == :halign
-      halign = kw[:halign]
-      if halign == :center
-        halign = :hcenter
-      end
-      @assert halign in (:hcenter, :left, :right)
-    elseif symbol == :valign
-      valign = kw[:valign]
-      if valign == :center
-        valign = :vcenter
-      end
-      @assert valign in (:vcenter, :top, :bottom)
-    elseif symbol == :rotation
-      rotation = kw[:rotation]
-    elseif symbol == :color
-      color = parse(Colorant, kw[:color])
-    else
-      @warn("Unused font kwarg: $symbol")
+      warn("Unused font arg: $arg ($(typeof(arg)))")
    end
  end

@@ -386,16 +344,15 @@ end
 PlotText(str) = PlotText(string(str), font())

 """
-    text(string, args...; kw...)
+    text(string, args...)

-Create a PlotText object wrapping a string with font info, for plot annotations. 
-`args` and `kw` are passed to `font`. 
+Create a PlotText object wrapping a string with font info, for plot annotations
 """
 text(t::PlotText) = t
 text(t::PlotText, font::Font) = PlotText(t.str, font)
 text(str::AbstractString, f::Font) = PlotText(str, f)
-function text(str, args...;kw...)
-  PlotText(string(str), font(args...;kw...))
+function text(str, args...)
+  PlotText(string(str), font(args...))
 end

 Base.length(t::PlotText) = length(t.str)
@@ -439,7 +396,7 @@ function stroke(args...; alpha = nothing)
    elseif allReals(arg)
      width = arg
    else
-      @warn("Unused stroke arg: $arg ($(typeof(arg)))")
+      warn("Unused stroke arg: $arg ($(typeof(arg)))")
    end
  end

@@ -472,7 +429,7 @@ function brush(args...; alpha = nothing)
    elseif allReals(arg)
      size = arg
    else
-      @warn("Unused brush arg: $arg ($(typeof(arg)))")
+      warn("Unused brush arg: $arg ($(typeof(arg)))")
    end
  end

@@ -503,7 +460,7 @@ function series_annotations(strs::AbstractVector, args...)
        elseif is_2tuple(arg)
            scalefactor = arg
        else
-            @warn("Unused SeriesAnnotations arg: $arg ($(typeof(arg)))")
+            warn("Unused SeriesAnnotations arg: $arg ($(typeof(arg)))")
        end
    end
    # if scalefactor != 1
@@ -534,7 +491,7 @@ function series_annotations_shapes!(series::Series, scaletype::Symbol = :pixels)
        # with a list of custom shapes for each
        msw,msh = anns.scalefactor
        msize = Float64[]
-        shapes = Vector{Shape}(undef, length(anns.strs))
+        shapes = Vector{Shape}(length(anns.strs))
        for i in eachindex(anns.strs)
            str = _cycle(anns.strs,i)

@@ -552,7 +509,7 @@ function series_annotations_shapes!(series::Series, scaletype::Symbol = :pixels)
            # and then re-scale a copy of baseshape to match the w/h ratio
            maxscale = max(xscale, yscale)
            push!(msize, maxscale)
-            baseshape = _cycle(anns.baseshape, i)
+            baseshape = _cycle(get(anns.baseshape),i)
            shapes[i] = scale(baseshape, msw*xscale/maxscale, msh*yscale/maxscale, (0,0))
        end
        series[:markershape] = shapes
@@ -566,12 +523,9 @@ mutable struct EachAnn
    x
    y
 end
-
-function Base.iterate(ea::EachAnn, i = 1)
-    if ea.anns == nothing || isempty(ea.anns.strs) || i > length(ea.y)
-        return nothing
-    end
-
+Base.start(ea::EachAnn) = 1
+Base.done(ea::EachAnn, i) = ea.anns == nothing || isempty(ea.anns.strs) || i > length(ea.y)
+function Base.next(ea::EachAnn, i)
    tmp = _cycle(ea.anns.strs,i)
    str,fnt = if isa(tmp, PlotText)
        tmp.str, tmp.font
@@ -597,7 +551,7 @@ function process_annotation(sp::Subplot, xs, ys, labs, font = font())
            alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
            push!(anns, (x, y, text(string("(", alphabet[sp[:subplot_index]], ")"), font)))
        else
-            push!(anns, (x, y, isa(lab, PlotText) ? lab : isa(lab, Tuple) ? text(lab...) : text(lab, font)))
+            push!(anns, (x, y, isa(lab, PlotText) ? lab : text(lab, font)))
        end
    end
    anns
@@ -612,7 +566,7 @@ function process_annotation(sp::Subplot, positions::Union{AVec{Symbol},Symbol},
            alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
            push!(anns, (pos, text(string("(", alphabet[sp[:subplot_index]], ")"), font)))
        else
-            push!(anns, (pos, isa(lab, PlotText) ? lab : isa(lab, Tuple) ? text(lab...) : text(lab, font)))
+            push!(anns, (pos, isa(lab, PlotText) ? lab : text(lab, font)))
        end
    end
    anns
@@ -747,7 +701,7 @@ function arrow(args...)
        elseif T <: Tuple && length(arg) == 2
            headlength, headwidth = Float64(arg[1]), Float64(arg[2])
        else
-            @warn("Skipped arrow arg $arg")
+            warn("Skipped arrow arg $arg")
        end
    end
    Arrow(style, side, headlength, headwidth)
@@ -779,7 +733,7 @@ end

 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 "create a BezierCurve for plotting"
-mutable struct BezierCurve{T <: StaticArrays.SVector}
+mutable struct BezierCurve{T <: FixedSizeArrays.Vec}
    control_points::Vector{T}
 end

@@ -793,7 +747,7 @@ function (bc::BezierCurve)(t::Real)
 end

 # mean(x::Real, y::Real) = 0.5*(x+y) #commented out as I cannot see this used anywhere and it overwrites a Base method with different functionality
-# mean{N,T<:Real}(ps::StaticArrays.SVector{N,T}...) = sum(ps) / length(ps) # I also could not see this used anywhere, and it's type piracy - implementing a NaNMath version for this would just involve converting to a standard array
+# mean{N,T<:Real}(ps::FixedSizeArrays.Vec{N,T}...) = sum(ps) / length(ps) # I also could not see this used anywhere, and it's type piracy - implementing a NaNMath version for this would just involve converting to a standard array

