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docs/src/advanced.md
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@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
# Advanced usage
Here we will show a few advanced techniques for data visualization using **Gnuplot.jl**.
```@setup abc ```@setup abc
using Gnuplot using Gnuplot
Gnuplot.quitall() Gnuplot.quitall()
mkpath("assets") mkpath("assets")
saveas(file) = save(term="pngcairo size 480,360 fontscale 0.8", output="assets/$(file).png")
empty!(Gnuplot.options.init) empty!(Gnuplot.options.init)
gpexec("set term unknown") push!( Gnuplot.options.init, "set term unknown")
empty!(Gnuplot.options.reset)
push!( Gnuplot.options.reset, linetypes(:Set1_5, lw=2))
saveas(file) = save(term="pngcairo size 550,350 fontscale 0.8", output="assets/$(file).png")
``` ```
# Advanced usage
Here we will show a few advanced techniques for data visualization using **Gnuplot.jl**.
## Named datasets ## Named datasets
@ -128,7 +127,6 @@ The output value is the exit status of the underlying gnuplot process.
You may also quit all active sessions at once with [`Gnuplot.quitall()`](@ref): You may also quit all active sessions at once with [`Gnuplot.quitall()`](@ref):
```@repl abc ```@repl abc
Gnuplot.quitall() Gnuplot.quitall()
gpexec("set term unknown") # hide
``` ```
## Histograms ## Histograms
@ -218,14 +216,9 @@ save(term="gif animate size 480,360 delay 5", output="assets/animation.gif")
## Direct command execution ## Direct command execution
When gnuplot commands are passed to `@gp` or `@gsp` they are stored in a session for future use, or to be saved in [Gnuplot scripts](@ref). If you simply wish to execute a command, without storing it in the session, use [`gpexec`](@ref). E.g. if you wish to temporarily change the current terminal: When gnuplot commands are passed to `@gp` or `@gsp` they are stored in a session for future use, or to be saved in [Gnuplot scripts](@ref). If you simply wish to execute a command without storing it in the session, and possibly retrieve a value, use [`gpexec`](@ref). E.g. if you wish to retrieve the value of a gnuplot variable:
```@repl abc
gpexec("set term wxt");
```
The gnuplot process replies are returned as a string, e.g.:
```@repl abc ```@repl abc
gpexec("print GPVAL_TERM") gpexec("print GPVAL_TERM")
gpexec("set term unknown") #hide
``` ```
You may also provide a session ID as first argument (see [Multiple sessions](@ref)) to redirect the command to a specific session. You may also provide a session ID as first argument (see [Multiple sessions](@ref)) to redirect the command to a specific session.
@ -233,9 +226,8 @@ You may also provide a session ID as first argument (see [Multiple sessions](@re
## Dry sessions ## Dry sessions
A "*dry session*" is a session with no underlying gnuplot process. To enable dry sessions type: A "*dry session*" is a session with no underlying gnuplot process. To enable dry sessions type:
```@repl abc ```julia
Gnuplot.options.dry = true; Gnuplot.options.dry = true;
Gnuplot.options.dry = false #hide
``` ```
before starting a session (see also [Options](@ref)). Note that the `dry` option is a global one, i.e. it affects all sessions started after setting the option. before starting a session (see also [Options](@ref)). Note that the `dry` option is a global one, i.e. it affects all sessions started after setting the option.