@deprecate curve_points coords

@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+
+# https://github.com/bokeh/Bokeh.jl
+
+
+supported_attrs(::BokehBackend) = merge_with_base_supported([
+    # :annotations,
+    # :axis,
+    # :background_color,
+    :linecolor,
+    # :color_palette,
+    # :fillrange,
+    # :fillcolor,
+    # :fillalpha,
+    # :foreground_color,
+    :group,
+    # :label,
+    # :layout,
+    # :legend,
+    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
+    :linestyle,
+    :seriestype,
+    :linewidth,
+    # :linealpha,
+    :markershape,
+    :markercolor,
+    :markersize,
+    # :markeralpha,
+    # :markerstrokewidth,
+    # :markerstrokecolor,
+    # :markerstrokestyle,
+    # :n,
+    # :bins,
+    # :nc,
+    # :nr,
+    # :pos,
+    # :smooth,
+    # :show,
+    :size,
+    :title,
+    # :window_title,
+    :x,
+    # :xguide,
+    # :xlims,
+    # :xticks,
+    :y,
+    # :yguide,
+    # :ylims,
+    # :yrightlabel,
+    # :yticks,
+    # :xscale,
+    # :yscale,
+    # :xflip,
+    # :yflip,
+    # :z,
+    # :tickfont,
+    # :guidefont,
+    # :legendfont,
+    # :grid,
+    # :surface,
+    # :levels,
+  ])
+supported_types(::BokehBackend) = [:path, :scatter]
+supported_styles(::BokehBackend) = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot, :dashdotdot]
+supported_markers(::BokehBackend) = [:none, :auto, :circle, :rect, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle, :cross, :xcross, :star5]
+supported_scales(::BokehBackend) = [:identity, :ln]
+is_subplot_supported(::BokehBackend) = false
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+
+function _initialize_backend(::BokehBackend; kw...)
+  @eval begin
+    @warn("Bokeh is no longer supported... many features will likely be broken.")
+    import Bokeh
+    export Bokeh
+  end
+end
+
+
+const _glyphtypes = KW(
+    :circle    => :Circle,
+    :rect       => :Square,
+    :diamond    => :Diamond,
+    :utriangle  => :Triangle,
+    :dtriangle  => :InvertedTriangle,
+    # :pentagon   =>
+    # :hexagon    =>
+    # :heptagon   =>
+    # :octagon    =>
+    :cross      => :Cross,
+    :xcross     => :X,
+    :star5      => :Asterisk,
+  )
+
+
+function bokeh_glyph_type(d::KW)
+  st = d[:seriestype]
+  mt = d[:markershape]
+  if st == :scatter && mt == :none
+    mt = :circle
+  end
+
+  # if we have a marker, use that
+  if st == :scatter || mt != :none
+    return _glyphtypes[mt]
+  end
+
+  # otherwise return a line
+  return :Line
+end
+
+function get_stroke_vector(linestyle::Symbol)
+  dash = 12
+  dot = 3
+  gap = 2
+  linestyle == :solid && return Int[]
+  linestyle == :dash && return Int[dash, gap]
+  linestyle == :dot && return Int[dot, gap]
+  linestyle == :dashdot && return Int[dash, gap, dot, gap]
+  linestyle == :dashdotdot && return Int[dash, gap, dot, gap, dot, gap]
+  error("unsupported linestyle: ", linestyle)
+end
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# function _create_plot(pkg::BokehBackend, d::KW)
+function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{BokehBackend})
+  # TODO: create the window/canvas/context that is the plot within the backend (call it `o`)
+  # TODO: initialize the plot... title, xlabel, bgcolor, etc
+
+  datacolumns = Bokeh.BokehDataSet[]
+  tools = Bokeh.tools()
+  filename = tempname() * ".html"
+  title = plt.attr[:title]
+  w, h = plt.attr[:size]
+  xaxis_type = plt.attr[:xscale] == :log10 ? :log : :auto
+  yaxis_type = plt.attr[:yscale] == :log10 ? :log : :auto
+  # legend = plt.attr[:legend] ? xxxx : nothing
+  legend = nothing
+  extra_args = KW()  # TODO: we'll put extra settings (xlim, etc) here
+  Bokeh.Plot(datacolumns, tools, filename, title, w, h, xaxis_type, yaxis_type, legend) #, extra_args)
+
+  # Plot(bplt, pkg, 0, d, KW[])
+end
+
+
+# function _series_added(::BokehBackend, plt::Plot, d::KW)
+function _series_added(plt::Plot{BokehBackend}, series::Series)
+  bdata = Dict{Symbol, Vector}(:x => collect(series.d[:x]), :y => collect(series.d[:y]))
+
+  glyph = Bokeh.Bokehjs.Glyph(
+      glyphtype = bokeh_glyph_type(d),
+      linecolor = webcolor(d[:linecolor]),  # shape's stroke or line color
+      linewidth = d[:linewidth],          # shape's stroke width or line width
+      fillcolor = webcolor(d[:markercolor]),
+      size      = ceil(Int, d[:markersize] * 2.5),  # magic number 2.5 to keep in same scale as other backends
+      dash      = get_stroke_vector(d[:linestyle])
+    )
+
+  legend = nothing  # TODO
+  push!(plt.o.datacolumns, Bokeh.BokehDataSet(bdata, glyph, legend))
+
+  # push!(plt.seriesargs, d)
+  # plt
+end
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# TODO: override this to update plot items (title, xlabel, etc) after creation
+function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{BokehBackend}, d::KW)
+end
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# accessors for x/y data
+
+# function getxy(plt::Plot{BokehBackend}, i::Int)
+#   series = plt.o.datacolumns[i].data
+#   series[:x], series[:y]
+# end
+#
+# function setxy!(plt::Plot{BokehBackend}, xy::Tuple{X,Y}, i::Integer)
+#   series = plt.o.datacolumns[i].data
+#   series[:x], series[:y] = xy
+#   plt
+# end
+
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function Base.show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::AbstractPlot{BokehBackend})
+  # TODO: write a png to io
+  @warn("mime png not implemented")
+end
+
+function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, plt::Plot{BokehBackend})
+  Bokeh.showplot(plt.o)
+end
+
+# function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, plt::Subplot{BokehBackend})
+#   # TODO: display/show the subplot
+# end
@@ -0,0 +1,744 @@
+
+# https://github.com/dcjones/Gadfly.jl
+
+
+supported_attrs(::GadflyBackend) = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :background_color, :foreground_color, :color_palette,
+    :group, :label, :seriestype,
+    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
+    :linecolor, :linestyle, :linewidth, :linealpha,
+    :markershape, :markercolor, :markersize, :markeralpha,
+    :markerstrokewidth, :markerstrokecolor, :markerstrokealpha,
+    :fillrange, :fillcolor, :fillalpha,
+    :bins, :n, :nc, :nr, :layout, :smooth,
+    :title, :window_title, :show, :size,
+    :x, :xguide, :xlims, :xticks, :xscale, :xflip,
+    :y, :yguide, :ylims, :yticks, :yscale, :yflip,
+    :z,
+    :tickfont, :guidefont, :legendfont,
+    :grid, :legend, :colorbar,
+    :marker_z, :levels,
+    :xerror, :yerror,
+    :ribbon, :quiver,
+    :orientation,
+  ])
+supported_types(::GadflyBackend) = [
+        :path,
+        :scatter, :hexbin,
+        :bar,
+        :contour, :shape
+    ]
+supported_styles(::GadflyBackend) = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot, :dashdotdot]
+supported_markers(::GadflyBackend) = vcat(_allMarkers, Shape)
+supported_scales(::GadflyBackend) = [:identity, :ln, :log2, :log10, :asinh, :sqrt]
+is_subplot_supported(::GadflyBackend) = true
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function _initialize_backend(::GadflyBackend; kw...)
+    @eval begin
+        import Gadfly, Compose
+        export Gadfly, Compose
+        include(joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__), "gadfly_shapes.jl"))
+    end
+end
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# immutable MissingVec <: AbstractVector{Float64} end
+# Base.size(v::MissingVec) = (1,)
+# Base.getindex(v::MissingVec, i::Integer) = 0.0
+
+function createGadflyPlotObject(d::KW)
+    gplt = Gadfly.Plot()
+    gplt.mapping = Dict()
+    gplt.data_source = Gadfly.DataFrames.DataFrame()
+    # gplt.layers = gplt.layers[1:0]
+    gplt.layers = [Gadfly.layer(Gadfly.Geom.point(tag=:remove), x=zeros(1), y=zeros(1));] # x=MissingVec(), y=MissingVec());]
+    gplt.guides = Gadfly.GuideElement[Gadfly.Guide.xlabel(d[:xguide]),
+                                   Gadfly.Guide.ylabel(d[:yguide]),
+                                   Gadfly.Guide.title(d[:title])]
+    gplt
+end
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+function getLineGeom(d::KW)
+    st = d[:seriestype]
+    xbins, ybins = maketuple(d[:bins])
+    if st == :hexb
+        Gadfly.Geom.hexbin(xbincount = xbins, ybincount = ybins)
+    elseif st == :histogram2d
+        Gadfly.Geom.histogram2d(xbincount = xbins, ybincount = ybins)
+    elseif st == :histogram
+        Gadfly.Geom.histogram(bincount = xbins,
+                              orientation = isvertical(d) ? :vertical : :horizontal,
+                              position = d[:bar_position] == :stack ? :stack : :dodge)
+    elseif st == :path
+        Gadfly.Geom.path
+    elseif st in (:bar, :sticks)
+        Gadfly.Geom.bar
+    elseif st == :steppost
+        Gadfly.Geom.step
+    elseif st == :steppre
+        Gadfly.Geom.step(direction = :vh)
+    elseif st == :hline
+        Gadfly.Geom.hline
+    elseif st == :vline
+        Gadfly.Geom.vline
+    elseif st == :contour
+        Gadfly.Geom.contour(levels = d[:levels])
+    # elseif st == :shape
+    #     Gadfly.Geom.polygon(fill = true, preserve_order = true)
+    else
+        nothing
+    end
+end
+
+function get_extra_theme_args(d::KW, k::Symbol)
+    # gracefully handles old Gadfly versions
+    extra_theme_args = KW()
+    try
+        extra_theme_args[:line_style] = Gadfly.get_stroke_vector(d[k])
+    catch err
+        if string(err) == "UndefVarError(:get_stroke_vector)"
+            Base.warn_once("Gadfly.get_stroke_vector failed... do you have an old version of Gadfly?")
+        else
+            rethrow()
+        end
+    end
+    extra_theme_args
+end
+
+function getGadflyLineTheme(d::KW)
+    st = d[:seriestype]
+    lc = convertColor(getColor(d[:linecolor]), d[:linealpha])
+    fc = convertColor(getColor(d[:fillcolor]), d[:fillalpha])
+
+    Gadfly.Theme(;
+        default_color = (st in (:histogram,:histogram2d,:hexbin,:bar,:sticks) ? fc : lc),
+        line_width = (st == :sticks ? 1 : d[:linewidth]) * Gadfly.px,
+        # line_style = Gadfly.get_stroke_vector(d[:linestyle]),
+        lowlight_color = x->RGB(fc),  # fill/ribbon
+        lowlight_opacity = alpha(fc), # fill/ribbon
+        bar_highlight = RGB(lc),      # bars
+        get_extra_theme_args(d, :linestyle)...
+    )
+end
+
+# add a line as a new layer
+function addGadflyLine!(plt::Plot, numlayers::Int, d::KW, geoms...)
+    gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
+    gfargs = vcat(geoms..., getGadflyLineTheme(d))
+    kwargs = KW()
+    st = d[:seriestype]
+
+    # add a fill?
+    if d[:fillrange] != nothing && st != :contour
+        fillmin, fillmax = map(makevec, maketuple(d[:fillrange]))
+        nmin, nmax = length(fillmin), length(fillmax)
+        kwargs[:ymin] = Float64[min(y, fillmin[mod1(i, nmin)], fillmax[mod1(i, nmax)]) for (i,y) in enumerate(d[:y])]
+        kwargs[:ymax] = Float64[max(y, fillmin[mod1(i, nmin)], fillmax[mod1(i, nmax)]) for (i,y) in enumerate(d[:y])]
+        push!(gfargs, Gadfly.Geom.ribbon)
+    end
+
+    if st in (:hline, :vline)
+        kwargs[st == :hline ? :yintercept : :xintercept] = d[:y]
+
+    else
+        if st == :sticks
+            w = 0.01 * mean(diff(d[:x]))
+            kwargs[:xmin] = d[:x] - w
+            kwargs[:xmax] = d[:x] + w
+        elseif st == :contour
+            kwargs[:z] = d[:z].surf
+            addGadflyContColorScale(plt, d[:linecolor])
+        end
+
+        kwargs[:x] = d[st == :histogram ? :y : :x]
+        kwargs[:y] = d[:y]
+
+    end
+
+    # # add the layer
+    Gadfly.layer(gfargs...; order=numlayers, kwargs...)
+end
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+get_shape(sym::Symbol) = _shapes[sym]
+get_shape(shape::Shape) = shape
+
+# extract the underlying ShapeGeometry object(s)
+getMarkerGeom(shapes::AVec) = gadflyshape(map(get_shape, shapes))
+getMarkerGeom(other) = gadflyshape(get_shape(other))
+
+# getMarkerGeom(shape::Shape) = gadflyshape(shape)
+# getMarkerGeom(shape::Symbol) = gadflyshape(_shapes[shape])
+# getMarkerGeom(shapes::AVec) = gadflyshape(map(gadflyshape, shapes)) # map(getMarkerGeom, shapes)
+function getMarkerGeom(d::KW)
+    if d[:seriestype] == :shape
+        Gadfly.Geom.polygon(fill = true, preserve_order = true)
+    else
+        getMarkerGeom(d[:markershape])
+    end
+end
+
+function getGadflyMarkerTheme(d::KW, attr::KW)
+    c = getColor(d[:markercolor])
+    α = d[:markeralpha]
+    if α != nothing
+        c = RGBA(RGB(c), α)
+    end
+
+    ms = d[:markersize]
+    ms = if typeof(ms) <: AVec
+        warn("Gadfly doesn't support variable marker sizes... using the average: $(mean(ms))")
+        mean(ms) * Gadfly.px
+    else
+        ms * Gadfly.px
+    end
+
+    Gadfly.Theme(;
+        default_color = c,
+        default_point_size = ms,
+        discrete_highlight_color = c -> RGB(getColor(d[:markerstrokecolor])),
+        highlight_width = d[:markerstrokewidth] * Gadfly.px,
+        line_width = d[:markerstrokewidth] * Gadfly.px,
+        # get_extra_theme_args(d, :markerstrokestyle)...
+    )
+end
+
+function addGadflyContColorScale(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, c)
+    plt.attr[:colorbar] == :none && return
+    if !isa(c, ColorGradient)
+        c = default_gradient()
+    end
+    push!(getGadflyContext(plt).scales, Gadfly.Scale.ContinuousColorScale(p -> RGB(getColorZ(c, p))))
+end
+
+function addGadflyMarker!(plt::Plot, numlayers::Int, d::KW, attr::KW, geoms...)
+    gfargs = vcat(geoms..., getGadflyMarkerTheme(d, attr), getMarkerGeom(d))
+    kwargs = KW()
+
+    # handle continuous color scales for the markers
+    zcolor = d[:marker_z]
+    if zcolor != nothing && typeof(zcolor) <: AVec
+        kwargs[:color] = zcolor
+        addGadflyContColorScale(plt, d[:markercolor])
+    end
+
+    Gadfly.layer(gfargs...; x = d[:x], y = d[:y], order=numlayers, kwargs...)
+end
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function addToGadflyLegend(plt::Plot, d::KW)
+    if plt.attr[:legend] != :none && d[:label] != ""
+        gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
+
+        # add the legend if needed
+        if all(g -> !isa(g, Gadfly.Guide.ManualColorKey), gplt.guides)
+            pushfirst!(gplt.guides, Gadfly.Guide.manual_color_key("", AbstractString[], Color[]))
+        end
+
+        # now add the series to the legend
+        for guide in gplt.guides
+            if isa(guide, Gadfly.Guide.ManualColorKey)
+                # TODO: there's a BUG in gadfly if you pass in the same color more than once,
+                # since gadfly will call unique(colors), but doesn't also merge the rows that match
+                # Should ensure from this side that colors which are the same are merged together
+
+                c = getColor(d[d[:markershape] == :none ? :linecolor : :markercolor])
+                foundit = false
+
+                # extend the label if we found this color
+                for i in 1:length(guide.colors)
+                    if RGB(c) == guide.colors[i]
+                        guide.labels[i] *= ", " * d[:label]
+                        foundit = true
+                    end
+                end
+
+                # didn't find the color, so add a new entry into the legend
+                if !foundit
+                    push!(guide.labels, d[:label])
+                    push!(guide.colors, c)
+                end
+            end
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+getGadflySmoothing(smooth::Bool) = smooth ? [Gadfly.Geom.smooth(method=:lm)] : Any[]
+getGadflySmoothing(smooth::Real) = [Gadfly.Geom.smooth(method=:loess, smoothing=float(smooth))]
+
+
+function addGadflySeries!(plt::Plot, d::KW)
+    layers = Gadfly.Layer[]
+    gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
+
+    # add a regression line?
+    # TODO: make more flexible
+    smooth = getGadflySmoothing(d[:smooth])
+
+    # lines
+    geom = getLineGeom(d)
+    if geom != nothing
+        prepend!(layers, addGadflyLine!(plt, length(gplt.layers), d, geom, smooth...))
+        smooth = Any[] # don't add a regression for markers too
+    end
+
+    # special handling for ohlc and scatter
+    st = d[:seriestype]
+    # if st == :ohlc
+    #     error("Haven't re-implemented after refactoring")
+    if st in (:histogram2d, :hexbin) && (isa(d[:fillcolor], ColorGradient) || isa(d[:fillcolor], ColorFunction))
+        push!(gplt.scales, Gadfly.Scale.ContinuousColorScale(p -> RGB(getColorZ(d[:fillcolor], p))))
+    elseif st == :scatter && d[:markershape] == :none
+        d[:markershape] = :circle
+    end
+
+    # markers
+    if d[:markershape] != :none || st == :shape
+        prepend!(layers, addGadflyMarker!(plt, length(gplt.layers), d, plt.attr, smooth...))
+    end
+
+    st in (:histogram2d, :hexbin, :contour) || addToGadflyLegend(plt, d)
+
+    # now save the layers that apply to this series
+    d[:gadflylayers] = layers
+    prepend!(gplt.layers, layers)
+end
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# NOTE: I'm leaving this here and commented out just in case I want to implement again... it was hacky code to create multi-colored line segments
+
+#   # colorgroup
+#   z = d[:z]
+
+#   # handle line segments of different colors
+#   cscheme = d[:linecolor]
+#   if isa(cscheme, ColorVector)
+#     # create a color scale, and set the color group to the index of the color
+#     push!(gplt.scales, Gadfly.Scale.color_discrete_manual(cscheme.v...))
+
+#     # this is super weird, but... oh well... for some reason this creates n separate line segments...
+#     # create a list of vertices that go: [x1,x2,x2,x3,x3, ... ,xi,xi, ... xn,xn] (same for y)
+#     # then the vector passed to the "color" keyword should be a vector: [1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4, ..., i,i, ... , n,n]
+#     csindices = Int[mod1(i,length(cscheme.v)) for i in 1:length(d[:y])]
+#     cs = collect(repeat(csindices', 2, 1))[1:end-1]
+#     grp = collect(repeat((1:length(d[:y]))', 2, 1))[1:end-1]
+#     d[:x], d[:y] = map(createSegments, (d[:x], d[:y]))
+#     colorgroup = [(:linecolor, cs), (:group, grp)]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+function addGadflyTicksGuide(gplt, ticks, isx::Bool)
+    ticks == :auto && return
+
+    # remove the ticks?
+    if ticks in (:none, false, nothing)
+        return addOrReplace(gplt.guides, isx ? Gadfly.Guide.xticks : Gadfly.Guide.yticks; label=false)
+    end
+
+    ttype = ticksType(ticks)
+
+    # just the values... put ticks here, but use standard labels
+    if ttype == :ticks
+        gtype = isx ? Gadfly.Guide.xticks : Gadfly.Guide.yticks
+        replaceType(gplt.guides, gtype(ticks = collect(ticks)))
+
+    # set the ticks and the labels
+    # Note: this is pretty convoluted, but I think it works.  We set the ticks using Gadfly.Guide,
+    #   and then set the label function (wraps a dict lookup) through a continuous Gadfly.Scale.
+    elseif ttype == :ticks_and_labels
+        gtype = isx ? Gadfly.Guide.xticks : Gadfly.Guide.yticks
+        replaceType(gplt.guides, gtype(ticks = collect(ticks[1])))
+
+        # # TODO add xtick_label function (given tick, return label??)
+        # # Scale.x_discrete(; labels=nothing, levels=nothing, order=nothing)
+        # filterGadflyScale(gplt, isx)
+        # gfunc = isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_discrete : Gadfly.Scale.y_discrete
+        # labelmap = Dict(zip(ticks...))
+        # labelfunc = val -> labelmap[val]
+        # push!(gplt.scales, gfunc(levels = collect(ticks[1]), labels = labelfunc))
+
+        filterGadflyScale(gplt, isx)
+        gfunc = isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_continuous : Gadfly.Scale.y_continuous
+        labelmap = Dict(zip(ticks...))
+        labelfunc = val -> labelmap[val]
+        push!(gplt.scales, gfunc(labels = labelfunc))
+
+    else
+        error("Invalid input for $(isx ? "xticks" : "yticks"): ", ticks)
+    end
+end
+
+continuousAndSameAxis(scale, isx::Bool) = isa(scale, Gadfly.Scale.ContinuousScale) && scale.vars[1] == (isx ? :x : :y)
+filterGadflyScale(gplt, isx::Bool) = filter!(scale -> !continuousAndSameAxis(scale, isx), gplt.scales)
+
+
+function getGadflyScaleFunction(d::KW, isx::Bool)
+    scalekey = isx ? :xscale : :yscale
+    hasScaleKey = haskey(d, scalekey)
+    if hasScaleKey
+        scale = d[scalekey]
+        scale == :ln && return isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_log : Gadfly.Scale.y_log, hasScaleKey, log
+        scale == :log2 && return isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_log2 : Gadfly.Scale.y_log2, hasScaleKey, log2
+        scale == :log10 && return isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_log10 : Gadfly.Scale.y_log10, hasScaleKey, log10
+        scale == :asinh && return isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_asinh : Gadfly.Scale.y_asinh, hasScaleKey, asinh
+        scale == :sqrt && return isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_sqrt : Gadfly.Scale.y_sqrt, hasScaleKey, sqrt
+    end
+    isx ? Gadfly.Scale.x_continuous : Gadfly.Scale.y_continuous, hasScaleKey, identity
+end
+
+
+function addGadflyLimitsScale(gplt, d::KW, isx::Bool)
+    gfunc, hasScaleKey, func = getGadflyScaleFunction(d, isx)
+
+    # do we want to add min/max limits for the axis?
+    limsym = isx ? :xlims : :ylims
+    limargs = Any[]
+
+    # map :auto to nothing, otherwise add to limargs
+    lims = get(d, limsym, :auto)
+    if lims == :auto
+        lims = nothing
+    else
+        if limsType(lims) == :limits
+            push!(limargs, (:minvalue, min(lims...)))
+            push!(limargs, (:maxvalue, max(lims...)))
+        else
+            error("Invalid input for $(isx ? "xlims" : "ylims"): ", lims)
+        end
+    end
+
+    # replace any current scales with this one
+    if hasScaleKey || !isempty(limargs)
+        filterGadflyScale(gplt, isx)
+        push!(gplt.scales, gfunc(; limargs...))
+    end
+
+    lims, func
+end
+
+function updateGadflyAxisFlips(gplt, d::KW, xlims, ylims, xfunc, yfunc)
+    if isa(gplt.coord, Gadfly.Coord.Cartesian)
+        gplt.coord = Gadfly.Coord.cartesian(
+            gplt.coord.xvars,
+            gplt.coord.yvars;
+            xmin = xlims == nothing ? gplt.coord.xmin : xfunc(minimum(xlims)),
+            xmax = xlims == nothing ? gplt.coord.xmax : xfunc(maximum(xlims)),
+            ymin = ylims == nothing ? gplt.coord.ymin : yfunc(minimum(ylims)),
+            ymax = ylims == nothing ? gplt.coord.ymax : yfunc(maximum(ylims)),
+            xflip = get(d, :xflip, gplt.coord.xflip),
+            yflip = get(d, :yflip, gplt.coord.yflip),
+            fixed = gplt.coord.fixed,
+            aspect_ratio = gplt.coord.aspect_ratio,
+            raster = gplt.coord.raster
+        )
+    else
+        gplt.coord = Gadfly.Coord.Cartesian(
+            xflip = get(d, :xflip, false),
+            yflip = get(d, :yflip, false)
+        )
+    end
+end
+
+
+function findGuideAndSet(gplt, t::DataType, args...; kw...)
+    for (i,guide) in enumerate(gplt.guides)
+        if isa(guide, t)
+            gplt.guides[i] = t(args...; kw...)
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+function updateGadflyGuides(plt::Plot, d::KW)
+    gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
+    haskey(d, :title) && findGuideAndSet(gplt, Gadfly.Guide.title, string(d[:title]))
+    haskey(d, :xguide) && findGuideAndSet(gplt, Gadfly.Guide.xlabel, string(d[:xguide]))
+    haskey(d, :yguide) && findGuideAndSet(gplt, Gadfly.Guide.ylabel, string(d[:yguide]))
+
+    xlims, xfunc = addGadflyLimitsScale(gplt, d, true)
+    ylims, yfunc = addGadflyLimitsScale(gplt, d, false)
+
+    ticks = get(d, :xticks, :auto)
+    if ticks == :none
+        _remove_axis(plt, true)
+    else
+        addGadflyTicksGuide(gplt, ticks, true)
+    end
+    ticks = get(d, :yticks, :auto)
+    if ticks == :none
+        _remove_axis(plt, false)
+    else
+        addGadflyTicksGuide(gplt, ticks, false)
+    end
+
+    updateGadflyAxisFlips(gplt, d, xlims, ylims, xfunc, yfunc)
+end
+
+function updateGadflyPlotTheme(plt::Plot, d::KW)
+    kwargs = KW()
+
+    # colors
+    insidecolor, gridcolor, textcolor, guidecolor, legendcolor =
+        map(s -> getColor(d[s]), (
+            :background_color_inside,
+            :foreground_color_grid,
+            :foreground_color_text,
+            :foreground_color_guide,
+            :foreground_color_legend
+        ))
+
+    # # hide the legend?
+    leg = d[d[:legend] == :none ? :colorbar : :legend]
+    if leg != :best
+        kwargs[:key_position] = leg == :inside ? :right : leg
+    end
+
+    if !get(d, :grid, true)
+        kwargs[:grid_color] = gridcolor
+    end
+
+    # fonts
+    tfont, gfont, lfont = d[:tickfont], d[:guidefont], d[:legendfont]
+
+    getGadflyContext(plt).theme = Gadfly.Theme(;
+        background_color = insidecolor,
+        minor_label_color = textcolor,
+        minor_label_font = tfont.family,
+        minor_label_font_size = tfont.pointsize * Gadfly.pt,
+        major_label_color = guidecolor,
+        major_label_font = gfont.family,
+        major_label_font_size = gfont.pointsize * Gadfly.pt,
+        key_title_color = guidecolor,
+        key_title_font = gfont.family,
+        key_title_font_size = gfont.pointsize * Gadfly.pt,
+        key_label_color = legendcolor,
+        key_label_font = lfont.family,
+        key_label_font_size = lfont.pointsize * Gadfly.pt,
+        plot_padding = 1 * Gadfly.mm,
+        kwargs...
+    )
+end
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+function createGadflyAnnotationObject(x, y, val::AbstractString)
+    Gadfly.Guide.annotation(Compose.compose(
+                              Compose.context(),
+                              Compose.text(x, y, val)
+                            ))
+end
+
+function createGadflyAnnotationObject(x, y, txt::PlotText)
+    halign = (txt.font.halign == :hcenter ? Compose.hcenter : (txt.font.halign == :left ? Compose.hleft : Compose.hright))
+    valign = (txt.font.valign == :vcenter ? Compose.vcenter : (txt.font.valign == :top ? Compose.vtop : Compose.vbottom))
+    rotations = (txt.font.rotation == 0.0 ? [] : [Compose.Rotation(txt.font.rotation, Compose.Point(Compose.x_measure(x), Compose.y_measure(y)))])
+    Gadfly.Guide.annotation(Compose.compose(
+                              Compose.context(),
+                              Compose.text(x, y, txt.str, halign, valign, rotations...),
+                              Compose.font(string(txt.font.family)),
+                              Compose.fontsize(txt.font.pointsize * Gadfly.pt),
+                              Compose.stroke(txt.font.color),
+                              Compose.fill(txt.font.color)
+                            ))
+end
+
+function _add_annotations(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, anns::AVec{Tuple{X,Y,V}}) where {X,Y,V}
+    for ann in anns
+        push!(plt.o.guides, createGadflyAnnotationObject(ann...))
+    end
+end
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# create a blank Gadfly.Plot object
+# function _create_plot(pkg::GadflyBackend, d::KW)
+#     gplt = createGadflyPlotObject(d)
+#     Plot(gplt, pkg, 0, d, KW[])
+# end
+function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend})
+    createGadflyPlotObject(plt.attr)
+end
+
+
+# plot one data series
+# function _series_added(::GadflyBackend, plt::Plot, d::KW)
+function _series_added(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, series::Series)
+    # first clear out the temporary layer
+    gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
+    if gplt.layers[1].geom.tag == :remove
+        gplt.layers = gplt.layers[2:end]
+    end
+
+    addGadflySeries!(plt, series.d)
+    # push!(plt.seriesargs, d)
+    # plt
+end
+
+
+
+function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, d::KW)
+    updateGadflyGuides(plt, d)
+    updateGadflyPlotTheme(plt, d)
+end
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# accessors for x/y data
+
+# TODO: need to save all the layer indices which apply to this series
+function getGadflyMappings(plt::Plot, i::Integer)
+    @assert i > 0 && i <= plt.n
+    mappings = [l.mapping for l in plt.seriesargs[i][:gadflylayers]]
+end
+
+function getxy(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, i::Integer)
+    mapping = getGadflyMappings(plt, i)[1]
+    mapping[:x], mapping[:y]
+end
+
+function setxy!(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, xy::Tuple{X,Y}, i::Integer) where {X,Y}
+    for mapping in getGadflyMappings(plt, i)
+        mapping[:x], mapping[:y] = xy
+    end
+    plt
+end
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+# # create the underlying object (each backend will do this differently)
+# function _create_subplot(subplt::Subplot{GadflyBackend}, isbefore::Bool)
+#     isbefore && return false # wait until after plotting to create the subplots
+#     subplt.o = nothing
+#     true
+# end
+
+
+function _remove_axis(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, isx::Bool)
+    gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
+    addOrReplace(gplt.guides, isx ? Gadfly.Guide.xticks : Gadfly.Guide.yticks; label=false)
+    addOrReplace(gplt.guides, isx ? Gadfly.Guide.xlabel : Gadfly.Guide.ylabel, "")
+end
+
+function _expand_limits(lims, plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}, isx::Bool)
+    for l in getGadflyContext(plt).layers
+        _expand_limits(lims, l.mapping[isx ? :x : :y])
+    end
+end
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+getGadflyContext(plt::Plot{GadflyBackend}) = plt.o
+# getGadflyContext(subplt::Subplot{GadflyBackend}) = buildGadflySubplotContext(subplt)
+
+# # create my Compose.Context grid by hstacking and vstacking the Gadfly.Plot objects
+# function buildGadflySubplotContext(subplt::Subplot)
+#     rows = Any[]
+#     row = Any[]
+#     for (i,(r,c)) in enumerate(subplt.layout)
+#
+#         # add the Plot object to the row
+#         push!(row, getGadflyContext(subplt.plts[i]))
+#
+#         # add the row
+#         if c == ncols(subplt.layout, r)
+#             push!(rows, Gadfly.hstack(row...))
+#             row = Any[]
+#         end
+#     end
+#
+#     # stack the rows
+#     Gadfly.vstack(rows...)
+# end
+
+setGadflyDisplaySize(w,h) = Compose.set_default_graphic_size(w * Compose.px, h * Compose.px)
+setGadflyDisplaySize(plt::Plot) = setGadflyDisplaySize(plt.attr[:size]...)
+# setGadflyDisplaySize(subplt::Subplot) = setGadflyDisplaySize(getattr(subplt, 1)[:size]...)
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+function doshow(io::IO, func, plt::AbstractPlot{P}) where P<:Union{GadflyBackend,ImmerseBackend}
+    gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
+    setGadflyDisplaySize(plt)
+    Gadfly.draw(func(io, Compose.default_graphic_width, Compose.default_graphic_height), gplt)
+end
+
+getGadflyWriteFunc(::MIME"image/png") = Gadfly.PNG
+getGadflyWriteFunc(::MIME"image/svg+xml") = Gadfly.SVG
+# getGadflyWriteFunc(::MIME"text/html") = Gadfly.SVGJS
+getGadflyWriteFunc(::MIME"application/pdf") = Gadfly.PDF
+getGadflyWriteFunc(::MIME"application/postscript") = Gadfly.PS
+getGadflyWriteFunc(::MIME"application/x-tex") = Gadfly.PGF
+getGadflyWriteFunc(m::MIME) = error("Unsupported in Gadfly/Immerse: ", m)
+
+for mime in (MIME"image/png", MIME"image/svg+xml", MIME"application/pdf", MIME"application/postscript", MIME"application/x-tex")
+    @eval function Base.show(io::IO, ::$mime, plt::AbstractPlot{P}) where P<:Union{GadflyBackend,ImmerseBackend}
+        func = getGadflyWriteFunc($mime())
+        doshow(io, func, plt)
+    end
+end
+
+
+
+function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, plt::Plot{GadflyBackend})
+    setGadflyDisplaySize(plt.attr[:size]...)
+    display(plt.o)
+end
+
+
+# function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, subplt::Subplot{GadflyBackend})
+#     setGadflyDisplaySize(getattr(subplt,1)[:size]...)
+#     ctx = buildGadflySubplotContext(subplt)
+#
+#     # taken from Gadfly since I couldn't figure out how to do it directly
+#
+#     filename = string(Gadfly.tempname(), ".html")
+#     output = open(filename, "w")
+#
+#     plot_output = IOBuffer()
+#     Gadfly.draw(Gadfly.SVGJS(plot_output, Compose.default_graphic_width,
+#              Compose.default_graphic_height, false), ctx)
+#     plotsvg = takebuf_string(plot_output)
+#
+#     write(output,
+#       """
+#       <!DOCTYPE html>
+#       <html>
+#         <head>
+#           <title>Gadfly Plot</title>
+#           <meta charset="utf-8">
+#         </head>
+#           <body>
+#           <script charset="utf-8">
+#               $(readall(Compose.snapsvgjs))
+#           </script>
+#           <script charset="utf-8">
+#               $(readall(Gadfly.gadflyjs))
+#           </script>
+#           $(plotsvg)
+#         </body>
+#       </html>
+#       """)
+#     close(output)
+#     Gadfly.open_file(filename)
+# end
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+
+
+# Geometry which displays arbitrary shapes at given (x, y) positions.
+# note: vertices is a list of shapes
+struct ShapeGeometry <: Gadfly.GeometryElement
+    vertices::AbstractVector #{Tuple{Float64,Float64}}
+    tag::Symbol
+
+    function ShapeGeometry(shape; tag::Symbol=Gadfly.Geom.empty_tag)
+        new(shape, tag)
+    end
+end
+
+# TODO: add for PR
+# const shape = ShapeGeometry
+
+
+function Gadfly.element_aesthetics(::ShapeGeometry)
+    [:x, :y, :size, :color]
+end
+
+
+# Generate a form for a shape geometry.
+#
+# Args:
+#   geom: shape geometry.
+#   theme: the plot's theme.
+#   aes: aesthetics.
+#
+# Returns:
+#   A compose Form.
+#
+function Gadfly.render(geom::ShapeGeometry, theme::Gadfly.Theme, aes::Gadfly.Aesthetics)
+
+    # TODO: add for PR
+    # Gadfly.assert_aesthetics_defined("Geom.shape", aes, :x, :y)
+    # Gadfly.assert_aesthetics_equal_length("Geom.shape", aes,
+    #                                       element_aesthetics(geom)...)
+
+    default_aes = Gadfly.Aesthetics()
+    default_aes.color = Gadfly.DataFrames.PooledDataArray(RGBA{Float32}[theme.default_color])
+    default_aes.size = Compose.Measure[theme.default_point_size]
+    aes = Gadfly.inherit(aes, default_aes)
+
+    lw_hover_scale = 10
+    lw_ratio = theme.line_width / aes.size[1]
+
+    aes_x, aes_y = Gadfly.concretize(aes.x, aes.y)
+
+    ctx = Compose.compose!(
+        Compose.context(),
+        make_polygon(geom, aes.x, aes.y, aes.size),
+        Compose.fill(aes.color),
+        Compose.linewidth(theme.highlight_width))
+
+    if aes.color_key_continuous != nothing && aes.color_key_continuous
+        Compose.compose!(ctx,
+            Compose.stroke(map(theme.continuous_highlight_color, aes.color)))
+    else
+        Compose.compose!(ctx,
+            Compose.stroke(map(theme.discrete_highlight_color, aes.color)),
+            Compose.svgclass([Gadfly.svg_color_class_from_label(Gadfly.escape_id(aes.color_label([c])[1]))
+                      for c in aes.color]))
+    end
+
+    return Compose.compose!(Compose.context(order=4), Compose.svgclass("geometry"), ctx)
+end
+
+function gadflyshape(sv::Shape)
+  ShapeGeometry(Any[vertices(sv)])
+end
+
+function gadflyshape(sv::AVec{Shape})
+    ShapeGeometry(Any[vertices(s) for s in sv])
+end
+
+
+# create a Compose context given a ShapeGeometry and the xs/ys/sizes
+function make_polygon(geom::ShapeGeometry, xs::AbstractArray, ys::AbstractArray, rs::AbstractArray)
+  n = max(length(xs), length(ys), length(rs))
+  T = Tuple{Compose.Measure, Compose.Measure}
+  polys = Array(Vector{T}, n)
+  for i in 1:n
+    x = Compose.x_measure(xs[mod1(i, length(xs))])
+    y = Compose.y_measure(ys[mod1(i, length(ys))])
+    r = rs[mod1(i, length(rs))]
+    polys[i] = T[(x + r * sx, y + r * sy) for (sx,sy) in _cycle(geom.vertices, i)]
+  end
+  Gadfly.polygon(polys, geom.tag)
+end
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+
+# https://github.com/JuliaGraphics/Immerse.jl
+
+supported_attrs(::ImmerseBackend) = supported_attrs(GadflyBackend())
+supported_types(::ImmerseBackend) = supported_types(GadflyBackend())
+supported_styles(::ImmerseBackend) = supported_styles(GadflyBackend())
+supported_markers(::ImmerseBackend) = supported_markers(GadflyBackend())
+supported_scales(::ImmerseBackend) = supported_scales(GadflyBackend())
+is_subplot_supported(::ImmerseBackend) = true
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function _initialize_backend(::ImmerseBackend; kw...)
+  @eval begin
+    import Immerse, Gadfly, Compose, Gtk
+    export Immerse, Gadfly, Compose, Gtk
+    include(joinpath(dirname(@__FILE__), "gadfly_shapes.jl"))
+  end
+end
+
+function createImmerseFigure(d::KW)
+  w,h = d[:size]
+  figidx = Immerse.figure(; name = d[:window_title], width = w, height = h)
+  Immerse.Figure(figidx)
+end
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+# create a blank Gadfly.Plot object
+# function _create_plot(pkg::ImmerseBackend, d::KW)
+#   # create the underlying Gadfly.Plot object
+#   gplt = createGadflyPlotObject(d)
+#
+#   # save both the Immerse.Figure and the Gadfly.Plot
+#   Plot((nothing,gplt), pkg, 0, d, KW[])
+# end
+function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend})
+    (nothing, createGadflyPlotObject(plt.attr))
+end
+
+
+# # plot one data series
+# function _series_added(::ImmerseBackend, plt::Plot, d::KW)
+#   addGadflySeries!(plt, d)
+#   push!(plt.seriesargs, d)
+#   plt
+# end
+
+function _series_added(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}, series::Series)
+    addGadflySeries!(plt, series.d)
+end
+
+
+function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}, d::KW)
+  updateGadflyGuides(plt, d)
+  updateGadflyPlotTheme(plt, d)
+end
+
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function _add_annotations(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}, anns::AVec{Tuple{X,Y,V}}) where {X,Y,V}
+  for ann in anns
+    push!(getGadflyContext(plt).guides, createGadflyAnnotationObject(ann...))
+  end
+end
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# accessors for x/y data
+
+function getxy(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}, i::Integer)
+  mapping = getGadflyMappings(plt, i)[1]
+  mapping[:x], mapping[:y]
+end
+
+function setxy!(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}, xy::Tuple{X,Y}, i::Integer) where {X,Y}
+  for mapping in getGadflyMappings(plt, i)
+    mapping[:x], mapping[:y] = xy
+  end
+  plt
+end
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+# function _create_subplot(subplt::Subplot{ImmerseBackend}, isbefore::Bool)
+#   return false
+#   # isbefore && return false
+# end
+#
+# function showSubplotObject(subplt::Subplot{ImmerseBackend})
+#   # create the Gtk window with vertical box vsep
+#   d = getattr(subplt,1)
+#   w,h = d[:size]
+#   vsep = Gtk.GtkBoxLeaf(:v)
+#   win = Gtk.GtkWindowLeaf(vsep, d[:window_title], w, h)
+#
+#   figindices = []
+#   row = Gtk.GtkBoxLeaf(:h)
+#   push!(vsep, row)
+#   for (i,(r,c)) in enumerate(subplt.layout)
+#     plt = subplt.plts[i]
+#
+#     # get the components... box is the main plot GtkBox, and canvas is the GtkCanvas where it's plotted
+#     box, toolbar, canvas = Immerse.createPlotGuiComponents()
+#
+#     # add the plot's box to the row
+#     push!(row, box)
+#
+#     # create the figure and store the index returned for destruction later
+#     figidx = Immerse.figure(canvas)
+#     push!(figindices, figidx)
+#
+#     fig = Immerse.figure(figidx)
+#     plt.o = (fig, plt.o[2])
+#
+#     # add the row
+#     if c == ncols(subplt.layout, r)
+#       row = Gtk.GtkBoxLeaf(:h)
+#       push!(vsep, row)
+#     end
+#
+#   end
+#
+#   # destructor... clean up plots
+#   Gtk.on_signal_destroy((x...) -> ([Immerse.dropfig(Immerse._display,i) for i in figindices]; subplt.o = nothing), win)
+#
+#   subplt.o = win
+#   true
+# end
+
+
+function _remove_axis(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}, isx::Bool)
+  gplt = getGadflyContext(plt)
+  addOrReplace(gplt.guides, isx ? Gadfly.Guide.xticks : Gadfly.Guide.yticks; label=false)
+  addOrReplace(gplt.guides, isx ? Gadfly.Guide.xlabel : Gadfly.Guide.ylabel, "")
+end
+
+function _expand_limits(lims, plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}, isx::Bool)
+  for l in getGadflyContext(plt).layers
+    _expand_limits(lims, l.mapping[isx ? :x : :y])
+  end
+end
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+getGadflyContext(plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend}) = plt.o[2]
+# getGadflyContext(subplt::Subplot{ImmerseBackend}) = buildGadflySubplotContext(subplt)
+
+
+function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, plt::Plot{ImmerseBackend})
+
+  fig, gplt = plt.o
+  if fig == nothing
+    fig = createImmerseFigure(plt.attr)
+    Gtk.on_signal_destroy((x...) -> (Immerse.dropfig(Immerse._display, fig.figno); plt.o = (nothing,gplt)), fig.canvas)
+    plt.o = (fig, gplt)
+  end
+
+  Immerse.figure(fig.figno; displayfig = false)
+  display(gplt)
+end
+
+
+# function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, subplt::Subplot{ImmerseBackend})
+#
+#   # if we haven't created the window yet, do it
+#   if subplt.o == nothing
+#     showSubplotObject(subplt)
+#   end
+#
+#   # display the plots by creating a fresh Immerse.Figure object from the GtkCanvas and Gadfly.Plot
+#   for plt in subplt.plts
+#     fig, gplt = plt.o
+#     Immerse.figure(fig.figno; displayfig = false)
+#     display(gplt)
+#   end
+#
+#   # o is the window... show it
+#   showall(subplt.o)
+# end
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+
+# https://github.com/tbreloff/Qwt.jl
+
+
+supported_attrs(::QwtBackend) = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :linecolor,
+    :fillrange,
+    :fillcolor,
+    :label,
+    :legend,
+    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
+    :linestyle,
+    :linewidth,
+    :markershape,
+    :markercolor,
+    :markersize,
+    :bins,
+    :pos,
+    :title,
+    :window_title,
+    :guide, :lims, :ticks, :scale,
+  ])
+supported_types(::QwtBackend) = [:path, :scatter, :hexbin, :bar]
+supported_markers(::QwtBackend) = [:none, :auto, :rect, :circle, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle, :cross, :xcross, :star5, :star8, :hexagon]
+supported_scales(::QwtBackend) = [:identity, :log10]
+is_subplot_supported(::QwtBackend) = true
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function _initialize_backend(::QwtBackend; kw...)
+  @eval begin
+    @warn("Qwt is no longer supported... many features will likely be broken.")
+    import Qwt
+    export Qwt
+  end
+end
+
+# -------------------------------
+
+const _qwtAliases = KW(
+    :bins => :heatmap_n,
+    :fillrange => :fillto,
+    :linewidth => :width,
+    :markershape => :marker,
+    :hexbin => :heatmap,
+    :path => :line,
+    :steppost => :step,
+    :steppre => :stepinverted,
+    :star5 => :star1,
+    :star8 => :star2,
+  )
+
+function fixcolors(d::KW)
+  for (k,v) in d
+    if typeof(v) <: ColorScheme
+      d[k] = getColor(v)
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+function replaceQwtAliases(d, s)
+  if haskey(_qwtAliases, d[s])
+    d[s] = _qwtAliases[d[s]]
+  end
+end
+
+function adjustQwtKeywords(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, iscreating::Bool; kw...)
+  d = KW(kw)
+  st = d[:seriestype]
+  if st == :scatter
+    d[:seriestype] = :none
+    if d[:markershape] == :none
+      d[:markershape] = :circle
+    end
+
+  elseif st in (:hline, :vline)
+    addLineMarker(plt, d)
+    d[:seriestype] = :none
+    d[:markershape] = :circle
+    d[:markersize] = 1
+    if st == :vline
+      d[:x], d[:y] = d[:y], d[:x]
+    end
+
+  elseif !iscreating && st == :bar
+    d = barHack(; kw...)
+  elseif !iscreating && st == :histogram
+    d = barHack(; histogramHack(; kw...)...)
+  end
+
+  replaceQwtAliases(d, :seriestype)
+  replaceQwtAliases(d, :markershape)
+
+  for k in keys(d)
+    if haskey(_qwtAliases, k)
+      d[_qwtAliases[k]] = d[k]
+    end
+  end
+
+  d[:x] = collect(d[:x])
+  d[:y] = collect(d[:y])
+
+  d
+end
+
+# function _create_plot(pkg::QwtBackend, d::KW)
+function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{QwtBackend})
+  fixcolors(plt.attr)
+  dumpdict(plt.attr,"\n\n!!! plot")
+  o = Qwt.plot(zeros(0,0); plt.attr..., show=false)
+  # plt = Plot(o, pkg, 0, d, KW[])
+  # plt
+end
+
+# function _series_added(::QwtBackend, plt::Plot, d::KW)
+function _series_added(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, series::Series)
+  d = adjustQwtKeywords(plt, false; series.d...)
+  fixcolors(d)
+  dumpdict(d,"\n\n!!! plot!")
+  Qwt.oplot(plt.o; d...)
+  # push!(plt.seriesargs, d)
+  # plt
+end
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function updateLimsAndTicks(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, d::KW, isx::Bool)
+  lims = get(d, isx ? :xlims : :ylims, nothing)
+  ticks = get(d, isx ? :xticks : :yticks, nothing)
+  w = plt.o.widget
+  axisid = Qwt.QWT.QwtPlot[isx ? :xBottom : :yLeft]
+
+  if typeof(lims) <: Union{Tuple,AVec} && length(lims) == 2
+    if isx
+      plt.o.autoscale_x = false
+    else
+      plt.o.autoscale_y = false
+    end
+    w[:setAxisScale](axisid, lims...)
+  end
+
+  if typeof(ticks) <: AbstractRange
+    if isx
+      plt.o.autoscale_x = false
+    else
+      plt.o.autoscale_y = false
+    end
+    w[:setAxisScale](axisid, float(minimum(ticks)), float(maximum(ticks)), float(step(ticks)))
+  elseif !(ticks in (nothing, :none, :auto))
+    warn("Only Range types are supported for Qwt xticks/yticks. typeof(ticks)=$(typeof(ticks))")
+  end
+
+  # change the scale
+  scalesym = isx ? :xscale : :yscale
+  if haskey(d, scalesym)
+    scaletype = d[scalesym]
+    scaletype == :identity  && w[:setAxisScaleEngine](axisid, Qwt.QWT.QwtLinearScaleEngine())
+    # scaletype == :log       && w[:setAxisScaleEngine](axisid, Qwt.QWT.QwtLogScaleEngine(e))
+    # scaletype == :log2      && w[:setAxisScaleEngine](axisid, Qwt.QWT.QwtLogScaleEngine(2))
+    scaletype == :log10     && w[:setAxisScaleEngine](axisid, Qwt.QWT.QwtLog10ScaleEngine())
+    scaletype in supported_scales() || warn("Unsupported scale type: ", scaletype)
+  end
+
+end
+
+
+function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, d::KW)
+  haskey(d, :title) && Qwt.title(plt.o, d[:title])
+  haskey(d, :xguide) && Qwt.xlabel(plt.o, d[:xguide])
+  haskey(d, :yguide) && Qwt.ylabel(plt.o, d[:yguide])
+  updateLimsAndTicks(plt, d, true)
+  updateLimsAndTicks(plt, d, false)
+end
+
+function _update_plot_pos_size(plt::AbstractPlot{QwtBackend}, d::KW)
+  haskey(d, :size) && Qwt.resizewidget(plt.o, d[:size]...)
+  haskey(d, :pos) && Qwt.movewidget(plt.o, d[:pos]...)
+end
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+        # curve.setPen(Qt.QPen(Qt.QColor(color), linewidth, self.getLineStyle(linestyle)))
+function addLineMarker(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, d::KW)
+  for yi in d[:y]
+    marker = Qwt.QWT.QwtPlotMarker()
+    ishorizontal = (d[:seriestype] == :hline)
+    marker[:setLineStyle](ishorizontal ? 1 : 2)
+    marker[ishorizontal ? :setYValue : :setXValue](yi)
+    qcolor = Qwt.convertRGBToQColor(getColor(d[:linecolor]))
+    linestyle = plt.o.widget[:getLineStyle](string(d[:linestyle]))
+    marker[:setLinePen](Qwt.QT.QPen(qcolor, d[:linewidth], linestyle))
+    marker[:attach](plt.o.widget)
+  end
+
+  # marker[:setValue](x, y)
+  # marker[:setLabel](Qwt.QWT.QwtText(val))
+  # marker[:attach](plt.o.widget)
+end
+
+function createQwtAnnotation(plt::Plot, x, y, val::PlotText)
+  marker = Qwt.QWT.QwtPlotMarker()
+  marker[:setValue](x, y)
+  qwttext = Qwt.QWT.QwtText(val.str)
+  qwttext[:setFont](Qwt.QT.QFont(val.font.family, val.font.pointsize))
+  qwttext[:setColor](Qwt.convertRGBToQColor(getColor(val.font.color)))
+  marker[:setLabel](qwttext)
+  marker[:attach](plt.o.widget)
+end
+
+function createQwtAnnotation(plt::Plot, x, y, val::AbstractString)
+  marker = Qwt.QWT.QwtPlotMarker()
+  marker[:setValue](x, y)
+  marker[:setLabel](Qwt.QWT.QwtText(val))
+  marker[:attach](plt.o.widget)
+end
+
+function _add_annotations(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, anns::AVec{Tuple{X,Y,V}}) where {X,Y,V}
+  for ann in anns
+    createQwtAnnotation(plt, ann...)
+  end
+end
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# accessors for x/y data
+
+function getxy(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, i::Int)
+  series = plt.o.lines[i]
+  series.x, series.y
+end
+
+function setxy!(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, xy::Tuple{X,Y}, i::Integer) where {X,Y}
+  series = plt.o.lines[i]
+  series.x, series.y = xy
+  plt
+end
+
+
+# -------------------------------
+
+# -------------------------------
+
+# # create the underlying object (each backend will do this differently)
+# function _create_subplot(subplt::Subplot{QwtBackend}, isbefore::Bool)
+#   isbefore && return false
+#   i = 0
+#   rows = Any[]
+#   row = Any[]
+#   for (i,(r,c)) in enumerate(subplt.layout)
+#     push!(row, subplt.plts[i].o)
+#     if c == ncols(subplt.layout, r)
+#       push!(rows, Qwt.hsplitter(row...))
+#       row = Any[]
+#     end
+#   end
+#   # for rowcnt in subplt.layout.rowcounts
+#   #   push!(rows, Qwt.hsplitter([plt.o for plt in subplt.plts[(1:rowcnt) + i]]...))
+#   #   i += rowcnt
+#   # end
+#   subplt.o = Qwt.vsplitter(rows...)
+#   # Qwt.resizewidget(subplt.o, getattr(subplt,1)[:size]...)
+#   # Qwt.moveToLastScreen(subplt.o)  # hack so it goes to my center monitor... sorry
+#   true
+# end
+
+function _expand_limits(lims, plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, isx::Bool)
+  for series in plt.o.lines
+    _expand_limits(lims, isx ? series.x : series.y)
+  end
+end
+
+
+function _remove_axis(plt::Plot{QwtBackend}, isx::Bool)
+end
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function Base.show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::Plot{QwtBackend})
+  Qwt.refresh(plt.o)
+  Qwt.savepng(plt.o, "/tmp/dfskjdhfkh.png")
+  write(io, readall("/tmp/dfskjdhfkh.png"))
+end
+
+# function Base.show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", subplt::Subplot{QwtBackend})
+#   for plt in subplt.plts
+#     Qwt.refresh(plt.o)
+#   end
+#   Qwt.savepng(subplt.o, "/tmp/dfskjdhfkh.png")
+#   write(io, readall("/tmp/dfskjdhfkh.png"))
+# end
+
+
+function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, plt::Plot{QwtBackend})
+  Qwt.refresh(plt.o)
+  Qwt.showwidget(plt.o)
+end
+
+# function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, subplt::Subplot{QwtBackend})
+#   for plt in subplt.plts
+#     Qwt.refresh(plt.o)
+#   end
+#   Qwt.showwidget(subplt.o)
+# end
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+
+# https://github.com/nolta/Winston.jl
+
+# credit goes to https://github.com/jverzani for contributing to the first draft of this backend implementation
+
+supported_attrs(::WinstonBackend) = merge_with_base_supported([
+    :annotations,
+    :linecolor,
+    :fillrange,
+    :fillcolor,
+    :label,
+    :legend,
+    :seriescolor, :seriesalpha,
+    :linestyle,
+    :linewidth,
+    :markershape,
+    :markercolor,
+    :markersize,
+    :bins,
+    :title,
+    :window_title,
+    :guide, :lims, :scale,
+  ])
+supported_types(::WinstonBackend) = [:path, :scatter, :bar]
+supported_styles(::WinstonBackend) = [:auto, :solid, :dash, :dot, :dashdot]
+supported_markers(::WinstonBackend) = [:none, :auto, :rect, :circle, :diamond, :utriangle, :dtriangle, :cross, :xcross, :star5]
+supported_scales(::WinstonBackend) = [:identity, :log10]
+is_subplot_supported(::WinstonBackend) = false
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+function _initialize_backend(::WinstonBackend; kw...)
+  @eval begin
+    # ENV["WINSTON_OUTPUT"] = "gtk"
+    @warn("Winston is no longer supported... many features will likely be broken.")
+    import Winston, Gtk
+    export Winston, Gtk
+  end
+end
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+## dictionaries for conversion of Plots.jl names to Winston ones.
+const winston_linestyle =  KW(:solid=>"solid",
+                                :dash=>"dash",
+                                :dot=>"dotted",
+                                :dashdot=>"dotdashed"
+                               )
+
+const winston_marker = KW(:none=>".",
+                            :rect => "square",
+                            :circle=>"circle",
+                            :diamond=>"diamond",
+                            :utriangle=>"triangle",
+                            :dtriangle=>"down-triangle",
+                            :cross => "plus",
+                            :xcross => "cross",
+                            :star5 => "asterisk"
+                           )
+
+function _before_update(plt::Plot{WinstonBackend})
+  Winston.ghf(plt.o)
+end
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function _create_backend_figure(plt::Plot{WinstonBackend})
+    Winston.FramedPlot(
+        title = plt.attr[:title],
+        xlabel = plt.attr[:xguide],
+        ylabel = plt.attr[:yguide]
+    )
+end
+
+copy_remove(d::KW, s::Symbol) = delete!(copy(d), s)
+
+function addRegressionLineWinston(d::KW, wplt)
+  xs, ys = regressionXY(d[:x], d[:y])
+  Winston.add(wplt, Winston.Curve(xs, ys, kind="dotted"))
+end
+
+function getWinstonItems(plt::Plot)
+  if isa(plt.o, Winston.FramedPlot)
+    wplt = plt.o
+    window, canvas = nothing, nothing
+  else
+    window, canvas, wplt = plt.o
+  end
+  window, canvas, wplt
+end
+
+function _series_added(plt::Plot{WinstonBackend}, series::Series)
+    d = series.d
+  window, canvas, wplt = getWinstonItems(plt)
+
+  # until we call it normally, do the hack
+  if d[:seriestype] == :bar
+    d = barHack(;d...)
+  end
+
+
+  e = KW()
+  e[:color] = getColor(d[:linecolor])
+  e[:linewidth] = d[:linewidth]
+  e[:kind] = winston_linestyle[d[:linestyle]]
+  e[:symbolkind] = winston_marker[d[:markershape]]
+  # markercolor     # same choices as `color`, or :match will set the color to be the same as `color`
+  e[:symbolsize] = d[:markersize] / 5
+
+  # pos             # (Int,Int), move the enclosing window to this position
+  # screen          # Integer, move enclosing window to this screen number (for multiscreen desktops)
+
+
+
+  ## lintype :path, :step, :stepinverted, :sticks, :dots, :none, :histogram2d, :hexbin, :histogram, :bar
+  if d[:seriestype] == :none
+    Winston.add(wplt, Winston.Points(d[:x], d[:y]; copy_remove(e, :kind)..., color=getColor(d[:markercolor])))
+
+  elseif d[:seriestype] == :path
+    x, y = d[:x], d[:y]
+    Winston.add(wplt, Winston.Curve(x, y; e...))
+
+    fillrange = d[:fillrange]
+    if fillrange != nothing
+      if isa(fillrange, AbstractVector)
+        y2 = fillrange
+      else
+        y2 = Float64[fillrange for yi in y]
+      end
+      Winston.add(wplt, Winston.FillBetween(x, y, x, y2, fillcolor=getColor(d[:fillcolor])))
+    end
+
+  elseif d[:seriestype] == :scatter
+    if d[:markershape] == :none
+      d[:markershape] = :circle
+    end
+
+  # elseif d[:seriestype] == :step
+  #     fn = Winston.XXX
+
+  # elseif d[:seriestype] == :stepinverted
+  #     fn = Winston.XXX
+
+  elseif d[:seriestype] == :sticks
+      Winston.add(wplt, Winston.Stems(d[:x], d[:y]; e...))
+
+  # elseif d[:seriestype] == :dots
+  #     fn = Winston.XXX
+
+  # elseif d[:seriestype] == :histogram2d
+  #     fn = Winston.XXX
+
+  # elseif d[:seriestype] == :hexbin
+  #     fn = Winston.XXX
+
+  elseif d[:seriestype] == :histogram
+      hst = hist(d[:y], d[:bins])
+      Winston.add(wplt, Winston.Histogram(hst...; copy_remove(e, :bins)...))
+
+  # elseif d[:seriestype] == :bar
+  #     # fn = Winston.XXX
+
+  else
+    error("seriestype $(d[:seriestype]) not supported by Winston.")
+
+  end
+
+
+  # markershape
+  if d[:markershape] != :none
+    Winston.add(wplt, Winston.Points(d[:x], d[:y]; copy_remove(e, :kind)..., color=getColor(d[:markercolor])))
+  end
+
+
+  # optionally add a regression line
+  d[:smooth] && d[:seriestype] != :histogram && addRegressionLineWinston(d, wplt)
+
+  # push!(plt.seriesargs, d)
+  # plt
+end
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+const _winstonNames = KW(
+    :xlims => :xrange,
+    :ylims => :yrange,
+    :xscale => :xlog,
+    :yscale => :ylog,
+  )
+
+function _update_plot_object(plt::Plot{WinstonBackend}, d::KW)
+  window, canvas, wplt = getWinstonItems(plt)
+  for k in (:xguide, :yguide, :title, :xlims, :ylims)
+    if haskey(d, k)
+      Winston.setattr(wplt, string(get(_winstonNames, k, k)), d[k])
+    end
+  end
+
+  for k in (:xscale, :yscale)
+    if haskey(d, k)
+      islogscale = d[k] == :log10
+      Winston.setattr(wplt, (k == :xscale ? :xlog : :ylog), islogscale)
+    end
+  end
+
+end
+
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function createWinstonAnnotationObject(plt::Plot{WinstonBackend}, x, y, val::AbstractString)
+  Winston.text(x, y, val)
+end
+
+function _add_annotations(plt::Plot{WinstonBackend}, anns::AVec{Tuple{X,Y,V}}) where {X,Y,V}
+  for ann in anns
+    createWinstonAnnotationObject(plt, ann...)
+  end
+end
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# function _create_subplot(subplt::Subplot{WinstonBackend}, isbefore::Bool)
+#   # TODO: build the underlying Subplot object.  this is where you might layout the panes within a GUI window, for example
+# end
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function addWinstonLegend(plt::Plot, wplt)
+  if plt.attr[:legend] != :none
+    Winston.legend(wplt, [sd[:label] for sd in plt.seriesargs])
+  end
+end
+
+function Base.show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::AbstractPlot{WinstonBackend})
+  window, canvas, wplt = getWinstonItems(plt)
+  addWinstonLegend(plt, wplt)
+  show(io, "image/png", wplt)
+end
+
+
+function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, plt::Plot{WinstonBackend})
+
+  window, canvas, wplt = getWinstonItems(plt)
+
+  if window == nothing
+    if Winston.output_surface != :gtk
+      error("Gtk is the only supported display for Winston in Plots.  Set `output_surface = gtk` in src/Winston.ini")
+    end
+    # initialize window
+    w,h = plt.attr[:size]
+    canvas = Gtk.GtkCanvasLeaf()
+    window = Gtk.GtkWindowLeaf(canvas, plt.attr[:window_title], w, h)
+    plt.o = (window, canvas, wplt)
+  end
+
+  addWinstonLegend(plt, wplt)
+
+  Winston.display(canvas, wplt)
+  Gtk.showall(window)
+end
+
+
+# function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, subplt::Subplot{WinstonBackend})
+#   # TODO: display/show the Subplot object
+# end
@@ -0,0 +1,415 @@
+
+abstract type ColorScheme end
+
+Base.getindex(scheme::ColorScheme, i::Integer) = getColor(scheme, i)
+
+export
+    cgrad
+
+cgrad() = default_gradient()
+
+function cgrad(arg, values = nothing; alpha = nothing, scale = :identity)
+    colors = ColorGradient(arg, alpha=alpha).colors
+    values = if values != nothing
+        values
+    elseif scale in (:log, :log10)
+        log10(range(1, stop=10, length=30))
+    elseif scale == :log2
+        log2(range(1, stop=2, length=30))
+    elseif scale == :ln
+        log(range(1, stop=pi, length=30))
+    elseif scale in (:exp, :exp10)
+        (exp10(range(0, stop=1, length=30)) - 1) / 9
+    else
+        range(0, stop=1, length=length(colors))
+    end
+    ColorGradient(colors, values)
+end
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+getColor(scheme::ColorScheme) = getColor(scheme, 1)
+getColorVector(scheme::ColorScheme) = [getColor(scheme)]
+
+colorscheme(scheme::ColorScheme) = scheme
+colorscheme(s::AbstractString; kw...) = colorscheme(Symbol(s); kw...)
+colorscheme(s::Symbol; kw...) = haskey(_gradients, s) ? ColorGradient(s; kw...) : ColorWrapper(convertColor(s); kw...)
+colorscheme(s::Symbol, vals::AVec{T}; kw...) where {T<:Real} = ColorGradient(s, vals; kw...)
+colorscheme(cs::AVec, vs::AVec; kw...) = ColorGradient(cs, vs; kw...)
+colorscheme(cs::AVec{T}; kw...) where {T<:Colorant} = ColorGradient(cs; kw...)
+colorscheme(f::Function; kw...) = ColorFunction(f; kw...)
+colorscheme(v::AVec; kw...) = ColorVector(v; kw...)
+colorscheme(m::AMat; kw...) = size(m,1) == 1 ? map(c->colorscheme(c; kw...), m) : [colorscheme(m[:,i]; kw...) for i in 1:size(m,2)]'
+colorscheme(c::Colorant; kw...) = ColorWrapper(c; kw...)
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+convertColor(c::AbstractString) = parse(Colorant, c)
+convertColor(c::Symbol) = parse(Colorant, string(c))
+convertColor(c::Colorant) = c
+convertColor(cvec::AbstractVector) = map(convertColor, cvec)
+convertColor(c::ColorScheme) = c
+convertColor(v::Nothing) = RGBA(0,0,0,0)
+convertColor(b::Bool) = b ? RGBA(0,0,0,1) : RGBA(0,0,0,0)
+
+function convertColor(c, α::Real)
+  c = convertColor(c)
+  RGBA(RGB(getColor(c)), α)
+end
+convertColor(cs::AVec, α::Real) = map(c -> convertColor(c, α), cs)
+convertColor(c, α::Nothing) = convertColor(c)
+
+# backup... try to convert
+getColor(c) = convertColor(c)
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function darken(c, v=0.1)
+    rgba = convert(RGBA, c)
+    r = max(0, min(rgba.r - v, 1))
+    g = max(0, min(rgba.g - v, 1))
+    b = max(0, min(rgba.b - v, 1))
+    RGBA(r,g,b,rgba.alpha)
+end
+function lighten(c, v=0.3)
+    darken(c, -v)
+end
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+const _rainbowColors = [colorant"purple", colorant"blue", colorant"green", colorant"orange", colorant"red"]
+const _testColors = [colorant"darkblue", colorant"blueviolet",  colorant"darkcyan",colorant"green",
+                     darken(colorant"yellow",0.3), colorant"orange", darken(colorant"red",0.2)]
+
+const _gradients = KW(
+    :blues        => [colorant"lightblue", colorant"darkblue"],
+    :reds         => [colorant"lightpink", colorant"darkred"],
+    :greens       => [colorant"lightgreen", colorant"darkgreen"],
+    :redsblues    => [colorant"darkred", RGB(0.8,0.85,0.8), colorant"darkblue"],
+    :bluesreds    => [colorant"darkblue", RGB(0.8,0.85,0.8), colorant"darkred"],
+    :heat         => [colorant"lightyellow", colorant"orange", colorant"darkred"],
+    :grays        => [RGB(.95,.95,.95),RGB(.05,.05,.05)],
+    :rainbow      => _rainbowColors,
+    :lightrainbow => map(lighten, _rainbowColors),
+    :darkrainbow  => map(darken, _rainbowColors),
+    :darktest     => _testColors,
+    :lighttest    => map(c -> lighten(c, 0.3), _testColors),
+  )
+
+function register_gradient_colors(name::Symbol, colors::AVec{C}) where C<:Colorant
+    _gradients[name] = colors
+end
+
+include("color_gradients.jl")
+
+default_gradient() = ColorGradient(:inferno)
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+"Continuous gradient between values.  Wraps a list of bounding colors and the values they represent."
+struct ColorGradient <: ColorScheme
+  colors::Vector
+  values::Vector
+
+  function ColorGradient(cs::AVec, vals::AVec{S} = range(0, stop=1, length=length(cs)); alpha = nothing) where S<:Real
+    if length(cs) == length(vals)
+      return new(convertColor(cs,alpha), collect(vals))
+    end
+
+    # # otherwise interpolate evenly between the minval and maxval
+    # minval, maxval = minimum(vals), maximum(vals)
+    # vs = Float64[interpolate(minval, maxval, w) for w in linspace(0, 1, length(cs))]
+    # new(convertColor(cs,alpha), vs)
+
+    # interpolate the colors for each value
+    vals = merge(range(0, stop=1, length=length(cs)), vals)
+    grad = ColorGradient(cs)
+    cs = [getColorZ(grad, z) for z in range(0, stop=1, length=length(vals))]
+    new(convertColor(cs, alpha), vals)
+  end
+end
+
+
+
+Base.getindex(cs::ColorGradient, i::Integer) = getColor(cs, i)
+Base.getindex(cs::ColorGradient, z::Number) = getColorZ(cs, z)
+
+
+# create a gradient from a symbol (blues, reds, etc) and vector of boundary values
+function ColorGradient(s::Symbol, vals::AVec{T} = 0:0; kw...) where T<:Real
+  haskey(_gradients, s) || error("Invalid gradient symbol.  Choose from: ", sort(collect(keys(_gradients))))
+  cs = _gradients[s]
+  if vals == 0:0
+    vals = range(0, stop=1, length=length(cs))
+  end
+  ColorGradient(cs, vals; kw...)
+end
+
+# function ColorGradient{T<:Real}(cs::AVec, vals::AVec{T} = linspace(0, 1, length(cs)); kw...)
+#   ColorGradient(map(convertColor, cs), vals; kw...)
+# end
+
+function ColorGradient(grad::ColorGradient; alpha = nothing)
+  ColorGradient(convertColor(grad.colors, alpha), grad.values)
+end
+
+# anything else just gets the default gradient
+function ColorGradient(cw; alpha=nothing)
+    ColorGradient(default_gradient(), alpha=alpha)
+end
+
+getColor(gradient::ColorGradient, idx::Int) = gradient.colors[mod1(idx, length(gradient.colors))]
+
+function getColorZ(gradient::ColorGradient, z::Real)
+  cs = gradient.colors
+  vs = gradient.values
+  n = length(cs)
+  @assert n > 0 && n == length(vs)
+
+  # can we just return the first color?
+  if z <= vs[1] || n == 1
+    return cs[1]
+  end
+
+  # find the bounding colors and interpolate
+  for i in 2:n
+    if z <= vs[i]
+      return interpolate_rgb(cs[i-1], cs[i], (z - vs[i-1]) / (vs[i] - vs[i-1]))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # if we get here, return the last color
+  cs[end]
+end
+
+getColorVector(gradient::ColorGradient) = gradient.colors
+
+# for 0.3
+Colors.RGBA(c::Colorant) = RGBA(red(c), green(c), blue(c), alpha(c))
+Colors.RGB(c::Colorant) = RGB(red(c), green(c), blue(c))
+
+function interpolate_rgb(c1::Colorant, c2::Colorant, w::Real)
+  rgb1 = RGBA(c1)
+  rgb2 = RGBA(c2)
+  r = interpolate(rgb1.r, rgb2.r, w)
+  g = interpolate(rgb1.g, rgb2.g, w)
+  b = interpolate(rgb1.b, rgb2.b, w)
+  a = interpolate(rgb1.alpha, rgb2.alpha, w)
+  RGBA(r, g, b, a)
+end
+
+
+function interpolate(v1::Real, v2::Real, w::Real)
+  (1-w) * v1 + w * v2
+end
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+"Wraps a function, taking an index and returning a Colorant"
+struct ColorFunction <: ColorScheme
+  f::Function
+end
+
+getColor(scheme::ColorFunction, idx::Int) = scheme.f(idx)
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+"Wraps a function, taking an z-value and returning a Colorant"
+struct ColorZFunction <: ColorScheme
+  f::Function
+end
+
+getColorZ(scheme::ColorZFunction, z::Real) = scheme.f(z)
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+"Wraps a vector of colors... may be vector of Symbol/String/Colorant"
+struct ColorVector <: ColorScheme
+  v::Vector{Colorant}
+  ColorVector(v::AVec; alpha = nothing) = new(convertColor(v,alpha))
+end
+
+getColor(scheme::ColorVector, idx::Int) = convertColor(scheme.v[mod1(idx, length(scheme.v))])
+getColorVector(scheme::ColorVector) = scheme.v
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+"Wraps a single color"
+struct ColorWrapper <: ColorScheme
+  c::RGBA
+  ColorWrapper(c::Colorant; alpha = nothing) = new(convertColor(c, alpha))
+end
+
+ColorWrapper(s::Symbol; alpha = nothing) = ColorWrapper(convertColor(parse(Colorant, s), alpha))
+
+getColor(scheme::ColorWrapper, idx::Int) = scheme.c
+getColorZ(scheme::ColorWrapper, z::Real) = scheme.c
+convertColor(c::ColorWrapper, α::Nothing) = c.c
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+isbackgrounddark(bgcolor::Color) = Lab(bgcolor).l < 0.5
+
+# move closer to lighter/darker depending on background value
+function adjustAway(val, bgval, vmin=0., vmax=100.)
+  if bgval < 0.5 * (vmax+vmin)
+    tmp = max(val, bgval)
+    return 0.5 * (tmp + max(tmp, vmax))
+  else
+    tmp = min(val, bgval)
+    return 0.5 * (tmp + min(tmp, vmin))
+  end
+end
+
+# borrowed from http://stackoverflow.com/a/1855903:
+lightnessLevel(c::Colorant) = 0.299 * red(c) + 0.587 * green(c) + 0.114 * blue(c)
+
+isdark(c::Colorant) = lightnessLevel(c) < 0.5
+islight(c::Colorant) = !isdark(c)
+
+function convertHexToRGB(h::Unsigned)
+  mask = 0x0000FF
+  RGB([(x & mask) / 0xFF for x in  (h >> 16, h >> 8, h)]...)
+end
+
+# note: I found this list of hex values in a comment by Tatarize here: http://stackoverflow.com/a/12224359
+const _masterColorList = [
+    0xFFFFFF, 0x000000, 0x0000FF, 0x00FF00, 0xFF0000, 0x01FFFE, 0xFFA6FE, 0xFFDB66, 0x006401, 0x010067,
+    0x95003A, 0x007DB5, 0xFF00F6, 0xFFEEE8, 0x774D00, 0x90FB92, 0x0076FF, 0xD5FF00, 0xFF937E, 0x6A826C,
+    0xFF029D, 0xFE8900, 0x7A4782, 0x7E2DD2, 0x85A900, 0xFF0056, 0xA42400, 0x00AE7E, 0x683D3B, 0xBDC6FF,
+    0x263400, 0xBDD393, 0x00B917, 0x9E008E, 0x001544, 0xC28C9F, 0xFF74A3, 0x01D0FF, 0x004754, 0xE56FFE,
+    0x788231, 0x0E4CA1, 0x91D0CB, 0xBE9970, 0x968AE8, 0xBB8800, 0x43002C, 0xDEFF74, 0x00FFC6, 0xFFE502,
+    0x620E00, 0x008F9C, 0x98FF52, 0x7544B1, 0xB500FF, 0x00FF78, 0xFF6E41, 0x005F39, 0x6B6882, 0x5FAD4E,
+    0xA75740, 0xA5FFD2, 0xFFB167, 0x009BFF, 0xE85EBE
+  ]
+const _allColors = map(convertHexToRGB, _masterColorList)
+const _darkColors = filter(isdark, _allColors)
+const _lightColors = filter(islight, _allColors)
+const _sortedColorsForDarkBackground = vcat(_lightColors, reverse(_darkColors[2:end]))
+const _sortedColorsForLightBackground = vcat(_darkColors, reverse(_lightColors[2:end]))
+
+const _defaultNumColors = 17
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Methods to automatically generate gradients for color selection based on
+# background color and a short list of seed colors
+
+# here are some magic constants that could be changed if you really want
+const _lightness_darkbg = [80.0]
+const _lightness_lightbg = [60.0]
+const _lch_c_const = [60]
+
+function adjust_lch(color, l, c)
+    lch = convert(LCHab, color)
+    convert(RGB, LCHab(l, c, lch.h))
+end
+
+function lightness_from_background(bgcolor)
+  bglight = convert(LCHab, bgcolor).l
+  bglight < 50.0 ? _lightness_darkbg[1] : _lightness_lightbg[1]
+end
+
+function gradient_from_list(cs)
+    zvalues = Plots.get_zvalues(length(cs))
+    indices = sortperm(zvalues)
+    sorted_colors = map(RGBA, cs[indices])
+    sorted_zvalues = zvalues[indices]
+    ColorGradient(sorted_colors, sorted_zvalues)
+end
+
+function generate_colorgradient(bgcolor = colorant"white";
+                               color_bases = color_bases=[colorant"steelblue",colorant"orangered"],
+                               lightness = lightness_from_background(bgcolor),
+                               chroma = _lch_c_const[1],
+                               n = _defaultNumColors)
+  seed_colors = vcat(bgcolor, map(c -> adjust_lch(c, lightness, chroma), color_bases))
+  colors = distinguishable_colors(n,
+      seed_colors,
+      lchoices=Float64[lightness],
+      cchoices=Float64[chroma],
+      hchoices=range(0, stop=340, length=20)
+    )[2:end]
+  gradient_from_list(colors)
+end
+
+function get_color_palette(palette, bgcolor::Union{Colorant,ColorWrapper}, numcolors::Integer)
+  grad = if palette == :auto
+    generate_colorgradient(bgcolor)
+  else
+    ColorGradient(palette)
+  end
+  zrng = get_zvalues(numcolors)
+  RGBA[getColorZ(grad, z) for z in zrng]
+end
+
+function get_color_palette(palette::Vector{C},
+bgcolor::Union{Colorant,ColorWrapper}, numcolors::Integer) where C<:Colorant
+  palette
+end
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+function getpctrange(n::Int)
+    n > 0 || error()
+    n == 1 && return zeros(1)
+    zs = [0.0, 1.0]
+    for i in 3:n
+        sorted = sort(zs)
+        diffs = diff(sorted)
+        widestj = 0
+        widest = 0.0
+        for (j,d) in enumerate(diffs)
+            if d > widest
+                widest = d
+                widestj = j
+            end
+        end
+        push!(zs, sorted[widestj] + 0.5 * diffs[widestj])
+    end
+    zs
+end
+
+function get_zvalues(n::Int)
+    offsets = getpctrange(ceil(Int,n/4)+1)/4
+    offsets = vcat(offsets[1], offsets[3:end])
+    zvalues = Float64[]
+    for offset in offsets
+        append!(zvalues, offset + [0.0, 0.5, 0.25, 0.75])
+    end
+    vcat(zvalues[1], 1.0, zvalues[2:n-1])
+end
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+make255(x) = round(Int, 255 * x)
+
+function webcolor(c::Color)
+    @sprintf("rgb(%d, %d, %d)", [make255(f(c)) for f in [red,green,blue]]...)
+end
+function webcolor(c::TransparentColor)
+    @sprintf("rgba(%d, %d, %d, %1.3f)", [make255(f(c)) for f in [red,green,blue]]..., alpha(c))
+end
+webcolor(cs::ColorScheme) = webcolor(getColor(cs))
+webcolor(c) = webcolor(convertColor(c))
+webcolor(c, α) = webcolor(convertColor(getColor(c), α))
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+# converts a symbol or string into a colorant (Colors.RGB), and assigns a color automatically
+function getSeriesRGBColor(c, sp::Subplot, n::Int)
+
+  if c == :auto
+    c = autopick(sp[:color_palette], n)
+  end
+
+  # c should now be a subtype of ColorScheme
+  colorscheme(c)
+end
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+
+
+# TODO:
+"""
+- load Contours.jl similar to DataFrames
+- method to build grid from x/y/z vectors
+- method to wrap contours creation
+- method to plot contours as custom shapes (TODO: create Stroke and Fill types and add markerstroke/markerfill args)
+
+"""
+
+
+
+# # ----------------------------------------------------------
+# # ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+# immutable Vertex
+#   x::Float64
+#   y::Float64
+#   z::Float64
+# end
+
+# immutable Edge
+#   v::Vertex
+#   u::Vertex
+# end
+
+# # ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+# # one rectangle's z-values and the center vertex
+# # z is ordered: topleft, topright, bottomright, bottomleft
+# immutable GridRect
+#   z::Vector{Float64}
+#   center::Vertex
+#   data::Vector{Vertex}
+# end
+
+
+
+# type Grid
+#   xs::Vector{Float64}
+#   ys::Vector{Float64}
+#   rects::Matrix{GridRect}
+# end
+
+# function splitDataEvenly(v::AbstractVector{Float64}, n::Int)
+#   vs = sort(v)
+  
+# end
+
+# # the goal here is to create the vertical and horizontal partitions
+# # which define the grid, so that the data is somewhat evenly split
+# function bucketData(x, y, z)
+
+# end
+
+
+# function buildGrid(x, y, z)
+#   # create 
+# end
+
+
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+
+# create a new "build_series_args" which converts all inputs into xs = Any[xitems], ys = Any[yitems].
+# Special handling for: no args, xmin/xmax, parametric, dataframes
+# Then once inputs have been converted, build the series args, map functions, etc.
+# This should cut down on boilerplate code and allow more focused dispatch on type
+# note: returns meta information... mainly for use with automatic labeling from DataFrames for now
+
+const FuncOrFuncs = Union{Function, AVec{Function}}
+
+all3D(d::KW) = trueOrAllTrue(st -> st in (:contour, :contourf, :heatmap, :surface, :wireframe, :contour3d, :image), get(d, :seriestype, :none))
+
+# missing
+convertToAnyVector(v::Nothing, d::KW) = Any[nothing], nothing
+
+# fixed number of blank series
+convertToAnyVector(n::Integer, d::KW) = Any[zeros(0) for i in 1:n], nothing
+
+# numeric vector
+convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{T}, d::KW) where {T<:Number} = Any[v], nothing
+
+# string vector
+convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{T}, d::KW) where {T<:AbstractString} = Any[v], nothing
+
+function convertToAnyVector(v::AMat, d::KW)
+    if all3D(d)
+        Any[Surface(v)]
+    else
+        Any[v[:,i] for i in 1:size(v,2)]
+    end, nothing
+end
+
+# function
+convertToAnyVector(f::Function, d::KW) = Any[f], nothing
+
+# surface
+convertToAnyVector(s::Surface, d::KW) = Any[s], nothing
+
+# # vector of OHLC
+# convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{OHLC}, d::KW) = Any[v], nothing
+
+# dates
+convertToAnyVector(dts::AVec{D}, d::KW) where {D<:Union{Date,DateTime}} = Any[dts], nothing
+
+# list of things (maybe other vectors, functions, or something else)
+function convertToAnyVector(v::AVec, d::KW)
+    if all(x -> typeof(x) <: Number, v)
+        # all real numbers wrap the whole vector as one item
+        Any[convert(Vector{Float64}, v)], nothing
+    else
+        # something else... treat each element as an item
+        vcat(Any[convertToAnyVector(vi, d)[1] for vi in v]...), nothing
+        # Any[vi for vi in v], nothing
+    end
+end
+
+convertToAnyVector(t::Tuple, d::KW) = Any[t], nothing
+
+
+function convertToAnyVector(args...)
+    error("In convertToAnyVector, could not handle the argument types: $(map(typeof, args[1:end-1]))")
+end
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# TODO: can we avoid the copy here?  one error that crops up is that mapping functions over the same array
+#       result in that array being shared.  push!, etc will add too many items to that array
+
+compute_x(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z)      = 1:size(z,1)
+compute_x(x::Nothing, y, z)            = 1:size(y,1)
+compute_x(x::Function, y, z)        = map(x, y)
+compute_x(x, y, z)                  = copy(x)
+
+# compute_y(x::Void, y::Function, z)  = error()
+compute_y(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z)      = 1:size(z,2)
+compute_y(x, y::Function, z)        = map(y, x)
+compute_y(x, y, z)                  = copy(y)
+
+compute_z(x, y, z::Function)        = map(z, x, y)
+compute_z(x, y, z::AbstractMatrix)  = Surface(z)
+compute_z(x, y, z::Nothing)            = nothing
+compute_z(x, y, z)                  = copy(z)
+
+nobigs(v::AVec{BigFloat}) = map(Float64, v)
+nobigs(v::AVec{BigInt}) = map(Int64, v)
+nobigs(v) = v
+
+@noinline function compute_xyz(x, y, z)
+    x = compute_x(x,y,z)
+    y = compute_y(x,y,z)
+    z = compute_z(x,y,z)
+    nobigs(x), nobigs(y), nobigs(z)
+end
+
+# not allowed
+compute_xyz(x::Nothing, y::FuncOrFuncs, z)       = error("If you want to plot the function `$y`, you need to define the x values!")
+compute_xyz(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z::FuncOrFuncs) = error("If you want to plot the function `$z`, you need to define x and y values!")
+compute_xyz(x::Nothing, y::Nothing, z::Nothing)        = error("x/y/z are all nothing!")
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ the `z` argument to turn on series gradients.
    [:(begin
 y = rand(100)
 plot(0:10:100,rand(11,4),lab="lines",w=3,palette=:grays,fill=0, α=0.6)
-scatter!(y, zcolor=abs.(y.-0.5), m=(:heat,0.8,Plots.stroke(1,:green)), ms=10*abs.(y.-0.5).+4,
+scatter!(y, zcolor=abs.(y.-0.5), m=(:heat,0.8,stroke(1,:green)), ms=10*abs.(y.-0.5).+4,
         lab="grad")
    end)]
 ),
@@ -66,7 +66,6 @@ the preprocessing step. You can also use shorthand functions: `title!`, `xaxis!`
 `yaxis!`, `xlabel!`, `ylabel!`, `xlims!`, `ylims!`, `xticks!`, `yticks!`
 """,
    [:(begin
-using Statistics
 y = rand(20,3)
 plot(y, xaxis=("XLABEL",(-5,30),0:2:20,:flip), background_color = RGB(0.2,0.2,0.2),
     leg=false)
@@ -86,8 +85,8 @@ yaxis!("YLABEL", :log10)
 PlotExample("Images",
    "Plot an image.  y-axis is set to flipped",
    [:(begin
-    import FileIO, PlotReferenceImages
-    img = FileIO.load(joinpath(dirname(pathof(PlotReferenceImages)), "..", "Plots","pyplot","0.7.0","ref1.png"))
+        import FileIO
+        img = FileIO.load(Pkg.dir("PlotReferenceImages","Plots","pyplot","0.7.0","ref1.png"))
        plot(img)
    end)]
 ),
@@ -103,7 +102,7 @@ series.
 """,
    [:(begin
        ys = Vector[rand(10), rand(20)]
-        plot(ys, color=[:black :orange], line=(:dot,4), marker=([:hex :d],12,0.8,Plots.stroke(3,:gray)))
+        plot(ys, color=[:black :orange], line=(:dot,4), marker=([:hex :d],12,0.8,stroke(3,:gray)))
    end)]
 ),

@@ -203,8 +202,7 @@ plot(Plots.fakedata(100,10), layout=4, palette=[:grays :blues :heat :lightrainbo
 PlotExample("",
    "",
    [:(begin
-        using Random
-        Random.seed!(111)
+        Random.srand(111)
        plot!(Plots.fakedata(100,10))
    end)]
 ),
@@ -297,7 +295,7 @@ PlotExample("3D",
        x = ts .* map(cos,ts)
        y = 0.1ts .* map(sin,ts)
        z = 1:n
-        plot(x, y, z, zcolor=reverse(z), m=(10,0.8,:blues,Plots.stroke(0)), leg=false, cbar=true, w=5)
+        plot(x, y, z, zcolor=reverse(z), m=(10,0.8,:blues,stroke(0)), leg=false, cbar=true, w=5)
        plot!(zeros(n),zeros(n),1:n, w=10)
    end)]
 ),
@@ -384,9 +382,8 @@ various different nonzero values, a colorbar is added. The colorbar can be disab
 `legend = nothing`.
 """,
    [:(begin
-    using SparseArrays
-    a = spdiagm(0 => ones(50), 1 => ones(49), -1 => ones(49), 10 => ones(40), -10 => ones(40))
-    b = spdiagm(0 => 1:50, 1 => 1:49, -1 => 1:49, 10 => 1:40, -10 => 1:40)
+    a = spdiagm((ones(50), ones(49), ones(49), ones(40), ones(40)),(0, 1, -1, 10, -10))
+    b = spdiagm((1:50, 1:49, 1:49, 1:40, 1:40),(0, 1, -1, 10, -10))
    plot(spy(a), spy(b), title = ["Unique nonzeros" "Different nonzeros"])
    end)]
 ),
@@ -414,7 +411,7 @@ attribute. The default framestyle is `:axes`.
    scatter(fill(randn(10), 6), fill(randn(10), 6),
        framestyle = [:box :semi :origin :zerolines :grid :none],
        title = [":box" ":semi" ":origin" ":zerolines" ":grid" ":none"],
-        color = permutedims(1:6), layout = 6, label = "", markerstrokewidth = 0,
+        color = RowVector(1:6), layout = 6, label = "", markerstrokewidth = 0,
        ticks = -2:2)
    end)]
 ),
@@ -430,42 +427,13 @@ each line segment or marker in the plot.
        x = t .* cos.(θ)
        y = t .* sin.(θ)
        p1 = plot(x, y, line_z=t, linewidth=3, legend=false)
-        p2 = scatter(x, y, marker_z=(x,y)->x+y, color=:bluesreds, legend=false)
+        p2 = scatter(x, y, marker_z=t, color=:bluesreds, legend=false)
        plot(p1, p2)
    end)]
 ),