@ -245,15 +237,21 @@ If a gnuplot process can not be started the package will print a warning, and au
## Options ## Options
Thepackage options are stored in a global structure available in Julia as `Gnuplot.option` (the type of the structure is [`Gnuplot.Options`](@ref)). The most important settings are as follows: The package options are stored in a global structure available in Julia as `Gnuplot.option` (the type of the structure is [`Gnuplot.Options`](@ref)). The most important settings are as follows:
- `dry::Bool`: if true all new sessions will be started [Dry sessions](@ref). Default is `false`, but if the package is not able to start a gnuplot it will automatically switch to `false`; - `dry::Bool`: if true all new sessions will be started as [Dry sessions](@ref). Default is `false`, but if the package is not able to start a gnuplot it will automatically switch to `false`;
- `init::Vector{String}`: This vector can be used to `push!` initialization commands to be executed when a new session is started. Default is an empty vector. It can be used to, e.g., set a custom terminal for all new sessions: - `init::Vector{String}`: initialization commands to be executed when a new session is created. Default is an empty vector. It can be used to, e.g., set a custom terminal:
```@repl abc ```@repl abc
push!(Gnuplot.options.init, "set term sixelgd"); push!(Gnuplot.options.start, "set term sixelgd");
``` ```
Note that this is a global option, i.e. it will affect all new sessions. Also note that the commands in `Gnuplot.options.init` are not saved in [Gnuplot scripts](@ref); Note that this is option affect all the newly created sessions, not the older ones. Also note that the commands in `Gnuplot.options.init` **are not** saved in [Gnuplot scripts](@ref);
- `reset::Vector{String}`: initialization commands to be executed when a session is reset. Default is an empty vector. It can be used to, e.g., set custom linetypes or palette:
```@repl abc
push!(Gnuplot.options.init, linetypes(:Set1_5, lw=2));
```
Note that this is option affect all the sessions. Also note that the commands in `Gnuplot.options.reset` **are** saved in [Gnuplot scripts](@ref);
- `verbose::Bool`: a flag to set verbosity of the package. In particular if it is `true` all communication with the underlying process will be printed on stdout. E.g.: - `verbose::Bool`: a flag to set verbosity of the package. In particular if it is `true` all communication with the underlying process will be printed on stdout. E.g.:
```@repl abc ```@repl abc
@ -262,14 +260,11 @@ Gnuplot.options.verbose = true;
x = 1.:10; x = 1.:10;
@gp x x.^2 "w l t 'Parabola'" @gp x x.^2 "w l t 'Parabola'"
save(term="pngcairo size 480,360 fontscale 0.8", output="output.png") save(term="pngcairo size 480,360 fontscale 0.8", output="output.png")
Gnuplot.options.verbose = false # hide
gpexec("set term unknown") # hide
``` ```
Each line reports the package name (`GNUPLOT`), the session name (`default`), the command or string being sent to gnuplot process, and the returned response (line starting with `->`). Default value is `false`; Each line reports the package name (`GNUPLOT`), the session name (`default`), the command or string being sent to gnuplot process, and the returned response (line starting with `->`). Default value is `false`;
```@setup abc
Gnuplot.options.verbose = false
gpexec("set term unknown")
```
- `cmd::String`: command to start the gnuplot process, default value is `"gnuplot"`. If you need to specify a custom path to the gnuplot executable you may change this value; - `cmd::String`: command to start the gnuplot process, default value is `"gnuplot"`. If you need to specify a custom path to the gnuplot executable you may change this value;
- `default::Symbol`: default session name, i.e. the session that will be used when no session name is provided; - `default::Symbol`: default session name, i.e. the session that will be used when no session name is provided;
@ -278,3 +273,4 @@ gpexec("set term unknown")
- `bin`: provides best performances for large datasets, but uses temporary files; - `bin`: provides best performances for large datasets, but uses temporary files;
- `text`: may be slow for large datasets, but no temporary file is involved; - `text`: may be slow for large datasets, but no temporary file is involved;
- `auto` (default) automatically choose the best strategy. - `auto` (default) automatically choose the best strategy.

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docs/src/basic.md
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@ -3,9 +3,11 @@ using Gnuplot
Gnuplot.quitall() Gnuplot.quitall()
mkpath("assets") mkpath("assets")
Gnuplot.splash("assets/logo.png") Gnuplot.splash("assets/logo.png")
saveas(file) = save(term="pngcairo size 480,360 fontscale 0.8", output="assets/$(file).png")
empty!(Gnuplot.options.init) empty!(Gnuplot.options.init)
gpexec("set term unknown") push!( Gnuplot.options.init, "set term unknown")
empty!(Gnuplot.options.reset)
push!( Gnuplot.options.reset, linetypes(:Set1_5, lw=2))
saveas(file) = save(term="pngcairo size 550,350 fontscale 0.8", output="assets/$(file).png")
``` ```
# Basic usage # Basic usage
@ -209,22 +211,34 @@ saveas("ex008a") # hide
``` ```
![](assets/ex008a.png) ![](assets/ex008a.png)
The list of all available palette can be retrieved with [`palette_names()`](@ref):
```@repl abc
palette_names()
```
The [ColorSchemes](https://juliagraphics.github.io/ColorSchemes.jl/stable/basics/#Pre-defined-schemes-1) palettes can also be used to generate line types (actually just line colors), by means of the [`linetypes()`](@ref) function, e.g.