-PlotExample("Portfolio Composition maps",
-"""
-see: http://stackoverflow.com/a/37732384/5075246
-""",
-    [:(begin
-    using Random
-    Random.seed!(111)
-    tickers = ["IBM", "Google", "Apple", "Intel"]
-    N = 10
-    D = length(tickers)
-    weights = rand(N,D)
-    weights ./= sum(weights, dims = 2)
-    returns = sort!((1:N) + D*randn(N))
-
-    portfoliocomposition(weights, returns, labels = permutedims(tickers))
-    end)]
-),
-
 ]

-# Some constants for PlotDocs and PlotReferenceImages
-_animation_examples = [2, 30]
-_backend_skips = Dict(
-    :gr => [25, 30],
-    :pyplot => [25, 30],
-    :plotlyjs => [2, 21, 25, 30, 31],
-    :pgfplots => [2, 5, 6, 10, 16, 20, 22, 23, 25, 28, 30],
-)
-
-
-
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 # make and display one plot
@@ -502,7 +470,7 @@ function test_examples(pkgname::Symbol; debug = false, disp = true, sleep = noth
      plts[i] = plt
    catch ex
      # TODO: put error info into markdown?
-      @warn("Example $pkgname:$i:$(_examples[i].header) failed with: $ex")
+      warn("Example $pkgname:$i:$(_examples[i].header) failed with: $ex")
    end
    if sleep != nothing
        Base.sleep(sleep)
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-# ---------------------------------------------------------
-# A backup, if no PNG generation is defined, is to try to make a PDF and use FileIO to convert
-
-_fileio_load(@nospecialize(filename::AbstractString)) = FileIO.load(filename::AbstractString)
-_fileio_save(@nospecialize(filename::AbstractString), @nospecialize(x)) = FileIO.save(filename::AbstractString, x)
-
-function _show_pdfbackends(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::Plot)
-    fn = tempname()
-
-    # first save a pdf file
-    pdf(plt, fn)
-
-    # load that pdf into a FileIO Stream
-    s = _fileio_load(fn * ".pdf")
-
-    # save a png
-    pngfn = fn * ".png"
-    _fileio_save(pngfn, s)
-
-    # now write from the file
-    write(io, read(open(pngfn), String))
-end
-
-const PDFBackends = Union{PGFPlotsBackend,PlotlyJSBackend,PyPlotBackend,InspectDRBackend,GRBackend}
@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-const use_local_dependencies = Ref(false)
-const use_local_plotlyjs = Ref(false)
-
-
-function _init_ijulia_plotting()
-    # IJulia is more stable with local file
-    use_local_plotlyjs[] = isfile(plotly_local_file_path)
-
-    ENV["MPLBACKEND"] = "Agg"
-end
-
-
-"""
-Add extra jupyter mimetypes to display_dict based on the plot backed.
-
-The default is nothing, except for plotly based backends, where it
-adds data for `application/vnd.plotly.v1+json` that is used in
-frontends like jupyterlab and nteract.
-"""
-_ijulia__extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot, out::Dict) = out
-
-function _ijulia__extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}, out::Dict)
-    out["application/vnd.plotly.v1+json"] = JSON.lower(plt.o)
-    out
-end
-
-function _ijulia__extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}, out::Dict)
-    out["application/vnd.plotly.v1+json"] = Dict(
-        :data => plotly_series(plt),
-        :layout => plotly_layout(plt)
-    )
-    out
-end
-
-
-function _ijulia_display_dict(plt::Plot)
-    output_type = Symbol(plt.attr[:html_output_format])
-    if output_type == :auto
-        output_type = get(_best_html_output_type, backend_name(plt.backend), :svg)
-    end
-    out = Dict()
-    if output_type == :txt
-        mime = "text/plain"
-        out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
-    elseif output_type == :png
-        mime = "image/png"
-        out[mime] = base64encode(show, MIME(mime), plt)
-    elseif output_type == :svg
-        mime = "image/svg+xml"
-        out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
-    elseif output_type == :html
-        mime = "text/html"
-        out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
-    else
-        error("Unsupported output type $output_type")
-    end
-    _ijulia__extra_mime_info!(plt, out)
-    out
-end
@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-using REPL
-
-
-function _plots_defaults()
-    if isdefined(Main, :PLOTS_DEFAULTS)
-        Main.PLOTS_DEFAULTS::Dict{Symbol,Any}
-    else
-        Dict{Symbol,Any}()
-    end
-end
-
-
-function __init__()
-    user_defaults = _plots_defaults()
-    if haskey(user_defaults, :theme)
-        theme(user_defaults[:theme])
-    end
-    for (k,v) in user_defaults
-        k == :theme || default(k, v)
-    end
-
-    insert!(Base.Multimedia.displays, findlast(x -> x isa Base.TextDisplay || x isa REPL.REPLDisplay, Base.Multimedia.displays) + 1, PlotsDisplay())
-
-    atreplinit(i -> begin
-        while PlotsDisplay() in Base.Multimedia.displays
-            popdisplay(PlotsDisplay())
-        end
-        insert!(Base.Multimedia.displays, findlast(x -> x isa REPL.REPLDisplay, Base.Multimedia.displays) + 1, PlotsDisplay())
-    end)
-
-    @require HDF5 = "f67ccb44-e63f-5c2f-98bd-6dc0ccc4ba2f" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "hdf5.jl"))
-    @require InspectDR = "d0351b0e-4b05-5898-87b3-e2a8edfddd1d" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "inspectdr.jl"))
-    @require PGFPlots = "3b7a836e-365b-5785-a47d-02c71176b4aa" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "pgfplots.jl"))
-    @require PlotlyJS = "f0f68f2c-4968-5e81-91da-67840de0976a" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "plotlyjs.jl"))
-    @require PyPlot = "d330b81b-6aea-500a-939a-2ce795aea3ee" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "pyplot.jl"))
-    @require UnicodePlots = "b8865327-cd53-5732-bb35-84acbb429228" include(joinpath(@__DIR__, "backends", "unicodeplots.jl"))
-
-    @require IJulia = "7073ff75-c697-5162-941a-fcdaad2a7d2a" begin
-        if IJulia.inited
-            _init_ijulia_plotting()
-
-            IJulia.display_dict(plt::Plot) = _ijulia_display_dict(plt)
-        end
-    end
-
-    if haskey(ENV, "PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL")
-        use_local_plotlyjs[] = ENV["PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL"] == "true"
-        use_local_dependencies[] = isfile(plotly_local_file_path) && use_local_plotlyjs[]
-        if use_local_plotlyjs[] && !isfile(plotly_local_file_path)
-            @warn("PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL is set to true, but no local plotly file found. run Pkg.build(\"Plots\") and make sure PLOTS_HOST_DEPENDENCY_LOCAL is set to true")
-        end
-    else
-        use_local_dependencies[] = use_local_plotlyjs[]
-    end
-
-
-    @require FileIO = "5789e2e9-d7fb-5bc7-8068-2c6fae9b9549" begin
-        _show(io::IO, mime::MIME"image/png", plt::Plot{<:PDFBackends}) = _show_pdfbackends(io, mime, plt)
-    end
-end
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ to_pixels(m::AbsoluteLength) = m.value / 0.254

 const _cbar_width = 5mm

-#Base.broadcast(::typeof(Base.:.*), m::Measure, n::Number) = m * n
-#Base.broadcast(::typeof(Base.:.*), m::Number, n::Measure) = m * n
+Base.broadcast(::typeof(Base.:.*), m::Measure, n::Number) = m * n
+Base.broadcast(::typeof(Base.:.*), m::Number, n::Measure) = m * n
 Base.:-(m::Measure, a::AbstractArray) = map(ai -> m - ai, a)
 Base.:-(a::AbstractArray, m::Measure) = map(ai -> ai - m, a)
 Base.zero(::Type{typeof(mm)}) = 0mm
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ function bbox(x, y, w, h, oarg1::Symbol, originargs::Symbol...)
        elseif oarg in (:top, :bottom, :vcenter)
            origver = oarg
        else
-            @warn("Unused origin arg in bbox construction: $oarg")
+            warn("Unused origin arg in bbox construction: $oarg")
        end
    end
    bbox(x, y, w, h; h_anchor = orighor, v_anchor = origver)
@@ -464,12 +464,12 @@ end
 # constructors

 # pass the layout arg through
-function layout_args(plotattributes::KW)
-    layout_args(get(plotattributes, :layout, default(:layout)))
+function layout_args(d::KW)
+    layout_args(get(d, :layout, default(:layout)))
 end

-function layout_args(plotattributes::KW, n_override::Integer)
-    layout, n = layout_args(get(plotattributes, :layout, n_override))
+function layout_args(d::KW, n_override::Integer)
+    layout, n = layout_args(get(d, :layout, n_override))
    if n != n_override
        error("When doing layout, n ($n) != n_override ($(n_override)).  You're probably trying to force existing plots into a layout that doesn't fit them.")
    end
@@ -55,7 +55,9 @@ tex(fn::AbstractString) = tex(current(), fn)
 function html(plt::Plot, fn::AbstractString)
    fn = addExtension(fn, "html")
    io = open(fn, "w")
+    _use_remote[] = true
    show(io, MIME("text/html"), plt)
+    _use_remote[] = false
    close(io)
 end
 html(fn::AbstractString) = html(current(), fn)
@@ -143,6 +145,11 @@ function Base.display(::PlotsDisplay, plt::Plot)
    _display(plt)
 end

+# override the REPL display to open a gui window
+using REPL
+Base.display(::REPL.REPLDisplay, ::MIME"text/plain", plt::Plot) = gui(plt)
+
+
 _do_plot_show(plt, showval::Bool) = showval && gui(plt)
 function _do_plot_show(plt, showval::Symbol)
    showval == :gui && gui(plt)
@@ -154,6 +161,7 @@ end
 const _best_html_output_type = KW(
    :pyplot => :png,
    :unicodeplots => :txt,
+    :glvisualize => :png,
    :plotlyjs => :html,
    :plotly => :html
 )
@@ -165,10 +173,10 @@ function _show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", plt::Plot)
        output_type = get(_best_html_output_type, backend_name(plt.backend), :svg)
    end
    if output_type == :png
-        # @info("writing png to html output")
+        # info("writing png to html output")
        print(io, "<img src=\"data:image/png;base64,", base64encode(show, MIME("image/png"), plt), "\" />")
    elseif output_type == :svg
-        # @info("writing svg to html output")
+        # info("writing svg to html output")
        show(io, MIME("image/svg+xml"), plt)
    elseif output_type == :txt
        show(io, MIME("text/plain"), plt)
@@ -177,8 +185,8 @@ function _show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", plt::Plot)
    end
 end

-# delegate showable to _show instead
-function Base.showable(m::M, plt::P) where {M<:MIME, P<:Plot}
+# delegate mimewritable (showable on julia 0.7) to _show instead
+function Base.mimewritable(m::M, plt::P) where {M<:MIME, P<:Plot}
    return hasmethod(_show, Tuple{IO, M, P})
 end

@@ -189,14 +197,10 @@ end
 # for writing to io streams... first prepare, then callback
 for mime in ("text/plain", "text/html", "image/png", "image/eps", "image/svg+xml",
             "application/eps", "application/pdf", "application/postscript",
-             "application/x-tex", "application/vnd.plotly.v1+json")
+             "application/x-tex")
    @eval function Base.show(io::IO, m::MIME{Symbol($mime)}, plt::Plot)
-        if haskey(io, :juno_plotsize)
-          showjuno(io, m, plt)
-        else
-          prepare_output(plt)
-          _show(io, m, plt)
-        end
+        prepare_output(plt)
+        _show(io, m, plt)
    end
 end

@@ -207,6 +211,30 @@ _show(io::IO, ::MIME{Symbol("text/plain")}, plt::Plot) = show(io, plt)
 closeall() = closeall(backend())


+# ---------------------------------------------------------
+# A backup, if no PNG generation is defined, is to try to make a PDF and use FileIO to convert
+
+const PDFBackends = Union{PGFPlotsBackend,PlotlyJSBackend,PyPlotBackend,InspectDRBackend,GRBackend}
+if is_installed("FileIO")
+    @eval import FileIO
+    function _show(io::IO, ::MIME"image/png", plt::Plot{<:PDFBackends})
+        fn = tempname()
+
+        # first save a pdf file
+        pdf(plt, fn)
+
+        # load that pdf into a FileIO Stream
+        s = FileIO.load(fn * ".pdf")
+
+        # save a png
+        pngfn = fn * ".png"
+        FileIO.save(pngfn, s)
+
+        # now write from the file
+        write(io, read(open(pngfn), String))
+    end
+end
+
 # function html_output_format(fmt)
 #     if fmt == "png"
 #         @eval function Base.show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", plt::Plot)
@@ -223,38 +251,112 @@ closeall() = closeall(backend())
 #
 # html_output_format("svg")

+# ---------------------------------------------------------
+# IJulia
+# ---------------------------------------------------------
+
+@require IJulia = "7073ff75-c697-5162-941a-fcdaad2a7d2a" begin
+    if IJulia.inited
+
+        """
+        Add extra jupyter mimetypes to display_dict based on the plot backed.
+
+        The default is nothing, except for plotly based backends, where it
+        adds data for `application/vnd.plotly.v1+json` that is used in
+        frontends like jupyterlab and nteract.
+        """
+        _extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot, out::Dict) = out
+        function _extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend}, out::Dict)
+            out["application/vnd.plotly.v1+json"] = JSON.lower(plt.o)
+            out
+        end
+
+        function _extra_mime_info!(plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend}, out::Dict)
+            out["application/vnd.plotly.v1+json"] = Dict(
+                :data => plotly_series(plt),
+                :layout => plotly_layout(plt)
+            )
+            out
+        end
+
+        function IJulia.display_dict(plt::Plot)
+            output_type = Symbol(plt.attr[:html_output_format])
+            if output_type == :auto
+                output_type = get(_best_html_output_type, backend_name(plt.backend), :svg)
+            end
+            out = Dict()
+            if output_type == :txt
+                mime = "text/plain"
+                out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
+            elseif output_type == :png
+                mime = "image/png"
+                out[mime] = base64encode(show, MIME(mime), plt)
+            elseif output_type == :svg
+                mime = "image/svg+xml"
+                out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
+            elseif output_type == :html
+                mime = "text/html"
+                out[mime] = sprint(show, MIME(mime), plt)
+            else
+                error("Unsupported output type $output_type")
+            end
+            _extra_mime_info!(plt, out)
+            out
+        end
+
+        ENV["MPLBACKEND"] = "Agg"
+    end
+end

 # ---------------------------------------------------------
 # Atom PlotPane
 # ---------------------------------------------------------
-function showjuno(io::IO, m, plt)
-    sz = plt[:size]
-    dpi = plt[:dpi]
-    thickness_scaling = plt[:thickness_scaling]
+@require Juno = "e5e0dc1b-0480-54bc-9374-aad01c23163d" begin
+    import Hiccup, Media

-    jsize = get(io, :juno_plotsize, [400, 500])
+    if Juno.isactive()
+        Media.media(Plot, Media.Plot)

-    scale = minimum(jsize[i] / sz[i] for i in 1:2)
-    plt[:size] = (s * scale for s in sz)
-    plt[:dpi] = Plots.DPI
-    plt[:thickness_scaling] *= scale
+        function Juno.render(e::Juno.Editor, plt::Plot)
+            Juno.render(e, nothing)
+        end

-    prepare_output(plt)
-    try
-      _showjuno(io, m, plt)
-    finally
-      plt[:size] = sz
-      plt[:dpi] = dpi
-      plt[:thickness_scaling] = thickness_scaling
+        if get(ENV, "PLOTS_USE_ATOM_PLOTPANE", true) in (true, 1, "1", "true", "yes")
+            function Juno.render(pane::Juno.PlotPane, plt::Plot)
+                # temporarily overwrite size to be Atom.plotsize
+                sz = plt[:size]
+                dpi = plt[:dpi]
+                thickness_scaling = plt[:thickness_scaling]
+                jsize = Juno.plotsize()
+                jsize[1] == 0 && (jsize[1] = 400)
+                jsize[2] == 0 && (jsize[2] = 500)
+
+                scale = minimum(jsize[i] / sz[i] for i in 1:2)
+                plt[:size] = (s * scale for s in sz)
+                plt[:dpi] = Plots.DPI
+                plt[:thickness_scaling] *= scale
+                Juno.render(pane, HTML(stringmime(MIME("text/html"), plt)))
+                plt[:size] = sz
+                plt[:dpi] = dpi
+                plt[:thickness_scaling] = thickness_scaling
+            end
+            # special handling for PlotlyJS
+            function Juno.render(pane::Juno.PlotPane, plt::Plot{PlotlyJSBackend})
+                display(Plots.PlotsDisplay(), plt)
+            end
+        else
+            function Juno.render(pane::Juno.PlotPane, plt::Plot)
+                display(Plots.PlotsDisplay(), plt)
+                s = "PlotPane turned off.  Unset ENV[\"PLOTS_USE_ATOM_PLOTPANE\"] and restart Julia to enable it."
+                Juno.render(pane, HTML(s))
+            end
+        end
+
+        # special handling for plotly... use PlotsDisplay
+        function Juno.render(pane::Juno.PlotPane, plt::Plot{PlotlyBackend})
+            display(Plots.PlotsDisplay(), plt)
+            s = "PlotPane turned off.  The plotly backend cannot render in the PlotPane due to javascript issues. Plotlyjs is similar to plotly and is compatible with the plot pane."
+            Juno.render(pane, HTML(s))
+        end
    end
 end
-
-function _showjuno(io::IO, m::MIME"image/svg+xml", plt)
-  if Symbol(plt.attr[:html_output_format]) ≠ :svg
-    throw(MethodError(show, (typeof(m), typeof(plt))))
-  else
-    _show(io, m, plt)
-  end
-end
-
-_showjuno(io::IO, m, plt) = _show(io, m, plt)
@@ -7,44 +7,44 @@ function command_idx(kw_list::AVec{KW}, kw::KW)
    Int(kw[:series_plotindex]) - Int(kw_list[1][:series_plotindex]) + 1
 end

-function _expand_seriestype_array(plotattributes::KW, args)
-    sts = get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :path)
+function _expand_seriestype_array(d::KW, args)
+    sts = get(d, :seriestype, :path)
    if typeof(sts) <: AbstractArray
-        delete!(plotattributes, :seriestype)
+        delete!(d, :seriestype)
        rd = Vector{RecipeData}(undef, size(sts, 1))
        for r in 1:size(sts, 1)
-            dc = copy(plotattributes)
+            dc = copy(d)
            dc[:seriestype] = sts[r:r,:]
            rd[r] = RecipeData(dc, args)
        end
        rd
    else
-        RecipeData[RecipeData(copy(plotattributes), args)]
+        RecipeData[RecipeData(copy(d), args)]
    end
 end

-function _preprocess_args(plotattributes::KW, args, still_to_process::Vector{RecipeData})
+function _preprocess_args(d::KW, args, still_to_process::Vector{RecipeData})
    # the grouping mechanism is a recipe on a GroupBy object
    # we simply add the GroupBy object to the front of the args list to allow
    # the recipe to be applied
-    if haskey(plotattributes, :group)
-        args = (extractGroupArgs(plotattributes[:group], args...), args...)
+    if haskey(d, :group)
+        args = (extractGroupArgs(d[:group], args...), args...)
    end

    # if we were passed a vector/matrix of seriestypes and there's more than one row,
    # we want to duplicate the inputs, once for each seriestype row.
    if !isempty(args)
-        append!(still_to_process, _expand_seriestype_array(plotattributes, args))
+        append!(still_to_process, _expand_seriestype_array(d, args))
    end

-    # remove subplot and axis args from plotattributes... they will be passed through in the kw_list
+    # remove subplot and axis args from d... they will be passed through in the kw_list
    if !isempty(args)
-        for (k,v) in plotattributes
+        for (k,v) in d
            for defdict in (_subplot_defaults,
                            _axis_defaults,
                            _axis_defaults_byletter)
                if haskey(defdict, k)
-                    delete!(plotattributes, k)
+                    delete!(d, k)
                end
            end
        end
@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ end
 # user recipes


-function _process_userrecipes(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, args)
+function _process_userrecipes(plt::Plot, d::KW, args)
    still_to_process = RecipeData[]
-    args = _preprocess_args(plotattributes, args, still_to_process)
+    args = _preprocess_args(d, args, still_to_process)

    # for plotting recipes, swap out the args and update the parameter dictionary
    # we are keeping a stack of series that still need to be processed.
@@ -80,20 +80,20 @@ function _process_userrecipes(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, args)
        if isempty(next_series.args)
            _process_userrecipe(plt, kw_list, next_series)
        else
-            rd_list = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(next_series.plotattributes, next_series.args...)
+            rd_list = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(next_series.d, next_series.args...)
            prepend!(still_to_process,rd_list)
        end
    end

    # don't allow something else to handle it
-    plotattributes[:smooth] = false
+    d[:smooth] = false
    kw_list
 end

 function _process_userrecipe(plt::Plot, kw_list::Vector{KW}, recipedata::RecipeData)
    # when the arg tuple is empty, that means there's nothing left to recursively
    # process... finish up and add to the kw_list
-    kw = recipedata.plotattributes
+    kw = recipedata.d
    preprocessArgs!(kw)
    _preprocess_userrecipe(kw)
    warnOnUnsupported_scales(plt.backend, kw)
@@ -117,12 +117,12 @@ function _preprocess_userrecipe(kw::KW)
    # map marker_z if it's a Function
    if isa(get(kw, :marker_z, nothing), Function)
        # TODO: should this take y and/or z as arguments?
-        kw[:marker_z] = isa(kw[:z], Nothing) ? map(kw[:marker_z], kw[:x], kw[:y]) : map(kw[:marker_z], kw[:x], kw[:y], kw[:z])
+        kw[:marker_z] = map(kw[:marker_z], kw[:x], kw[:y], kw[:z])
    end

    # map line_z if it's a Function
    if isa(get(kw, :line_z, nothing), Function)
-        kw[:line_z] = isa(kw[:z], Nothing) ? map(kw[:line_z], kw[:x], kw[:y]) : map(kw[:line_z], kw[:x], kw[:y], kw[:z])
+        kw[:line_z] = map(kw[:line_z], kw[:x], kw[:y], kw[:z])
    end

    # convert a ribbon into a fillrange
@@ -183,11 +183,11 @@ function _process_plotrecipe(plt::Plot, kw::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW}, still_to_pr
        st = kw[:seriestype] = get(_typeAliases, st, st)
        datalist = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(kw, Val{st}, plt)
        for data in datalist
-            preprocessArgs!(data.plotattributes)
-            if data.plotattributes[:seriestype] == st
-                error("Plot recipe $st returned the same seriestype: $(data.plotattributes)")
+            preprocessArgs!(data.d)
+            if data.d[:seriestype] == st
+                error("Plot recipe $st returned the same seriestype: $(data.d)")
            end
-            push!(still_to_process, data.plotattributes)
+            push!(still_to_process, data.d)
        end
    catch err
        if isa(err, MethodError)
@@ -203,14 +203,14 @@ end
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 # setup plot and subplot

-function _plot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
+function _plot_setup(plt::Plot, d::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
    # merge in anything meant for the Plot
    for kw in kw_list, (k,v) in kw
-        haskey(_plot_defaults, k) && (plotattributes[k] = pop!(kw, k))
+        haskey(_plot_defaults, k) && (d[k] = pop!(kw, k))
    end

    # TODO: init subplots here
-    _update_plot_args(plt, plotattributes)
+    _update_plot_args(plt, d)
    if !plt.init
        plt.o = Base.invokelatest(_create_backend_figure, plt)

@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ function _plot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
    plt[:inset_subplots] = nothing
 end

-function _subplot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
+function _subplot_setup(plt::Plot, d::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})
    # we'll keep a map of subplot to an attribute override dict.
    # Subplot/Axis attributes set by a user/series recipe apply only to the
    # Subplot object which they belong to.
@@ -289,8 +289,8 @@ function _subplot_setup(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, kw_list::Vector{KW})

    # override subplot/axis args.  `sp_attrs` take precendence
    for (idx,sp) in enumerate(plt.subplots)
-        attr = if !haskey(plotattributes, :subplot) || plotattributes[:subplot] == idx
-            merge(plotattributes, get(sp_attrs, sp, KW()))
+        attr = if !haskey(d, :subplot) || d[:subplot] == idx
+            merge(d, get(sp_attrs, sp, KW()))
        else
            get(sp_attrs, sp, KW())
        end
@@ -303,13 +303,13 @@ end

 # getting ready to add the series... last update to subplot from anything
 # that might have been added during series recipes
-function _prepare_subplot(plt::Plot{T}, plotattributes::KW) where T
-    st::Symbol = plotattributes[:seriestype]
-    sp::Subplot{T} = plotattributes[:subplot]
+function _prepare_subplot(plt::Plot{T}, d::KW) where T
+    st::Symbol = d[:seriestype]
+    sp::Subplot{T} = d[:subplot]
    sp_idx = get_subplot_index(plt, sp)
-    _update_subplot_args(plt, sp, plotattributes, sp_idx, true)
+    _update_subplot_args(plt, sp, d, sp_idx, true)

-    st = _override_seriestype_check(plotattributes, st)
+    st = _override_seriestype_check(d, st)

    # change to a 3d projection for this subplot?
    if is3d(st)
@@ -327,28 +327,28 @@ end
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 # series types

-function _override_seriestype_check(plotattributes::KW, st::Symbol)
+function _override_seriestype_check(d::KW, st::Symbol)
    # do we want to override the series type?
    if !is3d(st) && !(st in (:contour,:contour3d))
-        z = plotattributes[:z]
-        if !isa(z, Nothing) && (size(plotattributes[:x]) == size(plotattributes[:y]) == size(z))
+        z = d[:z]
+        if !isa(z, Nothing) && (size(d[:x]) == size(d[:y]) == size(z))
            st = (st == :scatter ? :scatter3d : :path3d)
-            plotattributes[:seriestype] = st
+            d[:seriestype] = st
        end
    end
    st
 end

-function _prepare_annotations(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
+function _prepare_annotations(sp::Subplot, d::KW)
    # strip out series annotations (those which are based on series x/y coords)
    # and add them to the subplot attr
    sp_anns = annotations(sp[:annotations])
-    # series_anns = annotations(pop!(plotattributes, :series_annotations, []))
+    # series_anns = annotations(pop!(d, :series_annotations, []))
    # if isa(series_anns, SeriesAnnotations)
-    #     series_anns.x = plotattributes[:x]
-    #     series_anns.y = plotattributes[:y]
+    #     series_anns.x = d[:x]
+    #     series_anns.y = d[:y]
    # elseif length(series_anns) > 0
-    #     x, y = plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y]
+    #     x, y = d[:x], d[:y]
    #     nx, ny, na = map(length, (x,y,series_anns))
    #     n = max(nx, ny, na)
    #     series_anns = [(x[mod1(i,nx)], y[mod1(i,ny)], text(series_anns[mod1(i,na)])) for i=1:n]
@@ -356,14 +356,14 @@ function _prepare_annotations(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW)
    # sp.attr[:annotations] = vcat(sp_anns, series_anns)
 end

-function _expand_subplot_extrema(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW, st::Symbol)
+function _expand_subplot_extrema(sp::Subplot, d::KW, st::Symbol)
    # adjust extrema and discrete info
    if st == :image
-        xmin, xmax = ignorenan_extrema(plotattributes[:x]); ymin, ymax = ignorenan_extrema(plotattributes[:y])
+        xmin, xmax = ignorenan_extrema(d[:x]); ymin, ymax = ignorenan_extrema(d[:y])
        expand_extrema!(sp[:xaxis], (xmin, xmax))
        expand_extrema!(sp[:yaxis], (ymin, ymax))
    elseif !(st in (:pie, :histogram, :bins2d, :histogram2d))
-        expand_extrema!(sp, plotattributes)
+        expand_extrema!(sp, d)
    end
    # expand for zerolines (axes through origin)
    if sp[:framestyle] in (:origin, :zerolines)
@@ -372,10 +372,10 @@ function _expand_subplot_extrema(sp::Subplot, plotattributes::KW, st::Symbol)
    end
 end

-function _add_the_series(plt, sp, plotattributes)
-    warnOnUnsupported_args(plt.backend, plotattributes)
-    warnOnUnsupported(plt.backend, plotattributes)
-    series = Series(plotattributes)
+function _add_the_series(plt, sp, d)
+    warnOnUnsupported_args(plt.backend, d)
+    warnOnUnsupported(plt.backend, d)
+    series = Series(d)
    push!(plt.series_list, series)
    push!(sp.series_list, series)
    _series_added(plt, series)
@@ -385,38 +385,38 @@ end

 # this method recursively applies series recipes when the seriestype is not supported
 # natively by the backend
-function _process_seriesrecipe(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW)
+function _process_seriesrecipe(plt::Plot, d::KW)
    # replace seriestype aliases
-    st = Symbol(plotattributes[:seriestype])
-    st = plotattributes[:seriestype] = get(_typeAliases, st, st)
+    st = Symbol(d[:seriestype])
+    st = d[:seriestype] = get(_typeAliases, st, st)

    # shapes shouldn't have fillrange set
-    if plotattributes[:seriestype] == :shape
-        plotattributes[:fillrange] = nothing
+    if d[:seriestype] == :shape
+        d[:fillrange] = nothing
    end

    # if it's natively supported, finalize processing and pass along to the backend, otherwise recurse
    if is_seriestype_supported(st)
-        sp = _prepare_subplot(plt, plotattributes)
-        _prepare_annotations(sp, plotattributes)
-        _expand_subplot_extrema(sp, plotattributes, st)
-        _update_series_attributes!(plotattributes, plt, sp)
-        _add_the_series(plt, sp, plotattributes)
+        sp = _prepare_subplot(plt, d)
+        _prepare_annotations(sp, d)
+        _expand_subplot_extrema(sp, d, st)
+        _update_series_attributes!(d, plt, sp)
+        _add_the_series(plt, sp, d)

    else
        # get a sub list of series for this seriestype
-        datalist = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes, Val{st}, plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y], plotattributes[:z])
+        datalist = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(d, Val{st}, d[:x], d[:y], d[:z])

        # assuming there was no error, recursively apply the series recipes
        for data in datalist
            if isa(data, RecipeData)
-                preprocessArgs!(data.plotattributes)
-                if data.plotattributes[:seriestype] == st
+                preprocessArgs!(data.d)
+                if data.d[:seriestype] == st
                    error("The seriestype didn't change in series recipe $st.  This will cause a StackOverflow.")
                end
-                _process_seriesrecipe(plt, data.plotattributes)
+                _process_seriesrecipe(plt, data.d)
            else
-                @warn("Unhandled recipe: $(data)")
+                warn("Unhandled recipe: $(data)")
                break
            end
        end
@@ -48,20 +48,20 @@ as a String to look up its docstring; e.g. `plotattr("seriestype")`.
 """
 function plot(args...; kw...)
    # this creates a new plot with args/kw and sets it to be the current plot
-    plotattributes = KW(kw)
-    preprocessArgs!(plotattributes)
+    d = KW(kw)
+    preprocessArgs!(d)

    # create an empty Plot then process
    plt = Plot()
-    # plt.user_attr = plotattributes
-    _plot!(plt, plotattributes, args)
+    # plt.user_attr = d
+    _plot!(plt, d, args)
 end

 # build a new plot from existing plots
 # note: we split into plt1 and plts_tail so we can dispatch correctly
 function plot(plt1::Plot, plts_tail::Plot...; kw...)
-    plotattributes = KW(kw)
-    preprocessArgs!(plotattributes)
+    d = KW(kw)
+    preprocessArgs!(d)

    # build our plot vector from the args
    n = length(plts_tail) + 1
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ function plot(plt1::Plot, plts_tail::Plot...; kw...)
    end

    # compute the layout
-    layout = layout_args(plotattributes, n)[1]
+    layout = layout_args(d, n)[1]
    num_sp = sum([length(p.subplots) for p in plts])

    # create a new plot object, with subplot list/map made of existing subplots.
@@ -83,21 +83,21 @@ function plot(plt1::Plot, plts_tail::Plot...; kw...)
    # TODO: build the user_attr dict by creating "Any matrices" for the args of each subplot

    # TODO: replace this with proper processing from a merged user_attr KW
-    # update plot args, first with existing plots, then override with plotattributes
+    # update plot args, first with existing plots, then override with d
    for p in plts
        _update_plot_args(plt, copy(p.attr))
        plt.n += p.n
    end
-    _update_plot_args(plt, plotattributes)
+    _update_plot_args(plt, d)

    # pass new plot to the backend
    plt.o = _create_backend_figure(plt)
    plt.init = true

    series_attr = KW()
-    for (k,v) in plotattributes
+    for (k,v) in d
        if haskey(_series_defaults, k)
-            series_attr[k] = pop!(plotattributes,k)
+            series_attr[k] = pop!(d,k)
        end
    end

@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ function plot(plt1::Plot, plts_tail::Plot...; kw...)
        sp.plt = plt
        sp.attr[:subplot_index] = idx
        for series in serieslist
-            merge!(series.plotattributes, series_attr)
-            _add_defaults!(series.plotattributes, plt, sp, cmdidx)
+            merge!(series.d, series_attr)
+            _add_defaults!(series.d, plt, sp, cmdidx)
            push!(plt.series_list, series)
            _series_added(plt, series)
            cmdidx += 1
@@ -128,12 +128,12 @@ function plot(plt1::Plot, plts_tail::Plot...; kw...)