The [ColorSchemes](https://juliagraphics.github.io/ColorSchemes.jl/stable/basics/#Pre-defined-schemes-1) palettes can also be used to generate line type colors, and optionally the line width, point size and dashed pattern, by means of the [`linetypes()`](@ref) function, e.g.
```@example abc ```@example abc
@gp linetypes(:deepsea) @gp "set key left" "set multiplot layout 1,2"
x = 1:0.1:4pi @gp :- 1 linetypes(:Set1_5, lw=2)
for i in 1:5 for i in 1:10
@gp :- x i.* sin.(x) "w l notit lw 5" @gp :- i .* (0:10) "w lp t '$i'"
end
@gp :- 2 linetypes(:Set1_5, dashed=true, ps=2)
for i in 1:10
@gp :- i .* (0:10) "w lp t '$i'"
end end
saveas("ex009") # hide saveas("ex009") # hide
``` ```
![](assets/ex009.png) ![](assets/ex009.png)
The list of all available palette can be retrieved with [`palette_names()`](@ref): The plot on the left features the `:Set1_5` palette and where each line is solid and has a width of 2 by default. The plot on the right shows the same palette but default line widths are 1, default point size is 2 (for the first N line types, where N is the number of discrete colors in the palette), and the dashed pattern is automatically changed.
```@repl abc
palette_names() You may set a default line types for all plots with:
```julia
push!( Gnuplot.options.init, linetypes(:Set1_5, lw=2))
``` ```
(see [Options](@ref) for further informations). All plot in this documentation were generated with the latter settings.
## Exporting plots to files ## Exporting plots to files
@ -237,13 +251,13 @@ terminals()
Once you choose the proper terminal (i.e. format of the exported file), use the [`save()`](@ref) function to export. As an example, all the plots in this page have been saved with: Once you choose the proper terminal (i.e. format of the exported file), use the [`save()`](@ref) function to export. As an example, all the plots in this page have been saved with:
```julia ```julia
save(term="pngcairo size 480,360 fontscale 0.8", output="assets/output.png") save(term="pngcairo size 550,350 fontscale 0.8", output="assets/output.png")
``` ```
Note that you can pass both the terminal name and its options via the `term=` keyword. See [Gnuplot terminals](@ref) for further info on the terminals. Note that you can pass both the terminal name and its options via the `term=` keyword. See [Gnuplot terminals](@ref) for further info on the terminals.
## Gnuplot scripts ## Gnuplot scripts
Besides exporting plots in a file **Gnuplot.jl** can also save a *script*, i.e. a file containing the minimum set of data and commands required to re-create a figure using just gnuplot. Besides exporting plots in image files, **Gnuplot.jl** can also save a *script*, i.e. a file containing the minimum set of data and commands required to re-create a figure using just gnuplot.
The script allows a complete decoupling of plot data and aethetics, from the Julia code used to generate them. With scripts you can: The script allows a complete decoupling of plot data and aethetics, from the Julia code used to generate them. With scripts you can:
- modify all aesthetic details of a plot without re-running the (possibly complex and time-consuming) code used to generate it; - modify all aesthetic details of a plot without re-running the (possibly complex and time-consuming) code used to generate it;
@ -257,7 +271,7 @@ after the plot has been displayed. Note that when images or large datasets are
E.g., the following code: E.g., the following code:
```julia ```@example abc
x = 1:10 x = 1:10
@gp x x.^2 "w l" @gp x x.^2 "w l"
save("script1.gp") save("script1.gp")
@ -283,7 +297,7 @@ set output
``` ```
While the following: While the following:
```julia ```@example abc
img = testimage("lighthouse"); img = testimage("lighthouse");
@gp "set size square" "set autoscale fix" img "rotate=-90deg with rgbimage notit" @gp "set size square" "set autoscale fix" img "rotate=-90deg with rgbimage notit"
save("script2.gp") save("script2.gp")
@ -301,6 +315,7 @@ set output
The above scripts can be loaded into a pure gnuplot session (Julia is no longer needed) as follows: The above scripts can be loaded into a pure gnuplot session (Julia is no longer needed) as follows:
``` ```
gunplot> load 'script1.gp' gunplot> load 'script1.gp'
gunplot> load 'script2.gp'
``` ```
to generate a plot identical to the original one. to generate a plot identical to the original one.