    # first apply any args for the subplots
    for (idx,sp) in enumerate(plt.subplots)
-        _update_subplot_args(plt, sp, plotattributes, idx, false)
+        _update_subplot_args(plt, sp, d, idx, false)
    end

    # finish up
    current(plt)
-    _do_plot_show(plt, get(plotattributes, :show, default(:show)))
+    _do_plot_show(plt, get(d, :show, default(:show)))
    plt
 end

@@ -152,10 +152,10 @@ end

 # this adds to a specific plot... most plot commands will flow through here
 function plot!(plt::Plot, args...; kw...)
-    plotattributes = KW(kw)
-    preprocessArgs!(plotattributes)
-    # merge!(plt.user_attr, plotattributes)
-    _plot!(plt, plotattributes, args)
+    d = KW(kw)
+    preprocessArgs!(d)
+    # merge!(plt.user_attr, d)
+    _plot!(plt, d, args)
 end

 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -163,21 +163,21 @@ end
 # this is the core plotting function.  recursively apply recipes to build
 # a list of series KW dicts.
 # note: at entry, we only have those preprocessed args which were passed in... no default values yet
-function _plot!(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, args::Tuple)
-    plotattributes[:plot_object] = plt
+function _plot!(plt::Plot, d::KW, args::Tuple)
+    d[:plot_object] = plt

-    if !isempty(args) && !isdefined(Main, :StatsPlots) &&
+    if !isempty(args) && !isdefined(Main, :StatPlots) &&
            first(split(string(typeof(args[1])), ".")) == "DataFrames"
-        @warn("You're trying to plot a DataFrame, but this functionality is provided by StatsPlots")
+        @warn("You're trying to plot a DataFrame, but this functionality is provided by StatPlots")
    end

    # --------------------------------
    # "USER RECIPES"
    # --------------------------------

-    kw_list = _process_userrecipes(plt, plotattributes, args)
+    kw_list = _process_userrecipes(plt, d, args)

-    # @info(1)
+    # info(1)
    # map(DD, kw_list)


@@ -196,14 +196,14 @@ function _plot!(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, args::Tuple)
        _process_plotrecipe(plt, next_kw, kw_list, still_to_process)
    end

-    # @info(2)
+    # info(2)
    # map(DD, kw_list)

    # --------------------------------
    # Plot/Subplot/Layout setup
    # --------------------------------
-    _plot_setup(plt, plotattributes, kw_list)
-    _subplot_setup(plt, plotattributes, kw_list)
+    _plot_setup(plt, d, kw_list)
+    _subplot_setup(plt, d, kw_list)

    # !!! note: At this point, kw_list is fully decomposed into individual series... one KW per series.          !!!
    # !!!       The next step is to recursively apply series recipes until the backend supports that series type !!!
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ function _plot!(plt::Plot, plotattributes::KW, args::Tuple)
    # "SERIES RECIPES"
    # --------------------------------

-    # @info(3)
+    # info(3)
    # map(DD, kw_list)

    for kw in kw_list
@@ -283,11 +283,11 @@ end

 function plot(sp::Subplot, args...; kw...)
    plt = sp.plt
-    plot(plt, args...; kw..., subplot = findfirst(isequal(sp), plt.subplots))
+    plot(plt, args...; kw..., subplot = findfirst(plt.subplots, sp))
 end
 function plot!(sp::Subplot, args...; kw...)
    plt = sp.plt
-    plot!(plt, args...; kw..., subplot = findfirst(isequal(sp), plt.subplots))
+    plot!(plt, args...; kw..., subplot = findfirst(plt.subplots, sp))
 end

 # --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ end
    plotattr([attr])

 Look up the properties of a Plots attribute, or specify an attribute type. Call `plotattr()` for options.
-The information is the same as that given on https://docs.juliaplots.org/latest/attributes/.
+The information is the same as that given on https://juliaplots.github.io/attributes/.
 """
 function plotattr()
    println("Specify an attribute type to get a list of supported attributes. Options are $(attrtypes())")
@@ -40,26 +40,23 @@ function plotattr(attribute::AbstractString)
    error("There is no attribute named $attribute")
 end

-printnothing(x) = x
-printnothing(x::Nothing) = "nothing"
-
 function plotattr(attrtype::Symbol, attribute::AbstractString)
    in(attrtype, keys(_attribute_defaults)) || ArgumentError("`attrtype` must match one of $(attrtypes())")

    attribute = Symbol(lookup_aliases(attrtype, attribute))

    desc = get(_arg_desc, attribute, "")
-    first_period_idx = findfirst(isequal('.'), desc)
+    first_period_idx = findfirst(desc, '.')
    typedesc = desc[1:first_period_idx-1]
    desc = strip(desc[first_period_idx+1:end])
-    als = keys(filter(x->x[2]==attribute, _keyAliases)) |> collect |> sort
+    als = keys(filter((_,v)->v==attribute, _keyAliases)) |> collect |> sort
    als = join(map(string,als), ", ")
    def = _attribute_defaults[attrtype][attribute]


    # Looks up the different elements and plots them
-    println("$(printnothing(attribute)) ", typedesc == "" ? "" : "{$(printnothing(typedesc))}", "\n",
-        als == "" ? "" : "$(printnothing(als))\n",
-        "\n$(printnothing(desc))\n",
-        "$(printnothing(attrtype)) attribute, ", def == "" ? "" : " default: $(printnothing(def))")
+    println("$attribute ", typedesc == "" ? "" : "{$typedesc}", "\n",
+        als == "" ? "" : "$als\n",
+        "\n$desc\n",
+        "$(attrtype) attribute, ", def == "" ? "" : " default: $def")
 end
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ end
 num_series(x::AMat) = size(x,2)
 num_series(x) = 1

-RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes::KW, ::Type{T}, plt::AbstractPlot) where {T} = throw(MethodError(T, "Unmatched plot recipe: $T"))
+RecipesBase.apply_recipe(d::KW, ::Type{T}, plt::AbstractPlot) where {T} = throw(MethodError("Unmatched plot recipe: $T"))

 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

@@ -277,14 +277,14 @@ end
    fr = plotattributes[:fillrange]
    newfr = fr != nothing ? zeros(0) : nothing
    newz = z != nothing ? zeros(0) : nothing
-    # lz = plotattributes[:line_z]
+    # lz = d[:line_z]
    # newlz = lz != nothing ? zeros(0) : nothing

    # for each line segment (point series with no NaNs), convert it into a bezier curve
    # where the points are the control points of the curve
    for rng in iter_segments(args...)
        length(rng) < 2 && continue
-        ts = range(0, stop = 1, length = npoints)
+        ts = linspace(0, 1, npoints)
        nanappend!(newx, map(t -> bezier_value(_cycle(x,rng), t), ts))
        nanappend!(newy, map(t -> bezier_value(_cycle(y,rng), t), ts))
        if z != nothing
@@ -313,9 +313,9 @@ end
    end
    # if lz != nothing
    #     # line_z := newlz
-    #     linecolor := (isa(plotattributes[:linecolor], ColorGradient) ? plotattributes[:linecolor] : cgrad())
+    #     linecolor := (isa(d[:linecolor], ColorGradient) ? d[:linecolor] : cgrad())
    # end
-    # Plots.DD(plotattributes)
+    # Plots.DD(d)
    ()
 end
@deps curves path
@@ -453,16 +453,16 @@ function _preprocess_binbarlike_weights(::Type{T}, w, wscale::Symbol) where T<:A
    w_adj, baseline
 end

-function _preprocess_barlike(plotattributes, x, y)
-    xscale = get(plotattributes, :xscale, :identity)
-    yscale = get(plotattributes, :yscale, :identity)
+function _preprocess_barlike(d, x, y)
+    xscale = get(d, :xscale, :identity)
+    yscale = get(d, :yscale, :identity)
    weights, baseline = _preprocess_binbarlike_weights(float(eltype(y)), y, yscale)
    x, weights, xscale, yscale, baseline
 end

-function _preprocess_binlike(plotattributes, x, y)
-    xscale = get(plotattributes, :xscale, :identity)
-    yscale = get(plotattributes, :yscale, :identity)
+function _preprocess_binlike(d, x, y)
+    xscale = get(d, :xscale, :identity)
+    yscale = get(d, :yscale, :identity)
    T = float(promote_type(eltype(x), eltype(y)))
    edge = T.(x)
    weights, baseline = _preprocess_binbarlike_weights(T, y, yscale)
@@ -498,25 +498,21 @@ function _stepbins_path(edge, weights, baseline::Real, xscale::Symbol, yscale::S
    log_scale_x = xscale in _logScales
    log_scale_y = yscale in _logScales

-    nbins = length(eachindex(weights))
-    if length(eachindex(edge)) != nbins + 1
+    nbins = length(linearindices(weights))
+    if length(linearindices(edge)) != nbins + 1
        error("Edge vector must be 1 longer than weight vector")
    end

    x = eltype(edge)[]
    y = eltype(weights)[]

-    it_tuple_e = iterate(edge)
-    a, it_state_e = it_tuple_e
-    it_tuple_e = iterate(edge, it_state_e)
-
-    it_tuple_w = iterate(weights)
-
+    it_e, it_w = start(edge), start(weights)
+    a, it_e = next(edge, it_e)
    last_w = eltype(weights)(NaN)
-
-    while it_tuple_e != nothing && it_tuple_w != nothing
-        b, it_state_e = it_tuple_e
-        w, it_state_w = it_tuple_w
+    i = 1
+    while (!done(edge, it_e) && !done(edge, it_e))
+        b, it_e = next(edge, it_e)
+        w, it_w = next(weights, it_w)

        if (log_scale_x && a ≈ 0)
            a = b/_logScaleBases[xscale]^3
@@ -540,9 +536,6 @@ function _stepbins_path(edge, weights, baseline::Real, xscale::Symbol, yscale::S

        a = b
        last_w = w
-
-        it_tuple_e = iterate(edge, it_state_e)
-        it_tuple_w = iterate(weights, it_state_w)
    end
    if (last_w != baseline)
        push!(x, a)
@@ -586,12 +579,12 @@ end
 end
 Plots.@deps stepbins path

-wand_edges(x...) = (@warn("Load the StatsPlots package in order to use :wand bins. Defaulting to :auto", once = true); :auto)
+wand_edges(x...) = (warn("Load the StatPlots package in order to use :wand bins. Defaulting to :auto", once = true); :auto)

 function _auto_binning_nbins(vs::NTuple{N,AbstractVector}, dim::Integer; mode::Symbol = :auto) where N
-    _cl(x) = ceil(Int, max(x, one(x)))
+    _cl(x) = ceil(Int, NaNMath.max(x, one(x)))
    _iqr(v) = (q = quantile(v, 0.75) - quantile(v, 0.25); q > 0 ? q : oftype(q, 1))
-    _span(v) = maximum(v) - minimum(v)
+    _span(v) = ignorenan_maximum(v) - ignorenan_minimum(v)

    n_samples = length(LinearIndices(first(vs)))

@@ -626,7 +619,7 @@ _hist_edge(vs::NTuple{N,AbstractVector}, dim::Integer, binning::Integer) where {
 _hist_edge(vs::NTuple{N,AbstractVector}, dim::Integer, binning::Symbol) where {N} = _hist_edge(vs, dim, _auto_binning_nbins(vs, dim, mode = binning))
 _hist_edge(vs::NTuple{N,AbstractVector}, dim::Integer, binning::AbstractVector) where {N} = binning

-_hist_edges(vs::NTuple{N,AbstractVector}, binning::NTuple{N, Any}) where {N} =
+_hist_edges(vs::NTuple{N,AbstractVector}, binning::NTuple{N}) where {N} =
    map(dim -> _hist_edge(vs, dim, binning[dim]), (1:N...,))

 _hist_edges(vs::NTuple{N,AbstractVector}, binning::Union{Integer, Symbol, AbstractVector}) where {N} =
@@ -635,19 +628,11 @@ _hist_edges(vs::NTuple{N,AbstractVector}, binning::Union{Integer, Symbol, Abstra
 _hist_norm_mode(mode::Symbol) = mode
 _hist_norm_mode(mode::Bool) = mode ? :pdf : :none

-_filternans(vs::NTuple{1,AbstractVector}) = filter!.(isfinite, vs)
-function _filternans(vs::NTuple{N,AbstractVector}) where N
-    _invertedindex(v, not) = [j for (i,j) in enumerate(v) if !(i ∈ not)]
-    nots = union(Set.(findall.(!isfinite, vs))...)
-    _invertedindex.(vs, Ref(nots))
-end
-
 function _make_hist(vs::NTuple{N,AbstractVector}, binning; normed = false, weights = nothing) where N
-    localvs = _filternans(vs)
-    edges = _hist_edges(localvs, binning)
+    edges = _hist_edges(vs, binning)
    h = float( weights == nothing ?
-        StatsBase.fit(StatsBase.Histogram, localvs, edges, closed = :left) :
-        StatsBase.fit(StatsBase.Histogram, localvs, StatsBase.Weights(weights), edges, closed = :left)
+        StatsBase.fit(StatsBase.Histogram, vs, edges, closed = :left) :
+        StatsBase.fit(StatsBase.Histogram, vs, StatsBase.Weights(weights), edges, closed = :left)
    )
    normalize!(h, mode = _hist_norm_mode(normed))
 end
@@ -789,11 +774,11 @@ end
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Error Bars

-function error_style!(plotattributes::KW)
-    plotattributes[:seriestype] = :path
-    plotattributes[:linecolor] = plotattributes[:markerstrokecolor]
-    plotattributes[:linewidth] = plotattributes[:markerstrokewidth]
-    plotattributes[:label] = ""
+function error_style!(d::KW)
+    d[:seriestype] = :path
+    d[:linecolor] = d[:markerstrokecolor]
+    d[:linewidth] = d[:markerstrokewidth]
+    d[:label] = ""
 end

 # if we're passed a tuple of vectors, convert to a vector of tuples
@@ -850,16 +835,16 @@ end
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # quiver

-# function apply_series_recipe(plotattributes::KW, ::Type{Val{:quiver}})
-function quiver_using_arrows(plotattributes::KW)
-    plotattributes[:label] = ""
-    plotattributes[:seriestype] = :path
-    if !isa(plotattributes[:arrow], Arrow)
-        plotattributes[:arrow] = arrow()
+# function apply_series_recipe(d::KW, ::Type{Val{:quiver}})
+function quiver_using_arrows(d::KW)
+    d[:label] = ""
+    d[:seriestype] = :path
+    if !isa(d[:arrow], Arrow)
+        d[:arrow] = arrow()
    end

-    velocity = error_zipit(plotattributes[:quiver])
-    xorig, yorig = plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y]
+    velocity = error_zipit(d[:quiver])
+    xorig, yorig = d[:x], d[:y]

    # for each point, we create an arrow of velocity vi, translated to the x/y coordinates
    x, y = zeros(0), zeros(0)
@@ -885,17 +870,17 @@ function quiver_using_arrows(plotattributes::KW)
        nanappend!(y, [yi, yi+vy, NaN])
    end

-    plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y] = x, y
-    # KW[plotattributes]
+    d[:x], d[:y] = x, y
+    # KW[d]
 end

-# function apply_series_recipe(plotattributes::KW, ::Type{Val{:quiver}})
-function quiver_using_hack(plotattributes::KW)
-    plotattributes[:label] = ""
-    plotattributes[:seriestype] = :shape
+# function apply_series_recipe(d::KW, ::Type{Val{:quiver}})
+function quiver_using_hack(d::KW)
+    d[:label] = ""
+    d[:seriestype] = :shape

-    velocity = error_zipit(plotattributes[:quiver])
-    xorig, yorig = plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y]
+    velocity = error_zipit(d[:quiver])
+    xorig, yorig = d[:x], d[:y]

    # for each point, we create an arrow of velocity vi, translated to the x/y coordinates
    pts = P2[]
@@ -931,11 +916,11 @@ function quiver_using_hack(plotattributes::KW)
        nanappend!(pts, P2[p, ppv-U1, ppv-U1+U2, ppv, ppv-U1-U2, ppv-U1])
    end

-    plotattributes[:x], plotattributes[:y] = Plots.unzip(pts[2:end])
-    # KW[plotattributes]
+    d[:x], d[:y] = Plots.unzip(pts[2:end])
+    # KW[d]
 end

-# function apply_series_recipe(plotattributes::KW, ::Type{Val{:quiver}})
+# function apply_series_recipe(d::KW, ::Type{Val{:quiver}})
@recipe function f(::Type{Val{:quiver}}, x, y, z)
    if :arrow in supported_attrs()
        quiver_using_arrows(plotattributes)
@@ -1032,6 +1017,10 @@ end
    @assert length(g.args) == 1 && typeof(g.args[1]) <: AbstractMatrix
    seriestype := :spy
    mat = g.args[1]
+    if length(unique(mat[mat .!= 0])) < 2
+        legend --> nothing
+        seriescolor --> cgrad([invisible(), fg_color(plotattributes)])
+    end
    n,m = size(mat)
    Plots.SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Surface(mat)
 end
@@ -1039,23 +1028,21 @@ end
@recipe function f(::Type{Val{:spy}}, x,y,z)
    yflip := true
    aspect_ratio := 1
+
    rs, cs, zs = findnz(z.surf)
-    xlim := ignorenan_extrema(cs)
-    ylim := ignorenan_extrema(rs)
-    if plotattributes[:markershape] == :none
-        markershape := :circle
+    newz = fill(NaN, size(z)...)
+
+    for i in eachindex(zs)
+        newz[rs[i],cs[i]] = zs[i]
    end
-    if plotattributes[:markersize] == default(:markersize)
-        markersize := 1
-    end
-    markerstrokewidth := 0
-    marker_z := zs
-    label := ""
-    x := cs
-    y := rs
-    z := nothing
-    seriestype := :scatter
+
+    seriestype := :heatmap
    grid --> false
+    framestyle --> :box
+
+    x := x
+    y := y
+    z := Surface(newz)
    ()
 end

@@ -1139,25 +1126,3 @@ end
    title := string(grad.args[1])
    z
 end
-
-
-# Moved in from PlotRecipes - see: http://stackoverflow.com/a/37732384/5075246
-@userplot PortfolioComposition
-
-# this shows the shifting composition of a basket of something over a variable
-# - "returns" are the dependent variable
-# - "weights" are a matrix where the ith column is the composition for returns[i]
-# - since each polygon is its own series, you can assign labels easily
-@recipe function f(pc::PortfolioComposition)
-    weights, returns = pc.args
-    n = length(returns)
-    weights = cumsum(weights, dims = 2)
-    seriestype := :shape
-
-	# create a filled polygon for each item
-    for c=1:size(weights,2)
-        sx = vcat(weights[:,c], c==1 ? zeros(n) : reverse(weights[:,c-1]))
-        sy = vcat(returns, reverse(returns))
-        @series Plots.isvertical(plotattributes) ? (sx, sy) : (sy, sx)
-    end
-end
@@ -8,66 +8,59 @@

 const FuncOrFuncs{F} = Union{F, Vector{F}, Matrix{F}}

-all3D(plotattributes::KW) = trueOrAllTrue(st -> st in (:contour, :contourf, :heatmap, :surface, :wireframe, :contour3d, :image, :plots_heatmap), get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :none))
+all3D(d::KW) = trueOrAllTrue(st -> st in (:contour, :contourf, :heatmap, :surface, :wireframe, :contour3d, :image, :plots_heatmap), get(d, :seriestype, :none))

 # unknown
-convertToAnyVector(x, plotattributes::KW) = error("No user recipe defined for $(typeof(x))")
+convertToAnyVector(x, d::KW) = error("No user recipe defined for $(typeof(x))")

 # missing
-convertToAnyVector(v::Nothing, plotattributes::KW) = Any[nothing], nothing
+convertToAnyVector(v::Nothing, d::KW) = Any[nothing], nothing

 # fixed number of blank series
-convertToAnyVector(n::Integer, plotattributes::KW) = Any[zeros(0) for i in 1:n], nothing
+convertToAnyVector(n::Integer, d::KW) = Any[zeros(0) for i in 1:n], nothing

 # numeric vector
-convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{T}, plotattributes::KW) where {T<:Number} = Any[v], nothing
-convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{Union{Missing, T}}, plotattributes::KW) where {T<:Number} = Any[replace(v, missing => NaN)], nothing
+convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{T}, d::KW) where {T<:Number} = Any[v], nothing

 # string vector
-convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{T}, plotattributes::KW) where {T<:AbstractString} = Any[v], nothing
-convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{Union{Missing, T}}, plotattributes::KW) where {T<:AbstractString} = Any[replace(v, missing => "")], nothing
+convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{T}, d::KW) where {T<:AbstractString} = Any[v], nothing

-function convertToAnyVector(v::AMat, plotattributes::KW)
-    v = handlemissings(v)
-    if all3D(plotattributes)
+function convertToAnyVector(v::AMat, d::KW)
+    if all3D(d)
        Any[Surface(v)]
    else
        Any[v[:,i] for i in 1:size(v,2)]
    end, nothing
 end

-handlemissings(v::AMat) = v
-handlemissings(v::AMat{T}) where T <: Number = replace(v, missing => NaN)
-handlemissings(v::AMat{T}) where T <: String = replace(v, missing => "")
-
 # function
-convertToAnyVector(f::Function, plotattributes::KW) = Any[f], nothing
+convertToAnyVector(f::Function, d::KW) = Any[f], nothing

 # surface
-convertToAnyVector(s::Surface, plotattributes::KW) = Any[s], nothing
+convertToAnyVector(s::Surface, d::KW) = Any[s], nothing

 # volume
-convertToAnyVector(v::Volume, plotattributes::KW) = Any[v], nothing
+convertToAnyVector(v::Volume, d::KW) = Any[v], nothing

 # # vector of OHLC
-# convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{OHLC}, plotattributes::KW) = Any[v], nothing
+# convertToAnyVector(v::AVec{OHLC}, d::KW) = Any[v], nothing

 # # dates
-convertToAnyVector(dts::AVec{D}, plotattributes::KW) where {D<:Union{Date,DateTime}} = Any[dts], nothing
+convertToAnyVector(dts::AVec{D}, d::KW) where {D<:Union{Date,DateTime}} = Any[dts], nothing

 # list of things (maybe other vectors, functions, or something else)
-function convertToAnyVector(v::AVec, plotattributes::KW)
+function convertToAnyVector(v::AVec, d::KW)
    if all(x -> typeof(x) <: Number, v)
        # all real numbers wrap the whole vector as one item
        Any[convert(Vector{Float64}, v)], nothing
    else
        # something else... treat each element as an item
-        vcat(Any[convertToAnyVector(vi, plotattributes)[1] for vi in v]...), nothing
+        vcat(Any[convertToAnyVector(vi, d)[1] for vi in v]...), nothing
        # Any[vi for vi in v], nothing
    end
 end

-convertToAnyVector(t::Tuple, plotattributes::KW) = Any[t], nothing
+convertToAnyVector(t::Tuple, d::KW) = Any[t], nothing


 function convertToAnyVector(args...)
@@ -187,14 +180,14 @@ end
 # this should catch unhandled "series recipes" and error with a nice message
@recipe f(::Type{V}, x, y, z) where {V<:Val} = error("The backend must not support the series type $V, and there isn't a series recipe defined.")

-_apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v) = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes, typeof(v), v)[1].args[1]
+_apply_type_recipe(d, v) = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(d, typeof(v), v)[1].args[1]

 # Handle type recipes when the recipe is defined on the elements.
 # This sort of recipe should return a pair of functions... one to convert to number,
 # and one to format tick values.
-function _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v::AbstractArray)
+function _apply_type_recipe(d, v::AbstractArray)
    isempty(v) && return Float64[]
-    args = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(plotattributes, typeof(v[1]), v[1])[1].args
+    args = RecipesBase.apply_recipe(d, typeof(v[1]), v[1])[1].args
    if length(args) == 2 && typeof(args[1]) <: Function && typeof(args[2]) <: Function
        numfunc, formatter = args
        Formatted(map(numfunc, v), formatter)
@@ -204,13 +197,13 @@ function _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v::AbstractArray)
 end

 # # special handling for Surface... need to properly unwrap and re-wrap
-# function _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v::Surface)
+# function _apply_type_recipe(d, v::Surface)
 #     T = eltype(v.surf)
 #     @show T
 #     if T <: Integer || T <: AbstractFloat
 #         v
 #     else
-#         ret = _apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v.surf)
+#         ret = _apply_type_recipe(d, v.surf)
 #         if typeof(ret) <: Formatted
 #             Formatted(Surface(ret.data), ret.formatter)
 #         else
@@ -220,7 +213,7 @@ end
 # end

 # don't do anything for ints or floats
-_apply_type_recipe(plotattributes, v::AbstractArray{T}) where {T<:Union{Integer,AbstractFloat}} = v
+_apply_type_recipe(d, v::AbstractArray{T}) where {T<:Union{Integer,AbstractFloat}} = v

 # handle "type recipes" by converting inputs, and then either re-calling or slicing
@recipe function f(x, y, z)
@@ -281,11 +274,11 @@ end
 # # --------------------------------------------------------------------

 # helper function to ensure relevant attributes are wrapped by Surface
-function wrap_surfaces(plotattributes::KW)
-    if haskey(plotattributes, :fill_z)
-        v = plotattributes[:fill_z]
+function wrap_surfaces(d::KW)
+    if haskey(d, :fill_z)
+        v = d[:fill_z]
        if !isa(v, Surface)
-            plotattributes[:fill_z] = Surface(v)
+            d[:fill_z] = Surface(v)
        end
    end
 end
@@ -323,26 +316,19 @@ end


 # # images - grays
-function clamp_greys!(mat::AMat{T}) where T<:Gray
-    for i in eachindex(mat)
-        mat[i].val < 0 && (mat[i] = Gray(0))
-        mat[i].val > 1 && (mat[i] = Gray(1))
-    end
-    mat
-end

@recipe function f(mat::AMat{T}) where T<:Gray
    n, m = size(mat)
    if is_seriestype_supported(:image)
        seriestype := :image
        yflip --> true
-        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Surface(clamp_greys!(mat))
+        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Surface(mat)
    else
        seriestype := :heatmap
        yflip --> true
        cbar --> false
        fillcolor --> ColorGradient([:black, :white])
-        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Surface(clamp!(convert(Matrix{Float64}, mat), 0., 1.))
+        SliceIt, 1:m, 1:n, Surface(convert(Matrix{Float64}, mat))
    end
 end

@@ -393,9 +379,8 @@ end
    xmin, xmax = try
        axis_limits(plt[1][:xaxis])
    catch
-        xinv = invscalefunc(get(plotattributes, :xscale, :identity))
-        xm = tryrange(f, xinv.([-5,-1,0,0.01]))
-        xm, tryrange(f, filter(x->x>xm, xinv.([5,1,0.99, 0, -0.01])))
+        xm = tryrange(f, [-5,-1,0,0.01])
+        xm, tryrange(f, filter(x->x>xm, [5,1,0.99, 0, -0.01]))
    end

    f, xmin, xmax
@@ -443,17 +428,17 @@ end
 # # 3d line or scatter

@recipe function f(x::AVec, y::AVec, z::AVec)
-    # st = get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :none)
+    # st = get(d, :seriestype, :none)
    # if st == :scatter
-    #     plotattributes[:seriestype] = :scatter3d
+    #     d[:seriestype] = :scatter3d
    # elseif !is3d(st)
-    #     plotattributes[:seriestype] = :path3d
+    #     d[:seriestype] = :path3d
    # end
    SliceIt, x, y, z
 end

@recipe function f(x::AMat, y::AMat, z::AMat)
-    # st = get(plotattributes, :seriestype, :none)
+    # st = get(d, :seriestype, :none)
    # if size(x) == size(y) == size(z)
    #     if !is3d(st)
    #         seriestype := :path3d
@@ -525,22 +510,15 @@ end
 #
 # # special handling... xmin/xmax with parametric function(s)
@recipe function f(f::Function, xmin::Number, xmax::Number)
-    xscale, yscale = [get(plotattributes, sym, :identity) for sym=(:xscale,:yscale)]
-    xs = _scaled_adapted_grid(f, xscale, yscale, xmin, xmax)
+    xs = adapted_grid(f, (xmin, xmax))
    xs, f
 end
@recipe function f(fs::AbstractArray{F}, xmin::Number, xmax::Number) where F<:Function
-    xscale, yscale = [get(plotattributes, sym, :identity) for sym=(:xscale,:yscale)]
-    xs = Any[_scaled_adapted_grid(f, xscale, yscale, xmin, xmax) for f in fs]
+    xs = Any[adapted_grid(f, (xmin, xmax)) for f in fs]
    xs, fs
 end
@recipe f(fx::FuncOrFuncs{F}, fy::FuncOrFuncs{G}, u::AVec) where {F<:Function,G<:Function}  = mapFuncOrFuncs(fx, u), mapFuncOrFuncs(fy, u)
-@recipe f(fx::FuncOrFuncs{F}, fy::FuncOrFuncs{G}, umin::Number, umax::Number, n = 200) where {F<:Function,G<:Function} = fx, fy, range(umin, stop = umax, length = n)
-
-function _scaled_adapted_grid(f, xscale, yscale, xmin, xmax)
-    (xf, xinv), (yf, yinv) =  ((scalefunc(s),invscalefunc(s)) for s in (xscale,yscale))
-    xinv.(adapted_grid(yf∘f∘xinv, xf.((xmin, xmax))))
-end
+@recipe f(fx::FuncOrFuncs{F}, fy::FuncOrFuncs{G}, umin::Number, umax::Number, n = 200) where {F<:Function,G<:Function} = fx, fy, linspace(umin, umax, n)

 #
 # # special handling... 3D parametric function(s)
@@ -548,13 +526,13 @@ end
    mapFuncOrFuncs(fx, u), mapFuncOrFuncs(fy, u), mapFuncOrFuncs(fz, u)
 end
@recipe function f(fx::FuncOrFuncs{F}, fy::FuncOrFuncs{G}, fz::FuncOrFuncs{H}, umin::Number, umax::Number, numPoints = 200) where {F<:Function,G<:Function,H<:Function}
-    fx, fy, fz, range(umin, stop = umax, length = numPoints)
+    fx, fy, fz, linspace(umin, umax, numPoints)
 end

 #
 #
 # # --------------------------------------------------------------------
-# # Lists of tuples and StaticArrays
+# # Lists of tuples and FixedSizeArrays
 # # --------------------------------------------------------------------
 #
 # # if we get an unhandled tuple, just splat it in
@@ -576,14 +554,14 @@ end


 #
-# # 2D StaticArrays
-@recipe f(xy::AVec{StaticArrays.SVector{2,T}}) where {T<:Number} = unzip(xy)
-@recipe f(xy::StaticArrays.SVector{2,T}) where {T<:Number}       = [xy[1]], [xy[2]]
+# # 2D FixedSizeArrays
+@recipe f(xy::AVec{FixedSizeArrays.Vec{2,T}}) where {T<:Number} = unzip(xy)
+@recipe f(xy::FixedSizeArrays.Vec{2,T}) where {T<:Number}       = [xy[1]], [xy[2]]

 #
-# # 3D StaticArrays
-@recipe f(xyz::AVec{StaticArrays.SVector{3,T}}) where {T<:Number} = unzip(xyz)
-@recipe f(xyz::StaticArrays.SVector{3,T}) where {T<:Number}       = [xyz[1]], [xyz[2]], [xyz[3]]
+# # 3D FixedSizeArrays
+@recipe f(xyz::AVec{FixedSizeArrays.Vec{3,T}}) where {T<:Number} = unzip(xyz)
+@recipe f(xyz::FixedSizeArrays.Vec{3,T}) where {T<:Number}       = [xyz[1]], [xyz[2]], [xyz[3]]

 #
 # # --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -595,7 +573,7 @@ end
 #         # create a new series, with the label of the group, and an idxfilter (to be applied in slice_and_dice)
 #         # TODO: use @series instead
 #         @show i, glab, groupby.groupIds[i]
-#         di = copy(plotattributes)
+#         di = copy(d)
 #         get!(di, :label, string(glab))
 #         get!(di, :idxfilter, groupby.groupIds[i])
 #         push!(series_list, RecipeData(di, args))
@@ -616,12 +594,12 @@ function split_kw(key, val::SeriesAnnotations, indices)
 end

 function groupedvec2mat(x_ind, x, y::AbstractArray, groupby, def_val = y[1])
-    y_mat = Array{promote_type(eltype(y), typeof(def_val))}(undef, length(keys(x_ind)), length(groupby.groupLabels))
+    y_mat = Array{promote_type(eltype(y), typeof(def_val))}(length(keys(x_ind)), length(groupby.groupLabels))
    fill!(y_mat, def_val)
    for i in 1:length(groupby.groupLabels)
        xi = x[groupby.groupIds[i]]
        yi = y[groupby.groupIds[i]]
-        y_mat[getindex.(Ref(x_ind), xi), i] = yi
+        y_mat[getindex.(x_ind, xi), i] = yi
    end
    return y_mat
 end
@@ -658,7 +636,7 @@ group_as_matrix(t) = false
            x = g.args[1]
            last_args = g.args[2:end]
        end
-        x_u = unique(sort(x))
+        x_u = unique(x)
        x_ind = Dict(zip(x_u, 1:length(x_u)))
        for (key,val) in plotattributes
            if splittable_kw(key, val, lengthGroup)
@@ -1,455 +0,0 @@
-"""
-    scatter(x,y)
-    scatter!(x,y)
-
-Make a scatter plot of y vs x. 
-
-# Examples
-```julia-repl 
-julia> scatter([1,2,3],[4,5,6],markersize=[3,4,5],markercolor=[:red,:green,:blue])
-julia> scatter([(1,4),(2,5),(3,6)])
-```
-"""
-@shorthands scatter
-
-"""
-    bar(x,y)
-    bar!(x,y)
-
-Make a bar plot of y vs x. 
-
-# Arguments 
-
- $(_document_argument("bar_position"))
- $(_document_argument("bar_width"))
- $(_document_argument("bar_edges"))
- $(_document_argument("orientation"))
-
-# Examples
-```julia-repl 
-julia> bar([1,2,3],[4,5,6],fillcolor=[:red,:green,:blue],fillalpha=[0.2,0.4,0.6])
-julia> bar([(1,4),(2,5),(3,6)])
-```
-"""
-@shorthands bar
-
-@shorthands barh
-
-"""
-    histogram(x)
-    histogram!(x)
-
-Plot a histogram.
-
-# Arguments 
-
- `x`: AbstractVector of values to be binned
- $(_document_argument("bins"))
- `weights`: Vector of weights for the values in `x`, for weighted bin counts
- $(_document_argument("normalize"))
- $(_document_argument("bar_position"))
- $(_document_argument("bar_width"))
- $(_document_argument("bar_edges"))
- $(_document_argument("orientation"))
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> histogram([1,2,1,1,4,3,8],bins=0:8)
-```
-"""
-@shorthands histogram
-
-"""
-    barhist(x)
-    barhist!(x)
-
-Make a histogram bar plot. See `histogram`. 
-"""
-@shorthands barhist
-
-"""
-    stephist(x)
-    stephist(x)
-
-Make a histogram step plot (bin counts are represented using horizontal lines
-instead of bars). See `histogram`. 
-"""
-@shorthands stephist
-
-"""
-    scatterhist(x)
-    scatterhist!(x)
-
-Make a histogram scatter plot (bin counts are represented using points 
-instead of bars). See `histogram`. 
-"""
-@shorthands scatterhist
-
-"""
-    histogram2d(x,y)
-    histogram2d!(x,y)
-
-Plot a two-dimensional histogram.
-
-# Arguments 
-
- `bins`: Number of bins (if an `Integer`) or bin edges (if an `AbtractVector`) 
- `weights`: Vector of weights for the values in `x`. Each entry of x contributes 
-             its weight to the height of its bin. 
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> histogram2d(randn(10_000),randn(10_000))
-```
-"""
-@shorthands histogram2d
-
-"""
-    density(x)
-    density!(x)
-
-Make a line plot of a kernel density estimate of x. 
-
-# Arguments
-
- `x`: AbstractVector of samples for probability density estimation 
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> using StatsPlots
-julia> density(randn(100_000))
-```
-"""
-@shorthands density
-
-"""
-    heatmap(x,y,z)
-    heatmap!(x,y,z)
-
-Plot a heatmap of the rectangular array `z`. 
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> heatmap(randn(10,10))
-```
-"""
-@shorthands heatmap
-@shorthands plots_heatmap
-
-"""
-    hexbin(x,y)
-    hexbin!(x,y)
-
-Make a hexagonal binning plot (a histogram of the observations `(x[i],y[i])` 
-with hexagonal bins)
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl
-julia> hexbin(randn(10_000), randn(10_000))
-```
-"""
-@shorthands hexbin
-
-"""
-    sticks(x,y)
-    sticks!(x,y)
-
-Draw a stick plot of y vs x. 
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl
-julia> sticks(1:10) 
-```
-"""
-@shorthands sticks
-
-"""
-    hline(y)
-    hline!(y)
-
-Draw horizontal lines at positions specified by the values in 
-the AbstractVector `y`
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> hline([-1,0,2])
-```
-"""
-@shorthands hline
-
-"""
-    vline(x)
-    vline!(x)
-
-Draw vertical lines at positions specified by the values in 
-the AbstractVector `x`
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> vline([-1,0,2])
-```
-"""
-@shorthands vline
-
-"""
-    hspan(y)
-
-Draw a rectangle between the horizontal line at position `y[1]` 
-and the horizontal line at position `y[2]`. If `length(y) ≥ 4`, 
-then further rectangles are drawn between `y[3]` and `y[4]`, 
-`y[5]` and `y[6]`, and so on. If `length(y)` is odd, then the 
-last entry of `y` is ignored. 
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> hspan(1:6)
-```
-"""
-@shorthands hspan
-
-"""
-    vspan(x)
-
-Draw a rectangle between the vertical line at position `x[1]` 
-and the vertical line at position `x[2]`. If `length(x) ≥ 4`, 
-then further rectangles are drawn between `x[3]` and `x[4]`, 
-`x[5]` and `x[6]`, and so on. If `length(x)` is odd, then the 
-last entry of `x` is ignored. 
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> vspan(1:6)
-```
-"""
-@shorthands vspan
-
-"""
-    ohlc(x,y::Vector{OHLC})
-    ohlc!(x,y::Vector{OHLC})
-
-Make open-high-low-close plot. Each entry of y is represented by a vertical 
-segment extending from the low value to the high value, with short horizontal 
-segments on the left and right indicating the open and close values, respectively. 
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl
-julia> meanprices = cumsum(randn(100))
-julia> y = OHLC[(p+rand(),p+1,p-1,p+rand()) for p in meanprices]
-julia> ohlc(y)
-```
-"""
-@shorthands ohlc
-
-
-"""
-    contour(x,y,z) 
-    contour!(x,y,z) 
-
-Draw contour lines of the `Surface` z. 
-
-# Arguments
- `levels`: Contour levels (if `AbstractVector`) or number of levels (if `Integer`)
- `fill`: Bool. Fill area between contours or draw contours only (false by default)
-
-# Example 
-```julia-repl
-julia> x = y = range(-20, 20, length = 100)
-julia> contour(x, y, (x, y) -> x^2 + y^2)
-```
-"""
-@shorthands contour
-
-"An alias for `contour` with fill = true."
-@shorthands contourf
-
-
-@shorthands contour3d
-
-"""
-    surface(x,y,z)
-    surface!(x,y,z)
-
-Draw a 3D surface plot. 
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> x = y = range(-3, 3, length = 100)
-julia> surface(x, y, (x, y) -> sinc(norm([x, y])))
-```
-"""
-@shorthands surface
-
-"""
-    wireframe(x,y,z)
-    wireframe!(x,y,z)
-
-Draw a 3D wireframe plot. 
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> wireframe(1:10,1:10,randn(10,10))
-```
-"""
-@shorthands wireframe
-
-"""
-    path3d(x,y,z)
-    path3d!(x,y,z)
-
-Plot a 3D path from `(x[1],y[1],z[1])` to `(x[2],y[2],z[2])`,
-..., to `(x[end],y[end],z[end])`. 
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> path3d([0,1,2,3],[0,1,4,9],[0,1,8,27])
-```
-"""
-@shorthands path3d
-
-"""
-    scatter3d(x,y,z)
-    scatter3d!(x,y,z)
-
-Make a 3D scatter plot. 
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> scatter3d([0,1,2,3],[0,1,4,9],[0,1,8,27])
-```
-"""
-@shorthands scatter3d
-
-"""
-    boxplot(x, y)
-    boxplot!(x, y)
-
-Make a box and whisker plot. 
-
-# Keyword arguments
- `notch`: Bool. Notch the box plot? (false)
- `range`: Real. Values more than range*IQR below the first quartile
-           or above the third quartile are shown as outliers (1.5) 
- `outliers`: Bool. Show outliers? (true) 
- `whisker_width`: Real or Symbol. Length of whiskers (:match) 
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> using StatsPlots
-julia> boxplot(repeat([1,2,3],outer=100),randn(300))
-```
-"""
-@shorthands boxplot
-
-"""
-    violin(x,y,z)
-    violin!(x,y,z)
-
-Make a violin plot. 
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> violin(repeat([1,2,3],outer=100),randn(300))
-```
-"""
-@shorthands violin
-
-"""
-    quiver(x,y,quiver=(u,v))
-    quiver!(x,y,quiver=(u,v))
-
-Make a quiver (vector field) plot. The `i`th vector extends 
-from `(x[i],y[i])` to `(x[i] + u[i], y[i] + v[i])`. 
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> quiver([1,2,3],[3,2,1],quiver=([1,1,1],[1,2,3]))
-```
-"""
-@shorthands quiver
-
-"""
-    curves(x,y)
-    curves!(x,y)
-
-Draw a Bezier curve from `(x[1],y[1])` to `(x[end],y[end])` 
-with control points `(x[2],y[2]), ..., (x[end-1],y[end]-1)`
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl 
-julia> curves([1,2,3,4],[1,1,2,4])
-```
-"""
-@shorthands curves
-
-"Plot a pie diagram"
-pie(args...; kw...)        = plot(args...; kw...,  seriestype = :pie, aspect_ratio = :equal, grid=false, xticks=nothing, yticks=nothing)
-pie!(args...; kw...)       = plot!(args...; kw..., seriestype = :pie, aspect_ratio = :equal, grid=false, xticks=nothing, yticks=nothing)
-
-"Plot with seriestype :path3d"
-plot3d(args...; kw...)     = plot(args...; kw...,  seriestype = :path3d)
-plot3d!(args...; kw...)    = plot!(args...; kw..., seriestype = :path3d)
-
-"Add title to an existing plot"
-title!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                 = plot!(; title = s, kw...)
-
-"Add xlabel to an existing plot"
-xlabel!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                = plot!(; xlabel = s, kw...)
-
-"Add ylabel to an existing plot"
-ylabel!(s::AbstractString; kw...)                = plot!(; ylabel = s, kw...)
-
-"Set xlims for an existing plot"
-xlims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; xlims = lims, kw...)
-
-"Set ylims for an existing plot"
-ylims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; ylims = lims, kw...)
-
-"Set zlims for an existing plot"
-zlims!(lims::Tuple{T,S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:Real} = plot!(; zlims = lims, kw...)
-
-xlims!(xmin::Real, xmax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; xlims = (xmin,xmax), kw...)
-ylims!(ymin::Real, ymax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; ylims = (ymin,ymax), kw...)
-zlims!(zmin::Real, zmax::Real; kw...)                     = plot!(; zlims = (zmin,zmax), kw...)
-
-
-"Set xticks for an existing plot"
-xticks!(v::TicksArgs; kw...) where {T<:Real}                       = plot!(; xticks = v, kw...)
-
-"Set yticks for an existing plot"
-yticks!(v::TicksArgs; kw...) where {T<:Real}                       = plot!(; yticks = v, kw...)
-
-xticks!(
-ticks::AVec{T}, labels::AVec{S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:AbstractString}     = plot!(; xticks = (ticks,labels), kw...)
-yticks!(
-ticks::AVec{T}, labels::AVec{S}; kw...) where {T<:Real,S<:AbstractString}     = plot!(; yticks = (ticks,labels), kw...)
-
-"""
-    annotate!(anns...)
-
-Add annotations to an existing plot. 
-
-# Arguments 
-
- `anns`: An `AbstractVector` of tuples of the form (x,y,text). The text object
-          can be an String or PlotText
-
-# Example
-```julia-repl
-julia> plot(1:10)
-julia> annotate!([(7,3,"(7,3)"),(3,7,text("hey", 14, :left, :top, :green))])
-```
-"""
-annotate!(anns...; kw...)                                        = plot!(; annotation = anns, kw...)
-annotate!(anns::AVec{T}; kw...) where {T<:Tuple}                 = plot!(; annotation = anns, kw...)
-
-"Flip the current plots' x axis"
-xflip!(flip::Bool = true; kw...)                          = plot!(; xflip = flip, kw...)
-
-"Flip the current plots' y axis"
-yflip!(flip::Bool = true; kw...)                          = plot!(; yflip = flip, kw...)
-
-"Specify x axis attributes for an existing plot"
-xaxis!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; xaxis = args, kw...)
-
-"Specify x axis attributes for an existing plot"
-yaxis!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; yaxis = args, kw...)
-xgrid!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; xgrid = args, kw...)
-ygrid!(args...; kw...)                                    = plot!(; ygrid = args, kw...)
@@ -34,16 +34,16 @@ bottompad(sp::Subplot) = sp.minpad[4]
 get_subplot(plt::Plot, sp::Subplot) = sp
 get_subplot(plt::Plot, i::Integer) = plt.subplots[i]
 get_subplot(plt::Plot, k) = plt.spmap[k]
-get_subplot(series::Series) = series.plotattributes[:subplot]
+get_subplot(series::Series) = series.d[:subplot]

 get_subplot_index(plt::Plot, idx::Integer) = Int(idx)
 get_subplot_index(plt::Plot, sp::Subplot) = findfirst(x -> x === sp, plt.subplots)

-series_list(sp::Subplot) = sp.series_list # filter(series -> series.plotattributes[:subplot] === sp, sp.plt.series_list)
+series_list(sp::Subplot) = sp.series_list # filter(series -> series.d[:subplot] === sp, sp.plt.series_list)

 function should_add_to_legend(series::Series)
-    series.plotattributes[:primary] && series.plotattributes[:label] != "" &&
-        !(series.plotattributes[:seriestype] in (
+    series.d[:primary] && series.d[:label] != "" &&
+        !(series.d[:seriestype] in (
            :hexbin,:bins2d,:histogram2d,:hline,:vline,
            :contour,:contourf,:contour3d,:surface,:wireframe,
            :heatmap, :pie, :image
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ end

 function _get_defaults(s::Symbol)
    thm = PlotThemes._themes[s]
-    if :defaults in fieldnames(typeof(thm))
+    if :defaults in fieldnames(thm)
        return thm.defaults
    else # old PlotTheme type
        defaults = KW(
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ _get_showtheme_args(thm::Symbol, func::Symbol) = thm, get(_color_functions, func
        end
    end

-    Random.seed!(1)
+    srand(1)

    label := ""
    colorbar := false
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ _get_showtheme_args(thm::Symbol, func::Symbol) = thm, get(_color_functions, func

    f(r) = sin(r) / r
    _norm(x, y) = norm([x, y])
-    x = y = range(-3π, stop = 3π, length = 30)
+    x = y = linspace(-3π, 3π, 30)
    z = f.(_norm.(x, y'))
    wi = 2:3:30

@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ _get_showtheme_args(thm::Symbol, func::Symbol) = thm, get(_color_functions, func
    end

    n = 100
-    ts = range(0, stop = 10π, length = n)
+    ts = linspace(0, 10π, n)
    x = ts .* cos.(ts)
    y = (0.1ts) .* sin.(ts)
    z = 1:n
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 const AVec = AbstractVector
 const AMat = AbstractMatrix
 const KW = Dict{Symbol,Any}
-const TicksArgs = Union{AVec{T}, Tuple{AVec{T}, AVec{S}}, Symbol} where {T<:Real, S<:AbstractString}

 struct PlotsDisplay <: AbstractDisplay end

@@ -21,11 +20,11 @@ Base.isempty(wrapper::InputWrapper) = false
 # -----------------------------------------------------------

 mutable struct Series
-    plotattributes::KW
+    d::KW
 end

-attr(series::Series, k::Symbol) = series.plotattributes[k]
-attr!(series::Series, v, k::Symbol) = (series.plotattributes[k] = v)
+attr(series::Series, k::Symbol) = series.d[k]
+attr!(series::Series, v, k::Symbol) = (series.d[k] = v)

 # -----------------------------------------------------------

@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ Base.show(io::IO, sp::Subplot) = print(io, "Subplot{$(sp[:subplot_index])}")
 # simple wrapper around a KW so we can hold all attributes pertaining to the axis in one place
 mutable struct Axis
    sps::Vector{Subplot}
-    plotattributes::KW
+    d::KW
 end

 mutable struct Extrema
@@ -88,7 +87,7 @@ end

 Base.getindex(plt::Plot, i::Integer) = plt.subplots[i]
 Base.length(plt::Plot) = length(plt.subplots)
-Base.lastindex(plt::Plot) = length(plt)
+Base.endof(plt::Plot) = length(plt)

 Base.getindex(plt::Plot, r::Integer, c::Integer) = plt.layout[r,c]
 Base.size(plt::Plot) = size(plt.layout)
@@ -99,6 +98,6 @@ Base.ndims(plt::Plot) = 2
 # attr!(plt::Plot, v, k::Symbol) = (plt.attr[k] = v)

 Base.getindex(sp::Subplot, i::Integer) = series_list(sp)[i]
-Base.lastindex(sp::Subplot) = length(series_list(sp))
+Base.endof(sp::Subplot) = length(series_list(sp))

 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -19,15 +19,15 @@ A hacky replacement for a histogram when the backend doesn't support histograms
 Convert it into a bar chart with the appropriate x/y values.
 """
 function histogramHack(; kw...)
-  plotattributes = KW(kw)
+  d = KW(kw)

  # we assume that the y kwarg is set with the data to be binned, and nbins is also defined
-  edges, midpoints, buckets, counts = binData(plotattributes[:y], plotattributes[:bins])
-  plotattributes[:x] = midpoints
-  plotattributes[:y] = float(counts)
-  plotattributes[:seriestype] = :bar
-  plotattributes[:fillrange] = plotattributes[:fillrange] == nothing ? 0.0 : plotattributes[:fillrange]
-  plotattributes
+  edges, midpoints, buckets, counts = binData(d[:y], d[:bins])
+  d[:x] = midpoints
+  d[:y] = float(counts)
+  d[:seriestype] = :bar
+  d[:fillrange] = d[:fillrange] == nothing ? 0.0 : d[:fillrange]
+  d
 end

 """
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ A hacky replacement for a bar graph when the backend doesn't support bars direct
 Convert it into a line chart with fillrange set.
 """
 function barHack(; kw...)
-  plotattributes = KW(kw)
-  midpoints = plotattributes[:x]
-  heights = plotattributes[:y]
-  fillrange = plotattributes[:fillrange] == nothing ? 0.0 : plotattributes[:fillrange]
+  d = KW(kw)
+  midpoints = d[:x]
+  heights = d[:y]
+  fillrange = d[:fillrange] == nothing ? 0.0 : d[:fillrange]

  # estimate the edges
  dists = diff(midpoints) * 0.5
@@ -62,11 +62,11 @@ function barHack(; kw...)
    append!(y, [fillrange, heights[i], heights[i], fillrange])
  end

-  plotattributes[:x] = x
-  plotattributes[:y] = y
-  plotattributes[:seriestype] = :path
-  plotattributes[:fillrange] = fillrange
-  plotattributes
+  d[:x] = x
+  d[:y] = y
+  d[:seriestype] = :path
+  d[:fillrange] = fillrange
+  d
 end


@@ -75,33 +75,33 @@ A hacky replacement for a sticks graph when the backend doesn't support sticks d
 Convert it into a line chart that traces the sticks, and a scatter that sets markers at the points.
 """
 function sticksHack(; kw...)
-  plotattributesLine = KW(kw)
-  plotattributesScatter = copy(plotattributesLine)
+  dLine = KW(kw)
+  dScatter = copy(dLine)

  # these are the line vertices
  x = Float64[]
  y = Float64[]
-  fillrange = plotattributesLine[:fillrange] == nothing ? 0.0 : plotattributesLine[:fillrange]
+  fillrange = dLine[:fillrange] == nothing ? 0.0 : dLine[:fillrange]

  # calculate the vertices
-  yScatter = plotattributesScatter[:y]
-  for (i,xi) in enumerate(plotattributesScatter[:x])
+  yScatter = dScatter[:y]
+  for (i,xi) in enumerate(dScatter[:x])
    yi = yScatter[i]
    for j in 1:3 push!(x, xi) end
    append!(y, [fillrange, yScatter[i], fillrange])
  end

  # change the line args
-  plotattributesLine[:x] = x
-  plotattributesLine[:y] = y
-  plotattributesLine[:seriestype] = :path
-  plotattributesLine[:markershape] = :none
-  plotattributesLine[:fillrange] = nothing
+  dLine[:x] = x
+  dLine[:y] = y
+  dLine[:seriestype] = :path
+  dLine[:markershape] = :none
+  dLine[:fillrange] = nothing

  # change the scatter args
-  plotattributesScatter[:seriestype] = :none
+  dScatter[:seriestype] = :none

-  plotattributesLine, plotattributesScatter
+  dLine, dScatter
 end

 function regressionXY(x, y)
@@ -130,10 +130,10 @@ function replace_image_with_heatmap(z::Array{T}) where T<:Colorant
    # newz, ColorGradient(colors)
 end

-function imageHack(plotattributes::KW)
+function imageHack(d::KW)
    is_seriestype_supported(:heatmap) || error("Neither :image or :heatmap are supported!")
-    plotattributes[:seriestype] = :heatmap
-    plotattributes[:z], plotattributes[:fillcolor] = replace_image_with_heatmap(plotattributes[:z].surf)
+    d[:seriestype] = :heatmap
+    d[:z], d[:fillcolor] = replace_image_with_heatmap(d[:z].surf)
 end
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------

@@ -215,12 +215,15 @@ anynan(i::Int, args::Tuple) = any(a -> try isnan(_cycle(a,i)) catch MethodError
 anynan(istart::Int, iend::Int, args::Tuple) = any(i -> anynan(i, args), istart:iend)
 allnan(istart::Int, iend::Int, args::Tuple) = all(i -> anynan(i, args), istart:iend)

-function Base.iterate(itr::SegmentsIterator, nextidx::Int = 1)
-    nextidx > itr.n && return nothing
-    if nextidx == 1 && !any(isempty,itr.args) && anynan(1, itr.args)
-        nextidx = 2
+function Base.start(itr::SegmentsIterator)
+    nextidx = 1
+    if !any(isempty,itr.args) && anynan(1, itr.args)
+        _, nextidx = next(itr, 1)
    end
-
+    nextidx
+end
+Base.done(itr::SegmentsIterator, nextidx::Int) = nextidx > itr.n
+function Base.next(itr::SegmentsIterator, nextidx::Int)
    i = istart = iend = nextidx

    # find the next NaN, and iend is the one before
@@ -287,14 +290,14 @@ unzip(xy::AVec{Tuple{X,Y}}) where {X,Y}              = [t[1] for t in xy], [t[2]
 unzip(xyz::AVec{Tuple{X,Y,Z}}) where {X,Y,Z}         = [t[1] for t in xyz], [t[2] for t in xyz], [t[3] for t in xyz]
 unzip(xyuv::AVec{Tuple{X,Y,U,V}}) where {X,Y,U,V}    = [t[1] for t in xyuv], [t[2] for t in xyuv], [t[3] for t in xyuv], [t[4] for t in xyuv]

-unzip(xy::AVec{StaticArrays.SVector{2,T}}) where {T}  = T[t[1] for t in xy], T[t[2] for t in xy]
-unzip(xy::StaticArrays.SVector{2,T}) where {T}        = T[xy[1]], T[xy[2]]
+unzip(xy::AVec{FixedSizeArrays.Vec{2,T}}) where {T}  = T[t[1] for t in xy], T[t[2] for t in xy]
+unzip(xy::FixedSizeArrays.Vec{2,T}) where {T}        = T[xy[1]], T[xy[2]]

-unzip(xyz::AVec{StaticArrays.SVector{3,T}}) where {T} = T[t[1] for t in xyz], T[t[2] for t in xyz], T[t[3] for t in xyz]
-unzip(xyz::StaticArrays.SVector{3,T}) where {T}       = T[xyz[1]], T[xyz[2]], T[xyz[3]]
+unzip(xyz::AVec{FixedSizeArrays.Vec{3,T}}) where {T} = T[t[1] for t in xyz], T[t[2] for t in xyz], T[t[3] for t in xyz]
+unzip(xyz::FixedSizeArrays.Vec{3,T}) where {T}       = T[xyz[1]], T[xyz[2]], T[xyz[3]]

-unzip(xyuv::AVec{StaticArrays.SVector{4,T}}) where {T} = T[t[1] for t in xyuv], T[t[2] for t in xyuv], T[t[3] for t in xyuv], T[t[4] for t in xyuv]
-unzip(xyuv::StaticArrays.SVector{4,T}) where {T}       = T[xyuv[1]], T[xyuv[2]], T[xyuv[3]], T[xyuv[4]]
+unzip(xyuv::AVec{FixedSizeArrays.Vec{4,T}}) where {T} = T[t[1] for t in xyuv], T[t[2] for t in xyuv], T[t[3] for t in xyuv], T[t[4] for t in xyuv]
+unzip(xyuv::FixedSizeArrays.Vec{4,T}) where {T}       = T[xyuv[1]], T[xyuv[2]], T[xyuv[3]], T[xyuv[4]]

 # given 2-element lims and a vector of data x, widen lims to account for the extrema of x
 function _expand_limits(lims, x)
@@ -303,7 +306,7 @@ function _expand_limits(lims, x)
    lims[1] = NaNMath.min(lims[1], e1)
    lims[2] = NaNMath.max(lims[2], e2)
  # catch err
-  #   @warn(err)
+  #   warn(err)
  catch
  end
  nothing
@@ -328,16 +331,16 @@ function replaceType(vec, val)
  push!(vec, val)
 end

-function replaceAlias!(plotattributes::KW, k::Symbol, aliases::Dict{Symbol,Symbol})
+function replaceAlias!(d::KW, k::Symbol, aliases::Dict{Symbol,Symbol})
  if haskey(aliases, k)
-    plotattributes[aliases[k]] = pop!(plotattributes, k)
+    d[aliases[k]] = pop!(d, k)
  end
 end

-function replaceAliases!(plotattributes::KW, aliases::Dict{Symbol,Symbol})
-  ks = collect(keys(plotattributes))
+function replaceAliases!(d::KW, aliases::Dict{Symbol,Symbol})
+  ks = collect(keys(d))
  for k in ks
-      replaceAlias!(plotattributes, k, aliases)
+      replaceAlias!(d, k, aliases)
  end
 end

@@ -347,7 +350,7 @@ Base.first(c::Colorant) = c
 Base.first(x::Symbol) = x


-sortedkeys(plotattributes::Dict) = sort(collect(keys(plotattributes)))
+sortedkeys(d::Dict) = sort(collect(keys(d)))


 const _scale_base = Dict{Symbol, Real}(
@@ -357,7 +360,6 @@ const _scale_base = Dict{Symbol, Real}(
 )

 function _heatmap_edges(v::AVec)
-  length(v) == 1 && return v[1] .+ [-0.5, 0.5]
  vmin, vmax = ignorenan_extrema(v)
  extra_min = (v[2] - v[1]) / 2
  extra_max = (v[end] - v[end - 1]) / 2
@@ -410,8 +412,16 @@ function fakedata(sz...)
  y
 end

-isijulia() = :IJulia in nameof.(collect(values(Base.loaded_modules)))
-isatom() = :Atom in nameof.(collect(values(Base.loaded_modules)))
+isijulia() = isdefined(Main, :IJulia) && Main.IJulia.inited
+isatom() = isdefined(Main, :Atom) && Main.Atom.isconnected()
+
+function is_installed(pkgstr::AbstractString)
+    try
+        Pkg.installed(pkgstr) === nothing ? false : true
+    catch
+        false
+    end
+end

 istuple(::Tuple) = true
 istuple(::Any)   = false
@@ -425,13 +435,13 @@ isscalar(::Any)  = false
 is_2tuple(v) = typeof(v) <: Tuple && length(v) == 2


-isvertical(plotattributes::KW) = get(plotattributes, :orientation, :vertical) in (:vertical, :v, :vert)
-isvertical(series::Series) = isvertical(series.plotattributes)
+isvertical(d::KW) = get(d, :orientation, :vertical) in (:vertical, :v, :vert)
+isvertical(series::Series) = isvertical(series.d)


 ticksType(ticks::AVec{T}) where {T<:Real}                      = :ticks
 ticksType(ticks::AVec{T}) where {T<:AbstractString}            = :labels
-ticksType(ticks::Tuple{T,S}) where {T<:Union{AVec,Tuple},S<:Union{AVec,Tuple}} = :ticks_and_labels
+ticksType(ticks::Tuple{T,S}) where {T<:AVec,S<:AVec}  = :ticks_and_labels
 ticksType(ticks)                                        = :invalid

 limsType(lims::Tuple{T,S}) where {T<:Real,S<:Real}    = :limits
@@ -485,8 +495,8 @@ end
 # this is a helper function to determine whether we need to transpose a surface matrix.
 # it depends on whether the backend matches rows to x (transpose_on_match == true) or vice versa
 # for example: PyPlot sends rows to y, so transpose_on_match should be true
-function transpose_z(plotattributes, z, transpose_on_match::Bool = true)
-    if plotattributes[:match_dimensions] == transpose_on_match
+function transpose_z(d, z, transpose_on_match::Bool = true)
+    if d[:match_dimensions] == transpose_on_match
        # z'
        permutedims(z, [2,1])
    else
@@ -610,56 +620,20 @@ function hascolorbar(sp::Subplot)
    hascbar
 end

-function colorbar_levels(series::Series, clims)
-    if series[:seriestype] == :contour
-        zmin, zmax = clims
-        levels = series[:levels]
-        levels isa AbstractArray ?
-            levels :
-            levels > 1 ?
-                range(zmin, stop=zmax, length=levels) : 
-                [(zmin + zmax) / 2]
-    else # including heatmap, surface
-        nothing
+function get_linecolor(series, i::Int = 1)
+    lc = series[:linecolor]
+    lz = series[:line_z]
+    if lz == nothing
+        isa(lc, ColorGradient) ? lc : plot_color(_cycle(lc, i))
+    else
+        cmin, cmax = get_clims(series[:subplot])
+        grad = isa(lc, ColorGradient) ? lc : cgrad()
+        grad[clamp((_cycle(lz, i) - cmin) / (cmax - cmin), 0, 1)]
    end
 end

-  
-
-for comp in (:line, :fill, :marker)
-
-    compcolor = string(comp, :color)
-    get_compcolor = Symbol(:get_, compcolor)
-    comp_z = string(comp, :_z)
-
-    compalpha = string(comp, :alpha)
-    get_compalpha = Symbol(:get_, compalpha)
-
-    @eval begin
-
-        function $get_compcolor(series, cmin::Real, cmax::Real, i::Int = 1)
-            c = series[$Symbol($compcolor)]
-            z = series[$Symbol($comp_z)]
-            if z == nothing
-                isa(c, ColorGradient) ? c : plot_color(_cycle(c, i))
-            else
-                grad = isa(c, ColorGradient) ? c : cgrad()
-                grad[clamp((_cycle(z, i) - cmin) / (cmax - cmin), 0, 1)]
-            end
-        end
-
-        $get_compcolor(series, clims, i::Int = 1) = $get_compcolor(series, clims[1], clims[2], i)
-
-        function $get_compcolor(series, i::Int = 1)
-            if series[$Symbol($comp_z)] == nothing
-                $get_compcolor(series, 0, 1, i)
-            else
-                $get_compcolor(series, get_clims(series[:subplot]), i)
-            end
-        end
-
-        $get_compalpha(series, i::Int = 1) = _cycle(series[$Symbol($compalpha)], i)
-    end
+function get_linealpha(series, i::Int = 1)
+    _cycle(series[:linealpha], i)
 end

 function get_linewidth(series, i::Int = 1)
@@ -670,6 +644,38 @@ function get_linestyle(series, i::Int = 1)
    _cycle(series[:linestyle], i)
 end

+function get_fillcolor(series, i::Int = 1)
+    fc = series[:fillcolor]
+    fz = series[:fill_z]
+    if fz == nothing
+        isa(fc, ColorGradient) ? fc : plot_color(_cycle(fc, i))
+    else
+        cmin, cmax = get_clims(series[:subplot])
+        grad = isa(fc, ColorGradient) ? fc : cgrad()
+        grad[clamp((_cycle(fz, i) - cmin) / (cmax - cmin), 0, 1)]
+    end
+end
+
+function get_fillalpha(series, i::Int = 1)
+    _cycle(series[:fillalpha], i)
+end
+
+function get_markercolor(series, i::Int = 1)
+    mc = series[:markercolor]
+    mz = series[:marker_z]
+    if mz == nothing
+        isa(mc, ColorGradient) ? mc : plot_color(_cycle(mc, i))
+    else
+        cmin, cmax = get_clims(series[:subplot])
+        grad = isa(mc, ColorGradient) ? mc : cgrad()
+        grad[clamp((_cycle(mz, i) - cmin) / (cmax - cmin), 0, 1)]
+    end
+end
+
+function get_markeralpha(series, i::Int = 1)
+    _cycle(series[:markeralpha], i)
+end
+
 function get_markerstrokecolor(series, i::Int = 1)
    msc = series[:markerstrokecolor]
    isa(msc, ColorGradient) ? msc : _cycle(msc, i)
@@ -742,7 +748,7 @@ function with(f::Function, args...; kw...)

  # save the backend
  if CURRENT_BACKEND.sym == :none
-    _pick_default_backend()
+    pickDefaultBackend()
  end
  oldbackend = CURRENT_BACKEND.sym

@@ -754,7 +760,7 @@ function with(f::Function, args...; kw...)
    end

    # # TODO: generalize this strategy to allow args as much as possible
-    # #       as in:  with(:gr, :scatter, :legend, :grid) do; ...; end
+    # #       as in:  with(:gadfly, :scatter, :legend, :grid) do; ...; end
    # # TODO: can we generalize this enough to also do something similar in the plot commands??

    # k = :seriestype
@@ -815,20 +821,20 @@ end
 debugshow(x) = show(x)
 debugshow(x::AbstractArray) = print(summary(x))

-function dumpdict(plotattributes::KW, prefix = "", alwaysshow = false)
+function dumpdict(d::KW, prefix = "", alwaysshow = false)
  _debugMode.on || alwaysshow || return
  println()
  if prefix != ""
    println(prefix, ":")
  end
-  for k in sort(collect(keys(plotattributes)))
+  for k in sort(collect(keys(d)))
    @printf("%14s: ", k)
-    debugshow(plotattributes[k])
+    debugshow(d[k])
    println()
  end
  println()
 end
-DD(plotattributes::KW, prefix = "") = dumpdict(plotattributes, prefix, true)
+DD(d::KW, prefix = "") = dumpdict(d, prefix, true)


 function dumpcallstack()
@@ -854,25 +860,25 @@ tovec(v::AbstractVector) = v
 tovec(v::Nothing) = zeros(0)

 function getxy(plt::Plot, i::Integer)
-    plotattributes = plt.series_list[i].plotattributes
-    tovec(plotattributes[:x]), tovec(plotattributes[:y])
+    d = plt.series_list[i].d
+    tovec(d[:x]), tovec(d[:y])
 end
 function getxyz(plt::Plot, i::Integer)
-    plotattributes = plt.series_list[i].plotattributes
-    tovec(plotattributes[:x]), tovec(plotattributes[:y]), tovec(plotattributes[:z])
+    d = plt.series_list[i].d
+    tovec(d[:x]), tovec(d[:y]), tovec(d[:z])
 end

 function setxy!(plt::Plot, xy::Tuple{X,Y}, i::Integer) where {X,Y}
    series = plt.series_list[i]
-    series.plotattributes[:x], series.plotattributes[:y] = xy
-    sp = series.plotattributes[:subplot]
+    series.d[:x], series.d[:y] = xy
+    sp = series.d[:subplot]
    reset_extrema!(sp)
    _series_updated(plt, series)
 end
 function setxyz!(plt::Plot, xyz::Tuple{X,Y,Z}, i::Integer) where {X,Y,Z}
    series = plt.series_list[i]
-    series.plotattributes[:x], series.plotattributes[:y], series.plotattributes[:z] = xyz
-    sp = series.plotattributes[:subplot]
+    series.d[:x], series.d[:y], series.d[:z] = xyz
+    sp = series.d[:subplot]
    reset_extrema!(sp)
    _series_updated(plt, series)
 end
@@ -921,13 +927,13 @@ Base.push!(series::Series, xi, yi, zi) = (push_x!(series,xi); push_y!(series,yi)
 # -------------------------------------------------------

 function attr!(series::Series; kw...)
-    plotattributes = KW(kw)
-    preprocessArgs!(plotattributes)
-    for (k,v) in plotattributes
+    d = KW(kw)
+    preprocessArgs!(d)
+    for (k,v) in d
        if haskey(_series_defaults, k)
            series[k] = v
        else
-            @warn("unused key $k in series attr")
+            warn("unused key $k in series attr")
        end
    end
    _series_updated(series[:subplot].plt, series)
@@ -935,13 +941,13 @@ function attr!(series::Series; kw...)
 end

 function attr!(sp::Subplot; kw...)
-    plotattributes = KW(kw)
-    preprocessArgs!(plotattributes)
-    for (k,v) in plotattributes
+    d = KW(kw)
+    preprocessArgs!(d)
+    for (k,v) in d
        if haskey(_subplot_defaults, k)
            sp[k] = v
        else
-            @warn("unused key $k in subplot attr")
+            warn("unused key $k in subplot attr")
        end
    end
    sp
@@ -1066,9 +1072,9 @@ mm2px(mm::Real)         = float(px / MM_PER_PX)


 "Smallest x in plot"
-xmin(plt::Plot) = ignorenan_minimum([ignorenan_minimum(series.plotattributes[:x]) for series in plt.series_list])
+xmin(plt::Plot) = ignorenan_minimum([ignorenan_minimum(series.d[:x]) for series in plt.series_list])
 "Largest x in plot"
-xmax(plt::Plot) = ignorenan_maximum([ignorenan_maximum(series.plotattributes[:x]) for series in plt.series_list])
+xmax(plt::Plot) = ignorenan_maximum([ignorenan_maximum(series.d[:x]) for series in plt.series_list])

 "Extrema of x-values in plot"
 ignorenan_extrema(plt::Plot) = (xmin(plt), xmax(plt))
@@ -1215,37 +1221,3 @@ end
 function construct_categorical_data(x::AbstractArray, axis::Axis)
    map(xi -> axis[:discrete_values][searchsortedfirst(axis[:continuous_values], xi)], x)
 end
-
-_fmt_paragraph(paragraph::AbstractString;kwargs...) = _fmt_paragraph(IOBuffer(),paragraph,0;kwargs...)
-
-function _fmt_paragraph(io::IOBuffer,
-                        remaining_text::AbstractString,
-                        column_count::Integer;
-                        fillwidth=60,
-                        leadingspaces=0)
-
-    kwargs = (fillwidth = fillwidth, leadingspaces = leadingspaces)
-
-    m = match(r"(.*?) (.*)",remaining_text)
-    if isa(m,Nothing)
-        if column_count + length(remaining_text) ≤ fillwidth
-            print(io,remaining_text)
-            String(take!(io))
-        else
-            print(io,"\n"*" "^leadingspaces*remaining_text)
-            String(take!(io))
-        end
-    else
-        if column_count + length(m[1]) ≤ fillwidth
-            print(io,"$(m[1]) ")
-            _fmt_paragraph(io,m[2],column_count + length(m[1]) + 1;kwargs...)
-        else
-            print(io,"\n"*" "^leadingspaces*"$(m[1]) ")
-            _fmt_paragraph(io,m[2],leadingspaces;kwargs...)
-        end
-    end
-end
-
-function _document_argument(S::AbstractString)
-    _fmt_paragraph("`$S`: "*_arg_desc[Symbol(S)],leadingspaces = 6 + length(S))
-end
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
-StatsPlots
+StatPlots
 Images
 ImageMagick
@osx QuartzImageIO
-FileIO
 GR 0.31.0
 RDatasets
 VisualRegressionTests
 UnicodePlots
-LaTeXStrings
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-using Pkg
-
-# need this to use Conda
-# ENV["PYTHON"] = ""
-
-to_add = [
-    # PackageSpec(url="https://github.com/JuliaStats/KernelDensity.jl.git"),
-    PackageSpec(name="PlotUtils", rev="master"),
-    PackageSpec(name="RecipesBase", rev="master"),
-    # PackageSpec(name="Blink", rev="master"),
-    # PackageSpec(name="Rsvg", rev="master"),
-    # PackageSpec(name="PlotlyJS", rev="master"),
-    # PackageSpec(name="VisualRegressionTests", rev="master"),
-    # PackageSpec("PyPlot"),
-    # PackageSpec("InspectDR"),
-]
-
-if isinteractive()
-    Pkg.develop(PackageSpec(url="https://github.com/JuliaPlots/PlotReferenceImages.jl.git"))
-    append!(to_add, [
-        PackageSpec(name="FileIO"),
-        PackageSpec(name="ImageMagick"),
-        PackageSpec(name="UnicodePlots"),
-        PackageSpec(name="VisualRegressionTests"),
-        PackageSpec(name="Gtk"),
-        # PlotlyJS:
-        # PackageSpec(name="PlotlyJS"),
-        # PackageSpec(name="Blink"),
-        # PackageSpec(name="ORCA"),
-        # PyPlot:
-        # PackageSpec(name="PyPlot"),
-        # PackageSpec(name="PyCall"),
-        # PackageSpec(name="LaTeXStrings"),
-    ])
-else
-    push!(to_add, PackageSpec(url="https://github.com/JuliaPlots/PlotReferenceImages.jl.git"))
-end
-
-Pkg.add(to_add)
-
-Pkg.build("ImageMagick")
-# Pkg.build("GR")
-# Pkg.build("Blink")
-# import Blink
-# Blink.AtomShell.install()
-# Pkg.build("PyPlot")
@@ -2,10 +2,6 @@
 using VisualRegressionTests
 # using ExamplePlots

-if isinteractive()
-    @eval Main import Gtk
-end
-
 # import DataFrames, RDatasets

 # don't let pyplot use a gui... it'll crash
@@ -13,14 +9,12 @@ end
 # ENV["MPLBACKEND"] = "Agg"
 # try
 #   @eval import PyPlot
-#   @info("Matplotlib version: $(PyPlot.matplotlib[:__version__])")
+#   info("Matplotlib version: $(PyPlot.matplotlib[:__version__])")
 # end


 using Plots
-# using StatsPlots
-import PlotReferenceImages
-using Random
+# using StatPlots
 using Test

 default(size=(500,300))
@@ -29,22 +23,22 @@ default(size=(500,300))
 # TODO: use julia's Condition type and the wait() and notify() functions to initialize a Window, then wait() on a condition that
 #       is referenced in a button press callback (the button clicked callback will call notify() on that condition)

-import Plots._current_plots_version
+const _current_plots_version = v"0.17.3"


-function image_comparison_tests(pkg::Symbol, idx::Int; debug = false, popup = isinteractive(), sigma = [1,1], tol = 1e-2)
+function image_comparison_tests(pkg::Symbol, idx::Int; debug = false, popup = isinteractive(), sigma = [1,1], eps = 1e-2)
    Plots._debugMode.on = debug
    example = Plots._examples[idx]
-    @info("Testing plot: $pkg:$idx:$(example.header)")
+    info("Testing plot: $pkg:$idx:$(example.header)")
    backend(pkg)
    backend()

    # ensure consistent results
-    Random.seed!(1234)
+    srand(1234)

    # reference image directory setup
    # refdir = joinpath(Pkg.dir("ExamplePlots"), "test", "refimg", string(pkg))
-    refdir = joinpath(dirname(pathof(PlotReferenceImages)), "..", "Plots", string(pkg))
+    refdir = Pkg.dir("PlotReferenceImages", "Plots", string(pkg))
    fn = "ref$idx.png"

    # firgure out version info
@@ -89,7 +83,7 @@ function image_comparison_tests(pkg::Symbol, idx::Int; debug = false, popup = is

    # the test
    vtest = VisualTest(func, reffn, idx)
-    test_images(vtest, popup=popup, sigma=sigma, tol=tol, newfn = newfn)
+    test_images(vtest, popup=popup, sigma=sigma, eps=eps, newfn = newfn)
 end

 function image_comparison_facts(pkg::Symbol;
@@ -97,11 +91,11 @@ function image_comparison_facts(pkg::Symbol;
                                only = nothing, # limit to these examples (int index)
                                debug = false,  # print debug information?
                                sigma = [1,1],  # number of pixels to "blur"
-                                tol = 1e-2)     # acceptable error (percent)
+                                eps = 1e-2)     # acceptable error (percent)
  for i in 1:length(Plots._examples)
    i in skip && continue
    if only == nothing || i in only
-      @test image_comparison_tests(pkg, i, debug=debug, sigma=sigma, tol=tol) |> success == true
+      @test image_comparison_tests(pkg, i, debug=debug, sigma=sigma, eps=eps) |> success == true
    end
  end
 end
@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 module PlotsTests

-include("add_packages.jl")
 include("imgcomp.jl")

 # don't actually show the plots
-Random.seed!(1234)
+srand(1234)
 default(show=false, reuse=true)
-img_tol = isinteractive() ? 1e-2 : 10e-2
+img_eps = isinteractive() ? 1e-2 : 10e-2

@testset "GR" begin
    ENV["PLOTS_TEST"] = "true"
@@ -14,53 +13,44 @@ img_tol = isinteractive() ? 1e-2 : 10e-2
    @test gr() == Plots.GRBackend()
    @test backend() == Plots.GRBackend()

-    @static if Sys.islinux()
-        image_comparison_facts(:gr, tol=img_tol, skip = [25, 30])
-    end
+    image_comparison_facts(:gr, eps=img_eps, skip = [25, 30])
 end

-# @static if isinteractive()
-#     @testset "PyPlot" begin
-#         @test pyplot() == Plots.PyPlotBackend()
-#         @test backend() == Plots.PyPlotBackend()
+
+#@testset "PyPlot" begin
+#    @test pyplot() == Plots.PyPlotBackend()
+#    @test backend() == Plots.PyPlotBackend()
 #
-#         image_comparison_facts(:pyplot, tol=img_tol, skip = [2, 25, 30, 31])
-#     end
-# end
+#    image_comparison_facts(:pyplot, eps=img_eps)
+#end

@testset "UnicodePlots" begin
    @test unicodeplots() == Plots.UnicodePlotsBackend()
    @test backend() == Plots.UnicodePlotsBackend()

    # lets just make sure it runs without error
-    p = plot(rand(10))
-    @test isa(p, Plots.Plot) == true
-    @test isa(display(p), Nothing) == true
-    p = bar(randn(10))
-    @test isa(p, Plots.Plot) == true
-    @test isa(display(p), Nothing) == true
+    @test isa(plot(rand(10)), Plots.Plot) == true
 end

 # The plotlyjs testimages return a connection error on travis:
 # connect: connection refused (ECONNREFUSED)

-# @static if isinteractive()
-#     @testset "PlotlyJS" begin
-#         @test plotlyjs() == Plots.PlotlyJSBackend()
-#         @test backend() == Plots.PlotlyJSBackend()
+# @testset "PlotlyJS" begin
+#     @test plotlyjs() == Plots.PlotlyJSBackend()
+#     @test backend() == Plots.PlotlyJSBackend()
 #
+#     if Sys.islinux() && isinteractive()
 #         image_comparison_facts(:plotlyjs,
 #             skip=[
 #                 2,  # animation (skipped for speed)
-#                 25,
 #                 27, # (polar plots) takes very long / not working
-#                 30,
 #                 31, # animation (skipped for speed)
 #             ],
-#             tol=img_tol)
+#             eps=img_eps)
 #     end
 # end

+
 # InspectDR returns that error on travis:
 # ERROR: LoadError: InitError: Cannot open display:
 #  in Gtk.GLib.GError(::Gtk.##229#230) at /home/travis/.julia/v0.5/Gtk/src/GLib/gerror.jl:17
@@ -80,7 +70,7 @@ end
 #             28, # heatmap not defined
 #             31, # animation
 #         ],
-#         tol=img_tol)
+#         eps=img_eps)
 # end


@@ -89,15 +79,38 @@ end
 #     @test backend() == Plots.PlotlyBackend()
 #
 #     # # until png generation is reliable on OSX, just test on linux
-#     # @static Sys.islinux() && image_comparison_facts(:plotly, only=[1,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,20,22,23,27], tol=img_tol)
+#     # @static Sys.islinux() && image_comparison_facts(:plotly, only=[1,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,20,22,23,27], eps=img_eps)
 # end

+
+# @testset "Immerse" begin
+#     @test immerse() == Plots.ImmerseBackend()
+#     @test backend() == Plots.ImmerseBackend()
+#
+#     # as long as we can plot anything without error, it should be the same as Gadfly
+#     image_comparison_facts(:immerse, only=[1], eps=img_eps)
+# end
+
+
 # @testset "PlotlyJS" begin
 #     @test plotlyjs() == Plots.PlotlyJSBackend()
 #     @test backend() == Plots.PlotlyJSBackend()
 #
 #     # as long as we can plot anything without error, it should be the same as Plotly
-#     image_comparison_facts(:plotlyjs, only=[1], tol=img_tol)
+#     image_comparison_facts(:plotlyjs, only=[1], eps=img_eps)
+# end
+
+
+# @testset "Gadfly" begin
+#     @test gadfly() == Plots.GadflyBackend()
+#     @test backend() == Plots.GadflyBackend()
+#
+#     @test typeof(plot(1:10)) == Plots.Plot{Plots.GadflyBackend}
+#     @test plot(Int[1,2,3], rand(3)) == not(nothing)
+#     @test plot(sort(rand(10)), rand(Int, 10, 3)) == not(nothing)
+#     @test plot!(rand(10,3), rand(10,3)) == not(nothing)
+#
+#     image_comparison_facts(:gadfly, skip=[4,6,23,24,27], eps=img_eps)
 # end


@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+using Pkg
+
+Pkg.add("ImageMagick")
+Pkg.build("ImageMagick")
+
+# Pkg.clone("GR")
+# Pkg.build("GR")
+
+Pkg.checkout("https://github.com/JuliaPlots/PlotReferenceImages.jl.git")
+
+# Pkg.clone("https://github.com/JuliaStats/KernelDensity.jl.git")
+
+# Pkg.add("StatPlots")
+Pkg.checkout("PlotUtils")
+Pkg.checkout("RecipesBase")
+
+# Pkg.clone("Blink")
+# Pkg.build("Blink")
+# import Blink
+# Blink.AtomShell.install()
+# Pkg.add("Rsvg")
+# Pkg.add("PlotlyJS")
+
+# Pkg.checkout("RecipesBase")
+# Pkg.clone("VisualRegressionTests")
+
+# need this to use Conda
+# ENV["PYTHON"] = ""
+# Pkg.add("PyPlot")
+# Pkg.build("PyPlot")
+
+# Pkg.add("InspectDR")
+
+Pkg.test("Plots"; coverage=false)
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Josef Heinen	b9c9fc615b	Update gr.jl	2018-08-01 13:06:55 +02:00
Daniel Schwabeneder	50c62ec48e	Merge pull request #1593 from fredrikekre/fe/0.72 small additional fixes for 0.7	2018-07-05 08:14:48 +02:00
Fredrik Ekre	b16ced0367	small fixes	2018-07-05 00:19:21 +02:00